1.

Evaluate :

2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐼=∫
√1 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 4

Solution :

𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑡 = 𝑥 2 => 𝑡 2 = 𝑥 4

𝑑𝑡
= 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑡 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥

2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐼=∫
√1 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 4

𝑑𝑡
=∫
√1 − 𝑡 − 𝑡 2
 𝑑𝑡
=∫
√−(𝑡 2 + 𝑡 − 1)

𝑑𝑡
=∫
2
√− [(𝑡 + 1) − 1 − 1]
2 4

𝑑𝑡
=∫
2
√− [(𝑡 + 1) − 5]
2 4

𝑑𝑡
=∫
2
√5 − (𝑡 + 1)
4 2

1
𝑢=𝑡+
2

𝑑𝑢
=1
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑡
 𝑑𝑢
=∫
2
√(√5) − 𝑢2
2

𝑑𝑥 𝑥
[𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 ∶ ∫ = sin−1 ( ) + 𝑐]
√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑎

𝑢
= sin−1 ( )+𝐶
√5
2

2𝑢
= sin−1 ( )+𝐶
√5

1
2 (𝑡 + )
= sin−1 ( 2 )+𝐶
√5

1
2 (𝑥 2 + )
= sin−1 ( 2 )+𝐶
√5

2𝑥 2 + 1
2( )
2
= sin−1 ( )+𝐶
√5
 −1
2𝑥 2 + 1
= sin ( )+𝐶
√5

2. Evaluate :
𝑒𝑥
∫ √5−4𝑒 𝑥 −𝑒2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution :
𝑒𝑥
𝐼= ∫ √5−4𝑒𝑥 −𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑥 => 𝑡 2 = (𝑒 𝑥 )2 = 𝑒 2𝑥

𝑑𝑡
= 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑒𝑥
𝐼= ∫ 𝑑𝑥
√5 − 4𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 2𝑥

𝑑𝑡
=∫
√5 − 4𝑡 − 𝑡 2
 𝑑𝑡
=∫
√−[𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 − 5]

𝑑𝑡
=∫
√−[(𝑡 + 2)2 − 4 − 5]

𝑑𝑡
=∫
√−[(𝑡 + 2)2 − 9]

𝑑𝑡
=∫
√9 − (𝑡 + 2)2

𝑢 = 𝑡+2

𝑑𝑢
=1
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑢
=∫
√32 − 𝑢2

𝑢
= sin−1 ( ) + 𝐶
3

𝑡+2
= sin−1 ( )+𝐶
3
 −1
𝑒𝑥 + 2
= sin ( )+𝐶
3

Evaluate :
6𝑥+7
𝐼=∫ 𝑑𝑥
√(𝑥−5)(𝑥−4)

9
Ans : 6√𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 20 + 34 log |𝑥 − + √𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 20| + 𝐶
2

Evaluate :

6𝑥 + 5
𝐼=∫ 𝑑𝑥
√6 + 𝑥 − 2𝑥 2

13 4𝑥 − 1
𝐴𝑛𝑠 ∶ −3 √6 + 𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 + sin−1 ( )+𝐶
2√2 7
 ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 [𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)] = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶

Evaluate :

∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥

𝐼 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥

𝑓(𝑥 ) = sin 𝑥

𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) = cos 𝑥

∫ 𝑒 𝑥 [𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)] = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶

𝐼 = 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑥 + 𝐶

2 + sin 2𝑥
𝐼 = ∫ 𝑒𝑥 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
1 + cos 2𝑥
 2 + 2 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
= ∫ 𝑒𝑥 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
2 cos 2 𝑥

2 2 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
= ∫ 𝑒𝑥 ( + ) 𝑑𝑥
2 cos 2 𝑥 2 cos 2 𝑥

𝐼 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (sec 2 𝑥 + tan x) 𝑑𝑥

Let 𝑓(𝑥 ) = tan 𝑥

𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) = sec 2 𝑥

∫ 𝑒 𝑥 [𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)] = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶

𝐼 = 𝑒 𝑥 tan 𝑥 + 𝐶

1 − sin 𝑥
𝐼 = ∫ 𝑒𝑥 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
1 − cos 𝑥

𝑥 𝑥
1 − 2 sin cos
= ∫ 𝑒𝑥 ( 2 2) 𝑑𝑥
2 𝑥
2 sin
2
 𝑥 𝑥
1 2 sin cos
= ∫ 𝑒𝑥 ( − 2 2) 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
2 sin2 2 sin2
2 2

1 𝑥 𝑥
= ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 ( cosec 2 − cot ) 𝑑𝑥
2 2 2

x
Let f(x) = − cot
2

x 1
f ′ (x) = − (− cosec 2 ) ( )
2 2

1 x
f ′ (x) = cosec 2
2 2

𝐼 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑓 (𝑥 ) + 𝐶

x
I = ex (− cot ) + C
2
 x
I = −ex cot + C
2

Evaluate :

1 + sin 2𝑥
∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
1 + cos 2𝑥

1 + sin 2𝑥
𝐼 = ∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
1 + cos 2𝑥

𝑡 = 2𝑥

𝑑𝑡
=2
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥 =
2

1 + sin 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝐼 = ∫ 𝑒𝑡 ( )( )
1 + cos 𝑡 2

𝑡 𝑡
1 1 + 2 sin cos
= ∫ 𝑒𝑡 ( 2 2) 𝑑𝑡
2 𝑡
2 cos 2
2
 𝑡 𝑡
1 1 2 sin cos
= ∫ 𝑒𝑡 ( + 2 2) 𝑑𝑡
2 𝑡 𝑡
2 cos 2 2 cos 2
2 2

1 1 𝑡 𝑡
𝐼= ∫ 𝑒 𝑡 ( sec 2 + tan ) 𝑑𝑡
2 2 2 2

𝑡
𝑓 (𝑡) = tan
2

1 𝑡
𝑓 ′ (𝑡) = sec 2
2 2

1 𝑡
𝐼= 𝑒 𝑓 (𝑡) + 𝐶
2

1 2𝑥 2𝑥
= 𝑒 tan +𝐶
2 2
1 2𝑥
𝐼= 𝑒 tan 𝑥 + 𝐶
2
Using integration , Find the area of the region bounded by

𝑦 = 1 + |𝑥 + 1|, 𝑥 = −3, 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 0

Solution :

𝑦 = 1 + |𝑥 + 1|

𝑦 = 1 ± (𝑥 + 1)

𝑦 = 1 + (𝑥 + 1); 𝑦 = 1 − (𝑥 + 1)

𝑦 = 1 + 𝑥 + 1 ;𝑦 = 1 − 𝑥 − 1

𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2; 𝑦 = −𝑥

=> −𝑥 = 𝑥 + 2

−𝑥 − 𝑥 = 2

−2𝑥 = 2

𝑥 = −1
 𝑥 = −1 => 𝑦 = 1

(−1, 1) is the point of intersection.

𝑦 = −𝑥

𝑥 −3 −2 −1
𝑦 3 2 1

𝑦=𝑥+2

𝑥 −1 0 3
𝑦 1 2 5
 −1

𝐴1 = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥
−3

−1

= ∫ (−𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
−3

−1
𝑥2
= −[ ]
2 −3

(−1)2 (−3)2
= −( − )
2 2

1 9
= −( − )
2 2

𝐴1 = 4 sq. units

𝐴2 = ∫(𝑥 + 2) 𝑑𝑥
−1

3
𝑥2
= [ + 2𝑥]
2 −1
 32 (−1)2
= [ + 2(3)] − [ + 2(−1)]
2 2

21 3
= +
2 2

𝐴2 = 12 sq. units

𝐴 = 𝐴1 + 𝐴2

𝐴 = 4 + 12

𝐴 = 16 sq. units
 1
Sketch the graph 𝑦 = |𝑥 + 1|. Evaluate ∫−3|𝑥 + 1| 𝑑𝑥. What does this value
represent on the graph ?

𝑦 = |𝑥 + 1|

𝑦 = ±(𝑥 + 1)

𝑦 = +(𝑥 + 1); 𝑦 = −(𝑥 + 1)

𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 ; 𝑦 = −𝑥 − 1

𝑥 + 1 = −𝑥 − 1

𝑥 + 𝑥 = −1 − 1

2𝑥 = −2

𝑥 = −1

𝑥 = −1 => 𝑦 = 0

∴ (−1, 0) is the point of intersection.

𝑦 = −𝑥 − 1
𝑥 −3 −1
𝑦 2 0

𝑦=𝑥+1

𝑥 −1 1
𝑦 0 2

−1

𝐴1 = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥
−3

−1

= ∫ (−𝑥 − 1) 𝑑𝑥
−3

−1
−𝑥 2
= [ − 𝑥]
2 −3
 −(−1)2 −(−3)2
= [ − (−1)] − [ − (−3)]
2 2

1 −9
= [− + 1] − [ + 3]
2 2

1 −3
= −( )
2 2

1+3
=
2

𝐴1 = 2

𝐴2 = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥
−1

= ∫(𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑥
−1

1
𝑥2
= [ + 𝑥]
2 −1

1 1
= [ + 1] − [ − 1]
2 2
 𝐴2 = 2

𝐴 = 𝐴1 + 𝐴2

𝐴 = 2 + 2 = 4 sq. units

This value represents the area of the shaded region.

Evaluate :

∫|𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3|𝑑𝑥
0

Solution :

𝐼 = ∫|𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3|𝑑𝑥
0
Put 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 = 0

=> (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1) = 0

𝑥 = −3; 𝑥 = 1

𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑥 ≠ −3 , 𝑥 ∈ [0,2]

𝑓(𝑥 ) = (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1)

1 2

𝐼 = ∫ −(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3)𝑑𝑥 + ∫(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3) 𝑑𝑥

1 2
𝑥3 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥2
= [− ( + 2. − 3𝑥)] + [ + 2. − 3𝑥]
3 2 0
3 2 1

1 2
𝑥3 𝑥3
= [− ( + 𝑥 − 3𝑥)] + [ + 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥]
2
3 0
3 1
 1
= [− {( + 1 − 3) − (0)}]
3

23 13
+ [( + 2 − 3(2)) − ( + 12 − 3(1))]
2
3 3

−1 8 1
= −1+3+ +4−6− −1+3
3 3 3

−1 + 8 − 1
= +2
3

= 2+2

𝐼=4
Evaluate :

𝐼 = ∫|𝑥 3 − 𝑥|𝑑𝑥
−1

𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥

𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 1)

𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 0 => 𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 1) = 0

𝑥 = 0; 𝑥 2 − 1 = 0

𝑥 = 0; 𝑥 2 = 1

𝑥 = 0; 𝑥 = ±1
Sign of 𝑓(𝑥)

0 1 2

𝐼 = ∫(𝑥 3 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 − ∫(𝑥 3 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 + ∫(𝑥 3 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥

11
𝐼=
4

Evaluate :
3

𝐼 = ∫|𝑥 2 − 2𝑥|𝑑𝑥
1

𝐴𝑛𝑠; 2

𝒙 𝒂𝟐
 ∫ √𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = √𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 + 𝐥𝐨𝐠|𝒙 + √𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 | + 𝑪
𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 𝒂𝟐
 ∫ √𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = √𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 − 𝐥𝐨𝐠|𝒙 + √𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 | + 𝑪
𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 𝒂𝟐 𝒙
 ∫ √𝒂𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = √𝒂𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 ( ) + 𝑪
𝟐 𝟐 𝒂
Find :

∫ √𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 𝑑𝑥

Solution :

𝐼 = ∫ √𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 𝑑𝑥

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 = (𝑥 + 1)2 − 12 + 5

= (𝑥 + 1)2 + 4

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 = (𝑥 + 1)2 + 22

√𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 = √(𝑥 + 1)2 + 22

∫ √𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ √(𝑥 + 1)2 + 22 𝑑𝑥

𝑡 = 𝑥+1
𝑑𝑡
=1
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑥
 𝐼 = ∫ √𝑡 2 + 22 𝑑𝑡

𝒙 𝒂𝟐
 ∫ √𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = √𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 + 𝐥𝐨𝐠|𝒙 + √𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 | + 𝑪
𝟐 𝟐

𝑡 2 2
22
= √ 𝑡 +2 + log |𝑡 + √𝑡 2 + 22 | + 𝐶
2 2

𝑥+1 2
= √𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 5 + 2 log |𝑥 + 1 + √𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5| + 𝐶
2

Integrate :

∫ √𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 6 𝑑𝑥

𝑥+2
Ans: √𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 6 + log|𝑥 + 2 + √𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 6| + 𝐶
2

Evaluate :

∫ √7𝑥 − 10 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

7𝑥 − 10 − 𝑥 2 = −(𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 10)

7 2 49
= − [(𝑥 − ) − + 10]
2 4
 7 2 9
= − [(𝑥 − ) − ]
2 4

9 7 2
= − (𝑥 − )
4 2

3 2
2
7 2
7𝑥 − 10 − 𝑥 = ( ) − (𝑥 − )
2 2

3 2 7 2
√7𝑥 − 10 − 𝑥2 = √( ) − (𝑥 − )
2 2

3 2 7 2
√
𝐼 = ∫ ( ) − (𝑥 − ) 𝑑𝑥
2 2

𝒙 𝒂𝟐 𝒙
 ∫ √𝒂𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = √𝒂𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 ( ) + 𝑪
𝟐 𝟐 𝒂

7 3 2 7
𝑥− ( ) 𝑥 −
= 2 √7𝑥 − 10 − 𝑥 2 + 2 sin−1 ( 2) + 𝐶
2 2 3
2

2𝑥 − 7 9 2𝑥 − 7
= √7𝑥 − 10 − 𝑥 2 + sin−1 ( )+𝐶
4 8 3

Evaluate :

∫ √2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
 𝑥−1 1
𝐴𝑛𝑠: √2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + sin−1(𝑥 − 1) + 𝐶
2 2

Evaluate :

∫ √𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑥−1 2 1
𝐴𝑛𝑠: √𝑥 − 2𝑥 − log |𝑥 − 1 + √𝑥 2 − 2𝑥| + 𝐶
2 2