IGCSE CIE Maths 2 hours 41 questions

Paper 2

1.3 Prime Factors, HCF

& LCM
1.3.1 Prime Factor Decomposition / 1.3.2 HCF & LCM

Easy (13 questions) /35

Medium (16 questions) /45

Hard (12 questions) /32

Total Marks /112

Easy Questions
1 Write 84 as a product of its prime factors.

2^2 x 3 x 7

(2 marks)

2 Write 525 as a product of its prime factors.

5^2 x 3 x 7

(3 marks)

3 Express 56 as the product of its prime factors.

2^3 x 7

(2 marks)

4 Write 36 as a product of its prime factors.

2^2 x 3^2

(2 marks)
5 Trams leave Piccadilly

to Eccles every 9 minutes

to Didsbury every 12 minutes

A tram to Eccles and a tram to Didsbury both leave Piccadilly at 9 am.

At what time will a tram to Eccles and a tram to Didsbury next leave Piccadilly at the
same time?

9:36 am

(3 marks)

6 Write 600 as a product of powers of its prime factors.

Show your working clearly.

2^3 x 3 x 5^2

(3 marks)

7 A = 2n × 3 × 5 m

Write 8A as a product of powers of its prime factors.

(2 marks)
8 (a) Write 720 as a product of its prime factors.
Show your working clearly.

2^4 x 3^2 x 5

(3 marks)

(b) Find the smallest whole number that 720 can be multiplied by to give a square number.

5
(1 mark)

9 Write 3 . 6 × 103 as a product of powers of its prime factors.

Show your working clearly.

(3 marks)

10 Write 800 as a product of its prime factors.

Show your working clearly.

2^5 x 5^2

(2 marks)
11 Write 880 as a product of powers of its prime factors.
Show your working clearly.

2^4 x 5 x 11

(3 marks)

12 Write 200 as a product of prime factors.

Give your answer in index form.

2^3 x 5^2

(3 marks)

13 Write 36 as a product of prime factors.

Give your answer in index form.

2^2 x 3^2

(3 marks)
Medium Questions
1 Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 84 and 105.

(2 marks)

2 Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 90 and 48.

(2 marks)

3 (a) Write 56 as a product of its prime factors.

(2 marks)

(b) Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 56 and 42.

(2 marks)

4 Buses to Acton leave a bus station every 24 minutes.

Buses to Barton leave the same bus station every 20 minutes.

A bus to Acton and a bus to Barton both leave the bus station at 9 00 am.

When will a bus to Acton and a bus to Barton next leave the bus station at the same
time?

(3 marks)
5 Rita is going to make some cheeseburgers for a party.
She buys some packets of cheese slices and some boxes of burgers.

There are 20 cheese slices in each packet.

There are 12 burgers in each box.

Rita buys exactly the same number of cheese slices and burgers.

i) How many packets of cheese slices and how many boxes of burgers does she buy?

Rita wants to put one cheese slice and one burger into each bread roll.
She wants to use all the cheese slices and all the burgers.

ii) How many bread rolls does Rita need?

(4 marks)

6 Matt and Dan cycle around a cycle track.

Each lap Matt cycles takes him 50 seconds.

Each lap Dan cycles takes him 80 seconds.

Dan and Matt start cycling at the same time at the start line.

Work out how many laps they will each have cycled when they are next at the start line
together.

(3 marks)
7 (a) Express 180 as a product of its prime factors.

(3 marks)

(b) Martin thinks of two numbers.

He says,

"The Highest Common Factor (HCF) of my two numbers is 6

The Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) of my two numbers is a multiple of 15"

Write down two possible numbers that Martin is thinking of.

(2 marks)

8 Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 72 and 90.

(2 marks)
9 (a) A = 32 × 54 × 7 B = 34 × 53 × 7 × 11

Find the highest common factor (HCF) of A and B.

(2 marks)

(b) Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of A and B .

(2 marks)

10 A = 35 × 5 × 73
B = 23 × 3 × 74

i) Find the Highest Common Factor (HCF) of A and B .

[1]

ii) Find the Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) of A and B .

[1]

(2 marks)

11 Work out the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 36 and 120.

(2 marks)
12 A = 23 × 32 × 52 × 11
B = 24 × 3 × 54 × 13
Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of A and B .
Give your answer as a product of powers of prime numbers.

(2 marks)

13 A machine has a buzzer that sounds every 50 minutes.

The machine also has a bell that sounds every 80 minutes.

The buzzer and the bell sound together at 10 am.

Find the time at which they next sound together.

(3 marks)

14 Work out the highest common factor (HCF) of 75 and 105.

(2 marks)

15 Work out the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 120 and 144.

(2 marks)
16 (a) Written as the product of its prime factors

672 = 25 × 3 × 7

Write 252 as the product of its prime factors.

(2 marks)

(b) Work out the value of the highest common factor of 672 and 252.

(1 mark)
Hard Questions
1 Find the highest odd number that is a factor of 60 and a factor of 90.

(1 mark)

2 234 = 2 × 32 × 13 1872 = 24 × 32 × 13 234 × 1872 = 438 048

Use this information to write 438 048 as a product of its prime factors.

(1 mark)

3 N = 24 × 3 × 75

PN = K , where P is an integer and K is a square number.

Find the smallest value of P .

P= ................................................

(2 marks)

4 Here are three lamps.

 Lamp A flashes every 20 seconds.
Lamp B flashes every 45 seconds.
Lamp C flashes every 120 seconds.

The three lamps start flashing at the same time.

How many times in one hour will the three lamps flash at the same time?

(3 marks)

5 Liz buys packets of coloured buttons.

There are 8 red buttons in each packet of red buttons.

There are 6 silver buttons in each packet of silver buttons.
There are 5 gold buttons in each packet of gold buttons.

Liz buys equal numbers of red buttons, silver buttons and gold buttons.

How many packets of each colour of buttons did Liz buy?

.................................... packets of red buttons

.................................... packets of silver buttons

.................................... packets of gold buttons

(3 marks)
6 Ali is planning a party.

He wants to buy some cakes and some sausage rolls.

The cakes are sold in boxes.

There are 12 cakes in each box.
Each box of cakes costs £2.50

The sausage rolls are sold in packs.

There are 8 sausage rolls in each pack.
Each pack of sausage rolls costs £1.20

Ali wants to buy more than 60 cakes and more than 60 sausage rolls.
He wants to buy exactly the same number of cakes as sausage rolls.

What is the least amount of money Ali will have to pay?

(5 marks)

7 John buys some boxes of pencils and some packets of pens for people to use at a
conference.

There are 40 pencils in a box.

There are 15 pens in a packet.

John gives one pencil and one pen to each person at the conference.
He has no pencils left.
He has no pens left.

How many boxes of pencils and how many packets of pens did John buy?

(3 marks)
8 (a) Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 40 and 56.

(2 marks)

(b) A = 23 × 3 × 5 B = 22 × 3 × 52

Write down the highest common factor (HCF) of A and B.

(1 mark)

9 A = 52 × 74 × 11p
B = 5m × 7n – 5 × 11

m , n and p are integers such that

m>2
n > 10
p >1

Find the highest common factor (HCF) of A and B

Give your answer as a product of powers of its prime factors.

(2 marks)
10 (a) Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 96 and 120 .

(2 marks)

A = 23 × 5 × 72 × 11
(b) B = 24 × 7 × 11
C = 3 × 52

Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of A , B and C .

(2 marks)

A = 35 × 5 × 73
11 B = 23 × 3 × 74
C = 2p × 5q × 7 r

Given that

the HCF of B and C is 23× 7

the LCM of A and C is 24× 35× 52× 73

Find the value of p , the value of q and the value of r .

p= .......................................................
q= .......................................................
r= .......................................................

(2 marks)
12 N is a number.

As a product of prime factors in index form N = 2 × 34 × y 3

Work out 3N 2 as a product of prime factors in index form.

Give your answer in terms of y .

(3 marks)