PHYSICS - II B CAPACITORS

SYNOPSIS Let the amount of charge after the conductors

are connected, are Q1| and Q|2 respectively, then
1. ELECTRIC CAPACITY (OR) CAPACITANCE
Q1 Q2
i) Capacity of a conductor: ++ + + + + + +++
+ + + +
When a conductor is charged then its potential +
C1 + A
+ +
B
+
+C
rises. The increase in potential is directly + + + + 2
+ + + +
+++ + + + + ++ + + +
proportional to the charge given to the V1 V2
conductor. x) Charges are redistributed in the ratio of their
Q  V or Q  CV capacities.
The constant C is called the capacity of the  Q I1 : Q I 2  C1 : C 2 (since V is same)
conductor.
In case of spherical conductors then
Electric capacity of a conductor is its ability to
store electric charge. Q I1 : Q I 2  r1 : r2
ii) It is a scalar quantity. Its S.I. unit is farad. xi) Common potential,
iii) If V = 1 Volt, then C = Q Q1  Q 2 C1V1  C 2 V2
i.e., the capacity of a conductor is numerically V 
C1  C2 C1  C2
equal to the electric charge which raises its
potential by unit. xii) Effective capacity,
iv) Capacity is independent of charge and poten- Q Q11  Q12 Q11 Q12
tial of the conductor. C     C1  C2
V V V V
v) Electric capacity of a spherical conductor is r1V1  r2 V2
given by C   4 o  R xiii) In case of spherical conductors then V 
r1  r2
+ + + Q
+ + xiv) When charge flows through the conducting wire
+ R +
then energy is lost on account of Joule’s heat-
+ +
+
O
+ ing effect, i.e electrical energy is converted into
+
+ + +
+ heat energy. Hence the stored energy of the con-
ductors somewhat decreases.
where R is the radius of the sphere.
vi) The capacity of a conductor depends on the Loss in energy of the system
surface area of the conductor and 1 1 1
U  C1V12  C2 V22  CV 2
the medium around the conductor (dielectric 2 2 2
constant of the medium)
1  C1C2  2
vii) In charging a conductor, work is required to be = 2  C  C  V1  V2 
 1 2
done. This work done is stored up as the poten-
tial energy of the conductor. xv) If V1 = V2, then neither the charge flows nor the
Energy of a charged conductor, energy is lost.
1 1 Q2 xvi) If n identical charged liquid drops are com-
U CV2  QV  bined to form a big drop then
2 2 2C
viii) When two charged bodies are connected by a S.No. Quantity For each charged For the big
conducting wire then charge flows from a small drop drop
conductor at higher potential to that at lower 1. Radius r R=n1/3 r
potential until their potentials are equal. 2. Charge q Q=n×q
ix) Let the amounts of charge on two conductors A 3. Capacity C C1 = n1/3 × C
and B are Q1 and Q2 their capacities are C1 and 4. Potential V V1 = n2/3 × V
C 2 and their potentials are V 1 and V 2 5. Energy U U1 = n5/3 U
respectively, then 6. Surface charge    n1/ 3 .
Q1  C1V1 and Q 2  C 2 V2 density

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2. CAPACITOR (OR)CONDENSER : vii) Energy stored in a capacitor,

Capacitor is a device to store electric charge and 1 1 1 Q2
electrostatic energy at low potentials. U= QV = CV2 =
2 2 2 C
Principle : The capacity of a conductor can be
increased by reducing potential. This is done by The energy is stored between the plates of the
bringing an uncharged and earth connected conduc- condenser in the form of electrical energy.
tor nearer to it. viii) Energy stored per unit volume of the medium =
i) Parallel plate capacitor : 1
0 E2
A parallel plate capacitor consists of two equal 2
flat parallel metal plates facing each other and 1
separated by a dielectric. The plates may be ix) The energy stored in the capacitor is QV..
2
square, rectangle or circular in shape. But the energy drawn from the battery is QV.
d
+ -
+ - x) When a dielectric slab of thickness ‘t’ is
+ -
+ - introduced between the plates
V 1 =V + - V 2=0 t
+ -
+ -
+ - e0 A e0 A
+ -
C|= =
t æ 1ö
+q d- t + d - t çç1- ÷ ÷
-q k çè k ø÷
The capacity of a capacitor, d

 magnitude of ch arg e on each plate  Q In this case the capacity increases. To restore
C  the capacity to original value the distance of
p.d. between the plates V
 1
ii) Capacity of a parallel plate condenser seperation is to be increased by t 1  
 K

0 A xi) If a metal slab of thickness ‘t’ is introduced be-

C0  tween the plates, then
d
A
where A is effective area between the plates. C 0 because for metals K is infinity..
dt
d is distance between the plates.
xii) If a number of dielectric slabs of thickness t1, t2,
iii) The space between the plates is filled with a
t3......tn and dielectric constant K1, K2......Kn are
0 A inserted between the plates, each parallel to plate
material of dielectric constant K then C  K
d surface, then equivalent capacity.
C
and K = C
0 0 A
‘C’=
iv) Electric field between the plates is uniform and  1   1   1 
 d  t1  1    t 2  1   ....  t n  1 
Electric intensity, E =   K1   K2   K n 
0
Here s is the surface charge density on the plates, xiii) If those slabs completely fill up the gap between
the plates(without air space) then the capacity is
Q
s = 0 A 0 A
A C= =
 t1 t2 tn   t / k
v) Potential difference between the plates  K  K  .....  K 
1 2 n

V = E.d =  d 3. DIELECTRIC MATERIALS
0
i) The materials which do not allow electric
1
vi) Force on each plate is F = EQ charges to pass through them are called insula-
2
tors (or) dielectrics.
Where E is the electric field between the plates. Ex : Wood, glass, etc.,

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 PHYSICS - II B CAPACITORS

ii) A dielectric material is placed in an electric field d) Equivalent capacity of a combination,

E0 in between the charged plates of a capaci- 1 1 1 1
tor as shown in figure.   
C C1 C2 C3
 Ei
The equivalent capacity is less than the least
+ - + - + -+ -
-+ - + individual capacity
+ - + -
+ - + -+ -+ - e) When ‘n’ identical condensers each of ca-
+ - + -+ - + - pacity C are combined in series, the effec-
 E0 tive capacity Cs = C/n
iii) Now each molecule becomes polarized and gets f) Energies of the condensers
net dipolemoment. 1 1 1
U1 : U2 : U3 = : :
iv) Due to induced surface charges at the surfaces C1 C2 C3
of the dielectric, induced electric field E i is g) Total energy of the combination
developed opposite to E0 . U = U1 + U2 + U3
Net electric field between the plates ii) Parallel grouping of condensers :
E  E0  Ei a) If number of capcitors are connected be-
E0 tween same two terminals so that the poten-
Also we know that E 
K tial difference across every one of them is
same then they are said to be connected in
 1 parallel.
 E i  E 0 1 
 K 
V

v) The induced charge on each surface, + C1 -

Q1
 1 C2
qi   q0 1   + -
 K Q2
Q Q
Where q0 is the charge on each plate. C3
+ -
4. GROUPING OF CONDENSERS Q3
i) Series grouping of condensers: b) Total charge, Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
a) If number of condensers are connected end c) P.D. across each condenser is same
to end, so that all the capacitors will get the d) Charge of each condenser is different
same charge Q, then they are said to be con-
Q1 : Q2 : Q3 = C1 : C2 : C3
nected in series.
e) Equivalent capacity of the combination
V C = C1 + C2 + C3
The equivalent capacity is greater than the
C1 C 2 C3 greatest individual capacity
f) When ‘n’ identical condensers each of ca-
pacity C are combined in parallel, then the
V1 V2 V3
effective capacity Cp = nC
b) All plates have the same charge in magni- g) Energies of the condensers
tude. U1 : U2 : U3 = C1 : C2 : C3
c) Potential differences between the plates are h) Total energy of the combination
different,
U = U1 + U2 + U3
1 1 1
V1 : V2 : V3 = C : C : C i) If N identical plates are arranged as shown
1 2 3 in figure. Then (N–1) capacitors will be
and V = V1 + V2 + V3 formed and they will be in parallel grouping.

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d) Effective capacity
CC  A  2K K   2K K 
C  1 2  0  1 2   c0  1 2 
C1  C2 d  K1  K2   K1  K2 
Here C 0 is the capacity of the condenser
with air medium.
Equivalent capacitance C1 = (N–1) C v) Effect of introducing a dielectric slab between
the two plates of a parallel plate charged
Where C is the capacitance of a capacitor = capacitor.
0 A When the
Quantity When the When the
d to be condenser is dielectric slab dielectric slab
iii) When the space between the plates of a parallel compared fully charged is introduced is introduced
with air without the with the
plate condenser is completely filled with two between battery battery
slabs of dielectric constants K1 and K2 and each the two plates
A Charge Qo Qo KQo
slab having area and thickness equal to Capacity Co KCo
2 KCo
distance of seperation d as shown in the figure. P.D. between Vo V o Vo
the two plates K
Intensity of
the electric Eo
Eo Eo
K1 K2 field between K
the two plates
Energy Uo
0A stored in Uo KUo
K
a) Capacity of the left half C1  K1  condenser
2d
vi) When two condensers of capacities C 1 and C 2
 A charged to potentials V1 and V2 are connected
b) Capacity of the right half C2  K 2  0
2d parallel, so that positive plates are connected
c) C1 and C2 may be supposed to be connected by a wire and negative plates are connected by
in parallel then effective capacity another wire as shown in figure.
C1
 0 A  K1  K 2  +
C = C1 + C2 
d  2 
+

iv) When the space between the plates of a parallel C

+ 2
plate condenser is completely filled with two
+
slabs of dielectric constants K1 and K2 and each
a) Charge flows from condenser of high po-
d tential to low potential till common poten-
slab having area A and thickness equal to as
2 tial is reached
shown in the figure Q  Q2
b) Common potential V = 1
C1  C2
K1
K2 C1V1  C2 V2
= C1  C2
2K1 o A 1 1
a) Capacity of the upper half C1  c) Initial energy stored = C1V12  C2 V22
d 2 2
2K 2 o A 1 2
Final energy stored = (C1  C2 )V
b) Capacity of the lower half C2  2
d
1 C1C2 2
c) C1 and C2 may be supposed to be connected Loss of energy = 2 C  C (V1  V2 )
in series. 1 2

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vii) When two condensers of capacities C 1 and C 2

1 Q | Q 
charged to potentials V1 and V2 are connected V1    0
antiparallel as shown in the figure. 4  0  a b 
C1
+ b) Induced charge on the inner shell.
+
a
Q|  .Q
b
+
+ c) Capacitance of the system,
C2
Q1  Q2 b2
a) Common potential V  C |  4  0 .
C1  C2 ba
C1V1  C2 V2 d) This arrangement is not a capacitor. But it’s

C1  C2 capacitance is equivalent to the sum of
1 C1C2 capacitance of spherical capacitor and
b) Loss of energy = 2 C  C (V1 + V2)2 spherical conductor i.e
1 2

Loss of energy is more in this case com- b2 ab

4  0 .  4  0  4  0 b
pared with previous case. ba ba
6. CYLINDRICAL CAPACITOR
5. SPHERICAL CAPACITOR
It consists of two concentric cylinders of radii a
It consists of two concentric conducting shells and b (a < b), inner cylinder is given a charge +Q
of radii a and b (a<b). while outer cylinder is earthed. Common length of
i) Inner shell is given a charge + Q, while outer the cylinders is  then
shell is earthed.
b
Q
a) Potential difference between the shells is a

Q Q -Q 2  0
V  a C
4  0a 4  0 b  b
b loge  
+Q  a

ab
b) Capacitance : C  4   0 .
ba 7. TYPES OF CAPACITORS :
c) In the presence of a dielectric medium i) Variable capacitor :
(dielectric constant K) between the shells. a) In this capacitor, the capacity can be varied
ab by varying the effective area between the
C |  4   0 K.
ba plates
ii) If outer shell is given a charge + Q while b) They are used in tuning circuits in radio and
inner shell is earthed T.V receivers because their capacity can be
a) The potential at the surface of inner shell is varied.
zero, so if Q| is the charge induced on inner ii) Multiple capacitor :
shell then
a) Its capacity is fixed.
b) It consists several parallel plate capacitors
a which are connected in parallel.
b c) Mica is used as dielectric between the plates
because the dielectric constant of mica does
not change much with temperature.

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d) They are used in high frequency oscillating 2. The capacitance of a capacitor depends on
circuits and as standard capacitors in labo- (ATB)
ratories because their capacity does not 1) the geometry of the plates
change much with temperature. 2) separation between plates
iii) Paper capacitor : 3) the dielectric between the plates
a) In this capacitor, a paper soaked in oil or 4) all the above
wax is used as dielectric in between tin foils 3. A capacitor works in
which act as capacitor plates. 1) A.C. circuits 2) D.C. circuits
K o A 3) both the circuits
b) C  here A is very high, d is very 4) neither in A.C. nor in D.C. circuit
d
small. 4. The capacity of parallel plate condenser
 C is very high. depends on (MP PMT-2000; JIPMER-2002)
1) the type of metal used
c) They are used in radio circuits and in labo-
2) The thickness of plates
ratories because they have high capacity and
their size is small. 3) The potential applied across the plates
4) The separation between the plates
iv) Electrolyte capacitors :
5. An uncharged capacitor is connected to a
a) It consists two sheets of aluminium foils battery. On charging the capacitor
with electrolyte like Ammonium borate in (KCET-2002)
between them. 1) All the energy supplied is stored in the
b) If d.c is passed then aluminimum oxide layer capacitor
of thickness of the order of 10–6 cm is formed 2) Half the energy suppllied is stored in the
on anode plate. This acts as dielectric. capacitor
3) The energy stored depends upon the
c) This capacitor should be connected with
capacity of the capacitor only
proper polarity in a circuit, other wise the
4) The energy stored depends upon the time
oxide film will break. for which the capacitor is chargred
d) These are used when high capacitances are
6. If there are n capacitors each of capacity ‘C’
required because the dielectric oxide layer in parallel connected to V volt source, then
is very thin. the energy stored is equal to (AIEEE-2002)
EXERCISE - I i 1
1) CV 2) nCV 3) CV2
2
4)
1
CV 2
1. Read the following statements (ATL) 2 2n
a) Non polar molecules have uniform charge 7. In case of parallel plate capacitor ,the field
distribution will not be uniform at the outer edges of the
b) Polar molecules have non - uniform charge plates. This is called, (ATB)
distribution 1) Frogging 2) Fringing
3) Jumping 4) Polarisation
c) Molecules are already polarized 
without electric field in polar molecules 8. The electric field ( E ) between two parallel
d) Molecules are not already polarized plates of a capacitor will be uniform if (ATB)
without electric field in Non – polar 1) the plate separation (d) is equal to area of
molecules the plate (A)
1) only a & b are correct 2) the plate separation (d) is greater when
compared to area of the platel (A)
2) only c & d are correct
3) the plate separation (d) is less when
3) only 'c' is wrong compared to area of plate (A)
4) all are correct 4) 2 (or) 3

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9. A parallel plate air capacitor is fully charged 14. Two identical metal plates are given positive
and then the battery is removed. A dielectric charges Q1 and Q2(<Q1) respectively. If they
slab is now put between the plates. Which of
are brought close together to form a parallel
the following statements is correct?
plate capacitor with capacitance ‘C, the P.D
(MP PET-1995)
between them is
1) The charge on the plates decreases
2) The charge on the plates does not change, Q1  Q 2 Q1  Q 2
1) 2)
but the potential difference increases 2C C
3) The charge on the plates does not change, Q1  Q 2 Q1  Q 2
the potential difference between the plates 3) 4)
C 2C
decreases and the energy stored also 15. A capacitor C is connected to a battery
decreases
circuit having two switches S 1 and S 2 and
4) The charge on the plates does not change, resistors R1 and R2. The capacitor will be fully
the potential difference between the plates charged when
increases and the energy stored also
S1 S2
increases R1
10. Two conductors when connected by a wire,
R2
charge flows if they have C
1) different charges
2) different potentials 1) both S1 and S2 are closed
3) different capacites 2) S1 is closed and S2 is open
4) different charge densities 3) S1 is open and S2 is closed
11. For metals the value of dielectric constant (K) 4) any one of the above
is (ATB) 16. Figure shows two capacitors connected in
1) One 2) Infinity series and joined to a cell. The graph shows
3) Zero 4) Two the variation in potential as one moves from
left to right on the branch containing
12. A parallel plate condenser is charged and capacitors.
disconnected from the battery. If the plates of
the capacitor are moved further apart by
means of insulating handles (1996 E)
1) The charge in the capacitor is zero
2) The capacitance becomes infinite
3) The charge in the capacitor increases C1 C2
4) The voltage across the plates increases 1) C1 > C2 2) C1= C2
13. Two spherical conductors of radii R1 and R2 3) C1 < C2
(R2 > R1) are placed concentrically in air. The 4) data insufficient to conclude the answer
two are connected by a copper wire as shown 17. Three identical condensers are connected in
in figure. Then the equivalent capacity of the different combinations using all three each
system is time arrange the following cases in the
1) 40 (R1 + R2) increasing order of effective capacity.
2) 40 R1 i) all in series ii) all in parallel
3) 40 R2 iii) two in series and one in parallel
iv) two in parallel and one in series
4  0 R1R 2
4) 1) i, iv, iii, ii 2) i, ii, iii, iv
R2  R1
3) ii, iii, i, iv 4) iii, ii, iv, i

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18. Statement 'A' : The energy stored gets reduced ASSERTION & REASON
by a factor 'K' when the battery is In each of the following questions, a statement of
disconnected after charging the capacitor Assertion (A) is given followed by a corresponding
and then the dielectric is introduced statement of Reason (R) just below it. Of the
Statement 'B' : The energy stored in the statement mark the correct answer
capacitor increases by a factor 'k' when a 1) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct
dielectric is introduced between the plates with explanation of ‘A’.
the battery present in the circut (ATL) 2) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is not the
1) only 'A' is correct correct explanation of ‘A’
2) only 'B' is correct 3) ‘A’ is true and ‘R’ is false
3) both A & B are wrong 4) ‘A’ is false and ‘R’ is true
4) both A & B are correct 21. (A) : A metallic shield in form of a hollow shell
may be built to block an electric field.
19. A parallel plate capacitor filled with a material
(R) : In a hollow spherical shield, the electric
of dielectric constant K is charged to a certain
field inside it is zero at every point.
voltage. The battery is disconnected. The
(AIIMS-2001)
dielectric material is removed. Then
22. (A) : When two spheres carrying same charge
a) The capacitance decreased by a factor K
but of a different radie are connected by
b) The electric field reduces by a factor K a conducting wire, the charge flows from
c) The voltage across the capacitor increases smaller sphere to larger sphere.
by a factor K (R) : Smaller sphere is at high potential when
d) The charge stored in the capacitor in- equal charges are imparted to both the
creased by a factor K (2004-E) spheres
1) (a) and (b) are true 23. (A) : Two capacitors are connected in parallel
2) (a) and (c) are true to a battery. If a dielectric medium is
3) (b) and (c) are true inserted between the plates of one of the
4) (b) and (d) are true capacitors then the energy stored in the
system will increase.
20. Match the following (R) : On inserting dielectric medium between the
Set – I Set – II plates of a capacitor, its capacity increases
a) Electrolyte e) Radio circuits & cheap 24. (A) : When a charged capacitor is discharged
Capacitors in cost through a resistor, heat is produced in the
b) Paper Capacitor f) Proper polarity & resistor
high capacitance of (R) : In charging a capacitor, energy is stored in
order 103  F the capacitor.
c) Multiple g) High frequency
ANSWERS
Capacitor oscillating circuits
1) 4 2) 4 3) 3 4) 4 5) 2
d) Variable h) Tuning circuts in radio
Capacitor & T.V receivers 6) 2 7) 2 8) 3 9) 3 10) 2
1) a – f , b – g, c– h , d – e 11) 2 12) 4 13) 3 14) 4 15) 2
2) a – g , b – f , c –e, d - h 16) 3 17) 1 18) 4 19) 2 20) 3
3) a - f , b – e, c - g, d – h
21) 1 22) 1 23) 1 24) 2
4) a – h, b - e, c– f , d – g

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EXERCISE - IIA i 7. The effective capacitance in  F in between

A and B will be (PB PMT-2001, DPMT-2003)
(CLASS WORK)
1) 28/9 12F
1. Two connected bodies having respective 2 F

capacitances C1 and C2 are charged with a 2) 4

A B
total charge Q. The potentials of the two 2 F
3) 5
bodies are.
4) 18 2F
Q Q Q Q Q Q
1) C  C , C  C 2) C + C , C + C 8. In the given figure each capacitor is equal to
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
45  F then the equivalent capacity between
C1C2 C1C2 Q Q Q A and B in the given circuit is
3) C + C , C - C 4) C  C , C  C
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
A B
2. Three connected conductors A, B and C have
a total charge of 48 C . The ratio of their
capacitances are 1 : 3 : 2. The charges on 1) 15 F 2) 10 F 3) 40 F 4) 135 F
them individually.
9. Four plates of the same area of cross section
1) 24 C,12 C,12 C 2) 8 C,18 C,22 C
are joined as shown in figure. The distance
3) 8 C,24 C,16 C 4) 16 C,16 C,16 C between each plate is d. The equivalent
3. A body is charged to a certain potential. capacity across A and B will be
When, an additional charge of 60 nC is im-
parted to it, the rise in potential is found to be A

15 mV. Find the capacitance of the body. B

1) 6  F 2) 8 F 3) 4 F 4) 2  F
4. The capacity of a parallel plate capacitor
2 0 A 3 0 A 3 0 A 0 A
formed by the plates of same area A is 0.02  F 1) 2) 3) 4)
d d 2d d
with air as dielectric. Now one plate is
replaced by a plate of area 2A and dielectric 10. A parallel plate condenser has plates of area
(K=2) is introduced between the plates, the 200 cm2 and separation 0.05 cm. The space
capacity is between plates have been filled with a
1) 0.04 F 2) 0.08 F dielectric having K = 8 and then charged to
3) 0.01 F 4) 2 F 300 volts. The stored energy
1) 1.6 × 10–5 J 2) 2 × 10–6 J
5. The capacities of three capacitors are in ratio
3) 12.4 × 10–5 J 4) 1.6 × 64 × 10–5 J
1 : 2 : 3. Their equivalent capacity when
60 11. A capacitor connected to a 10V battery
connected in parallel is  F more than that collects a charge 40  C with air as dielectric
11
when they are connected in series. The and 100  C with oil as dielectric. The
individual capacitors are of capacities in  F.. dielectric constant of oil is
2002-EAMCET(E) 1) 2 2) 2.5 3) 4 4) 10
1) 4, 6, 7 2) 1, 2, 3 3) 2, 3, 4 4) 1, 3, 6 12. When a dielectric slab of thickness 6 cm is
introduced between the plates of parallel plate
6 Three condensers of capacity 4 mF, 2 mF and
condenser, it is found that the distance between
3mF are connected such that 2 mF and 3 mF
the plates has to be increased by 4 cm to
are in series and 4 mF is parallel to them. The restore to capacity to original value. The
equivalent capacity of the combination is dielectric constant of the slab is
1) 9 mF 2) 5.2 mF 3) 2.6 mF 4) 10 mF 1) 1.5 2) 2/3 3) 3 4) 4

AKASH MULTIMEDIA 165

CAPACITORS PHYSICS - II B

13. A parallel plate capacitor with air as medium 20 Three condensers of same capacity connected
between the plates has a capacitance 10 mF. in series has effective capacity 2mF. If they
The area of the capacitor is divided into two are connected in parallel and charged using a
equal halves and filled with two media having battery of emf 12V, the total energy stored in
dielectric constants K 1 = 2 and K 2 = 4. The the combination is
capacitance of the system will be 1) 1296 mJ 2) 648 mJ
1) 10 mF 2) 20 mF 3) 30 mF 4) 40 mF 3) 162 mJ 4) 48 mJ
14. Two identical parallel plate capacitors are 21 The work done in increasing the P.D. across
joined in series to 100 V battery. Now a the plates of a capacitor from 4V to 6V is W.
dielectric with K = 4 is introduced between The further work done in increasing the P.D.
the plates of second capacitor. The potential from 6V to 8V is
difference on capacitors are 4W 3W 7W 5W
1) 60 V, 40 V 2) 70 V, 30 V 1) 2) 3) 4)
3 4 5 7
3) 75 V, 25 V 4) 80 V, 20 V
22. Between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor
15. A condenser of capacity C1 of capacity C, two parallel plates, of the same
16 mF charged to a material and area same as the plate of the
potential of 20 V is original capacitor, are placed. If the thickness
connected to a condenser of of these plates is equal to 1/5 th of the distance
capacity C charged to a C2 between the plates of the original capacitor,
potential of 10 V as shown then the capacity of the new capacitor is
in the figure. If the common potential is 14 V, 2003-EAMCET(M)
the capacity C is equal to 5 3 3C 10C
1) C 2) C 3) 4)
1) 18 mF 2) 24 mF 3) 8 mF 4) 4 mF 3 5 10 3
16. A 4  F capacitor is charged by a 200 V 23. The plates of a parallel plate capacitor are
battery. It is then disconnected from the supply charged upto 200 Volts. A dielectric slab of
thickness 4 mm is inserted between its plates.
and is connected to another uncharged 2  F
Then to maintain the same potential difference
capacitor. During the process loss of energy between the plates of the capacitor, the
(in J) is 2005-(E) distance between the plates is increased by
1) Zero 2) 5.33  10 2 3.2 mm. The dielectric constant of the
3) 4  10 2 4) 2.67  10
2 dielectric slab is 2004-(E)
1) 1 2) 4 3) 5 4) 6
17. Three condensers of capacities 3 mF, 6 mF, 24. A 20F capacitor is charged to 5V and isolated.
12mF are connected in series with a battery. It is then connected in parallel with an
If the charge on 12 mF condenser is 24 mC, uncharged 30F capacitor. The decrease in the
the P.D. across the battery is
energy of the system will be (2001 E-1)
1) 2 V 2) 4 V 3) 8 V 4) 14 V
1) 25 J 2) 100 J 3) 125 J 4) 150 J
18. The charge on a capacitor is 30  C.It is
25. A parallel plate capacitor with air between
connected to another capacitor of half of its the plates has a capacitance of 9 pF . The
capacity in parallel then the charge on the separation between its plates is 'd' .The space
first capacitor is between the plates is now filled with two
1) 30  C 2) 9  C 3) 10  C 4) 20  C dielectrics.One of the dielectrics has dielectric
constant k1= 3 and thickness d/3 while the
19. A charged sphere is connected to a similar
other one has dielectric constant k2 = 6 and
uncharged sphere. Then the percentage loss
thickness 2d/3. Capacitance of the capacitor
of energy is is now (2008-AIEEE)
1) 50% 2) 25% 3) 20% 4) 10% 1) 1.8pF 2) 45 pF 3) 40.5 pF 4) 20.25 pF
166 AKASH MULTIMEDIA
PHYSICS - II B CAPACITORS

26. A parallel plate capacitor with air as dielectric

is charged to a potential 'V' using a battery.
EXERCISE - IIB i
Removing the battery, the charged capacitor (HOME WORK)
is then connected across an identical 1. A sphere A of radius 5 cm contains a charge
uncharged parallel plate capacitor filled with of 120 nC. It is connected to two other spheres
wax of dielectric constant 'k'. The common B and C having respective radii of 10 cm and
potential of both the capacitor is (2009-M) 15 cm. Determine the charges on each of the
1) V volts 2) kV volts spheres.
V 1) 20nC, 60nC, 40nC 2) 20nC, 40nC, 60nC
3) (k+1) V volts 4) volts
k 1 3) 20nC, 40nC, 10nC 4) 20nC, 80nC, 20nC
*27. The capacity of a parallel plate capacitor of 2. The diameter of each plate of an air capacitor
each plate area of 10cm × 10cm and separated is 4 cm. To make the capacity of this plate
by a distance 1 mm capacitor equal to that of a sphere of diameter
1) 88.42 PF 2) 8 PF 3) 2 PF 4) 10 PF 20 cm, the distance between the plates will be
*28. Three capacitors of capacitance 2  F, 4  F 1) 4 × 10–3 m 2) 1 × 10–3 m
and 6  F are connected in parallel and a 3) 1 cm 4) 1 × 10–3 cm
potential difference of 12 V is applied. The 3. The capacitance of two condensers in parallel
charge on each capacitor is four times when they are connected in series.
1) 6 C, 2 C, 1C 2) 3 C, 6 C, 18 C The ratio of the individual capacitances will
3) 24 C, 48 C, 72 C 4) 7 C, 14 C, 21 C be

*29. If the charge on a body is increased by an 1) 1 : 2 2) 1 : 1 3) 2 : 1 4) 4 : 1

amount of 2 C, the energy stored in it 4 A technician has only two capacitors. By using
increases by 21%. The original charge on the these singly in series or in parallel he is able
body. to obtain the capacitances of 3 F, 4F, 12F
1) 1 C 2) 10 C 3) 20 C 4) 15 C and 16 F . The capacitances of capacitors are
30. Determine the charges on each of the capaci- 1) 6F and 10F 2) 4F and 12F
tors shown in figures.
3) 7F and 9F 4) 4F and 16F
C1  3 F C2  4  F
5. The equivalent capacity of the combination is
C (2007 Med)

A C
14V B

1) 12 C, 12 C 2) 24 C, 24  C
C
3) 6 C, 8C 4) 8C, 6 C
1) C 2) 2C 3) C/2 4) 3C
ANSWERS 6. Four capacitors of capacity 3 F are
1) 1 2) 3 3) 3 4) 1 5) 2 connected as shown in figure . The ratio of
equivalent capacitance between A and B and
6) 2 7) 3 8) 4 9) 2 10) 3
between A and C will be
A B
11) 2 12) 3 13) 3 14) 4 15) 4
16) 4 17) 4 18) 4 19) 1 20) 1
21) 3 22) 1 23) 3 24) 4 25) 3
C
26) 4 27) 1 28) 3 29) 3 30) 2 1) 4 : 3 2) 3 : 4 3) 2 : 3 4) 3 : 2

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CAPACITORS PHYSICS - II B

7. Four plates of equal area A are separated by 13. A 5  F capacitor is fully charged across a 12
equal distance d and are arranged as shown V battery. It is then dissconnected from the
in the figure. The equivalent capacity is battery and connected to an uncharged
2 0 A capacitor. The voltage across it is found to
1) be 3 volts. The capacity of uncharged
d A B
3 0 A capacitor is
2) 1) 10 F 2) 5 F 3) 15 F 4) 1F
d
4 0 A 0 A 14 A body of capacity 6  F is charged to 20V
3) 4)
d d and another body of capacity 4 F is charged
8. The capacity of a condenser is 50 F . It has to 10 V. When they are connected the energy
charged to a p.d. of 100 volts by a battery. lost by the system is
The distance between the plates is decreased 1) 0.78mJ 2) 0.46mJ 3) 0.12mJ 4) 0.25 mJ
to half by maintaining the battery connection 15. When two capacitors, one of capacity 1F
then energy stored in condenser is and the other 2 F are connected in series and
1) 50 × 10–2 J 2) 250 × 10–2 J the combination is charged to a potential
3) 120 × 10–2 J 4) 20 × 10–2 J difference of 120 volts, the charge on the
combination is
9. A parallel plate capacitor has capacitance of 1) 80 C 2) 40 C 3) 60 C 4) 120 C
2  F in air and 12  F when immersed in oil.
16. A sphere P of radius 6 cm is charged to a
The dielectric constant of the oil is
potential of 12V and is connected to an un-
(PB PMT-2003)
charged sphere Q of radius 3 cm. Determine
1) 5 2) 4 3) 3 4) 6 the loss in energy during the process.
10. A parallel plate capacitor has a capacity C. 1) 12 × 10–11 Joules 2) 16 × 10–11 Joules
The separation between plates is doubled and
3) 18 × 10–11 Joules 4) 24 × 10–11 Joules
a dielectric medium is inserted between plates.
The new capacity is 3C. The dielectric 17. A 0  2  F capacitor is charged to 600 V. After
constant of medium is disconnecting the battery, it is put in parallel
1) 1.5 2) 3.0 3) 6.0 4) 12.0 with an uncharged 1F capacitor. The
potential now is
11. Consider a parallel plate capacitor of 10  F
1) 100 V 2) 200 V 3) 150 V 4) 10 V
with air filled in the gap between the plates.
Now one half of the space between the plates 18 The potential difference between the plates of
is filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant a condenser is increased by 20%. The energy
4, as shown in the figure. The capacity of the stored in the condenser increases by
capacitor changes to 1) 50% 2) 400%
3) 44% 4) 30% nearly
1) 25 F
19. Two identical capacitors are in parallel and
2) 20 F are connected to a battery of emf 3000V, store
K=4
3) 40 F 1120J of energy. When they are connected
in series to the same battery, the energy stored
4) 5 F in each capacitor is
12. A parallel plate capacitor has a capacity 2F . 1) 378 J 2) 140 J 3) 530 J 4) 70 J
A dielectric slab ( K = 5) is inserted between 20. A variable capacitor is kept connected to a 10V
the plates and capacitor is charged with 100 battery. If the capacitance of the capacitor is
V and then isolated. The potential when changed from 7 F to 3 F , the work done is
dielectric is removed is 1) 2 × 10–4 J 2) 4 × 10–4 J
1) 200 V 2) 500 V 3) 300 V 4) 10 V –4
3) 6 × 10 J 4) 8 × 10–4 J

168 AKASH MULTIMEDIA

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21 The distance between the plates of a condenser 29. The electric energy density between the plates
is reduced to ¼ th and the space between the of charged condencer is
plates is filled up by a medium of dielectric 2q q
constant K = 2.8. The capacity is increased to 1) 2 A 2)
0 2 0 A 2
1) 11.2 2) 22 times
3) 14 times 4) none q2
3) 4) none of the above
22. Capacitance of a capacitor becomes 7/6 times 2 0 A 2
its original value if a dielectric slab of thickness 30. Two parallel metal plates carry charges +Q
t = 2d/3 is introduced in between the plates. and -Q. A test charge placed betqeen the plates
‘d’ is the separation between the plates. The experiences a force F. The separation between
dielectric constant of the dielectric slab is the plates is doubled, then the force on test
(2004-EAMCET(M)) charge will now be
14 11 7 11 1) F 2) F/2 3) 2F 4) F/4
1) 2) 3) 4)
11 14 11 7 31. A 100  F capacitor is charged to 200 volt. It
23. The equivalent capacity of four identical is discharged through a 2 ohm resistance . The
capacitors is 12  F when they are connected amount of heat generated will be
in parallel and a potential of 400 V is applied. 1) 2 J 2) 4 J 3) 0.2 J 4) 0.4 J
If they are connected in series and same
potential is applied then change in energy ANSWERS
stored in the system is
1) 2 2) 2 3) 2 4) 2 5) 2
1) 90 × 10–2 J 2) 48 × 10–2 J
3) 40 × 10–3 J 4) 20 × 10–2 J 6) 1 7) 1 8) 1 9) 4 10) 3
24. Assume the earth to be spherical conductor 11) 1 12) 2 13) 3 14) 3 15) 1
of radius 6400km,the capacitance is
16) 2 17) 1 18) 3 19) 2 20) 1
1) 711 F 2) 711F 3) 710F 4) 71F
21) 1 22) 1 23) 1 24) 2 25) 2
25. A capacitor has a capacitance of 8.5 F . How
much charge must be removed to lower the 26) 4 27) 1 28) 3 29) 3 30) 1
potential difference of its plates by 50 volt 31) 1
1) 426C 2) 425 C 3) 500 C 4) 425C
26 Capacitance of a capacitor by a thin metal EXERCISE - III i
foil is 2 F . If the foil is folded onto itself with 1. Two condensers of capacities C and 3C are
a paper of thickness 0.15mm and dielectric connected in parallel and then connected in
constant of paper is 205, width of paper is series with a third condenser of capacity 3C.
40mm then length of foil will be The combination is charged with a battery of
1) 0.34 m 2) 1.33 m 3) 13.4 m 4) 339 m ‘ V ’ volt. The charge on condenser of capacity
27 Three capacitors of capacitance 3mF are C is ( in coloumb)
connected in a circuit. Then their maximum 1) 1/2(CV) 2) 3CV/7 3) 2CV 4) 3/2(CV)
and minimum capacitances will be
1) 9mF,1mF 2) 8mF, 2mF 2. The equivalent capacity between A and B in
3) 9mF, 0mF 4) 3mF, 2mF the given circuit is (C 1 =4  F,C 2 =12  F,,
C3 = 8  F, C4 = 4  F, C5 = 8  F)
28 If n drops, each of capacitance C, coalese to
form a single big drop, then the ratio of the 1) 24  F 2) 36  F C5

energy stored in the big drop to that in each 16 8 B

small drop will be 3) F 4) F C1 C2 C3
3 3
1) n : 1 2) n1/ 3 :1 3) n 5 / 3 :1 4) n2 :1 C4

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CAPACITORS PHYSICS - II B

3. An infinite number of identical 8. Two identical condensers M and N are

capacitors each of capacity connected in series with a battery. The space
1mF are connected as shown 8 Capacitors
between the plates of 'M' is completely filled
16 Capacitors with dielectric medium of dielectric constant
in the figure. The equivalent
8 and a copper plate of thickness d/2 is
capacity between A and B introduced between the plates of N.
A B
1) 1/2 mF 2) 1 mF 3) 2 mF 4) 4 mF (d=distance of seperation of the plates). Then
the potentials of M and N are respectively.
4. In the circuit, all capacitor
1) 1:4 2) 4:1 3) 3:8 4) 1:6
are identical, each of capacity
2 F and they are infinite in 8 Capacitors 9. Two parallel plate capacitors C and 2C are
number. If AB is connected to 16 Capacitors connected in parallel and charged to a P.D 'V'.
The battery is then disconnected and the
a battery of 10V then the charge
region between the plates of the capacitor 'C'
drawn from the battery is A B is completely filled with a material of dielectric
1) 40 C 2) 20 C 3) 10 C 4) 5 C constant 'K'. The P.D accross the capacitors
5. In the circuit if the energy of 8 F condenser now becomes
is E, the energy of 4 F condenser is 1) V 2) 3V 3) 3V/(K+2) 4) zero
10. Two identical capacitors are connected in
E ser ies. Char ge on each capacit or is qo. A
1) 2) 2E
2 4F dielectric slab is now introduced between the
E 5E plates of one of the capacitors so as to fill the
3) 4) 8F gap, the battery remaining connected. The
18 18 20  F charge in each capacitor will now be
6. The energy stored in 5 F and 8 F 2q o qo 2q o qo
1) 2) 3) 4)
1 1 k
capacitors are 1
k 1 1 1 k
k
9F
11. A 10  F capacitor and 20  F capacitor are
5F
A connected in series across 200 V supply line.
12 F 10 F 8 F The charged capacitors are then disconnected
60V
from the line and reconnected with their
B positive plates together and negative plates
1) 250 × 10–6
J, 36 × J 10–4 together and no external voltage is applied.
–6
2) 250 × 10 J, 240 × 10 J –4 What is the potential difference across each
capacitor? (MP PET-1997)
3) 250 × 10–6 J, 240 × 10–4 J
800 800
4) 250 × 10–6 J, 50 × 10–4 J 1) volt 2) volt
9 3
7. A capacitor is filled with two dielectrics of the
3) 400 volt 4) 200 volt
same dimensions but of dielectric constants 2
and 3 as shown in figure(a) and in figure (b); 12. Two parallel plate codensers A and B have
the ratio of the capacitances in the two capacities 1F and 5 F are charged sepe-
arrangements is rately to same potential of 100V. Now the
positive plate of A is connected to the negative
plate of B and the negative plate of A to the
2 positive of plate of B then
2 3
3 200C 1000C
1) final charge on A and B are and
3 3
2) the loss of energy is 1.63 × 10–2 J
1) 25 : 24 2) 24 : 25 3) both 1 and 2 are correct
3) 12 : 13 4) 13 : 12 4) both 1 and 2 are wrong

170 AKASH MULTIMEDIA

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13. A body of capacity 4  F is charged to 80V 19. A parallel plate capacitor of capacity 5 F
and another body of capacity 6  F is charged and plate separation 6cm is connected to a
to 30V. When they are connected the energy 1V battery and is charged. A dielectric of
lost by 4  F is (2001 E) dielectric constant 4 and thickness 4 cm
1) 7.8 mJ 2) 4.6 mJ 3) 3.2 mJ 4) 2.5 mJ introduced into the capacitor. The additional
14. A condenser of capacity 2mF charges to a charge that flows into the capacitor from the
potential 200V is connected in parallel with a battery is (EAMCET 2001 E)
condenser of same capacity but charged to a 1) 2C 2) 3C
potential 100V. The percentage loss of energy
3) 5C 4) 10C
of system is
20. A parallel plate capacitor of capacity 100  F
1) 50% 2) 35% 3) 20% 4) 10%
is charged by a battery of 50 volts. The battery
15. Two capacitors are in parallel and when
remains connected and if the plates of the
connected to a source of 3000 V, store 250 J
capacitor are separated so that the distance
of energy. When they are connected in series
to the same source, the energy stored between them becomes double the original
decreases by 190 J for the same potential. distance, the additional energy given by the
Their capacities are in the ratio battery to the capacitor in joules is
1) 3 : 2 2) 2 : 7 3) 4 : 3 4) 3 : 5 (EAMCET 2002 E)
16. Three capacitors with capacitances of 1F, 2F 1) 62.5 × 10–3 2) 12.5 × 10–3
and 3 F are connected in series. Each capacitor 3) 1.25 × 10–3 4) 0.125 × 10–3
gets punctured, if a potential difference just
21. The capacity of a parallel plate condenser with
exceeding 100 volt is applied. If the group is
air as dielectric is 2  F . The space between
connected across 220 volt circuit then the
capacitor most likely to puncture first is the plates is filled with dielectric slab with K=5.
1) capacitance 1F 2) capacitance 2F It is charged to a potential of 200V and
3) capacitance 3F disconnected from cell. Work done in removing
4) capacitance 1F (or) 2F (or) 3F the slab from the condenser completely
1) 0.8J 2) 0.6J 3) 1.2J 4) 1.6J
17. Five equal capacitors connected in series have
a resultant capacitance 4 F . What is the ratio 22. A parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and
of energy stored when the capacitors are plate separation d is charged to a potential V
connected in series and then parallel and are disconnected. A slab of dielectric constant
connected to the same source of emf in both K is then inserted between the plates of the
capacitor so as to fill the space between the
the cases is
plates. The work done on the system during
1) 1 : 5 2) 5 : 1 3) 1 : 25 4) 25 : 1 the process of inserting the slab is
18. A number of capacitors, each of capacitance
1 F and each one of which gets punctured if  0 AV 2  1
1)  1 
a potential differnece just exceeding 500 volt d  K
is applied are provided. Then an arrangement
 0 AV  1 
suitable for giving a capacitor of capacitance 2) 1
2d  K 
3F across which 2000 V may be applied
requires at least
 0 AV 2  1 
1) 4 component capacitors 3) 1
2d  K 
2) 96 component capacitors
3) 48 component capacitors  0 AV 2  1
4) 1
4) 3 component capacitors 2d  K 

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CAPACITORS PHYSICS - II B

23. A parallel plate air capacitor of capacitance 27. Three condensers are connected as shown in
C0 is connected to a cell of emf V and then series. If the insulated plate of C1 is at 45V
disconnected it. A dielectric slab of dielectric one plate of C3 is earthed, find the p.d between
constant K, which can just fill the air gap of the plates of C2
the capacitor, is now inserted in it. Which of
the following is correct ? 45V
0V
1) Charge on plates becomes KC 0 V C1 C2 C3
2) The energy stored in the capacitor becomes 4F 7F 4 F
K times 1) 10V 2) 20V 3) 30V 4) 45V
1 28. Two capacitors of capacity 4  F and 6  F aree
3) The change in energy C0 V 2  K  1
2 connected in series and a battery is connected
1 2 1  to the combination. The energy stored is E1.
4) The change in energy C0 V   1 If they are connected in parallel and if the
2 K
same battery is connected to this combination
24. A parallel plate capacitor has plate area A
the energy stored is E2. The ratio E1:E2 is
and separation d. It is charged to a potential
(2001-E)
difference V 0 . The charging battery is
1) 4 : 9 2) 9 : 14 3) 6 : 25 4) 7 : 12
disconnected and the plates are pulled apart
to three times the initial separation. The work 29. A parallel plate capacitor of capacity C 0 is
required to separate the plates is charged to a potential V0 .
1) The energy stored in the capacitor when
3 0 AV02  0 AV02
1) 2) the battery is disconnected and the plate sepa-
d 2d
ration is doubled is E1.
 0 AV02  AV2 2) The energy stored in the capacitor when
3) 4) 0 0
3d d the charging battery is kept connected and the
25. A dielectric slab of length l, width b, thickness separation between the capacitor plates is
d and dielectric constant K fills the space inside doubled is E2. Then E1/E2 2003-EAMCET(E)
a parallel plate capacitor. At t = 0, the slab
1) 4 2) 3/2 3) 2 4) 1/2
begins to be pulled out slowly with speed v. At
time t, the capacity of the capacitor is 30. A capacitor 1mF withstands a maximum
0 b voltage of 6KV while another capacitor 2mF
1) Kl   K  1 vt 
d  withstands a maximum voltage of 4KV. If the
0 b capacitors are connected in series, the system
2)
b
Kl  K  vt  will withstand a maximum voltage of (MNR)
0 b 1) 2 KV 2) 4 KV 3) 6 KV 4) 9 KV
3)  Kl  1 vt 
b  31. A battery of emf 20V is connect to two
0 b capacitors 1  F and 3  F in series. 1  F
4) l   K  1 vt 
d  capacitor withstands a maximum of 9V and
26. A and B are two points in a closed circuit. 3  F withstands a maximum voltage of 6V
The potential difference across the condenser then
of capacity 5  F is 1) 1 F capacitors break
5 F
+12V
3F
+2V 2) 2F capacitors break
A 6V B 3) both will break
1) 6V 2) 10V 3) 16V 4) 4V 4) no capacitor will break

172 AKASH MULTIMEDIA

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32. A fully charged capacitor has a capacitance 36. The capacity of each condenser in the
C. It is discharged through a small coil of following fig. is ‘C’. Then the equivalent
resistance wire embedded in a thermally capacitance across A and B is
insulated block of specific heat capacity s and A
mass m. If the temperature of the block is
raised by T , the potential difference V
across the capacitance is (AIEEE-2005)
B
2mCT mCT 1) C/4 2) 3C/4 3) 4C/3 4) 3C
1) 2)
s s
37. Four identical capacitors each rates as 10 F –
msT 2msT 10V are supplied to you to obtain capacitor
3) 4)
C C of 10 F – 20 V, we should connect them in
33. A spherical drop of capacitance 1F having 1) two rows each containing 2 condensers
an energy of 64mJ is at 4V. It is broken into 2) four rows each containing 1 condenser
eight drops of equal radii. The capacitance, 3) one row containing four condensers
potential and energy of each small drop is 4) all the above
1 38. n identical condensers are joined in parallel
1) F, 0.2V and 20mJ
8 and are charged to potential V so that energy
stored in each condenser is E. If they are
1 seperated and joined in series, then the total
2) F, 4V and 2mJ
4 energy and total potential difference of the
combination will be
1
3) F, 1V and 2mJ V
2 1) nE and 2) n2E and nV
n
1 E V
4) F, 2V and 2mJ 3) 2 and 2 4) nE and nV
2 n n
34. When a number of liquid drops each of surface 39. A condenser of capacity C1 is charged to a
charge density s and energy E combine, a potential V. The electrostatic energy stored
large drop is formed. If the charge density of in it is U0. It is connected to another uncharged
the large drop is 3s, its energy is condenser of capacity C 2 in parallel. the
1) 81E 2) 3E 3) 27E 4) 243 E energy dissipated in process is
 C2   C1 
35. If in the infinite series circuit,C = 9  F and 1)  C  C  U 0 2)  C  C  U 0
 1 2  1 2
C1 = 6  F then the capacity across AB is
 C1  C2   C1C2  2
C C 3)  C  C  U 0 4)  2(C  C )  U 0
 1 2  1 2 
A
40. The radii of two charged metal spheres are
C1 C1 5 cm and 10 cm both having same charge
75 mC. If they are connected by a wire, the
B
quantity of charge transferred through the
C C
wire is (NSTS)
1) 1.25  F 2) 6  F 1) 25 mC 2) 50 mC
3) 3  F 4) 12  F 3) 75 mC 4) zero

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41. A parallel plate condenser of capacity 5  F 46. In the given circuit

is kept connected to a battery of emf 10v. If
the space between the plates is filled with a
A
medium of dielectric constant 12, then the
C 2C
additional charge taken from the battery is
B
1) 400  c 2) 450  c 2C 3C
3) 500  c 4) 550  c 1) A is at high potential
42. The time in seconds required to produce a 2) B is at high potential
potential difference of 20V across a capacitor 3) A and B are at the same potential
of 1000  F when it is charged at the steady 4) A and B are at zero potential
rate of 200  C /s is (2002 E)
47. Two condensers of capacities 4mF and 6mF
1) 50 2) 100 3) 150 4) 200 are connected to two cells as shown. Then
43. Consider the situation shown in the figure. The 8V
capacitor A has a charge q on it where as B is
uncharged. The charge appearing on the
4 F 6 4 6 F
capacitor B a long time after the switch S is
closed is A 2V
1) Zero C 1) P.D. of 6mF condenser is 4V
2) q/2 2) charge of 4mF condenser is 24mC
3) q 3) both of the above are true
B
4) 2q 4) none of the above is true
C

44. If the potential at A is 2000V the potential at B 48. In the given circuit P.D. between A and B in
is the steady state is
10F 10 F 3F 1F
B
5F 3F 1F
A B 10
1F
A
10F 20 100V
1) 1500V 2) 1000V 1) 25 V 2) 50 V 3) 75 V 4) 45 V
3) 500V 4) 400V 49. In the given circuit in the steady state
45. The P.D between the points A and B is (C1 = 2mF and C2 = 6mF)
C1 C2
2C A
10 20

60V C C 12V
1) V1 = V2 = 6V and Q1 = Q2 = 18mc
B 2) V1 = 9V and Q1 = 18mc
2C
3) V2 = 9V and Q2 = 18mc
1) 60V 2) 45V 3) 40V 4) 30V
4) V1 = V2 = 3V and Q1 = Q2 = 9mc

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50. In the given circuit the effective capacity 55. A parallel plate capacitor with plate area
between A and B is 100cm2 and separation between the plates
1) 20  F 10 F 10 F 1.0 cm is connected across a battery of emf
A 24V. The force of attraction between the
2) 5  F 10 F
12  F 4F
plates is
12  F -7
3) 30  F 10 F 1) 1.0  10 -7 N 2) 2.5  10 N
B
4) 10  F 3) 4  10 -5 N 4) 1.6  10 -5 N

51. The P.D between the points A and B is 56. A parallel plate capacitor has an electric field
of 105 V/m between the plates, If the charge
12V on the capacitor plate is 1 C , the force on
A
each capacitor plate is
3F 2 F 1) 0.5 N 2) 0.05 N
3) 0.005 N 4) None of these
B
2V 57. One plate of a capacitor is connected to a
spring as shown. Area of both the plate is A
1) 6V 2) 2V 3) 10V 4) 14V
and separation is d when capacitor is
52. The potential drop across 7 F capacitor is uncharged. When capacitor is charged, in
6V. Then steady state separation between the plates is
0.8 d. The force constant of the spring is
12F O

7F
3.9F
3F E
3
 0 AE 2 0 AE 60 E2 4  0 AE 2
1) potential drop across 3F capacitor is 10V 1) 2) 3) 4)
2d3 d2 Ad 3 d3
2) charge on 3F capacitor is 21F
58. In the circuit shown in the figure, each
3) emf of the cell is 30V
capacito r has a capacity of 3  F . The
4) P.D across 12F capacitor is 5V
equivalent capacity between A and B is
53. If the capacity of each condenser is 10  F,,
the equivalent capacity between x and y is

A B
x y

25 15 1) 3/4 F 2) 3 F 3) 6 F 4) 5 F
1) 10F 2) F 3) 30F 4) F
4 4 59. The equivalent capacity between the points
54. If the equivalent capacity between A and B in A and B in the adjoining circuit will be
the circuit is 12mF, the capacity C is C C B
1) 5mF 6 F C
B
C C C
C C
2) 3mF
6F C 8F C
3) 4mF A D
C
4) 8mF A 8F 1) C 2) 2C 3) 3C 4) 4C

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CAPACITORS PHYSICS - II B

60. The plates of a parallel plate condenser are 65. Find the effective capacitance between the
terminals a and b shown in figure.
being moved away with velocity v. If the
C
plate separation at any instant of time is d
then the rate of change of capacity with time C 2C C
2C
is proportional to
a b
3C 3C 3C
1) 1/d 2) 1/d2 3) d2 4) d
4C C 2C 5C
*61. A parallel plate capacitor (condenser) has a 1) 2) 3) 4)
3 3 3 3
certain capacitance (capacity). When 2/3 rd 66. Find the effective capacitance between the
of the distance between the plates is filled with terminals a and b shown in figure.
12C 16C
a dielectric, the (capacity) capacitance is found
12C 16C
to be 2.25 times the initial capacitance. The 9C 18C
dielectric constant of the dielectric a b
3C 4C
1) 1 2) 3 3) 7 4) 6 c
8C 26 C 36C 19C
*62. A parallel plate capacitor is filled with a 1) 2) 3) 4)
27 7 7 7
dielectric of dielectric constant (relative 67. In the arrangement shown in figure, find the
permittivity) 5 between its plates and is potential difference the points A and B.
6 F 7 F
charged to acquire an energy E. Then it is B
isolated (disconnected from the battery) and 5 F
the dielectric is replaced by another dielectric
  A
of dielectric constant (relative permittivity) 12V

2. The new energy stored in the capacitor 1) 14V 2) 4V 3) 6V 4) 8V

68. A capacitor of capacitance 10 F is charged
1) E 2) 2.5E 3) 5E 4) 10E
to a potential of 50V with a battery. The
63. Find the effective capacitance between the battery is disconnected and an additional
charge 200  C is given to positive plate of the
terminals m and n shown in figures.
capacitor. The potential difference across the
C capacitor will be
m C 1) 50 V 2) 80 V 3) 70 V 4) 60 V
C
69. In the given circuit which of the following
n C
statement(s) is/are true ?
C
S1 S3 S2
7C 6C
1) 3 C 2) 3) 4) 5 C
6 7 V1 = 30V, V2 = 20V
64. A capacitor of capacitance 8  F is connected
across the terminals of a battery of emf 24V. C1 = 2PF, C2 = 3PF
Find the work done by the battery during the 1) with S1 closed, V1  15V, V2  20 V
process. 2) with S3 closed, V1  25V, V2  25V
1) 2.3 mJ 2) 1.15mJ 3) with S1 & S2 closed, V1  0 V, V2  0 V
3) 4.6 mJ 4) 9.2 mJ 4) with S1 & S3 closed, V1  30 V, V2  20 V

176 AKASH MULTIMEDIA

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ANSWERS 3. The work done by the external agent to take

the slab out is
1) 2 2) 3 3) 3 4) 1 5) 3
1 2 1 2
6) 1 7) 1 8) 1 9) 3 10) 1 1) E C0  K  1 2) E C0  K  1
2 2
11) 1 12) 3 13) 1 14) 4 15) 1
1 E 2 C0 1 E 2C0
16) 1 17) 3 18) 3 19) 3 20) 1 3) 4)
2  K  1 2  K  1
21) 1 22) 3 23) 4 24) 4 25) 1
Comprehension - 2 (for question No. 4 to 6)
26) 1 27) 1 28) 3 29) 1 30) 4 A capacitor of capacitance 2.0 F is charged
31) 1 32) 4 33) 3 34) 4 35) 3 to a potential difference of 12V. It is then
connected to an uncharged capacitor of
36) 3 37) 1 38) 4 39) 1 40) 1 capacitance 4.0 F as shown in figure.
41) 4 42) 2 43) 2 44) 3 45) 4
46) 2 47) 3 48) 1 49) 2 50) 2 4.0 F
2.0 F
51) 1 52) 3 53) 2 54) 1 55) 2
4. The charge on each of the two capacitors after
56) 2 57) 4 58) 4 59) 2 60) 2
the connection.
61) 4 62) 2 63) 2 64) 3 65) 1 1) 4 C , 8 C 2) 8 C , 16 C
3) 6 C , 12 C 4) 2 C , 4 C
66) 3 67) 2 68) 4 69) 4
5. The electrostatic energy stored in each of the
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS two capacitors
1) 16 J , 32 J 2) 32 J , 64 J
Comprehension - 1 (for question No. 1 to 3)
3) 22 J , 44 J 4) 16 J , 18 J
The capacitance of a parallel - plate capacitor
6. The heat produced during the charge transfer
is C0 when the region between the plates has from one capacitor to the other.
air. This region is now filled with a dielectric 1) 66 J 2) 56 J 3) 96 J 4) 86 J
slab of dielectric constant K. The capacitor is
Comprehension - 3 (for question No. 7 to 10)
connected to a cell of emf E , and the slab is
A capacitor having a capacitance of 100 F
taken out. is charged to a potential difference of 24V.
1. The charge flows through the cell is The charging battery is disconnected and the
capacitor is connected to another battery of
1) EC0(K – 1) 2) EC0(K + 1) emf 12V with the positive plate of the
capacitor joined with the positive terminal of
EC0 EC0
3) K  1 4) K  1 the battery.
   
7. Find the charges on the capacitor before and
2. The energy absorbed by the cell is after the reconnection.
1) E2C0(K – 1) 2) E2C0(K + 1) 1) 2400 C ,2600 C
2) 1200 C ,2800 C
E 2C0 E 2C0 3) 2400 C ,1200 C
3) 4)
 K  1  K  1 4) 1200 C ,2400 C

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CAPACITORS PHYSICS - II B

8. Find the charge flown through the 12V 15. How much energy is absorbed by the battery
battery. during the process ?
1) 1200 C 2) 1400 C 1) 14.7 x 10–10J 2) 18.7 x 10–10J
3) 1600 C 4) 1800 C 3) 20.7 x 10–10J 4) 12.7 x 10–10J
9. Is work done by the battery or is it done on 16. Calculate the stored energy in the electric field
the battery ? Find its magnitude. before and after the process.
1) 12.2mJ 2) 14.2mJ 1) 12.7 x 10–10J, 6.35 x 10–10
3) 12.4mJ 4) 14.4mJ 2) 12.2 x 10–10J, 6.34 x 10–10
3) 12.8 x 10–10J, 6.34 x 10–10
10. Find the decrease in electrostatic field energy.
4) 12.4 x 10–10J, 6.32 x 10–10
1) 21.8mJ 2) 12.6mJ
3) 21.6mJ 4) 21.5mJ Comprehension - 6 (for question No. 17 to 20)
A parallel – plate capacitor of capacitance
Comprehension - 4 (for question No. 11 to 13)
5 F is connected to a battery of emf 6V. The
A parallel plate air capacitor of capacitance separation between the plates is 2 mm
C0 is connected to a cell of emf E and then
disconnected from it. A dielectric slab of 17. Find the charge on the positive plate.
dielectric constant K, which can just fill the 1) 30 C 2) 20 C 3) 40 C 4) 50 C
air gap of the capacitor, is now inserted in it. 18. Find the electric field between the plates.
11. The potential difference between the plates 1) 4 × 103V/m 2) 5 × 103V/m
1) Increases K times 2) Decreases K times 3) 3 × 103V/m 4) 6 × 103V/m
3) Remain same 19. A dielectric slab of thickness 1 mm and
4) First Increases and then decreases dielectric constant 5 is inserted into the gap
12. The energy stored in the capacitor to occupy the lower half of it. Find the
capacitance of the new combination.
1) Increases K times 2) Decreases K times
1) 5.3 F 2) 8.3 F 3) 7.3 F 4) 6.3 F
3) Remain same
4) First Increases and then Decreases 20. How much charge has flown through the
battery after the slab is inserted ?
13. The change in the energy is 1) 40 C 2) 60 C 3) 80 C 4) 20 C
1  1 1  1 Comprehension (Q.no 21-24)
1) C0 E 2  1   2) C0 E 2  1  
2  K 2  K A parallel plate capacitor consists of two
metal plates, each of area A, separated by a
2 1 2 1
3) C0 E  1   4) C0 E  1   distance d. A dielectric slab of the same sur-
K K face area A and thickness t and dielectric con-
Comprehension - 5 (for question No. 14 to 16) stant K is introduced with its faces parallel to
A parallel – plate capacitor having plate area the plates as shown in Fig.
d
20 cm2 and separation between the plates 1.00
mm is connected to a battery of 12.0 V. The
plates are pulled apart to increase the
separation to 2.0 mm.
k Air
14. Calculate the charge flown through the circuit
during the process.
1) 1.08 × 10–10C 2) 1.06 × 10–10C
3) 2.06 × 10–10C 4) 2.08 × 10–10C t
(d - t)

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21. The capacitance of the system is 24. In the question above, the loss of energy is
 0 AK 0 A due to
1) C  2) C 
d  t   t
 d  K 
1) heating of the connecting wires which
connect the capacitor with the battery.
0 A 0 A 2) the flow of charge from the capacitor to
3) C  4) C 
  t    t  the battery.
 d  t  K  1   d  t  1  K   3) leakage of the capacitor.
   
22. If K=3, for what value of t/d will the capaci- 4) polarization of the dielectric.
tance of the system be twice that of the air
ANSWERS
capacitor alone?
1 2 3 4 1) 1 2) 1 3) 1 4) 2 5) 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 3 4 5 6) 3 7) 3 8) 1 9) 4 10) 3
23. If K=3 and t/d=1/2, the ratio of the energy
stored in the system shown in the figure and 11) 2 12) 2 13) 1 14) 2 15) 4
the air capacitor alone if the cahrge is the
16) 1 17) 1 18) 3 19) 2 20) 4
same in both capacitors is
1 1 2 1 21) 3 22) 3 23) 2 24) 4
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 3 3 4
Y

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