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GE 401 Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

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15 views9 pages

GE 401 Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Uploaded by

LENIMAR LIM
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inductive and Deductive

Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
• Is the process of reaching a general conclusion by examining specific
examples.

Example:

1. Use inductive reasoning to predict the next number; 1, 5, 9, 13, 17,


Sol’n: ???
2. Consider the following procedure.

• Pick a number.
• Multiply the number by 9
• Add 15 to the product
• Divide the sum by 3
• Subtract 5
3. Gina is the mother of four children only. The first born is April, the
second born is May, and the third born is June. What is the name of the
fourth born?

4. What is the next terms of the following.

•
•
Deductive Reasoning
• Is the process of reasoning from one or more general assumptions
(axioms) to reach a logical conclusion.

RECALL!
2. Consider the following procedure.

• Pick a number.
• Multiply the number by 9
• Add 15 to the product
• Divide the sum by 3
• Subtract 5
• Solution:
If we let be the first number, then multiplying it by results to
Adding yields Dividing by results to
Subtracting this by we get Therefore, the
resulting number is always three times the original number.
Example 1: Three children (Karl, Noel, and Naz) each have a different favorite color
(blue, green, red) and different pet (cat, turtle, fish). The following are true.
1. Karl, whose favorite color is not green has a fish.
2. Noel’s favorite color is red.
3. The kid who likes green also has a turtle.
Solution:
Child Color Pet

Karl blue fish

Noel red cat

Naz green turtle


Example 2: Each of four neighbors, Jaime, Ron, Kath, and Edith has a different
occupation (teacher, banker, chef or dentist). From the following clues, determine
the occupation of each neighbor.
1. Ron gets home from work after the banker but before the dentist.
2. Kath, who is last to get home from work is not the teacher.
3. The dentist and Kath leave for work at the same time.
4. The banker lives next door to Edith.
Solution:
Arrives Person Occupation
First Jaime Banker
Second Ron teacher
Third Edith Dentist
Fourth Kath chef
3. Three girls (Glenda, Alva, and Flora) and one boy (Ramon) each like a different
color, (blue, red, pink and green) and ore of different ages (8, 9, 10, 11). Determine
their age and favorite color based on the clues below.
1. The oldest is a boy who does not like pink.
2. Flora is the youngest and likes blue
3. Alva is one year older than Glenda
4. The 9 year old child likes red
Age Child Color

8 Flora blue

9 Glenda red

10 Alva pink

11 Ramon green

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