AMC ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, Karnataka)

18th K.M, Bannerghatta Main Road, Bengaluru-560083

DEPARTMENT OF CSE – AIML ENGINEERING

LABORATORY MANUAL

(Effective from the academic year 2024-2025)

Prepared by,
Mrs. Swathi S A
Assistant Professor
Department of CSE – AIML

Compiled by,
Dr. Nandeeswar S B
Head of the Department
Department of CSE – AIML

VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

“Jnana Sangama”, BELAGAVI – 590 018
KARNATAKA
 COLLEGE VISION
“To be a leader in imparting value Based Technical Education and Research for the benefit of
society”

COLLEGE MISSION
 To provide state of the art Infrastructure facilities.

 To implement modern Pedagogical Methods in delivering the Academic Programs with

Experienced and Committed Faculty.

 To create a Vibrant Ambience that promotes Learning, Research, Invention and Innovation.

 To undertake Skill Development Programs for Academic Institutions and Industries.

 To Enhance Industry Institute Interaction through Collaborative Research and Consultancy.

 To Relentlessly Pursue Professional Excellence with Ethical and Moral Values.

DEPARTMENT VISION

Be a premier department in the field of Computer Science & Engineering - Artificial

Intelligence & Machine Learning (CSE - AIML) to meet the technological challenges of
the society.

DEPARTMENT MISSION
MD1: To facilitate state of the art infrastructure by providing exposure to the latest AI
tools used in a technically competent society.

MD2: To strive for academic excellence through research in Artificial Intelligence &
Machine Learning with creative teaching-learning pedagogy.

MD3: To establish Industry Institute Interaction and make students ready for the
Industrial environment.
MD4: To transform students into entrepreneurial, technically competent, socially
responsible, and ethical AI professional.

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEO)

 Graduates possess advanced knowledge of Computer Science & Engineering – Artificial
PEO 1
Intelligence & Machine Learning and excel in leadership roles to serve the society.
Graduates of the program will apply Artificial Intelligence enabled Computer Engineering
PEO 2 tools in core technologies for improving knowledge in the Interdisciplinary Research and
Entrepreneurs.
PEO 3 Graduates adapt Value-Based Proficiency in solving Real Time problems.

PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)

Professional Skills: Ability of applying the Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning
PSO-1 knowledge, Computing Concepts, Data Structure, Computer Hardware, Computer Networks
and Suitable Algorithm.
Software Skills: Ability to build Artificial Intelligence enabled Software Engineering
PSO-2 System with Development Life Cycle by using analytical knowledge in Computer Science
& Engineering and applying modern methodologies.

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POS)

Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
PO1 fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
PO2 engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems
and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with
PO3
appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.
Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and
PO4 research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions
Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
PO5 modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
PO6 assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering
PO7 solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of,
and need for sustainable development.
Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
PO8
and norms of the engineering practice.
Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
PO9
leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend
PO10
and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and
give and receive clear instructions.
 Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
PO11 engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a
member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
PO12 engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.

Rubrics for assessing student’s performance in Laboratory courses

 The internals marks of lab for 2022 scheme is 15 Marks for Continuous Evaluation and 10 Marks
for Lab Internals.
Sl Parameters Mark 10-8 7-5 4-2 1-0
No
1. Writing Program/Logic 10 The student is The student is The student The student is
(present able to write able to write the haswritten not
week’s/previous the program program with incomplete attempted to
week’s) without any minor logical program with writ
Logical and error major logical eprogram.
syntactical and syntactical
error and error
proper
indentation is
followed.
2. Implementation in the 10 Student is Student is able Student is The student
target language with ableto execute, to execute the Executed the Has not
different inputs debug, and program, but program executed the
test the fails to debug, partially(fails to program.
program forall and test the meet desired
possible program for all output)
inputs/test possible
cases. inputs/test
cases.
Parameters 10 10-8 7-5 4-2 1-0
3. Record & Viva 10 Student Student Student failed to The student
submitted the submitted the submit the not submitted
record on time record on time record on time the record &
and well but not & answered for fails to
documented documented 40% of answer viva.
with all properly with all questions in
possible output possible Viva
and answered outputs and
80% of answered 60%
questions of questions.
4. Internal Assessment 20

Continuous Evaluation for 2022 scheme:

Programming Assignments
 BAIL504: Data Visualization Lab
Course objectives
Upon completion of this course, students are expected to:

1. Understand the Importance of data Visualization for business intelligence and decision making.
2. Learn different approaches to understand the importance of visual perception.
3. Learn different data visualization techniques and tools.
4. Gain knowledge of effective data visuals to solve workplace problems.
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:

BAIL504.1 Understand the fundamentals of Tableau and Power BI, including interfaces,
terminologies, and basic functionalities.
BAIL504.2 Connect and import data from various sources, demonstrating proficiency in
data integration using Tableau and Power BI.
BAIL504.3 Design the experiment to create basic charts and graphs using Tableau and
Power BI.
BAIL504.4 Develop the solution for the given real-world problem.
BAIL504.5 Analyze the results and produce substantial written documentation.

COs and POs Mapping of lab Component

COURSE
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3
OUTCOMES
CO1 3 3 3 3 3 - - - 2 2 2 2 - - -
CO2 3 3 3 3 3 - - - 2 2 2 2 - - -
CO3 3 3 3 3 3 - - - 2 2 2 2 - - -
CO4 3 3 3 3 3 - - - 2 2 2 2 - - -
CO5 3 3 3 3 3 - - - 2 2 2 2 - - -
 Mapping of ‘Graduate Attributes’ (GAs) and ‘Program Outcomes’ (POs)

Graduate Attributes (GAs)

Program Outcomes (POs)
(As per Washington Accord
(As per NBA New Delhi)
Accreditation)
Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals
Engineering Knowledge and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems

Identify, formulate, review research literature and analyze complex

Problem Analysis engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural sciences and engineering sciences.

Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system

components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate
Design/Development of solutions
considerations for the public health and safety and the cultural, societal and
environmental consideration.

Use research – based knowledge and research methods including design of

Conduct Investigation of complex
experiments, analysis and interpretation of data and synthesis of the
problems
information to provide valid conclusions.

Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources and modern

Modern Tool Usage engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.

Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess society,

The engineer and society health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequential responsibilities
relevant to the professional engineering practice.

Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in societal

Environment and sustainability and environmental context and demonstrate the knowledge of and need for
sustainable development.
Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
Ethics
responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
Function effectively as an individual and as a member or leader in diverse
Individual and team work
teams and in multidisciplinary settings.

Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the

engineering community and with society at large, such as being able to
Communication
comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make
effective presentations and give and receive clear instructions.

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering and

Project management & finance management principles and apply these to ones won work, as a member and
leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.

Recognize the need for and have the preparation and ability to engage in
Life Long Learning
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.
REVISED BLOOMS TAXONOMY (RBT)
 Program List
Sl. Program Description Page No.
NO.
1. Getting Started - Tableau Workspace, Tableau terminologies, basic functionalities. 22
2. Connecting to Data Source – Connecting to Database, Different types of Tableau Joins. 26
3. Creating a View - formatting charts, adding filters, creating calculated fields and defining 30
parameters.
4. Dashboard Design and Storytelling – Components of Dashboard, Understanding 35
how to place worksheets in Containers, Action filters and its types.
5. Introducing Power BI –Components and the flow of work. Power BI Desktop Interface 44
The Report has five main areas.
6. Querying Data from CSV - Query Editor, Connecting the data from the Excel Source,
Clean, Transform the data. 50
7. Creating Reports & Visualizations - Different types of charts, Formatting charts with Title,
Colors. 59
8. Dashboards - Filters in Power BI, Formatting dashboards.
69
Analysis of revenue in sales dataset:
9. i) Create a choropleth map (fill the map) to spot the special trends to show the state which
has the highest revenue.
ii) Create a line chart to show the revenue based on the month of the year. 72
iii) Create a bin of size 10 for the age measure to create a new dimension to show the revenue.
iv) Create a donut chart view to show the percentage of revenue per region by creating
zero access in the calculated field.
v) Create a butterfly chart by reversing the bar chart to compare female & male revenue
based on product category.
vi) Create a calculated field to show the average revenue per state & display profitable
& non-profitable state.
Build a dashboard.
10. Analysis of GDP dataset:
i) Visualize the countries data given in the dataset with respect to latitude and
longitude along with country name using symbol maps.
ii) Create a bar graph to compare GDP of Belgium between 2006 – 2026.
iii) Using pie chart, visualize the GDP of India, Nepal, Romania, South Asia, Singapore by 79
the year 2010.
Visualize the countries Bhutan & Costa Rica competing in terms of GDP.
v) Create a scatter plot or circle views of GDP of Mexico, Algeria, Fiji, Estonia from 2004
to 2006.
Build an interactive dashboard
11. Analysis of HR Dataset:
i) Create KPI to show employee count, attrition count, attrition rate, attrition count,
active employees, and average age.
ii) Create a Lollipop Chart to show the attrition rate based on gender category. 82
iii) Create a pie chart to show the attrition percentage based on Department
Category- Drag department into colours and change automatic to pie. Entire view,
Drag attrition count to angle. Label attrition count, change to percent, add total also,
edit label.
iv) Create a bar chart to display the number of employees by Age group,
 v) Create a highlight table to show the Job Satisfaction Rating for each job role based on
employee count.
vi) Create a horizontal bar chart to show the attrition count for each Education field
Education field wise attrition – drag education field to rows, sum attrition count to
col,
Create multiple donut chart to show the Attrition Rate by Gender for different Age group.
12. Analysis of Amazon Prime Dataset:
i) Create a Donut chart to show the percentage of movie and tv shows
ii) Create a area chart to shows by release year and type 86
iii) Create a horizontal bar chart to show Top 10 genre
iv) Create a map to display total shows by country
v) Create a text sheet to show the description of any movie/movies.
Build an interactive Dashboard.

Introduction to Various Data Visualization tools

Data visualization is the practice of translating information into a visual context, such as a map or graph, to
make data easier for the human brain to understand and pull insights from. It is the representation of
information and data through use of common graphics, such as charts, plots, infographics, and animations.
Data visualization is a powerful way for people, especially data professionals, to display data so that it can be
interpreted easily.
Data Visualization enables decision-makers of any enterprise or industry to look into analytical reports and
understand concepts that might otherwise be difficult to grasp.
Benefits of Data Visualization:
1. It is easy to understand the information with graphics
2. It made data to be represented in attractive way
3. Shows complex relationships
4. Helps to process large datasets
5. Useful for identifying trends
6. Minimizes ambiguity
Data visualization tools provide the ability to see and understand data trends, outliers, and patterns in an
easy, intuitive way. There are various data visualization tools available. One must choose the tool based on
various factors such as its ease of use, types of graphical representations the tool can produce, size of the
dataset the tool can handle etc. some of Data Visualization tools are Tableau, Power BI, Google Charts,
Jupyter, Grafana etc.
The following are some common types of data visualizations:
Table: A table is data displayed in rows and columns, which can be easily created in a Word document or
Excel spreadsheet.
Chart or graph: Information is presented in tabular form with data displayed along an x and y axis, usually
with bars, points, or lines, to represent data in comparison.
Geospatial visualization: Data is depicted in map form with shapes and colours that illustrate the
relationship between specific locations, such as a choropleth or heat map.
Dashboard: Data and visualizations are displayed, usually for business purposes, to help analysts
understand and present data.
Introduction to Tableau and Installation
Tableau is a data visualization tool that provides pictorial and graphical representations of data. It is used for
data analytics and business intelligence. Tableau provides limitless data exploration without interrupting flow
of analysis. With an intuitive drag and drop interface, user can uncover hidden insights in data and make
smarter decisions faster.

Tableau is a Business Intelligence tool for visually analyzing the data. Users can create and distribute an
interactive and shareable dashboard, which depict the trends, variations, and density of the data in the form
of graphs and charts. Tableau can connect to files, relational and Big Data sources to acquire and process data.
The software allows data blending and real-time collaboration, which makes it very unique. It is used by
businesses, academic researchers, and many government organizations for visual data analysis. It is also
positioned as a leader Business Intelligence and Analytics Platform in Gartner Magic Quadrant.
As a leading data visualization tool, Tableau has many desirable and unique features. Its powerful data
discovery and exploration application allows you to answer important questions in seconds. You can use
Tableau's drag and drop interface to visualize any data, explore different views, and even combine multiple
databases easily. It does not require any complex scripting. Anyone who understands the business problems
can address it with a visualization of the relevant data. After analysis, sharing with others is as easy as
publishing to Tableau Server.
Tableau Features
 Speed of Analysis − As it does not require high level of programming expertise, any user with access
to data can start using it to derive value from the data.
 Self-Reliant − Tableau does not need a complex software setup. The desktop version which is used
by most users is easily installed and contains all the features needed to start and complete data analysis.
 Visual
Discovery − The user
explores and
analyzes the data by
using visual tools like
colors, trend lines,
charts, and
graphs. There is very
little script to be
written as nearly
everything is done
by drag and drop.
  Blend Diverse Data Sets − Tableau allows you to blend different relational, semi structured and raw
data sources in real time, without expensive up-front integration costs. The users don’t need to know
the details of how data is stored.
 Architecture Agnostic − Tableau works in all kinds of devices where data flows. Hence, the user
need not worry about specific hardware or software requirements to use Tableau.
 Real-Time Collaboration − Tableau can filter, sort, and discuss data on the fly and embed a live
dashboard in portals like SharePoint site or Salesforce. You can save your view of data and allow
colleagues to subscribe to your interactive dashboards so they see the very latest data just by refreshing
their web browser.
 Centralized Data − Tableau server provides a centralized location to manage all of the organization’s
published data sources. You can delete, change permissions, add tags, and manage schedules in one
convenient location. It’s easy to schedule extract refreshes and manage them in the data server.
Administrators can centrally define a schedule for extracts on the server for both incremental and full
refreshes.

Working on Tableau ---Some important screen shots and steps of sheets (NotRelated to
Programs )

Connecting to Data and preparing data for visualization in Tableau

Tableau supports connecting to a wide variety of data, stored in a variety of places. For example, data might
be stored on computer in a spread sheet or a text file, or in a big data, relational, or cube (multidimensional)
database on a server in enterprise or the data can be from a public domain available on the web.
Data can be imported in Tableau Public from Connect panel on left side. For example, an Excel sample data
set was loaded into Tableau as follows:
After clicking on open, screen is as follows:

The data store page appears as above. The left pan shows that above dataset consists of 3 worksheets. If we
drag orders table, screen appears as follows: Tableau automatically identifies the data type of each column.
 Now drag Returns table onto the Canvas to the right of Orders table. This shows the relation between the two
tables Orders and Returns.
If we click on the link between Orders and Returns table names at the top gives the summary of the
relationship between the tables. Now rename the data store and click on Sheet1 at the bottom left to proceed.
This step creates a data extract which improves query performance.

Data aggregation and statistical functions

We can apply various aggregation and statistical functions on data such as count, minimum, maximum,
standard deviation, variance etc. This is shown below. This can be done by right clicking on the required field
of dataset, click on Default properties and click on aggregation
 Or the above operation can be done by creating a calculated field as shown below. To create a calculated field,
click on the down arrow button beside search tab above Tables panel, drag a field to that calculated field window.

Then click on apply and results are shown below:

In the same way we can apply any aggregate or statistical function on data with the help of calculated fields.
Data Visualization
We can perform various visualization operations on data in Tableau. Some of them are bar cart, histogram,
bubble chart, gantt chart, scatter plot, heat map etc.
Bar chart:
Bar charts can be created in 3 variations in Tableau: Horizontal bars, stacked bars, side-by-side bars.
Horizontal bars can be created by selecting that type of chart from Show Me menu on right hand side of
Canvas. The type of chart in box on right hand side represents horizontal bar graph.

Side-by-side bar chart can be created in following way.

Line graph: Line graph can be continuous or discrete.

Discrete line graph is shown below:

16
 Pie chart:

Bubble chart:

17
Dashboards
Dashboard is a way of displaying various types of visual data in one place. Usually, a dashboard is intended to
convey different, but related information in an easy-to-digest form. And oftentimes, this includes things like key
performance indicators (KPI)s or other important business metrics that stakeholders need to see and understand
at a glance.
Dashboards are useful across different industries and verticals because they’re highly customizable. They can
include data of all sorts with varying date ranges to help you understand: what happened, why it happened, what
may happen, and what action should be taken.
For example, category of sales across months in a year, region is the field added. The first view is shown below.
This can be renamed at the bottom of the screen.

Now go to 2nd sheet for creating the 2nd view. The second view is shown below. A bubble chart was
drawn between profit and subcategory. Then rename the sheet.

Next 3rd view is created as follows for profit for each subcategory in the category with averages.

18
 After creating individual views, now a Dashboard can be created by clicking on create dashboard at the
toolbar.

after clicking on new dashboard option, the screen is shown below.

now the sheets or views which are created earlier can be drag and dropped on this dashboard. The above
three created views are placed in the dashboard as follows. One can follow their own way of importing sheets
on the dashboard. After creating dashboard, title can be given to the dashboard from Dashboard tab.
Dashboard can be customized in terms of its appearance by the user if required. Dashboard once created can
be saved on users system and can be retrieved whenever required.

19
 POWER BI
What is Power BI?
Power BI is a business intelligence tool that allows you to connect to various data sources, visualize the data
in reports and dashboards, and then share them with anyone you want.
Power BI is a Data Visualization and Business Intelligence tool that converts data from different data
sources to interactive dashboards and BI reports.
What is Power BI Used For

Power BI is a tool in the category of Business Intelligence (BI). The purpose of BI is to track Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs) and uncover insights in business data so as to better inform decision-making
across the organization.
Power BI is used in different ways depending on the role of the individual, from developers, analysts,
managers, and directors, to everyone in between.
How Does Power BI Compare to Other Tools Like Tableau and Excel?

Power BI and Tableau are both business intelligence tools and have a lot of overlap in terms of their
capabilities. There are 2 key differences between Power BI and Tableau:

1. Power BI only works on Windows, whereas Tableau supports both Windows and MacOS.
2. Pricing options differ between Power BI and Tableau. However, Tableau is generally the more
expensive option.

20
Why Power BI?
“DATA” Analysis and Decision Making

Organizations need a tool that can help them understand the large amount of data that they are collecting. It
is a powerful data visualization and analysis tool that allows businesses to turn raw data into actionable
insights and reports.

Microsoft Power BI comes with a free or paid version. The free version only provides Power BI
tools like Power BI Desktop and Power Q&A to dashboards. Whereas, in the Pro version they provide
services like live report sharing, Power View, and more Power BI apps.
Key Differences Between Power BI and Tableau

Power BI Tableau
Power BI uses DAX for measuring and Tableau deploys MDX for dimensions and measures.
calculating columns.
Power BI is best for a limited volume of data. Tableau can handle huge columns of data and still
offer better performance.
Power BI offers many data points for data Tableau has better data visualization.
visualization.

21
 Program 1: Getting Started - Tableau Workspace, Tableau terminologies, Basic functionalities.
Working with Tableau that focuses on understanding the Tableau Workspace, Tableau terminologies, and
basic functionalities.

Dataset used: vgsales.csv

1. Go to Start Page: Toggle between the active sheet and the Desktop Start Page.
2. Data Pane: Includes dimensions and measures, populated from your selected data source. May also
include calculated fields, parameters, or sets.
3. Analytics Pane: Includes options you can use to apply reference lines, forecasts, trend lines, to add
totals to crosstabs, and to build boxplots.
4. Workbook Name: The file name of our workbook.
5. View Cards: Used for modifying the worksheet.
6. Toolbar Icons: Icons are available for quick access to popular features.
7. Worksheet/View: Workspace for building your visualizations.
8. Go to Data Source: Returns you to the data source specification page.
9. Worksheet Tabs: Click to view a specific worksheet, dashboard, or story
10. New Worksheet, Dashboard, and Story Tabs: Click to create a new Worksheet, Dashboard, or Story.
11. Status Bar: Displays data about the fields and marks included in the view.

Steps:
1. Tableau Workspace Setup:

 Connect to Data:
• Open Tableau, and on the "Start Page," select Connect -> To a File -> Text File.
• Browse to the location of vgsales.csv and open it.

22
 Data Preview:
• After loading, Tableau will show a preview of the data. You can rename columns if necessary.
• Click on the "Sheet 1" tab at the bottom to go to your first worksheet.

2. Tableau Terminologies:
 Dimensions: These are qualitative fields. In vgsales.csv, examples include Platform, Genre,and
Publisher.
 Measures: These are quantitative fields used for calculations. Examples are Global_Sales, NA_Sales,
and Year.
 Rows and Columns Shelf: Drag dimensions and measures to the Rows or Columns shelves to build
the structure of your visualization.
 Marks: Controls the appearance of the data. You can set marks to be circles, bars, or other shapes and
control size, color, and label.
 Filters: Used to limit the data displayed in the view.
 Pages Shelf: Used for creating animations or segmenting your view by categories.

3. Basic Functionalities:
a. Basic Visualization (Bar Chart of Global Sales by Genre):
 In your worksheet, drag Genre to the Columns shelf.

 Drag Global_Sales to the Rows shelf.

 You should see a bar chart. If the data isn’t aggregating correctly, check if the aggregation is set to
SUM by right-clicking Global_Sales -> Measure -> Sum.

b. Sorting:

23
 Click on the Global_Sales axis and sort descending to show the genres with the most sales first.

C. Filtering

 Drag Year to the Filters shelf.

 Choose the range of years you want to display (e.g., 2000-2016).

 Add Year to the Pages shelf to create a dynamic view of how sales changed over time.

24
1. Additional Functionalities:
Dashboards: Combine different sheets to create a comprehensive dashboard. Go to the Dashboard
tab, drag your created sheets to the layout, and arrange them accordingly.

a. Add one more worksheet - Global Sales Trend by Year

 Drag Year to the Columns.

 Drag Global_Sales to the Rows.

 Create a line chart to show how global sales have trended over time.
 Add Genere to the Marks
 Apply color to Genere

a. Go to the Dashboard tab in Tableau.

b. Add multiple visualizations to a single dashboard. (To increase dashboard size - select size-Automatic)
c. Arrange charts (e.g., a line chart for yearly sales, a bar chart for top genres, etc.).

Reference Video Link -

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6xv1KvCMF1Q&list=PLUaB-
1hjhk8GwbqoVmo_5zuhOa0Tcl3xC&index=3

25
 Program 2 : Connecting to Data Source – Connecting to Database, Different types of
TableauJoins.

Dataset used: Tableau Joins File: Contains 3 sheets : Demographics, Salary, Job Title

1. Connecting to Excel Files in Tableau:

 Open Tableau and click on Connect in the left pane.
 Under To a File, choose Microsoft Excel.
 Browse and select your Excel file (Tableau Joins File.xlsx).
 Tableau will display the sheets from the Excel file in the Data Source tab.
 Drag the relevant sheets to the workspace.

2. Tableau Joins File.xlsx Dataset: has three Excel sheets

 Demographics:
 EmployeeID
 NameofEmployee
 EmployeeAge
 EmployeeGender
 Salary:
 EmployeeID
 EmployeeSalary
These sheets have a relationship based on the EmployeeID, and you can join them using this field.
Drag and drop Demographics table- Right click-select open- that allows you to do following types of
joins.
Now Drag and drop Salary table - That allows you to do join of your choice.

3. Types of Joins in Tableau:

Once both tables are in the Data Source tab, Tableau automatically suggests an inner join, but you can
modify the type of join depending on the scenario.

a. Inner Join:
 Description: Returns only records where there is a match in both tables.

 How to Create in Tableau:

 Drag Demographics and Salary sheets into the canvas.
 Tableau automatically detects the common field (EmployeeID). If not, manually select it.
 Choose Inner Join in the Join Type options.
 Result: You will see only employees whose employee id matches in both Demographics and
Salary table.
26
b. Left Join:
a. Description: Returns all records from the left table (Demographics), and matched records
from the right table (salary). If there’s no match, NULL values are returned for fields from
theright table.

b. How to Create in Tableau:

c. In the join settings, select Left Join.
d. Result: All employees will be returned, even if data missing in Salary. Salary information
willbe NULL for those without a match.

c. Right Join:
Description: Returns all records from the right table (Salary), and matched records from the left table
(Demographics). If there’s no match, NULL values are returned for fields from the left table.

27
 How to Create in Tableau:
 Select Right Join.
 Result: You will see all salary, even if they don't have employee id. Employee information will be
NULL for those salary with no matching employee id.

Full Outer Join:

 Description: Returns all records when there is a match in either the left (Demographics) or right (Job
Title) table. If there’s no match, NULL values are returned for the missing side.

 How to Create in Tableau:

 Select Full Outer Join.
 Result: You will see all employees and all salary, even if they don’t have a match in the other
table. NULL values will appear where there’s no corresponding record.

28
 1. Creating a Visualization Based on Joins:
After performing the joins, you can build different visualizations.
Press on Sheet 1:

For Example,

Bar Chart:
 Number of employees and their salary. Drag NameofEmployee o Columns.

 Drag EmployeeSalary to Rows.

 This chart will display the number of employees and their salary based on the type of join.
 Sort it in decending
 Drag EmployeeSalary to Marks - Select color Color, Label

Reference Video Link -

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4SVUF-fTwc&list=PLUaB-1hjhk8GwbqoVmo_5zuhOa0Tcl3xC&index=4
This same procedure we can do by connecting to any database server
We should initially connect to driver by installing it for example if you are planning for mysql

 Install mysql driver connector as in link below:

 https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/odbc/
It is available in Drive Link also
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1kG25wextZcEOsjfXdr5VcrwW3Dp53jBf?usp=drive_
link

29
 After installing it
We have to connect to Mysql

For More Info : Refer Tableau Handouts and Tableau Tutorial

Program 3. Creating a View - formatting charts, adding filters, creating calculated fields anddefining
parameters
Step 1: Connect to Data
1. Open Tableau Desktop.
2. Connect to Your Data Source:
a) Click on Connect on the left sidebar.

b) Choose your data source by selecting text file and load your vgsales dataset into Tableau.

Step 2: Create a Basic Visualization

 Create a New Worksheet:
a) Click on the Sheet tab at the bottom of the screen.

 Drag Fields to Shelves:

a) Drag Year to the Columns shelf.

b) Drag Global Sales to the Rows shelf.

c) Drag EU Sales to the Rows shelf.

30
That gives the line graph visualization.

 Change Visualization Type:

In the Show Me panel on the right, select a bar chart or any other type that suits your needs.

Step 3: Format the Chart

31
  Format Axes:
a) Right-click on the Global Sales axis and select Format.
b) In the Format pane, adjust the font style & size as needed.

 Add Titles and Annotations:

a) Click on the chart title area and enter a descriptive title - Global Sales by Year.
b) Add annotations if needed to highlight specific data points – Right click the on the chart which
you want to highlight - Select Annotate - Select Mark - Press Ok

Step 4: Add Filters

Add a Filter for Year:
Drag Year to the Filters shelf.
Choose the range of years you want to display (e.g., 2000-2016).

32
 Step 5: Create Calculated Fields
 Create a Calculated Field for Sales Category:
a) Right-click on Global Sales - Select Create - Calculated Field.
b) Give name to your calculations as Global Sales - EU Sales
c) Do calculations as per your need - [Global Sales] - [EU Sales]
d) Press Ok

Add Calculated Fields to Visualization:

Drag Global Sales-EU Sales to the Rows shelf to show Global Sales over Year with Global Sales-EU Sales
over Year.

Step 6: Create a Parameter:

Name: "Select Genre"
 Data Type: String
33
  Values: List (e.g., "Action", "Adventure", "Shooter") or Add values from Genre.
 Create a Calculated Field:
 Name: "Sales by Genre"
 Formula:
 IF [Genre] = [Select Genre] THEN [Global Sales] ELSE 0 END
Build the Visualization:
 Columns: Drag "Year".
 Rows: Drag "Sales by Genre".
 At the right side of your sheet you can select required Genre and can see different
Visualization

Visualization by Genre: Fighting

Reference Video Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_n5saTnxeoE

34
 Program 4 :
Dashboard Design and Storytelling – Components of Dashboard, Understanding how to place
worksheets in Containers, Action filters and its types.

CREATING A STORY WITH TABLEAU PUBLIC

With Tableau public, you are able to organize your data in order to tell a meaningful story. This is beneficial
when you are doing a presentation, creating an article, or uploading to a website, as it helps your audience
understand your data.
Stories are created through assembling the different worksheets and dashboards. We can highlight important
data points, add text box and pictures to help convey our story. However, there are many different ways to
tell a story. For example, one technique is called “tailoring in” where the story starts with a big picture view
and zooms in on a specific detail.
In contrast, a story can also be told by starting with a case and zooming out to that big picture view. We are
going to return to our health expenditure worksheets to create a tailoring in story and illustrate the changes in
Canada’s spending in a meaningful way.
To begin, select “New Story” at the bottom right of your screen.

Drag “Sheet 1” and “Sheet 2” on to “Drag a sheet here”. We can rename each storyboardby clicking
“Add acaption”. Rename Sheet 1 to “Provincial Health Expenditure in 2016”.

35
Use the arrows located on the side of the caption field to navigate to Sheet 2. Click on “Add a caption”
and rename Sheet 2 to “Provincial Health Expenditure from 1975-2018”.

In this story, we are going to narrow in and draw attention to the province or territory that is spending
the most amount of money on health. Drag an additional copy of “Sheet 1” and drop it between the two
existing sheets. Select “Add a caption” and rename it to “Ontario”.

36
 On the map, click on the province Ontario and then navigate to the caption field andselect “Update”.
Yourscreen will show Ontario highlighted from the rest of Canada

Select the right arrow to navigate to “Provincial Health Expenditure from 1975-2018”. Hover over
the line representing Ontario and select the data point representing health expenditure during the year 2016.
Then click “Update”. Your screen should look like this:

37
We can add a textbox to label the highlighted pointed by dragging “Drag to add text” onto the line
graph. Write a key message in the textbox, such as “Ontario had the highest health expenditure in
Canada in 2016, spending $87,195.70M”. Select “OK”.

You can the edit the text box by selecting “More options” which will open a drop-
downmenu. Expand the text box by dragging the borders in order to show the full message.

38
 We have now created a story with three sheets of how Ontario had the highest health expenditure in the
year 2016. If you choose to add a dashboard, it will allow your audience to play with data. You can navigate
between the story as shown below:

SAVING AND PUBLISHING YOUR TABLEAU PUBLIC WORKBOOK

Once satisfied with your workbook, which includes sheets, dashboards, and stories, you can publish
it to the Tableau Public website. This is the only way to save your work whenusing Tableau Public,
so make sure to do it if you wish to return to the workbook in the future.

Once ready to publish, select the “Save to Tableau Public As…” option under the “File”tab.

CREATING A DASHBOARD WITH TABLEAU

Dashboards are a great way to combine your data visualizations and have them interact with one
another. A lot of businesses use dashboards to keep up-to-date in real time about key performance
indicators at a glance. In this example, we will combine just twoof our data visualizations, the map
and the line graph from the first section of the tutorial,but in reality, it can be used to combine
many visualizations at once.

39
 The first step in creating your dashboard is to open up the Dashboard tab at the bottomof the screen:

After clicking this icon, your screen should open to this:

This is your Dashboard Sheet. On the left side you can see that there is a list of the sheets you have made
from your current data source.
To build your dashboard, drag the sheet you want in to the center where it says Drop sheets here. For our
purposes, we will need to drag Sheet 1 and Sheet 2 where the map and line graph are saved. When you
drag, you will notice an area of your screen will shade over where your graph will drop when you put it
down. Organize your dashboard to look like the following:

40
 Now to add titles to the graphs that were chosen, double click on the automatic titles
generated based on the sheet name, and a new window should appear, type in a titlethat describes
the graph like so:

We can also add additional titles and objects to the dashboard by choosing an object from the Objects side
panel and dragging it to the dashboard. We are going to add titlesto the bottom line graph to differentiate between
the Canada line and the provinces. To do this, drag

41
 to the area near the orange line that corresponds to

the sumof all provinces expenditure throughout the years. Type in “Canada”. Drag

once more to label the remaining provinces. Your bottom graph should look like this:

Now, to add an interactive layer between the graphs, we can choose a graph that can actas
a filter to the other. We will choose the line graph to act as a filter to the map. To do this, click
on the line graph and a grey sidebar should appear. From this bar, click the filter icon to use
this graph as a filter:

Now, when you click a given line, it will be highlighted on the above map:

42
Congrats, now you have an interactive dashboard that is ready to be published or saved!

43
Program 5
Question : Introducing Power BI –Components and the flow of work. Power BI Desktop
Interface-The Report has five main areas.
Solution :

Power BI includes the following components −

 Power BI Desktop − This is used to create reports and data visualizations on the dataset.
 Power BI Gateway − You can use Power BI on-premises gateway to keep your data fresh
by connecting to your on-premises data sources without the need to move the data. It
allows you to query large datasets and benefit from the existing investments.
 Power BI Mobile Apps − Using Power BI mobile apps, you can stay connected to their
data from anywhere. Power BI apps are available for Windows, iOS, and Android
platform.
 Power BI Service − This is a cloud service and is used to publish Power BI reports and
data visualizations

Fig 1 : The Components of Power BI

Flow of work

 A typical Power BI workflow involves more than one type of content.

 A Power BI designer (yellow in the diagram) collects data from semantic models, brings
it into Power BI Desktop for analysis, and creates reports full of visualizations that
highlight interesting facts and insights.
 The designer pins visualizations from reports to dashboards, and shares the reports and
dashboards with business users like you (black in the diagram).

Fig 2: Flow of work

44
  A visualization (or visual), is a type of chart built by Power BI designers. The
visuals display the data from reports and semantic models. Because they're highly
interactive, you can slice, filter, highlight, change, and even drill into visualizations.

 A semantic model is a container of data. For example, it might be an Excel file from
the World Health Organization. It might also be a company-owned database of customers,
or it might be a Salesforce file. And it might be all three if the designer combines them
into a single model. Designers manage semantic models. The data contained in semantic
models is used to build reports, dashboards, and apps that designers share with you.
 A dashboard is a single screen with tiles of interactive visuals, text, and graphics. A
dashboard collects your most important metrics, or a focused set of metrics, on one screen,
to tell a story or answer a question. The dashboard content comes from one or more reports
and one or more semantic models.

 A report is one or more pages of interactive visuals, text, and graphics that together
make up a single report. Power BI bases a report on a single semantic model. Often,
the designer organizes report pages to each address a central area of interest or answer a
single question.

 An app is a way for designers to bundle and share related dashboards, reports, and
semantic models together. Business users receive some apps automatically but can go
search for other apps created by colleagues or by the community. For example, out-of-
the-box apps are available for external services you may already use, like Google
Analytics and Microsoft Dynamics CRM.

Power BI Desktop Interface-The Report has five main areas.

Downloading and Installing Power BI Desktop

Power BI Desktop is available in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions. To download the latest version,
you can use the following link –

The Steps to be followed

1. Download from the link

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/power-platform/products/power-bi/downloads

45
2. Click on Products- Power BI-- Desktop

3. Click on Advanced Download option

4. Select the Language as English and Click on download , choose

PBIDEsktopSetup_x64.exe

46
5. Download Begins and you will get exe file which will be downloaded in your
downloads folder

PBIDesktopSetu
p_x64
(2).exe

6. Double click on the .exe file ,to get the installation wizard

7. Click on Next button until you get Finish button and finally installation will be done.
8. Once the Installation is done ,double click on Power BI App.

The screen appears as below

9. When you launch the application, Power BI Desktop will start with a blank report.
Let'sgo over the components of the Power BI Desktop Interface

47
  Ribbon - the top ribbon contains most of the controls and options needed for building the
report.
 Views - this is made up of the report view, the data view, and the model view.
 Canvas - this is the main design area where visualizations and other elements are added.
 Page selector - for navigation to other pages in the report.
 Filters - fields can be added here to filter the data.
 Visualizations - this contains the list of available visualizations.
 Fields - this section contains the tables and fields that are available in the data model.

The Major Components of Power BI Desktop Interface are

Power Query Editor

It is the process of cleansing and transforming data and permits users to access datasetsconnecting
from multiple sources. It is included on the Power BI desktop. Business users may view the data
from distinct databases like MySQL, SQL servers, DB2, and many more.

Power View

It is a data visualization tool that assists users in developing stunning charts, and colourful maps,
that turn data into a story.

Power Map

It is a 3D map visualization tool to identify geospatial data on Map visuals. It helps organizations
to examine the maximum sales production geographically, visualizing the demographic
populations of specific regions.

Power Pivot

48
It is a Data Modelling technique that is used to create relationships between datasets. It performs
complex computations by utilizing DAX functions.

Power Q & A

When dealing with giant datasets, it becomes crucial to get to know the in-depth details of the
data. Luckily, it is done through natural language where users may ask questions and obtain the
answer through Power Q & A.

Build reports :

In Power BI Desktop Report view, you can build visualizations and reports. The
Report view has six main areas:

1. The ribbon at the top, which displays common tasks associated with reports and
visualizations.
2. The canvas area in the middle, where you create and arrange visualizations.
3. The pages tab area at the bottom, which lets you select or add report pages.
4. The Filters pane, where you can filter data visualizations.
5. The Visualizations pane, where you can add, change, or customize visualizations, and
apply drill through.
6. The Format pane, where you design the report and visualizations.
7. The Fields pane, which shows the available fields in your queries. You can drag these
fields onto the canvas, the Filters pane, or the Visualizations pane to create or modify
visualizations.

49
 PROGRAM 6 :
Question: Querying Data from CSV - Query Editor, Connecting the data from the Excel
Source, Clean, Transform the data.

Solution :

Power BI Desktop also includes the Power Query Editor, which opens in a separate window.
In Power Query Editor, you can build queries and transform data, then load the refined data
model into Power BI Desktop to create reports.

Along the left side of Power BI Desktop are icons for the three Power BI Desktop views:

Report, Data, and Model, from top to bottom. The current view is indicated by the yellow bar
along the left, and you can change views by selecting any of the icons.

Report view is the default view.

Connect to data(Get Data from different Sources)

With Power BI Desktop installed, we can connect to the world of data. To see the many
types of data sources available,
50
Once Power BI screen is seen click on blank Report

After clicking on blank Report the below screen appears .

NOW TO GET DATA FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES ------------------- The steps

Step 1 : Select Get Data in the Power BI Desktop Home tab, and in the Get Data
window, scroll through the list of All data sources.(like Excel,CSV,Oracle….)

On the Power BI Desktop Home tab, select Get Data > Excel workbook

51
2. Click on the file you need and open the file ,once you open the file below window withnavigator
appears ,select the file (2nd option to see the contents of the file)

3. At this point you can select Load to load the table, or Transform data to make changes in the
table before you load it.

4. When you select Transform data, Power Query Editor launches, with a representative view of
the table. The Query Settings pane is on the right, or you can always show it by selecting Query
Settings on the View tab of Power Query Editor.

52
Transforming the data

Once connected to a data source, you can adjust the data to meet your needs.

To transform the data, you provide Power Query Editor with step-by-step
instructions for adjusting the data while loading and presenting it. Transforming
doesn't affect the original data source, only this particular view of the data.

Transforming the data, includes renaming columns or tables, removing rows or

columns, or changing data types.

Power Query Editor captures these steps sequentially under Applied Steps in the Query
Settings pane.

Notice that the Applied Steps in Query Settings already contain a few steps. You can
select each step to see its effect in the Power Query Editor

To Change a data type

 Select the column or columns to change.

 Hold down the Shift key to select several adjacent columns, or Ctrl to select non-
adjacent columns.
 Either right-click a column header, select Change Type,
 choose a new data type from the menu, or drop down the list next to Data Type in
the Transform group of the Home tab,
 select a new data type.

53
To Reduce/Delete the Rows

 From the Home tab select

 Reduce Rows > Remove Rows > Remove Bottom Rows.
 In the Remove Bottom Rows dialog box, enter 10, and then select OK.

The bottom 10 worst rows are removed from the table, and the step Removed Bottom
Rows appears in Applied Steps.

To Remove columns

54
 From Home Tab Select Manage Columns group select Remove Columns.

55
  You can also right-click one of the selected column headers and select Remove
Columns from the menu.
 The selected columns are removed, and the step Removed Columns appears
in Applied Steps.

Applied steps in the Query setting pane

Right-click any step in the Applied Steps pane and choose to delete it, rename it, move it
up or down in the sequence, or add or delete steps after it.

For intermediate steps, Power BI Desktop will warn you if the change could affect later
steps and break your query.

56
 Once all the required transformations are done the report should be created in the
Power BI Desktop

 Apply the changes in Power Query Editor and load them into Power BI Desktop
 Selecting Close & Apply from the Home tab of the ribbon.
 You can also select just Apply to keep the query open in Power Query Editor
while you work in Power BI Desktop.

To reopen Power Query Editor from Power BI Desktop

Select Transform Data on the Home tab of the Power BI Desktop ribbon.
You can expand and collapse the Filters, Visualizations, and Fields panes by selecting the
arrows at the tops of the panes. Collapsing the panes provides more space on the canvas to
build cool visualizations.

The Visualizations pane shows information about the visualization and lets you modify it.

1. The Fields option in the Visualization pane lets you drag data fields to Legend and other
field wells in the pane.
2. The Format option lets you apply formatting and other controls to visualizations.
3. The icons show the type of visualization created. You can change the type of a selected
visualization by selecting a different icon, or create a new visualization by selecting an
icon with no existing visualization selected
4. The options available in the Fields and Format areas depend on the type of visualization
and data you have.
5. You want your map visualization to show only the top 10 weather states.

To show only the top 10 states, in the Filters pane, hover over State is (All) and expand the
arrow that appears. Under Filter type, drop down and select Top N. Under Show items, select
Bottom, because you want to show the items with the lowest numerical ranks, and enter 10 in
the next field.

57
58
Program 7 : Creating Reports & Visualizations - Different types of charts, Formatting
charts with Title, Colors
17 Most Common Charts available in Power BI:

● Bar Chart
● Line Chart
● Scatterplot
● Sparkline
● Pie Chart
● Gauge
● Waterfall Chart
● Funnel Chart
● Heat Map / Matrix
● Histogram
● Box Plot
● Maps
● Tables
● Indicators
● Area Chart
● Radar or Spider Chart
● Tree Map

● Open Power BI Desktop

● Click on Get data in ribbon pane
● Click on Excel worksheet option

 Choose specific dataset and open it. Example: HR Data.csv

 Click on Transform Data button

59
 .

 Power Query Editor window will open.

 We have to perform some transformation on this table

 Select row 1 and click on Use first row as header

60
  Then, we have to create new column for attrition count. For this, select attrition column
click on Add Column new window will open then add details as follows. Once youare
done with this, attrition count column will be added as a last row of the table
 Change the datatype of this column to whole number

 Click on Close & Apply.

61
Click on

“Close &
Apply”

 You will be back on canvas area with table loaded in Data Pane (in right side).

 We will start with KPI Chart

 A Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is a visual cue that communicates the amount of
progress made toward a measurable goal

62
Now format this particular visual with title, size, colour.
1. Click on “Format your visual” in Visualization Pane
2. Go to General tab
a. click on Title type “Overall Employees” in Text box, Horizontal alignment
and colour of your choice
b. expand effects OFF the background of KPI chart
c. Effects ON visual border change the color and 20 rounded corners
3. Now, go to Visual tab OFF the category label
4. In visual tab, callout value change the font color

63
Kindly Note: If you want same format for all visuals, complete the formatting with one
of the visual, click on format painter and click on the visual for which you want the
formatting. Little bit formatting will be required as properties for each visual will be
different
Select Pie Chart.

 Now apply same steps for creating STACKED COLUMN CHART.

A column chart, commonly referred to as a vertical bar graph, is a visual tool utilized to
display and compare numerical data across different categories. Each column within the
chart corresponds to a specific category, with the height of the column proportionally
representing the associated value.

Optional: As you can see, age is not sorted correctly, so we have to create additional
column.
Once sort age column is created change the datatype of column if its not in whole number.
Click on “Close & Apply”

64
Now, on canvas, in data pane select CP_age_band click on sort by column select
newly created column sort age and now
click on visual and follow the steps, Finally, output will be as follows:

65
 Finally, output will be as follows

:
Now apply same steps for creating MATRIX.
The matrix visual is a type of table visual that supports a stepped layout. A table supports two
dimensions, but a matrix makes it easier to display data meaningfully across multiple dimensions.
Often, report designers include matrixes in reports and dashboards to allow users to select one or
more element (rows, columns, cells) in the matrix to cross-highlight other visuals on a report
page.
Format the row header & column header text color & background color
Also, format the Row grand total & column grand total

Now apply same steps for creating Stacked Bar Chart.

66
Now apply same steps for creating Donut.

A doughnut chart is similar to a pie chart in that it shows the relationship of parts to a
whole. The only difference is that the center is blank and allows space for a label or
icon.

Doughnut charts work best when you use them to compare a particular section to the
whole, rather than comparing individual sections with each other.

Slicers: A slicer is a standalone chart that can be used to filter the other visuals on the
page. Slicers come in many different formats (category, range, date, etc.) and can be
formatted to allow selection of only one, many, or all of the available values.

67
Slicers are a great choice to:
 Display commonly used or important filters on the report canvas for easier access.
 Make it easier to see the current filtered state without having to open a drop-downlist.
 Filter by columns that are unneeded and hidden in the data tables.
 Create more focused reports by putting slicers next to important visuals.

68
Program 8: Dashboards - Filters in Power BI, Formatting dashboards
Filters remove all but the data you want to focus on.
Filter Pane: You can apply filters in the Filters pane, or make selections in slicers directly on the
report page itself. The Filters pane shows the fields in individual visuals and any other filters
the report designer adds.
There are four standard types of filters that you create in the Filters pane.
 Visual filter applies to a single visual on a report page. You see visual-level filters when
you select a visual on the report canvas. Even if you can't edit a report, you can select a
visual and filter it.
 Page filter applies to all the visuals on the report page.
 Report filter applies to all pages in the report.
 Drill through filter With drill through in the Power BI service and Power BI Desktop, you
create a destination report page that focuses on a specific entity, such as a supplier. From the
other report pages, users can right-click a data point for that entity and drill through to the
focused page.

We will be using HR dataset (same used for Exp 7).

Extending same dashboard with using filters & let’s format the final dashboard.
Let’s apply filter for department (Particular visual).
1. Drag Department from Data Pane to Filters Filters on this page textbox.
BasicFiltering
2. Now, you can see, HR dept. is selected and now in below picture, you can see that only
HR data is visible, whereas, R&D and Sales data will not be shown.

69
 Now, HR and R&D departments are selected.

3. Now, lets try for advanced filter

Let’s find out results for salary greater than equal to 10000.
Drag and drop Monthly Income in filter
Filter type: advanced filtering
Show items when the value: is greater than or equal to
Value: 10000

70
4. Now, try for Top N filtering. Try to display top 4 Job roles having highest job
satisfaction.
 Select “Job satisfaction rating” visual In Filters Pane, Filters on this visual
Job Role
Filter type: Top N
Show item: Top : 4
By value: Sum of Job Satisfaction

71
Program 9 : BUILDING DASH BOARD

Analysis of revenue in sales dataset:

i) Create a choropleth map (fill the map) to spot the special trends to show the state which
has the highest revenue.
ii) Create a line chart to show the revenue based on the month of the year.
iii) Create a bin of size 10 for the age measure to create a new dimension to show the
revenue.
iv) Create a donut chart view to show the percentage of revenue per region by creating
zero access in the calculated field.
v) Create a butterfly chart by reversing the bar chart to compare female & male revenue
based on product category.
vi) Create a calculated field to show the average revenue per state & display profitable &
non-profitable state.
vii) Build a dashboard.
Solution:
Step1: Upload the revenue dataset
Step2: In the power query editor as part of transformation remove the unnecessary columns
(Remove the last null column)
Question 1: Create a choropleth map (fill the map) to spot the special trends to showthe state
which has the highest revenue.
Step1: Select the "Map" visualization from the Visualizations pane.(filled map)
Step2: Set Up the Map:

 Drag the state field to the "Location" field well.

 Drag the revenue field to the "Size" or "Values" field well.

Step3: Customize: In the "Format" pane, adjust settings such as color, size, and tooltips to
enhance readability. You can use color gradients to indicate different revenue levels, helping to
spot trends.

Question 2:Create a line chart to show the revenue based on the month of the year.
Step1:Add a Line Chart: Select the "Line chart" visualization from the Visualizations pane.
Step2: Configure the Chart:

72
  Drag the month field to the "Axis" field well.
 Drag the revenue field to the "Values" field well.

Step3: Format: In the "Format" pane, you can customize the line color, axis titles, and other
aspects to clearly present the revenue trend throughout the year

.
Question 3: Create a bin of size 10 for the age measure to create a new dimension to
show the revenue.
Step1: Create Bins for age

 Go to the "Data" view and select the age field.

 Right-click on the age field and choose "New group".
 In the "Group" window, select "Bin" and set the bin size to 10.

Step2: Add to Visualization:

 Create a new visualization (e.g., bar chart or column chart). Here we used Stacked column
chart.
 Drag the new age bins field to the "X Axis" and the revenue field to the "Y axis”.

Question 4: Create a donut chart view to show the percentage of revenue per region by
creating zero access in the calculated field.

73
 Step1: Add a Donut Chart: Select the "Donut chart" visualization from the Visualizations
pane.
Step2:Set Up the Chart:

 Drag the region field to the "Legend" field well.

 Drag the revenue field to the "Values" field well.

Step3: Create Zero Access:

 Go to the "Format" pane, select "Detail labels", and set the "Label position" to "Inside" to
create a zero access effect.
 Adjust the "Detail" and "Percentage" settings as needed.

Note: The "zero access effect" is a visual design technique often used in data visualizations to
emphasize or clearly show zero values or the absence of certain data. This effect is
particularly useful in charts where you want to highlight how values are distributed relative to
zero, or where zero plays a significant role in the interpretation of the data.

Donut Charts:

In a donut chart, the zero access effect can be used to enhance readability by placing labels or
markers at the center of the chart or using a specific design to show where there is no data.

For example, if one segment of a donut chart represents zero revenue, you might design the
chart so that this segment is clearly visible or highlighted to indicate no revenue.

Question 5: Create a butterfly chart by reversing the bar chart to compare female &
male revenue based on product category.
Step1: Create a New Measure
TotalRevenue = sum(SalesTable[Revenue])
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Method-1: By using stacked column chart

Method 2:
Step 1:

Add Two Bar Charts:

o Create two separate bar charts from the "Visualizations" pane.

Step 2:

Configure the First Bar Chart (e.g., Female Revenue):

Drag ProductCategory to the "Axis" field.

Drag TotalRevenue to the "Values" field.

Apply a Filter:

 In the "Filters" pane, add a filter to show only Female revenue. You can drag Gender to the
"Filters" pane and set the filter to include only Female.

Step 3:

Configure the Second Bar Chart (e.g., Male Revenue):

Drag ProductCategory to the "Axis" field.

Drag TotalRevenue to the "Values" field.

Apply a Filter:

 In the "Filters" pane, add a filter to show only Male revenue. You can drag Gender to the
"Filters" pane and set the filter to include only Male.

Step 4:

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 Reversing the Bars:

 To create the butterfly effect, you need to reverse one of the bar charts. This involves
adjusting the direction of the bars so that they face opposite directions from the
center.
o Reverse the Bars:
 For one of the charts (e.g., Male revenue), you will need to use a calculated column or
measure to make the bars extend in the opposite direction. In Power BI, this can be
achievedby adjusting the data in the chart's settings or using custom visualizations if
necessary.

Add Titles and Labels:

 Add clear titles and labels to each chart to indicate what data they represent (e.g., "Female
Revenue" and "Male Revenue").
 Customize the chart's appearance to enhance readability.

Question 6:Create a calculated field to show the average revenue per state & display
profitable & non-profitable state.
Step1: Create a New Measure

 Go to the Modeling tab and select "New Measure".

 Create the Average Revenue Measure:
 Enter the following DAX formula to calculate the average revenue per state:

AverageRevenuePerState =
AVERAGEX(
VALUES(SalesTable[State]),
CALCULATE(SUM(SalesTable[Revenue]))
)
Step2: Create a Calculated Column to Categorize States

Next, create a calculated column to classify states as profitable or non-profitable based on the
average revenue.
1. Go to the Modeling tab and select "New Column".

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 2. Create the Profitability Column:
enter the following DAX formula to create a column that categorizes states as
profitable or non-profitable:

ProfitabilityStatus =
IF(SalesTable[AverageRevenuePerState] > 1000,
"Profitable",
"Non-Profitable"
)
Step 3: Display the Results

1. Add a Table and select state, AverageRevenueState and ProfitablitiyStatus.

Extra : To get the Total value or single value

In Power BI, a Card visualization is used to display a single, important piece of data, such as
a key metric or a number. It is commonly used to show aggregate values like:
 Total Sales
 Average Profit
 Total Units Sold
 Number of Customers

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The Card provides a clean and simple way to highlight critical metrics that are important for
decision-making. It's ideal for dashboard views where quick insights are needed.
To show the total revenue

Steps : 1.Select the card in the visualization pane.

2.Drag the Revenue field into the field well

To Add filter or Slicer

Filter Data: Slicers filter data across multiple charts and visuals in a report. For example,
selecting a specific region or product category in a slicer can update all connected visuals to
reflect data only for that selection.
Steps : 1. Select slicer from the Visual pane
2. Drag the Country field into the field well

Question 7: Build a dashboard.

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 Program10 : Analysis of GDP dataset:
i) Visualize the countries data given in the dataset with respect to latitude and

longitude along withcountry name using symbol maps

Step1: Bring Latitude in Row
Bring Longitude in Column

Step2: Bring Country in Color Marks Pane

Bring any Year Measured Value to Label after that You be able to see screen as in below

ii) Create a bar graph to compare GDP of Belgium between 2006 – 2026.

Step1:
Get Measured Names to Filter Pane then select as in years mentioned
2006 – 2026.Get Country to Filter and Select Belgium
Step2:

Drag Measured Name and Country into Column

Step3:
Drag Measured Value to Row You see outputs

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iii) Using pie chart, visualize the GDP of India, Nepal, Romania, South Asia,
Singapore by the year 2010.
Step1:
Get Country to Filter pane and select India, Nepal, Romania, South
Asia, SingaporeGet Measure Name to Filter and select 2010
Step2: Important Step

Select option of chart as Pie(instead of automatic in Marks Pane) andDrag Country in Color
frame
Finaly Sum or avg or anything of your choice to angle Frame ( For sum its SUM[(2010)], For
average itsAVG[(2010)] from measure value
The output result is as in below

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iv) Visualize the countries Bhutan & Costa Rica competing in terms of GDP.

Step1: Filter Country and Measure name Iike Bhutan,Costarics and 2016,2017,2018 as
year(Measure name)

Step2:Add Country and Measure Names in column, Measure Values in Row

Step3:For better view add Measure Names to Color frame in Marks pane

v) Create a scatter plot or circle views of GDP of Mexico, Algeria, Fiji, Estonia from 2004 to
2006.
Step1:Add Country in filter as per requirement
Add measure names in filter and select as per requirement
Step2: Add Measured Name in Column and an add any measured values of year
2004,2005,2006Finally opt for Circle as option

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Program 11. Analysis of HR Dataset:
i) Create KPI to show employee count, attrition count, attrition rate, attrition count, active employees, and

average age.
ii) Create a Lollipop Chart to show the attrition rate based on gender category.

iii) Create a pie chart to show the attrition percentage based on Department Category- Drag department

into colours and change automatic to pie. Entire view, Drag attrition count to angle. Label attrition count,
change to percent, add total also, edit label.
iv) Create a bar chart to display the number of employees by Age group,

v) Create a highlight table to show the Job Satisfaction Rating for each job role based on employee count.

vi) Create a horizontal bar chart to show the attrition count for each Education field Education field wise

attrition – drag education field to rows, sum attrition count to col,

vii) Create multiple donut chart to show the Attrition Rate by Gender for different Age group.

Solution :
i) Create KPI to show employee count, attrition count, attrition rate, attrition count, active
employees, and average age.
Step1: Create a New measure
Employee Count = COUNT('HR'[EmployeeNumber])
Step2: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Employee Count. Format your visuals
of your style.

Step3: Create a New Measure

Attrition Count = COUNTROWS(FILTER('HR', 'HR'[Attrition]="Yes"))
Step4: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Attrition Count. Format your visuals
of your style.

Step5: Create a New Measure

Attrition Rate = DIVIDE([Attrition Count], [Employee Count], 0) * 100

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Step6: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Attrition Rate. Format your visuals of
your style.

Step7: To find active employees create a new measure

Active Employees = [Employee Count] - [Attrition Count]
Step8: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Active Employees. Format your visuals
of your style.

Step9: To calculate average age create a new measure

Average Age = AVERAGE(HR[Age])
Step10: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Average Age. Format your visuals of
your style.

ii) Create a Lollipop Chart to show the attrition rate based on gender category.
Power BI does not have a native Lollipop Chart, so you will simulate it using (any chart) a Line and
Stacked column Chart

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 iii) Create a pie chart to show the attrition percentage based on Department Category-
Drag department into colours and change automatic to pie. Entire view, Drag attrition count to angle. Label
attrition count,change to percent, add total also, edit label.
 From the Visualizations pane on the right, select the Pie Chart visual icon. This will add a blank
pie chart to your report canvas.
Set Up the Pie Chart:
 Drag the Department Field to the Legend area.
 Drag the Attrition Count Measure to the Values area.
Configure Data Labels and Formatting:
 Click on the Pie Chart to select it.
 Open the Format Pane (paint roller icon).
Change Data Label Settings:
 Go to the Data Labels section in the Format pane.
 Toggle Data Labels to On.
 In the Data Label settings, change Label Style to Percent. This will show the percentage of each
department's attrition relative to the total.
 To show the Total alongside the percentages:
 Ensure that Data Labels are visible and set to Show.
 You can add a Total Label in the Title or Tooltips sections if needed for additional context.
Format the Pie Chart:
 Adjust Colors:
 Go to the Data Colors section in the Format pane.
 You can customize colors for each department by clicking on the color next to the department
name and choosing the color you prefer.
 Edit Labels:
• If you want to customize the text in the labels, you can use the Data Label formatting options
to adjust font size, color, and display units.
Finalize Your Visualization:
• Ensure your pie chart looks as expected with percentages representing the attrition rate
for eachdepartment.

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 iv) Create a bar chart to display the number of employees by Age group,
Step1: right click Age and choose new group and set bin size as 5.
Step2: Choose any bar chart drag and drop new age bin and employee count.

V) Create a highlight table to show the Job Satisfaction Rating for each job role based on employeecount.
 Create a Matrix visual from the Visualizations pane.
 Drag the Job Role field to Rows.
 Drag the Job Satisfaction Rating field to Columns.
 Drag the Employee Count measure to Values.

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VI) Create a horizontal bar chart to show the attrition count for each Education field Education field
wise
Attrition – drag education field to rows, sum attrition count to col,
Step1: Horizontal bar chart It's called the Clustered Bar Chart or Stacked Bar Chart in the visualizationpane
Choose stacked bar chart and set y axis is education filed and x axis is attrition count.

vii) Create multiple donut chart to show the Attrition Rate by Gender for different Age group. Choose
donut chart and drag and drop legend as gender and value as attrition rate.
1. Select the Donut Chart from the Visualizations pane.
2. Create separate Donut Charts for different age groups.
For each chart, filter the dataset based on age group (using the Age Group field created earlier).
3. Drag the Gender field to Legend.
4. Drag the Attrition Rate measure to Values.

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5. Repeat for each age group, ensuring each donut chart represents a different age group with gender
breakdown.
Note:
 Use Filters to dynamically adjust visuals where necessary (e.g., filter by Age Group or EducationField).

P r o g r a m 1 2 : Analysis of Amazon Prime Dataset:

i) Create a Donut chart to show the percentage of movie and tv shows

ii) Create a area chart to shows by release year and type
iii) Create a horizontal bar chart to show Top 10 genre
iv) Create a map to display total shows by country
v) Create a text sheet to show the description of any movie/movies.
vi) Build an interactive Dashboard.
Step1: Upload the Amazon CSV dataset.
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Step2: Transform data and make the data ready for reporting.
As part of Transformation remove you can remove blank, null values and remove columns whichis not
required for analysis.
Step3: Select close and apply.
i).Create a Donut chart to show the percentage of movie and tv shows
 From the Visualizations pane, select the Donut chart.
 Drag the 'Type' field to the Legend section.
 Drag any suitable column (e.g., ID or Title) to Values, then set the aggregation to Count.
 Use filters to filter only movie and TV show.This will show the percentage of Movies vs TV
Shows.

ii).Create a area chart to shows by release year and type.

 Ensure your dataset contains a Release Year column and a Type column (Movies/TV Shows).

Steps to Create Area Chart:

 Choose Area chart from the Visualizations pane.
 Drag the 'Release Year' field to the Axis section.
 Drag the 'Type' field to Legend.
 Drag the Title (or other identifying fields) to Values(Y Axis), and set the aggregation to Count.
 You’ll now see an area chart with Movies and TV Shows distributed over the years.

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  Note: Use filters to filter only movies and TV show.

iii. Create a horizontal bar chart to show Top 10 genre.

Note: Make sure you have a Genre column in your dataset.(Rename the column listed in to Genre)
Steps to Create Horizontal Bar Chart:
 From the Visualizations pane, select Bar chart and adjust it to display horizontally.
 Drag the Genre column to the Axis section.
 Drag the Title (or other identifier) to Values, and set the aggregation to Count.
 In the Filters pane, filter the Top N to display the Top 10 Genres by the count of content.
 From the Visualizations pane, select Bar chart and adjust it to display horizontally.

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iv. Create a map to display total shows by country.
Make sure you have a country column in your dataset.
Steps to Create a Map:
 Choose Filled Map from the Visualizations pane.
 Write a new measure to count show id
count showid = count(amazon_prime_titles[release_year])
 Drag the Country field to the Location section.
 Check the count showed measure in the data pane.
 This will show a world map representing the total number of shows produced in each country.

v) Create a text sheet to show the description of any movie/movies.

 Ensure your dataset has a Description column for each movie/TV show.
 Choose Table from the visuals and check the title and description columns.
 You can add slicer to search by title to get the description.

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vi) Build an interactive Dashboard:

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