TEST 3

FULL NAME: ________________________________SCORE: _________________

I. LISTENING
Part 1: You will hear a part of a radio program in which food historian Andrew Dalford
talks about pepper, one of the most common spices. Complete the sentences with NO MORE
THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Andrew Dalford’s recently published book about the history of spices is entitled (1)______
___________
The colour of the pepper is related to when the (2)_________________ takes place.
In the past, dishonest dealers would add cheaper plant materials such as
(3)_________________ and (4)________________ to sacks of pepper.
Andrew uses the term (5)__________________ to describe the social importance of pepper
throughout history.
Peppercorns could be used in financial transactions, like paying (6)_______________ and
clearing debts.
Together with (7)_________________, pepper was regarded as a luxury item in the Roman
Empire.
In medicine, both (8)________________ were used to treat certain conditions.
Made into an ointment, pepper was used to treat (9)_________________ and to relieve pain.
Pepper in solution or as a powder was used to keep (10)_________________ away.

Part 2: For questions 1-5 write no more than two words and/or a number from the dialogue for
each answer.
“Underwater living”
1.How long did the scientists spend under the waves?
__________________________________
2. What answer did Rob choose?
__________________________________
3. What's the name of the laboratory?
__________________________________
4. Where's the laboratory situated?
__________________________________
5. What is the world record for holding breath underwater?
__________________________________

Part 3: Question 3: Listen to the news about Britain and decide weather they are True or
False
1. Keira Knightley and Princess Diana share a distant ancestor. T F
2. The film is set in the 1700s. T F
3. In the film Keira Knightley plays the mistress of an aristocrat. T F
4. Keira Knightley was 23 when Princess Diana died. T F
5. In the 18th Century divorce was seen as an acceptable action by most people. T F

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Part 4: You will hear a psychologist being interviewed about friendship, choose the answer
which fits best according to what you hear. (1 point)
1. From three to five years old, children __________
A. are happy to play alone. B. prefer to be with their family.
C. have rather selfish relationships. D. have little idea of ownership.
2. From age five to eight or ten, children __________
A. change their friends more often. B. decide who they want to be friends with.
C. admire people who don’t keep to rules. D. learn to be tolerant of their friends.
3. According to Sarah Browns, adolescents __________
A. may be closer to their friends than to their parents.
B. develop an interest in friends of the opposite sex.
C. choose friends with similar personalities to themselves.
D. want friends who are dependable.
4. Young married people __________
A. tend to focus on their children. B. often lose touch with their friends.
C. make close friends less easily. D. have fewer friends than single people.
5. In middle or old age people generally prefer__________
A. to stay in touch with old friends. B. to see younger friends more often.
C. to have friends who live nearby. D. to spend more time with their friends
III. LEXICO – GRAMMAR
Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the following sentences. Write your
answers in the space provided. ( 30 points)
1. ___________, the balcony chairs will be ruined in this weather.
A. Left uncovered B. Having left uncovered
C. Leaving uncovered D. Been left uncovered
2. Eating organically grown food is a clear, intelligent, delicious choice. ___________, finding and
affording only organic food is sometimes tough.
A. Though B. So C. However D. Regarding
3. Considered America’s first great architect, ___________.
A. many of the buildings at Harvard University were designed by Henry Hobson Richardson
B. it was Henry Hobson Richardson who designed many of the buildings at Harvard University
C. Henry Hobson Richardson designed many of the buildings at Harvard University
D. Harvard University has many buildings that were designed by Henry Hobson Richardson.
4. The misunderstanding is thought to have ___________ from an ambiguous article which appeared in
yesterday’s newspaper.
A. stirred B. steered C. strayed D. stemmed
5. He claimed ___________ from military service as he was a foreign national.
A. demobilization B. exception C. exemption D. liability
6. Closure of schools took place ___________ falling numbers of pupils.
A. in the context of B. with regard to C. with a concern for D. in favour of
7. It’s so bad to have a boss who ___________ all the time. It’s quite stressful and uncomfortable.
A. follows your nose B. keeps your temper C. draws your eyes D. breathes down your neck
8. At the moment, his company is on the ___________ of collapse.
A. risk B. horn C. top D. point
9. I was awfully tired. However, I made up my mind to __________myself to the tedious task once again.
A. involve B. absorb C. engross D. apply

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10. It was Martin who ___________ the initiative in introducing our guest to the princess.
A. adopted B. took C. led D. pursued
11. The incredible thing about telephone ___________ across the continents, but that you can recognize
the other person's voice.
A. is it provides instant talking to each other B. is it allows people to talk instantly
C. is that people can talk instantly D. is not that people can instantly talk to each other
12. Jack has a collection of ___________.
A. old valuable Japanese postage stamps B. old Japanese valuable postage stamps
C. valuable Japanese old postage stamps D. valuable old Japanese postage stamps
13. To solve this problem, it is advisable ___________.
A. a drastic measure to be adopted B. that a drastic measure be adopted
C. that a drastic measure is adopted D. that a drastic measure to be adopted
14. His English was roughly ___________ with my Greek, so our communication was rather difficult.
A. in the red B. on a par C. out on a limb D. in tune
15. This insect is ___________, I've never seen anything like that before.
A. out of the way B. out of sight C. off the way D. off the track
16. As a novelist I think Jack London ___________ comparison with the greatest this century.
A. makes B. stands C. leads D. matches
17. If a machine stops moving or working normally, you can say that it has ___________.
A. seized up B. cut off C. gone off D. wiped out
18. Most of the ___________ in this workshop do not work very seriously or productively.
A. sneer and snarl B. bright and breezy C. rank and file D. tooth and nail
19. Local authorities and villagers are concerned about pollution from ___________oil well.
A. maritime B. sea-going C. offshore D. coastline
20. Jane applied for paid leave, but her boss rejected her application ___________.
A. out of hand B. in hand C. off hand D. on hand
21. The altitude ___________ his breathing, making him a bit spaced out and disorientated.
A. played downed B. played havoc with C. played himself in D. played up to
22. These men share a tendency toward balladeering, which ___________ me up the wrong way.
A. bothers B. provokes C. annoys D. rubs
23. Roger Williams was a clergyman, ___________ the colony of Rhode Island, and an outspoken
advocate of religious and political freedom.
A. founded B. the founder of C. the founded D. was the founder of
24. Although the patient received intensive treatment, there was no ___________ improvement in her
condition.
A. decipherable B. legible C. discernible D. intelligible
25. We are going to build a fence around the field with ___________ to breeding sheep and cattle.
A. a goal B. an outlook C. an account D. a view
26. If listening to Mozart's music increases intelligence and encourages ___________, why aren't the
world's smartest and most spiritual people Mozart specialists?"
A. spiritually B. spirituality C. spiritualist D. spiritual
27. My uncle pulled a few ___________ and got me a job in the company where he works.
A. ropes B. strings C. threads D. wires
28. The main cause of the strike was the management’s refusal to give further consideration to the
question of pay ___________.
A. differences B. differentials C. distinctions D. dissimilarities
29. The tennis tournament isn’t over yet, not by a long ___________.
A. talk B. chalk C. walk D. hawk
30. The rumor that his job was in jeopardy caused Peter to ___________ with concern.
A. frown B. beam C. burst D. howl
Choose the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the
following questions. Write your answers in the space provided.
1. Jane has such bewitching smile that almost everyone seems to dote on her.
A. exquisite B. hostile C. disgusting D. inscrutable
2. We should tell Peter that the location of the picnic has been changed. Let’s put him in the picture.
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 A. show him B. take his photo C. explain to him D. inform him
3. Albert Einstein is lauded as one of the greatest theoretical physicists of all time.
A. dictated B. acclaimed C. described D. ascribed
4. While the British held out on sharing information, it did build the Australian public a consolation
prize, a nuclear reactor at Lucas Heights in Southern Sydney.
A. refused B. accepted C. consented D. acceded
5. The first time I met my friend’s parents, I was walking on eggshells because I knew their political
views were very different from mine.
A. was given many eggs B. had to be very cautious
C. had a lot of pleasure D. was talking nervously
Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the
following questions. Write your answers in the space provided.
1. I have had enough of life in the fast lane, so I'm giving up my executive sales job and moving to the
countryside.
A. an exciting and eventful lifestyle B. a boring and tedious lifestyle
C. a tiring and stressful life D. a happy and comfortable life
2. Unless you get your information from a credible website, you should doubt the veracity of the facts
until you have confirmed them elsewhere.
A. decisiveness B. truthfulness C. inexactness D. unfairness
3. Work efficiency has increased appreciably each year thanks to computers and their ability to
multitask.
A. unstably B. unreliably C. unexpectedly D. marginally
4. My brother is an old hand at fixing household appliances. I'm sure he can help you.
A. a green hand B. a blue hand C. a new hand D. a red hand
5. Adults, particularly older ones or those with a run-down immune system, can also contract shingles
(herpes zoster) from a child with chickenpox.
A. worn-out B. clean-limbed C. uncared-for D. washed-out
Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.
Write your answers in the space provided.
1. Two students are talking about their friend Tim.
Dave: “Tim has a very easy job. He’s paid a lot of money to do little.”
Justine: “___________”
A. It's the luck of the game. B. It's an incredible piece of luck.
C. Wish him good luck. D. He crossed his fingers for luck.
2. Two students are talking about an upcoming test.
Mary: “The sociology test seems to be very difficult. I am still not confident about my performance this
Friday. I’ve gone through all the materials, though!”
Alexis: “___________”
A. You’ve read all the materials, but it’s OK for you.
B. I have read all the chapters, but I have not studied the notes from the lectures.
C. That is correct! You are doing really well too, Mary!
D. I do not think that is your problem. It is probably a case of anxiety.

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V. READING COMPREHENSION (60 points)
Part 1. Read the passage then choose the best answer from A, B, C or D to fill in each numbered blank.
Write your answers in the space provided. (20 points)
The new England Forestry Foundation, (NEFF) now has a place it can use to showcase sustainable
forestry. It wasn’t easy and NEFF still needs to (1) ___________ £ 2.2 million to complete the capital
campaign. The Prouty property has been a fixture in the landscape of Littleton for almost a century. In
2002, Donald Prouty, former Littleton town Moderator and town counsel (2) ___________Landvest was
engaged to sell the property. Recognizing the opportunity to protect a significant tract of forestland within
the rapidly (3) ___________ U.S. Route 495 corridor, Landvest introduced NEFF to the property. After
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walking the property and meeting with representatives of the town, NEFF boldly signed a purchase and
sale agreement with the Prouty family. The family generously agreed to a bargain sale price in order to
preserve the property and avoid a likely (4) ___________ war among developers. Valued in (5)
___________of £3 million, the family’s generous offer demonstrated their commitment to conserving the
property. In October 2003, NEFF (6) ___________ financing at a highly competitive rate and purchased
the property. This wonderful community resource was dedicated “Prouty Woods community forest” at a
dedication ceremony in October 2004.
NEFF now provides public (7)___________throughout the property and educational
opportunities at the William A. King Education Center, located at the top of Wilderness Hill. NEFF
continues to manage the land as an active working forest - as Dona and Carey Prouty had done for years.
(8) ___________ from Fay Park to Long Lake, the 107-acre Prouty property is truly unique and
significant tract of woodland within minutes of Route 495. The property includes 1600 feet of frontage on
Long Lake and the top of Wilderness Hill offers expansive views to the west and north including Mount
Monadnock in New Hamshire. The combination of forest, hayfield and riparian zones provide much-
needed habitat for a variety of species. The forest has been under professional forest management for
many years. Walking trails maintained by Littleton Conservation Trust connect to a town-wide system of
walking trails. The town has protected significant acreage at Long Lake Park and along the (9)
___________ of Long Lake across from the Prouty property. The town-owned Morgan property adjoins
to the north. In addition, the town has purchased a conservation restriction on 85 acres of Prouty Woods
Community Forest, further increasing the conservation (10) ___________ of this property.

1. A. escalate B. elevate C. promote D. raise

2. A. gave away B. passed away C. passed off D. gave over
3. A. developing B. devising C. deriving D. decreasing
4. A. bidding B. proposing C. letting D. beating
5. A. extra B. over C. excess D. above
6. A. attacted B. tightened C. secured D. possessed
7. A. passage B. acclaim C. entrance D. access
8. A. Stretching B. Swelling C. Pushing D. Multiplying
9. A. valley B. shore C. verge D. edge
10. A. merit B. value C. prize D. treasure
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________
6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ___________

Part 2. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C or D. Write your answers in the
space provided. (20 points)
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SEED PLANTS
Seed plants are the foundation of human diets across the world. Many societies eat almost
exclusively vegetarian fare and depend solely on seed plants for their nutritional needs. A few crops (rice,
wheat, and potatoes) dominate the agricultural landscape. Many crops were developed during the
agricultural revolution when human societies made the transition from nomadic hunter-gatherers to
horticulture and agriculture. Cereals, rich in carbohydrates, provide the staple of many human diets.
Beans and nuts supply proteins. Fats are derived from crushed seeds, as is the case for peanut and
rapeseed (canola) oils or fruits such as olives. Livestock, like cows and sheep, also consume large
amounts of crops.
Staple crops are not the only food derived from seed plants. Fruits and vegetables provide
nutrients, vitamins, and fiber. Sugar, to sweeten dishes, is produced from the monocot sugarcane and the
eudicot sugar beet. Drinks are made from infusions of tea leaves, chamomile flowers, crushed coffee
beans, or powdered cocoa beans. Spices come from many different plant parts: saffron and cloves are
stamens and buds, black pepper and vanilla are seeds, the bark of a bush in the Laurales family - shrubs
and plants with dark green glossy leaves - supplies cinnamon, and the herbs that flavor many dishes come
from dried leaves and fruit, such as the red chili pepper. Additionally, no discussion of seed plant
contribution to human diet would be complete without the mention of alcohol. Fermentation of plant-
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derived sugars and starches is used to produce alcoholic beverages in all societies. In some cases, the
beverages are derived from the fermentation of sugars from fruit, as with wines and, in other cases, from
the fermentation of carbohydrates derived from seeds, as with beers.
Seed plants have many other uses, including providing wood as a source of timber for
construction, fuel, and material to build furniture. Most paper is derived from the pulp of coniferous trees.
Fibers of seed plants such as cotton, flax, and hemp are woven into cloth. [A] Textile dyes, such as
indigo, were mostly of plant origin until the advent of synthetic chemical dyes. [B] The medicinal
properties of plants have been known to human societies since ancient times. [C] There are references to
the use of plants’ curative properties in Egyptian, Babylonian, and Chinese writings from 5,000 years ago.
[D]
Biodiversity ensures a resource for new food crops and medicines. Plant life balances ecosystems,
protects watersheds, mitigates erosion, moderates climate and provides shelter for many animal species.
Threats to plant diversity, however, come from many angles. The explosion of the human population,
especially in tropical countries where birth rates are highest and economic development is in full swing, is
leading to human encroachment into forested areas. To feed the larger population, humans need to obtain
arable land, so there is a massive clearing of trees. The need for more energy to power larger cities and
economic growth therein leads to the construction of dams, the consequent flooding of ecosystems, and
increased emissions of pollutants.
The number of plant species becoming extinct is increasing at an alarming rate. Because
ecosystems are in a delicate balance, and seed plants maintain close symbiotic relationships with animals,
the disappearance of a single plant can lead to the extinction of connected animal species. A real and
pressing issue is that many plant species have not yet been cataloged, and so their place in the ecosystem
is unknown. These unknown species are threatened by logging, habitat destruction, and loss of
pollinators. They may become extinct before we have the chance to begin to understand the possible
impacts from their disappearance. Efforts to preserve biodiversity take several lines of action, from
preserving heirloom seeds to barcoding species. Heirloom seeds come from plants that were traditionally
grown in human populations, as opposed to the seeds used for large-scale agricultural production.
Barcoding is a technique in which one or more short gene sequences, taken from a well-characterized
portion of the genome, are used to identify a species through DNA analysis.

1. The word fare in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ___________.

A. meals B. feasts C. fluids D. price
2. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true?
A. Most societies have vegetarian diets and do not consume meat or fish.
B. Humans started farming after relying on hunting and gathering.
C. Nuts and beans make up an essential part of the human diet.
D. Humans get protein from foods like oil and olives.
3. The word glossy in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ___________.
A. pretty B. fragrant C. shiny D. greasy
4. What does the author say about spices?
A. They are made by infusions of crushed beans, leaves, and flowers.
B. They all come from seeds that are ground down.
C. The majority are from dried leaves and fruit.
D. They are sourced from a variety of parts of the plant.
5. The author mentions all of the following about alcohol EXCEPT ___________.
A. Alcohol is made by the fermentation of sugars and starches from plants
B. Some alcoholic beverages are made with the sugars from fruit
C. Wines are made with fermented fruit sugars
D. Most alcohol is made by fermenting carbohydrates from seeds
6. According to paragraph 3, seed plants are also used for ___________.
A. cutting trees for wood, construction, and building materials
B. creating hemp for paper and chemical synthetic dyes
C. developing medicine to cure rare ailments
D. making indigo dyes for textiles
7. According to paragraph 4, how does plant life positively affect the environment?
A. Creates watersheds and controls erosion rates.
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 B. Creates biodiversity for new food crops and medicines.
C. Provides shelter for and feeds the majority of animal species.
D. Stabilizes ecosystems and moderates the climate.
8. Why does the author talk about “unknown species”?
A. To show that there are many species people do not know about.
B. To emphasize that humans do not fully grasp the impact of their use of plants.
C. To suggest that the planet might be more biodiversity than we know.
D. To imply that we need more biologists studying plant life.
9. According to paragraph 5, how do we identify and catalog organisms?
A. Through barcoding and subsequent DNA analysis.
B. Through advanced DNA analysis.
C. Via a process of barcoding and hi-tech photographs.
D. By preserving heirloom seeds.
10. Where in Paragraph 4 can the following sentence be placed?
“Their use in medicine has only increased as the human population and subsequent demand has grown
significantly, and this is putting a strain on the environment and affecting biodiversity.”
A. In [A] B. In [B] C. In [C] D. In [D]

Part 3. Read the text and do the tasks that follow. (20 points)
The Reading Passage has seven paragraphs A-G.
For questions 1-6, choose the most suitable heading below for each paragraph, write your answers on
the boxes provided.
List of Headings
i. Gaming in the field of physical theraphy
ii. An unresolved social debate
iii. Creating a game to mirror real-world conditions
iv. The limitations of conventional therapy
v. Disapproving negative assumptions about online gaming
vi. The game world as a social model
vii. The impact of poor physical health on the mind
viii. The key to emotional maturity
ix. Gaming as an academic learning tool
x. Improving patient morale

1. Paragraph A ____________ 4. Paragraph D ____________

2. Paragraph B ____________ 5. Paragraph F ____________
3. Paragraph C ____________ 6. Paragraph G ____________

THE VALIDITY OF THERAPEUTIC PLAY

A. The debate over the negative and positive impact of video games has been in existence for as long as
the games themselves and shows little sign of reaching a conclusive end. Avocates of gaming
maintain that playing games teaches leadership abilities and time-planning, as well as promoting
teamwork and training participants in transferable life skills such as speed typing and language use.
The opposition contend that overexposure is linked to hyperactive and aggressive behaviors, lack of
interest in other activities, and even has a detrimental effect on quality of sleep. Though this
discussion shows no sign of warning, in all likelihood, video games has become a permanent addition
to our society. However, aside from their entertainment value, video games have been found to have
viable applications in certain medical fields; as their significance becomes recognised, they are being
assimilated into courses of treatment and rehabilitative therapy.
B. The therapeutic benefits of video games are becoming gradually apparent; specialists have begun to
see how the possitive reinforcement that players receive from inbuilt game reward systems- such as
levels or ‘loots’- serves as personal motivation and creates a sense of achievement. Developing this

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 ‘fighting spirit’ is crucial to patients who are undergoing difficult or prolonged courses of treatment.
The impact of poor mental well-being on physical condition has long been recognised by the medical
community, and the mental resilience that video games build up is a valuable trait for negotiating the
difficulties of extended therapy.
C. Appreciation of this has led to increasing trend of incorporating video games into courses of therapy
and, in some cases, even using them as a method for delivering the treatment itself. Perhaps, the best
example of this is the use of real-time, movement-controlled video games, known as ‘exergames’ in
the physical rehabilitation of patients recovering from strokes. After a stroke, damage to the central
nervous system often leaves patients with restricted movement in certain parts of the body. Although
this damage can be repaired, the road to recover entails long months of tiring physical therapy and
mental frustration. Nerve damage to the arms is particularly difficult to recover from; many patients
succumb to the natural temptation to perform tasks faster and more easily with their functional ‘ good’
arm, meaning that the afflicted arm doesn’t receive the practice and exercise it needs. Early muscle
activation is the key to a good recovery may be delayed significantly. One of the most effective
techniques for countering is known as CIMT ( Constraint - Induced Movement Therapy). The ‘good’
hand is literally bound, preventing its use, while the affected hand performs everyday repetitive tasks.
While proving to be statistically effective, this high-intensity therapy can be extremely tiring for the
patient, both physically and psychologically, and can usually only be carried out for short periods of
time.
D. Gaming technology is able to ameliorate this. By wrapping the affected hand in a motion-sensory
glove, patients are able to transport their movements into the world of a video games. The key to this
adaptation is the immersive nature of video games; when engaged in game play, patients tired less
quickly and, in fact, estimated their time spent playing at around 75% less than it actually was. Since
the activities in-game require the player to mimic actions such as climbing, pushing, etc, the
movements do not differ vastly from the movements of the conventional therapy- but the mental
stimulation of the video game environment means that patients try harder and for longer without
experiencing the same levels of fatigue or negative emotion.
E. This same immersive nature is the reason that gaming is not only relevant as an active form of
physical rehabilitation, but is also used to help patients with behavioral or social disorders-
particularly children who are still in developmental stages. An estimated 6 in 1000 children are
dignosed with a form of autism, a neurobehavioural disorder which typically manifests itself as
difficulty communicating with or relating to others, overall impairment in social interaction and
repetitive or inflexible behavioral traits.
F. Among these things, children diagnosed with autism find it difficult to understand outside
perspectives or control intense emotions. This leaves them less able to suppress their feelings and
release them in a socially acceptable manner. Involvement in gaming of any form familarises children
with established social behaviors and exposes them to the positive and negative aspects of life in a
controlled environment. This provides a form of ‘ brain training’ which helps regulate mental
impulses in the outside world. Aside from aiding emotional growth, these games boost fundamental
childhood ‘rule’ - such as ‘ being a good loser’, or ‘ taking turns’.
G. At a more complex level, MMOs ( Massively Multiplayer Online Games) can be used to teach peer
cooperation, independent decision making and wide-ranging social interaction. What seperates this
form of online gaming from single-player gaming is the wide pool of social contact and the degree of
communication required to participate. The artificial community which builds up around online games
has proved effective in both attracting and enabling participation from otherwise reticent children
and, to this end, there are even purpose-built game servers where children with autism and other
social or learning difficulties can develop and practise their skills in a protected environment. In a
sheltered in-game setting, they are more likely to feel confident about experimenting with their social
abilities, and this practice can then extend to external situations. The structure of the game on these
servers often differs slightly from the regular models so as to better convey learning points such as
respect for the environment, or consequences of actions on others. Most importantly, such
communities reinforce a defined set of social ‘rules’ which are applicable in the non-game world.
Once following these rules online becomes familiar to children, they feel more confident about using
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 their skills in the real world. This could be as simple as greeting someone new to the game and
making them feel welcome, or as complex as being considerate towards others or expressing
sympathy.

Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below. Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 7-10.
In paediatric circles, gaming in all forms has been found to contribute to children’s emotional (7)
___________ and to familiarise them with social rules and conventions. In particular, MMOs teach
children to function in a structured social setting which encourages (8) ___________ and cooperation.
Specific servers have been created within existing games as (9) ___________ environments, teaching
social and interactive skills which can then be transferred to the (10) ___________ world.
A.confident D. growth G. situation
B. community E. perspective H. protected
C. effective F. communication I. external
Write your answers here:
1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________
6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ___________

VI. WRITING (50 points)

Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the original
one. (10 points)
1. The main speaker spoke with enormous conviction and carried the audience with him.
=> Such ……………………………………………………………………......................................
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. It’s nobody’s fault that the match was cancelled.
=> Nobody is to ……......................………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. If nothing unfortunate happens, I’ll see you next week.
=> All …………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. The moment I saw the dirty state of the restaurant kitchen, I no longer felt hungry.
=> I lost ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. With eyes filled with tears, she begged him to forgive her.
=> With ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Rewrite the following sentences with the given words in such a way that the second sentence has the
same meaning as the first one. Do not change the form of the word in brackets. Write your answers in
the space provided. (10 points).
1. The young actress was very nervous before the audition. (BUTTERFLIES)
=>………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Your attitude will have to change if you want to succeed. (LEAF)
=>……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Bert’s life seemed to go wrong after his parents died. ( RAILS )
=>……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. I wouldn’t confront the manager if I were you. (HORNS)
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=>……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. They say he began without official permission. ( MOTION)
=>……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

You are a student in economics class at Yale University, which is in charge of teacher Miller. Next
week you need some days off for your private stuff. Write a letter to him to ask for a leave of absence.
Your letter should include:

• Your name and class

• The specific dates of your requested leave
• The reason for your absence (be brief and polite)
• A promise to catch up on missed work

Write your name as Anna.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Some people believe that social networking sites are not doing enough to protect users’ privacy.
However, others believe that it is not the responsibility of the sites; instead, users should be more
careful about what they make available online. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or
experience. Write at least 250 words.

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