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Solution - Class Work - Diffusion

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7 views

Solution - Class Work - Diffusion

Uploaded by

meg samuel
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CW: MEEN 261 Fall 2024 Diffusion 10/10/2024

Problem 6.8
The purification of hydrogen gas by diffusion through a palladium sheet was discussed in
Section 6.3. Compute the number of kilograms of hydrogen that pass per hour through a 6-mm

thick sheet of palladium having an area of 0.25 m 2 at 600°C. Assume a diffusion coefficient of

1.7 × 10–8 m2/s, that the respective concentrations at the high- and low-pressure sides of the
plate are 2.0 and 0.4 kg of hydrogen per cubic meter of palladium, and that steady-state
conditions have been attained.

6.9 A sheet of steel 5.0-mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 900°C and is
permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in

steel at this temperature is 1.85 × 10 –10 m2/s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 1.0 × 10 –7

kg/m2 . s. Also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure

surface is 2 kg/m3. How far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will the concentration be

0.5 kg/m3? Assume a linear concentration profile.


This problem is solved by using Equation 6.2 in the form

If we take CA to be the point at which the concentration of nitrogen is 2 kg/m 3, then it becomes necessary to solve

the above equation for xB, as

Assume xA is zero at the surface, in which case

1
(ii) Non-steady State Diffusion
Problem 6.15
Nitrogen from a gaseous phase is to be diffused into pure iron at 675°C. If the surface
concentration is maintained at 0.2 wt% N, what will be the concentration 2 mm from the surface
after 25 h? The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in iron at 675°C is 2.8 × 10–11 m2/s.

= 1 – erf (0.630)

Using data in Table 6.1 and linear interpolation

z erf (z)
0.600 0.6039
0.630 y
0.650 0.6420

from which
y = erf (0.630) = 0.6268

Thus,

And solving for Cx gives

2
Cx = 0.075 wt% N

Factors That Influence Diffusion


Problem 6.20
Cite the values of the diffusion coefficients for the interdiffusion of carbon in both α-iron
(BCC) and γ-iron (FCC) at 900°C. Which is larger? Explain why this is the case.
We are asked to compute the diffusion coefficients of C in both  and  iron at 900C. Using the data in Table 6.2,

The D for diffusion of C in BCC  iron is larger, the reason being that the atomic packing factor is smaller
than for FCC  iron (0.68 versus 0.74—Section 3.4); this means that there is slightly more interstitial void space in
the BCC Fe, and, therefore, the motion of the interstitial carbon atoms occurs more easily.

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