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CMSB 12 Physics Project 1

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42 views

CMSB 12 Physics Project 1

Uploaded by

athiyanathiyanaathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 12

CENTRAL MODEL SCHOOL,

BARRACKPORE
AISSCE,CBSE.
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT FILE.

NAME : ANUBHAB SEN


CLASS : 12
BOARD ROLL NUMBER :
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that, Anubhab Sen, Student
of Class 12 Science[c] has successfully
completed research on the project
“DETERMINE THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF
DIFFERENT MATERIAL ( EX- WATER,
BENZALDEHYDE ETC) WITH THE HELP OF
HOLLOW PRISM”.

Under the guidance of Mr.Nani Gopal Patra in


partial fulfillment of the curriculum of
Central Board of Secondary Education leading
to the award of annual examination of the
year.

 SUBJECT TEACHER : _________


 EXTERNAL EXAMINER : __________
 PRINCIPAL : ___________
 VICE PRINCIPAL : ___________
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks to


my Physics Teacher as well as our principal
who gave me the golden opportunity to do
this wonderful project on the topic
“DETERMINE THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF
DIFFERENT MATERIAL ( EX- WATER,
BENZALDEHYDE ETC) WITH THE HELP OF
HOLLOW PRISM” which also helped me in
doing a lot of Research and I came to know
about so many new things I am really
thankful to them.

Secondly, I would also like to thank my


parents and friends who helped me a lot in
finalizing the project within the limited time
frame.
CONTENT

 Aim of the project


 Apparatus Required
 Theory
 Procedure
 Observations
 Conclusions
 Precautions
 Bibliography
Aim
To find out the refractive indices of different
liquids using a hollow prism.

Apparatus Required
 Hollow glass prism
 Various liquids like water , carbon disulphide
, benzaldehyde etc.
 Bell pins
 Drawing board
Theory
A prism is a transparent optical element with flat,
polished surfaces that
refract light. Prisms
can be made from
any material that is
transparent including
glass, plastic and
fluorite. A prism can
be used to break light
up into its
constituent spectral colors. Prism can also be used to
reflect light, or to split light into components with
different polarizations.
The refractive index of the liquid is given by the formula.
U=sin i/sin r=sin((a+d)/2)sin(a/2)
Where,
U=refractive index of the liquid
a=the angle of minimum deviation
d=angle of prism
i=angle of incidence
r=angle of refraction
Procedure

 Fix a white sheet of paper on the drawing


board with help of drawing pins.
 Keep the prism and mark the outline of it as
ABC.
 Drop a normal PQ on the side AB.
 Draw the angle of incidence in accordance
with normal PQ and place 2 pins so that they
appear to be in the straight line.
 Place the prism filled with given sample of
liquid on the marked outline ABC.
 Now take the prism and place them on the
side AC so that all the 4 pins appear to be in
same line.
 Remove the prism and draw the line joining
the points so obtained
 Mark the diagram as show in the figure.
 Repeat this with different liquids and different
angle of incidence.
Observations
 Benzaldehyde
S.no a o(angle of i o(angle of d o(angle of
prism) incidence) deviation)
1 60 30 45
2 60 35 42
3 60 37.5 40
4 60 39 42
5 60 40 45

U=sin((60+40)/2)/sin(30)
= 1.504

 Water
S.no a o(angle of i o(angle of d o(angle of
prism) incidence) deviation)
1 60 30 25
2 60 35 22
3 60 40 20
4 60 45 22
5 60 50 25
6 60 55 28

U= sin((60+22)/2)/sin(30)
=1.306
 Dilute Sulphuric Acid
S.no a o(angle of i o(angle of d o(angle of
prism) incidence) deviation)
1 60 20 33
2 60 30 30
3 60 35 25
4 60 40 29
5 60 45 30

U= sin((60+25)/2)/sin(30)

= 1.351
Conclusions

Refractive indices at room temperature :

 Benzaldehyde
o Actual : 1.546
o Experimental : 1.504

 Water
o Actual : 1.33
o Experimental : 1.306

 Dilute Sulphuric Acid


o Actual : 1.355
o Experimental : 1.351
Precautions
 Angle of incidence should lie between 35
– 90 degree.

 Pins should be vertically fixed and should


lie in the same line.

 Distance between two points should not


be less than 10mm.

 Same angle of prism should be used for all


observation.

 Arrow head should be marked to


represent emergent and incident ray.
Bibliography

 http://www.cbseportal.com

 Wikipedia

 Books.google.co.in

 https://www.scribd.com

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