Introduction

• Artificial intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with

building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human
intelligence.
• While AI is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches, advancements in
machine learning and deep learning, in particular, are creating a paradigm shift in virtually
every sector of the tech industry.
• Artificial intelligence allows machines to model, or even improve upon, the capabilities of
the human mind. And from the development of self-driving cars to the proliferation of
generative AI tools like ChatGPT and Google’s Bard.
Key Points:
• Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the augmentation or approximation of human intelligence
in machines.
• The goals of artificial intelligence include computer-enhanced learning, reasoning, and
perception.
• AI is being used today across different industries from finance to healthcare.
• Weak AI tends to be simple and single-task oriented, while strong AI carries on tasks
that are more complex and human-like.
• Some critics fear that the extensive use of advanced AI can have a negative effect on
society.

• Broadly speaking, artificially intelligent systems can perform tasks commonly

associated with human cognitive functions — such as interpreting speech,
playing games and identifying patterns.
• They typically learn how to do so by processing massive amounts of data,
looking for patterns to model in their own decision-making.
• In many cases, humans will supervise an AI’s learning process, reinforcing good
decisions and discouraging bad ones.
• But some AI systems are designed to learn without supervision — for instance,
by playing a video game over and over until they eventually figure out the rules
and how to win.
Brief history of artificial intelligence
Examples of Artificial Intelligence
Types of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence can be divided into two different categories: weak and strong.

Weak artificial intelligence

• It embodies a system designed to carry out one particular job.
• Weak AI systems include video games such as the chess and personal assistants
such as Amazon's Alexa and Apple's Siri. You ask the assistant a question, and it
answers it for you.

Strong artificial intelligence

• These systems are systems that carry on the tasks considered to be human-like.
These tend to be more complex and complicated systems.
• They are programmed to handle situations in which they may be required to
problem solve without having a person intervene.
• These kinds of systems can be found in applications like self-driving cars or in
hospital operating rooms.
Four types of artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence can be organized in several ways, depending on stages of
development or actions being performed. For instance, four stages of AI development are
commonly recognized.
1: Reactive machines. These AI systems have no memory and are task-specific. An
example is Deep Blue, the IBM chess program that beat Garry Kasparov in the 1990s.
Deep Blue can identify pieces on a chessboard and make predictions, but because it has
no memory, it cannot use past experiences to inform future ones.
2: Limited memory. These AI systems have memory, so they can use past experiences to
inform future decisions. Some of the decision-making functions in self-driving cars are
designed this way.
3: Theory of mind. Theory of mind is a psychology term. When applied to AI, it means the
system would have the social intelligence to understand emotions. This type of AI will be
able to infer human intentions and predict behavior, a necessary skill for AI systems to
become integral members of human teams.
4: Self-awareness. In this category, AI systems have a sense of self, which gives them
consciousness. Machines with self-awareness understand their own current state. This
type of AI does not yet exist.
Applications and use cases for artificial intelligence

• Speech recognition
Automatically convert spoken speech into written text.
• Image recognition
Identify and categorize various aspects of an image.
• Translation
Translate written or spoken words from one language into another.
• Predictive modeling
Mine data to forecast specific outcomes with high degrees of granularity.
• Data analytics
Find patterns and relationships in data for business intelligence.
• Cybersecurity
Autonomously scan networks for cyber attacks and threats.
Advantages of AI
The following are some advantages of AI.
•Good at detail-oriented jobs. AI has proven to be as good or better than doctors at
diagnosing certain cancers, including breast cancer and melanoma.
•Reduced time for data-heavy tasks. AI is widely used in data-heavy industries,
including banking and securities, pharma and insurance, to reduce the time it takes to
analyze big data sets. Financial services, for example, routinely use AI to process loan
applications and detect fraud.
•Saves labor and increases productivity. An example here is the use of warehouse
automation, which grew during the pandemic and is expected to increase with the
integration of AI and machine learning.
•Delivers consistent results. The best AI translation tools deliver high levels of
consistency, offering even small businesses the ability to reach customers in their
native language.
•Can improve customer satisfaction through personalization. AI can personalize
content, messaging, ads, recommendations and websites to individual customers.
•AI-powered virtual agents are always available. AI programs do not need to sleep
or take breaks, providing 24/7 service.
Disadvantages of AI
The following are some disadvantages of AI.

• Expensive.
• Requires deep technical expertise.
• Limited supply of qualified workers to build AI tools.
• Reflects the biases of its training data, at scale.
• Lack of ability to generalize from one task to another.
• Eliminates human jobs, increasing unemployment rates.
Future impact of AI in different sectors
Healthcare:
• AI will play a vital role in the healthcare sector for diagnosing diseases quickly and more
accurately. New drug discovery will be faster and cost-effective with the help of AI.
• It will also enhance the patient engagement in their care and also make ease
appointment scheduling, bill paying, with fewer errors.
• However, apart from these beneficial uses, one great challenge of AI in healthcare is to
ensure its adoption in daily clinical practices.

Cyber security:

• With AI tools, security incidents will be monitored.

• Identification of the origin of cyber-attacks with NLP.
• Automation of rule-based tasks and processes with the help of RPA bots.
• However, being a great technology, it can also be used as a threat by attackers. They can
use AI in a non-ethical way by using automated attacks that may be intangible to defend.
Transportation:
• The fully autonomous vehicle is not yet developed in the transportation sector, but
researchers are reaching in this field.
• AI and machine learning are being applied in the cockpit to help reduce workload,
handle pilot stress and fatigue, and improve on-time performance.
• There are several challenges to the adoption of AI in transportation, especially in
areas of public transportation. There's a great risk of over-dependence on automatic
and autonomous systems.

E-commerce:
• It will positively impact each aspect of the e-commerce sector, ranging from user
experience to marketing and distribution of products.
• We can expect e-commerce with automated warehouse and inventory, shopper
personalization, and the use of chatbots in future.
Employment:
• Nowadays, employment has become easy for job seekers and simple for employers
due to the use of Artificial Intelligence.
• AI has already been used in the job search market with strict rules and algorithms that
automatically reject an employee's resume if it does not fulfil the requirement of the
company.
• It is hoping that the employment process will be driven by most AI-enabled
applications ranging from marking the written interviews to telephonic rounds in the
future.
• For jobseekers, various AI applications are helping build awesome resumes and find
the best job as per your skills, such as Rezi, Jobseeker, etc.
Classification of Machine Learning
At a broad level, machine learning can be classified into three types:

1. Supervised learning
2. Unsupervised learning
3. Reinforcement learning
1) Supervised Learning
• Supervised learning is a type of machine learning method in which we provide sample
labeled data to the machine learning system in order to train it, and on that basis, it
predicts the output.
• The system creates a model using labeled data to understand the datasets and learn about
each data, once the training and processing are done then we test the model by providing a
sample data to check whether it is predicting the exact output or not.
• The goal of supervised learning is to map input data with the output data. The supervised
learning is based on supervision, and it is the same as when a student learns things in the
supervision of the teacher. The example of supervised learning is spam filtering.
Supervised learning can be grouped further in two categories of algorithms:
o Classification
o Regression
2) Unsupervised Learning
• Unsupervised learning is a learning method in which a machine learns without any
supervision.
• The training is provided to the machine with the set of data that has not been labeled,
classified, or categorized, and the algorithm needs to act on that data without any
supervision. The goal of unsupervised learning is to restructure the input data into new
features or a group of objects with similar patterns.
• In unsupervised learning, we don't have a predetermined result. The machine tries to find
useful insights from the huge amount of data.
It can be further classifieds into two categories of algorithms:
o Clustering
o Association
3) Reinforcement Learning
• Reinforcement learning is a feedback-based learning method, in which a learning agent
gets a reward for each right action and gets a penalty for each wrong action.
• The agent learns automatically with these feedbacks and improves its performance.
• In reinforcement learning, the agent interacts with the environment and explores it.
• The goal of an agent is to get the most reward points, and hence, it improves its
performance.

The robotic dog, which automatically learns the movement of his arms, is an example of
Reinforcement learning.
Computer Vision
Desire for Computers to See
• Smartphones have cameras, and taking a photo or video and sharing
it has never been easier, resulting in the incredible growth of
modern social networks like Instagram.
• YouTube might be the second largest search engine and hundreds of
hours of video are uploaded every minute and billions of videos are
watched every day.
• The internet is comprised of text and images. It is relatively
straightforward to index and search text, but in order to index and
search images, algorithms need to know what the images contain.
For the longest time, the content of images and video has remained
opaque, best described using the meta descriptions provided by the
person that uploaded them.
• To get the most out of image data, we need computers to “see” an
image and understand the content.
This is a trivial problem for a human, even young children.
•A person can describe the content of a photograph they have
seen once.
•A person can summarize a video that they have only seen once.
•A person can recognize a face that they have only seen once
before.
We require at least the same capabilities from computers in
order to unlock our images and videos.
Computer vision is the automated extraction of information from
images. Information can mean anything from 3D models, camera
position, object detection and recognition to grouping and
searching image content.
Image
Computer Vision and Image Processing
• Computer vision is distinct from image processing.
• Image processing is the process of creating a new image from an
existing image, typically simplifying or enhancing the content in
some way. It is a type of digital signal processing and is not
concerned with understanding the content of an image.
• A given computer vision system may require image processing to
be applied to raw input, e.g. pre-processing images.

Examples of image processing include:

• Normalizing photometric properties of the image, such as
brightness or color.
• Cropping the bounds of the image, such as centering an object in a
photograph.
• Removing digital noise from an image, such as digital artifacts from
low light levels.
Applications of Computer vision
• Optical character recognition (OCR)
• Machine inspection
• Retail (e.g. automated checkouts)
• 3D model building (photogrammetry)
• Medical imaging
• Automotive safety
• Match move (e.g. merging CGI with live actors in movies)
• Motion capture (mocap)
• Surveillance
• Fingerprint recognition and biometrics
It is a broad area of study with many specialized tasks and techniques,
as well as specializations to target application domains.
 CHALLENGES OF COMPUTER VISION
Incomplete data sets – computers are still struggling to process
incomplete visual data. While humans can fill the blanks based on our
experiences and logical assumptions, computers have not reached
quite that level of intelligence just yet. That is why you will have to
train your computer vision system to do that.

Failure to process images – there are lots of factors that can throw
your system off. Shades, coloration, darkness and light, odd shapes –
all of that may confuse the system causing it to fail. Though a well-
trained system can deal with most of those issues, it might still fail to
process something it did not encounter before.

Trained specialists required – a company trying to adopt this new

technology will need a team of experts in AI and Machine Learning to
train the system. The technology is in its early stage and the systems
require supervision to function properly.
Inadequate hardware-Computer vision technology is implemented
with a combination of software and hardware. To ensure the
system’s effectiveness, a business needs to install high-resolution
cameras, sensors, and bots. This hardware can be costly and, if
suboptimal or improperly installed, can lead to blind spots and
ineffective CV systems.

Time shortage-During the planning phase of the computer vision

project, business managers can tend to overly focus on the model
development stage. They fail to consider the extra time needed for
Setup, configuration, and calibration of the hardware, including
cameras and sensors, Collecting, cleaning, and labeling data.
 Natural language processing (NLP)

• Natural language processing (NLP) is the ability of a computer program to

understand human language as it is spoken and written -- referred to as natural
language. It is a component of artificial intelligence (AI).
• NLP has existed for more than 50 years and has roots in the field of linguistics. It
has a variety of real-world applications in a number of
fields, including medical research, search engines and business intelligence.
Working Of NLP
• NLP enables computers to understand natural language as humans do.
• Whether the language is spoken or written, natural language processing uses artificial
intelligence to take real-world input, process it, and make sense of it in a way a
computer can understand.
• Just as humans have different sensors -- such as ears to hear and eyes to see --
computers have programs to read and microphones to collect audio. And just as
humans have a brain to process that input, computers have a
program to process their respective inputs.
• At some point in processing, the input is converted to code that the computer can
understand.

There are two main phases to natural language processing:

1. Data preprocessing

2.Algorithm development
 Data preprocessing involves preparing and "cleaning" text data for machines to be able to
analyze it. Preprocessing puts data in workable form and highlights features in the text that
an algorithm can work with. There are several ways this can be done, including:

• Tokenization. This is when text is broken down into smaller units to work with.
• Stop word removal. This is when common words are removed from text so unique
words that offer the most information about the text remain.
• Lemmatization and stemming. This is when words are reduced to their root forms
to process.
• Part-of-speech tagging. This is when words are marked based on the part-of speech
they are -- such as nouns, verbs and adjectives.
Once the data has been preprocessed, an algorithm is developed to process it. There
are many different natural language processing algorithms, but two main types are
commonly used:

Rules-based system: This system uses carefully designed linguistic rules. This
approach was used early on in the development of natural language processing,
and is still used.
Machine learning-based system:
• Machine learning algorithms use statistical methods. They learn to perform
tasks based on training data they are fed, and adjust their methods as more
data is processed.
• Using a combination of machine learning, deep learning and neural networks,
natural language processing algorithms make their own rules through repeated
processing and learning.
 Need of NLP
• Businesses use massive quantities of unstructured, text-heavy data and need a way to efficiently process it.
• A lot of the information created online and stored in databases is natural human language, and until
recently, businesses could not effectively analyse this data. This is where natural language processing is
useful.
• The advantage of natural language processing can be seen when considering the following two
statements: "Cloud computing insurance should be part of every service-level agreement," and,
"A good SLA ensures an easier night's sleep -- even in the cloud." If a user relies on natural language
processing for search, the program will recognize that cloud computing is an entity, that cloud is an
abbreviated form of cloud computing and that SLA is an industry acronym for service- level agreement.

• These are the types of vague elements that frequently appear in human language and that machine learning
algorithms have historically been bad at interpreting. Now, with improvements in deep learning and machine
learning methods, algorithms can effectively interpret them. These improvements expand the breadth and
depth of data that can be analyzed.
Above figure showing some key areas in which a business can use
natural language processing (NLP).
Techniques and methods of natural language processing

Syntax and semantic analysis are two main techniques used with natural
language processing.

• Syntax is the arrangement of words in a sentence to make grammatical

sense. NLP uses syntax to assess meaning from a language based on
grammatical rules.
• Semantics involves the use of and meaning behind words. Natural language
processing applies algorithms to understand the meaning and structure of
sentences. Semantics techniques include:

Three tools used commonly for natural language processing include Natural
Language Toolkit (NLTK), Gensim and Intel natural language processing
Architect.
Applications of NLP
Some of the main functions that natural language processing algorithms perform are:
• Text classification. This involves assigning tags to texts to put them in categories. This

can be useful for sentiment analysis, which helps the natural language processing
algorithm determine the sentiment, or emotion behind a text.
• Text extraction. This involves automatically summarizing text and finding important
pieces of data. One example of this is keyword extraction, which pulls the most
important words from the text, which can be useful for search engine optimization.
• Machine translation. This is the process by which a computer translates text
from one language, such as English, to another language, such as French, without human
intervention.
• Natural language generation. One example of this is in language models such as
GPT3, which are able to analyze an unstructured text and then generate believable
articles based on the text.
The functions listed above are used in a variety of real-world applications, including:

• customer feedback analysis -- where AI analyzes social media reviews

• customer service automation -- where voice assistants on the other end of a customer service phone
line are able to use speech recognition to understand what the customer is saying, so that it can direct
the call correctly
• automatic translation -- using tools such as Google Translate, Bing Translator and Translate Me
• academic research and analysis -- where AI is able to analyze huge amounts of academic material and
research papers not just based on the metadata of the text, but the text itself
• analysis and categorization of medical records -- where AI uses insights to predict, and ideally
prevent, disease
• word processors used for plagiarism and proofreading -- using tools such as Grammarly and
Microsoft Word
• stock forecasting and insights into financial trading -- using AI to analyze market history and 10-K
documents, which contain comprehensive summaries about a company's financial performance;
• talent recruitment in human resources
 Benefits of natural language processing
• The main benefit of NLP is that it improves the way humans and computers
communicate with each other.
• The most direct way to manipulate a computer is through code -- the computer's
language. By enabling computers to understand human language, interacting with
computers becomes much more intuitive for humans.

Other benefits include:

• improved accuracy and efficiency of documentation;
• ability to automatically make a readable summary of a larger, more complex original
text;
• useful for personal assistants such as Alexa, by enabling it to understand spoken
word;
• enables an organization to use chatbots for customer support;
• easier to perform sentiment analysis; and
• provides advanced insights from analytics that were previously unreachable due to
data volume.
Challenges of natural language processing
• Precision. Computers traditionally require humans to "speak" to them in a programming
language that is precise, unambiguous and highly structured -- or through a limited
number of clearly enunciated voice commands. Human speech, however, is not always
precise; it is often ambiguous and the linguistic structure can depend on many complex
variables, including slang, regional dialects and social context.
• Tone of voice and inflection. Natural language processing has not yet been perfected. For
example, semantic analysis can still be a challenge. Other difficulties include the fact that
the abstract use of language is typically tricky for programs to understand. For
instance, natural language processing does not pick up sarcasm easily.
• Evolving use of language. Natural language processing is also challenged by the fact that
language -- and the way people use it -- is continually changing.
The evolution of natural language processing
Conclusion

Natural language processing plays a vital part in technology and the way humans
interact with it. It is used in many real-world applications in both the business and
consumer spheres, including chatbots, cybersecurity, search engines and big data
analytics.
OR
• Chatbots are software applications that simulate human
conversation.
• They follow a set of pre-designed rules to mimic real-life interactions and
answer customer questions.
• In addition, chatbots that use artificial intelligence (AI) and natural
language processing (NLP) can analyze these interactions at an almost
human level.
• With chatbots, you can instantly engage website visitors with specific
messages tailored to each visitor.

• You can also build specific chatbots for each website page or target
audience based on who they are, where they came from, what content
they are engaging with, and what stage of the buying journey they are in
NEED FOR CHATBOTS
Chatbots were created to help alleviate pain points customers frequently bumped
into in their online buying experience. And they are especially important now, given
how much B2B buying happens online. Today, buyers prefer to research products
and services on their own time, and they also expect companies to deliver accurate
and relevant responses at lightning-fast speeds. As the numbers show:

• In 2021, buyer frustration with accessing basic business information grew by

20%.
• Buyer expectations for quick, personalized experiences have grown by 26% since
2020.
• The demand for immediate responses grew in almost every conversation
category by 64% year-over-year.
• As buying journeys grow more complex, removing friction from the digital experience is
essential. Chatbots enhance the buyer and customer experience by providing a channel
for site visitors to interact with brands 24/7 without the need for human intervention.
• With the help of chatbots, companies can rise to meet the expectation of a
personalized, always-on experience. And only companies that do so will succeed in
differentiating themselves from their competitors and becoming leaders in their
markets.
TYPES OF CHATBOTS

One of the most interesting things about chatbot software is the variety of chatbots out there.
There are three types of chatbots that most consumers see today:

1.Rule-based chatbots:
• These chatbots map out conversations through predetermined rules. Rule-based chatbots
respond to specific pre-defined options or keywords which allow them to guide the
conversation based on the site visitor’s inputs.
• Keep in mind, though, that a rule-based chatbot is limited to its pre-determined rules. So it
can only act or respond to things that have been anticipated.
2.AI chatbots:
• Unlike rule-based chatbots, AI chatbots are trained to analyze and understand a site
visitor’s intent, then deliver the answer they think is best based on existing data.
• With a Conversational AI platform, you can give site visitors the freedom to guide the
conversation in their own words. What’s more, these chatbots continue to learn and
refine their responses as they collect more and more conversational data.
3.Live chat – These chatbots are primarily used by sales and sales development teams
to connect with site visitors for real-time conversations. Customer support
organizations also use live chat software to answer questions in real time.

As you can see, the way these chatbots work varies quite a bit — and they help your
business in different ways. For example, an AI chatbot can help your sales team focus
on high-intent conversations, whereas a live chat solution helps you better serve your
customers. Ultimately, what chatbot you choose to use will depend on the goals you
have.
WORKING OF CHATBOTS

• Chatbots process the data provided by the site visitor to generate the right
response.
• They help answer questions and offer next steps, such as scheduling a demo,
booking a call, or making a purchase. Best of all, they’re active 24/7, whether
your sales team is online or not.
In short, a well-designed chatbot will:
• Use existing conversation data to understand the type of questions people ask.
• Analyze correct answers to those questions.
• Use machine learning and NLP to learn context, and continually get better at
answering those questions.
BENEFITS OF CHATBOTS

• Increase website engagement with personalization

• Leverage visitor intelligence for better conversations
• Give high-value accounts the red carpet experience
• Prioritize customer prospecting with real-time notifications
• Generate more qualified leads
• Combat customer churn
• Chat live when needed
COMMON CHATBOT CHALLENGES

• Misinterpreting messages
• Not recognizing visitors
• Missing key opportunities
• Limited conversation options
• Lacking personalization
• Need to be maintained
Conclusion

• Today’s chatbots are constantly evolving and improving —

but it’s hard to predict what challenges may crop up in the
future.
• The good news is a lot of the challenges that we’ve listed
here can be solved with Drift Conversational Sales which
offers custom and AI-enabled chatbots that follow chatbot
best practices, such as having built-in intelligence tools,
sending real-time notifications, and more.
Specific fields in which deep learning is currently being used include the following:

•Customer experience (CX). Deep learning models are already being used for chatbots. And, as
it continues to mature, deep learning is expected to be implemented in various businesses to
improve CX and increase customer satisfaction.

•Text generation. Machines are being taught the grammar and style of a piece of text and are
then using this model to automatically create a completely new text matching the proper
spelling, grammar and style of the original text.

•Aerospace and military. Deep learning is being used to detect objects from satellites that
identify areas of interest, as well as safe or unsafe zones for troops.

•Industrial automation. Deep learning is improving worker safety in environments like factories
and warehouses by providing services that automatically detect when a worker or object is
getting too close to a machine.

•Adding color.Color can be added to black-and-white photos and videos using deep learning
models. In the past, this was an extremely time-consuming, manual process.

•Medical research. Cancer researchers have started implementing deep learning into their
practice as a way to automatically detect cancer cells.

•Computer vision. Deep learning has greatly enhanced computer vision, providing computers
with extreme accuracy for object detection and image classification, restoration and
segmentation.
Cognitive Computing
1.INTRODUCTION
Applications of Cognitive Computing
1. Banking and Finance
• In the banking industry, cognition will help to improve operational efficiency,
customer engagement, and experience, as well as grow revenues. Deeper
contextual engagement, new analytics insights, and enterprise transformation
will completely reshape banking and financial institutions.
• Examples of such transformation include performing various banking
transactions digitally, opening a new retail account, and processing claims and
loans in minutes. Cognitive banking will provide personalized support to
customers, allowing them to choose personalized investment plans based on
whether they are risk-averse or risk-takers.
• It will also provide personalized engagement between the financial institution
and the customer by dealing with each customer individually and focusing on
their needs.
2. Retail Business
• Cognitive computing has a lot of potential applications in the retail industry.
E-commerce sites have successfully integrated cognitive analytics; they
collect some basic information from customers about the basic details of the
product they are looking for, then analyze the large available data and
recommend products to the customer.
• Cognitive computing has given retailers the tools they need to build
more agile businesses through demand forecasting, price optimization, and
website design. Apart from e-commerce platforms, cognition can also be very
useful for in-store shopping.
3. Logistics
• Cognition is the new frontier in transportation, logistics, and supply chain. In the
warehousing process, cognition aids in the compilation of storage code, automatic
picking with an automated guided vehicle, and the use of warehouse robots all help
to improve work efficiency.
• The Internet of Things will aid in warehouse infrastructure management, inventory
optimization, and warehouse operations, and the autonomous guided vehicle can be
used for picking and putting operations.
• Aside from IoT, another important technology is Wearable Devices, which help to
convert all objects into sensors and augment human decision-making and
warehouse operations. These devices have progressed from smartwatches to
smart clothes, smart glasses, computing devices, exoskeletons, ring scanners, and
voice recognition.
4. Cyber Security
• Cognitive algorithms will aid in the prevention of cyber attacks (or cognitive
hacking), making customers less susceptible to manipulation and providing a
technical solution to detect any misleading data and disinformation.
• With the increase in volumetric data, the rise in cyber attacks, and the scarcity of
skilled cybersecurity experts, we require modern methods such as cognitive
computing to combat these cyber threats. The industry's major security players have
already introduced cognitive-based services for cyber threat detection and security
analytics.
• These cognitive systems not only detect threats, but also assess systems, scan for
vulnerabilities, and recommend actions. The other side of the coin is that large
volumes of data are required for cognitive computing; however, ensuring the privacy
of the data is a challenge.
5. Power and Energy
• The new intelligent future is referred to as 'Smart Power.' The oil and gas industry is
under enormous cost pressure to find, produce, and distribute crude oil and
byproducts.
• Energy companies make critical decisions involving large sums of money, such as
which site to explore, how to perform resource allocation, and how much to
produce. For a long time, this decision was made based on the data collected and
stored, as well as the project team's expertise and intuition.
• This technology will assist us in making important future decisions such as
commercially viable oil wells, ways to make existing power plants more efficient,
and will also provide a competitive advantage to existing power companies.
6. Healthcare
• Recent advances in cognitive analytics have assisted medical
professionals in making better treatment decisions, increasing their
efficiency and improving patient outcomes.
• It is a self-learning algorithm that relies on real-time patient information,
medical transcripts, and other data to use machine learning algorithms,
data mining techniques, visual recognition, and natural language
processing.
• Cognitive computing in healthcare connects human and machine
functioning, where computers and the human brain truly overlap to improve
human decision-making. This enables doctors and other medical
professionals to better diagnose and treat their patients, and it also aids in
the development of customized treatment modules.
7. Education
• Cognitive computing will fundamentally alter the way the education industry
operates. It has already begun to implement a few of the changes. It will alter
the way schools, colleges, and universities operate, and it will aid in the
provision of personalized study materials to students.
• A cognitive assistant can provide personal tutorials to students, guide them
through coursework, and assist students in understanding certain critical
concepts at their own pace.
• It can serve as a career counselor. Cognitive analytics will benefit not only
students but also teachers, support staff, and administrative staff in
providing better service, preparing student reports, and providing feedback.
Best Cognitive Computing Tools

1.TCS IgnooTM Cheetah

2.AlphaGo by Google

3.Cortex certifai by Cognitivecale

4.Iris by Apixio

5.Cognitionsparks
Cognitive IoT
Example:
• The food storage sector is an important area that requires access to real time data and
predictive analytics methods for maintaining food health, cognitive IoT is the best
solution that provides on a platter such facilities.
• The temperature and environment of food storage units are continuously monitored
with the help of sensors, further all the data is transferred to a cloud through
streaming analytics method.
• In the cloud data is broken down and assorted using predictive analytics method it is
displayed to customers/stakeholders in readable formats.
• This enables quality monitoring quick, easy and reliable. It facilitates smooth
movement of export and import of food within and across borders.
Use case:
• E-commerce across the globe is a trendy business technique that provides a platform for
all users/buyers an easy access to purchase all they want without physical attendance to
a store!

• All e-commerce businesses are up to transitioning cloud computing to edge computing.

Up until now, these IoT devices stayed connected and offered data transmissions but
now steadily cognition is being introduced into IoT that enable access to real time data
for viable business strategies and solution in business intelligence.

• At Factana automation company in Bangalore provide on similar lines, cognitive IoT

industrial solutions to enterprise organizations, institutions and public service agencies
that wish to change the face of business intelligence with cost effective and viable
management.
Application
Benefits of Cognitive Computing in loT

Overcome Complexity
• Ingestion of 4V (volume, variety, velocity, veracity) data esp., unstructured ones
• Uncover hidden relationships (Bad weather -7 Tweets -7 Extract Insights)
Getting the Big Picture
• Extract & Correlate patterns, concepts & relationships across content
• Expansion of concepts
Augment our Senses
• Converse in natural language
• Deeper understanding of the individual & group
• Chip modeled on the brain
Support Discovery & Decision Making
• Hypotheses based inferences
• Offer contextual insights
• Support a t point of decision making
Conclusion
• cognitive IoT is the happening development of the current epoch and is an effective
solution to practical problems of manually dealing with enormous data.

• It is important to note that Cognitive IoT is not in the race to replace human
employments but is rather present to work alongside and assist in managing workload at
effective rates.