1.

0 SCOPE AND PURPOSE

1.1 Scope Radwaste Treatment Exchangers
These Standards are intended to apply to shell- Reactor Building Exchangers
and-tube type heat exchangers containing bare or Reboilers and Evaporators
extended surface tubes used primarily in power Residual Heat Removal Exchangers
plants. Turbine Building Exchangers
Some of the commonly used names for the heat
exchangers to which these Standards apply are list- It is not intended that these Standards be applied
ed below. It is not intended that this list be all-inclu- to heat exchange equipment covered by other
sive or that it limit the use of these Standards to HE1 Standards, such as feedwater heaters,
only those heat exchangers named. condensers, etc.
Auxiliary Steam Generators
Bearing Water Coolers 1.2 Purpose
Blowdown Exchangers These Standards have been developed to be used
Bypass Condensers by heat exchanger Purchasers and Manufacturers to
Cleanup Exchangers delineate some of the pertinent thermal, hydraulic,
Component Cooling Water Exchangers and mechanical design features and requirements
Condensate Coolers for heat exchangers used in power plants.
Fuel Oil Heaters It is intended that these Standards provide a basis
Fuel Pool Coolers for a mutual understanding and interpretation of
Fuel Reprocessing Exchangers heat exchanger requirements between the
Geothermal Units Purchaser and Manufacturer and assist in specify-
GlycoWGlycol-Water Heaters ing, designing, and fabricating heat exchangers.
HTGR Exchangers Most of the heat exchangers covered by these
Jacket Water Coolers Standards may also be required to conform to the
Liquid Metal Exchangers Design Specification and the ASME Boiler and
Lube Oil Coolers Pressure Vessel Code, Section 111, Division 1, Class
Preheaters 1,2, or 3, or Section VIII, Division 1or 2.

P' 2.0 DEFINITIONS

2.1 Cleanliness Factor 2.8 Gross Surface

The cleanliness factor is the ratio of the overall The gross surface in the heat exchanger is the
heat transfer coefficient to the clean overall heat total external tube surface.
transfer coefficient.
2.9 Heat Exchanger Approach Temperature
2.2 Code The heat exchanger approach temperature is the
For the Purpose of these Standards, the temperature difference between the hotter fluid
refers to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, ,,it temperatureand the colder fluid entrance
Section 111, Division 1, Class 1, 2, or 3, or Section temperature,
VIII, Division 1or 2.
2.10 Heat Exchanger Boundaries
2.3 Design Point
The set of operating conditions and constraints For the purpose of these Standards, the bound-
which are to be satisfied by the heat exchanger. aries of the heat exchanger extend from the inlet
nozzles to the outlet nozzles on both the shell side
2.4 Design Pressures and the tube side. The boundaries also include
The pressures for which the shell and tube sides of foundation supports welded to the heat exchanger
the exchanger are structurally designed. pressure parts.
2.5 Design Temperatures 2.11 Heat Exchanger Duty
The temperatures for which the shell and tube The heat transferred per unit of time from one
sides of the exchanger are structurally designed. fluid to another.
2.6 Effective Surface 2.12 Logarithmic Mean Temperature
The effective surface in the heat exchanger is the Difference (LMTD)
external tube surface used for heat transfer. The logarithmic mean temperature is a mathe-
2.7 Fouling Resistance matical relationship expressing the integrated ther-
A resistance to heat flow caused by the deposition mal driving potential for transferring heat between
of corrosive products, dirt, or other foreign material the shell side and tube side fluids i n true connter-
on the inside or outside surface of the tubes. flow or parallel flow heat exchangers.
2.13 Mean Temperature Difference (MTD) 2.17 Pressure Loss
The mean temperature difference is the integrat- The pressure loss of a fluid traveling through the
ed thermal driving potential for transferring heat heat exchanger tube side or shell side consists of the
between the shell side and tube side fluids in heat irrecoverable loss in operating pressure as the fluid
exchangers. stream travels from one boundary of the heat
exchanger to the other.
V\
2.14 Operating Pressures The tube side pressure loss includes the loss
The pressures for which the shell and tube sides of through the inlet and outlet nozzles, the channels,
the exchanger are thermally and hydraulically and the tubes. The shell side pressure loss includes
rated. the loss through the inlet and outlet nozzles and the
2.15 Operating Temperatures bundle. The tube or shell side pressure loss does not
include any change in static head.
The temperatures for which the shell and tube
sides of the exchanger are thermally and hydrauli-
cally rated.
2.16 Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
The overall heat transfer coefficientis the average
heat transfer rate between the tube side and shell
side fluids under specified fouling conditions. The
overall heat transfer coefficient is commonly
referred to as the service rate.

3.0 HEAT EXCHANGER PERFORMANCE

3.1 Exchanger Performance Fluid temperature-in.. . "F
Although heat exchangers may be operated under Fluid temperature-out.. . "F
a number of different conditions, the design should (if duty is not specified)
be predicated on one specific set of operating condi- Fluid velocity-maximum @ OF.. . Wsec
tions termed the "design point". For the respective Fluid pressure loss-maximum.. . psi
flow rates and inlet temperatures, the heat transfer Fluid connection sizes... in
requirements must be satisfied by meeting the Design pressure.. . ~ 8 %
respective heat exchanger duty and the outlet tem- Minimum design temperature.. . "F
peratures. For the respective flow rates, the maxi- Maximum design temperature.. . "F
mum allowable pressure losses must not be exceed- Operating pressure ... psia
ed. Fouling resistance.. . hr-ftZ-"FBtu
The procedures of the ASME Power Test Code for (if cleanliness factor is not specified)
the measurement oftemperature, pressure, and flow Corrosion allowance... in
may be followed in evaluating the performance capa- Applicable Code Section/Division/Class...-
bility of any heat exchanger built to these Material requirements.. .
Standards. Steam quality (if applicable)... p-m
Blowdown (if applicable)... lbm/hr
3.1.1 Minimum Data Required to be Supplied
by the Purchaser Thermodynamic properties, including density,
viscosity, specific heat, thermal conductivity,
(1) General information and latent heat, should be provided for fluids
Plant location: where data is not readily available.
Service of unitlitem number:
Position: (horizontal or vertical) (3) Overload and Abnormal Conditions
Arrangement: (single or multiple stream) It is possible that severe loads (either
Space limitations: (overall length or overall hydraulic or thermal) may occur when the
length plus withdrawal clearance) ekchanger is operated at other than the design
Unit type: (U-tube, floating head, removable ~ o i nconditions.
t To ensure that all factors are
bundle, fixed tubesheets, etc.) See Appendix M taken into consideration in the design of a
Heat exchanger duty: (ifoutlet temperatures heat exchanger, the following information
are not specified) Btuhr shall be provided by the Purchaser to enable
Cleanliness factor: (if fouling resistances are the Manufacturer to perform a comprehensive
not specified) fatigue and operability analysis. ij
(2) Tube Side and Shell Side Parameters Mode of Operation
Fluid... Tube side and shell side fluid parameters
Fluid flow rate ... lbm/hr [see 3.1.1(2)1