Nelumbo Vol.

65(2): (40–60) 2023 ISSN (Print) : 0976-5069

BOTANICAL SURVEY OF INDIA
DOI: 10.20324/nelumbo/v65/2023/172682 ISSN (Online) : 2455-376X

Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi

Bird Sanctuary, Odisha
Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri*
Phycology Laboratory, CAS in Botany, the University of Burdwan, Golapbag, 713104, West Bengal, India
*Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected],

मं गलाजोडी पक्षी अभयारण्य, ओडिशा की पादपप्लवक विविधता

जय माल व जय प्रकाश के सरी
सारांश
ओडिशा के एक महत्वपूर्ण पक्षी अभयारण्य, मं गलाजोडी आर्द्रभूमि की पादपप्लवक विविधता का पता लगाने का प्रयास सर्वप्रथम किया गया है। इस अध्ययन में शैवाल के 27
वं शों से सं बं धित 61 से अधिक पादपप्लवकों का प्रलेखीकरण किया गया है। इस आर्द्रभूमि से सं बं धित ये सबसे पहले रिपोर्ट हैं। लेपोसिनक्लिस स्पाइरोगाइरोइडस बी. मैरिन व
मेलकोनियन प्रभे. इं डिका के सरी व माल प्रभे. नव. और ट्रैकेलोमोनास आर्मेटा (एह्रेनबर्ग) एफ. स्टीन प्रभे. इं डिका के सरी व माल प्रभे. नव. को विज्ञान के लिए नए अन्वेषण के
रूप में प्रस्तावित किया गए हैं। 8 पादपप्लवक भारत के लिए नए वितरणपरक अभिलेख हैं जबकि 9 पूर्वी भारत के लिए नए अन्वेषण हैं। ओडिशा राज्य के लिए नए सं कलन के
रूप में 14 नए जुड़े हैं। इनमें यूग्लिनोफ़ाइसियन प्रमुख घटक के रूप में हैं।

ABSTRACT
The phytoplankton diversity of Mangalajodi wetland of Odisha, has been explored for the first time. More than 61 taxa
of phytoplankton belonging to 27 genera of algae have been documented. All are first report for the wetland. Two taxon
viz. Lepocinclis spirogyroides B.Marin & Melkonian var. indica Keshri & Mal and Trachelomonas armata (Ehrenberg) F.
Stein var. indica Keshri & Mal have been proposed new to science. 8 taxa are new record for India while 9 taxa are new to
eastern India. 14 taxa are new additions to Odisha. Euglenophycean members are found as dominant component.

Keywords: Algae, Bird Sanctuary, Chilika Lake, India, Mangalajodi, New records, New taxa, Odisha, Phytoplankton diversity
INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS
Mangalajodi is a small village in the Khordha District Algal samples were collected from the various corners
of Odisha located at the northern edge of Chilika Lake of the Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary (Fig.1). Ecological
known for its wetland attracting native and migratory parameters like pH, temperature, conductivity, salinity,
TDS were noted at the time of collection using a multi-
birds throughout the year. A bird sanctuary has therefore
parameter device (Multi-parameter PCSTestrtTM 35).
been instituted for the birdwatchers and to conserve its GPS data also recorded using GPS MAP 78S, GARMIN.
biodiversity. It is maintained by Forest Department and Freshly collected samples were preserved in Lugol’s
local societies. The sanctuary is well maintained and Iodine in the ratio of 100:1. The collected samples were
studied for its avifauna (Changder & al., 2015, Sarangi under study with the compound microscope Olympus
& Acharya, 2016, Rashiba & al., 2022). On the other GB Model and photomicrography was done using Zeiss
hand nearby Chilika Lake is well attended both in fauna Axioscope A1 microscope with Axiocam 503 digital
(Rashiba & al., 2022) & flora (Biswas 1932; Rath & camera. On average ten samples of a species are studied to
get a clear picture of the taxon. All the voucher specimens
Adhikary, 2005, Rath & Jena, 2006, Adhikary & al., 2009;
are deposited in algae herbarium of Department of
Das & Adhikary, 2014). As Chilika is a Ramsar site, such a
Botany, The University of Burdwan (BURD).
bias is obvious. But, since avifuna is also much connected
with its plankton diversity, this investigation has been Identification of the phytoplankton has been made
taken up. A total of sixty one taxa of phytoplankton has following the literature (John & al., 2011; Yamagishi,
been studied and presented. Diatoms have been kept 2016; Wołowski & Hindak, 2005; Huber-Pestalozzi,
1955; Komárek, 2013; and taxa have been assigned as per
aside in this work that will be taken up as a separate
AlgaeBase 2022 (https://www.algaebase.org/).
account.

Submitted : 24.01.2023 Accepted : 19.09.2023 Date of Publication 31.12.2023

 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

Fig.1- Showing the collection area in Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha.

ECOLOGICAL NOTES

Place Date pH Temp. (°C) Cond. (µS) Salinity TDS GPS location
(ppm) (ppm)
Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, 01.12.2018 6.45 27.2 439 196 312 19°53'47.2"N
Odisha 10.03.2021 7.92 30 503 266 354 85°26'17.2"E

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 41
Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

RESULTS: Following phytoplankton belonging in to CRYPTOPHYCEAE

different classes of algae have been studied.
3. Cryptomonas marssonii Skuja, Taxon. des
CYANOPHYCEAE Phytoplankt. einiger Seen in Uppland, Schweden Symbol.
Bot. Upsal. 357. 1948. [Plate-I, c]
1. Oscillatoria subbrevis Schmidle, Engler’s Bot. Jahrb.
30: 243. 1901. [Plate-I, a] Anterior end of the cell forming a slight dorsal
protuberance; a contractile vacuole present at the anterior
Trichomes solitary, green-yellowish in colour, straight, end; posterior end of the cell mostly acute and dorsally
not constricted at the cross-wall; cross wall not bent; flagella unequal; chloroplast two without pyrenoid;
granulated; cells shorter than wide, discoid; apical cell cell 30.55µm long and 10.86-12.63µm wide.
rounded without calyptra; cells 1.90-2.33µm long and
6.65-6.84µm broad. Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98

Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 Distribution: India. Odisha

Distribution: India: Common. Andhra Pradesh, Europe: Britain, Ireland, Czech Republic, Germany,
Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Saxony, Scandinavia,
Karnataka, Kerala, Ladakh, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N. America: Arkansas,
Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Jammu and Northwest Territories, Ontario, Québec. Caribbean
Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Odisha, Punjab, Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay.
Rajasthan, West Bengal. Africa: Botswana, Sierra Leone. Middle East: Israel,
Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. Asia: Russia.
Europe: Britain, Ireland, Greece, Netherlands, Romania,
Saxony (Germany), Spain. N. America: Arkansas, CHOLOROPHYCEAE
Laurentian Great Lakes, Mexico (Pacific), Québec (Qc),
Tennessee. S. America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Sierra 4. Botryococcus braunii Kützing, Species algarum. 892.
Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Iran, Iraq, Turkey. South- 1849. [Plate-I, d]
West Asia: Bangladesh, Pakistan. South-East Asia: Colonies green to yellow in colour, embedded within
Philippines, Singapore, China, Japan, Korea, Nepal, the periphery of the mucilaginous masses; cells oval,
South China Sea. Australia and New Zealand: New each with an apical cap; chloroplast parietal with a single
South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland. pyrenoid; cells 6.08-11.30µm long and 3.47-5.03µm wide.
2. Anabaena laxa (Rabenhorst) ex Bornet et Flahault, Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
Revision des Nostocacées Ann. des Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 7
(7): 233. 1888. [Plate-I, b] Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Arunachal
Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh,
Trichomes slightly irregularly flexuous, cylindrical, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan,
constricted at the cross wall; cells spherical, length Ladakh, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala,
shorter than wide, 2.50-2.66µm long and 4.06-4.26µm Odisha, Tripura, Meghalaya, Uttarakhand, Tamil Nadu,
wide; heterocytes solitary, spherical, intercalary in West Bengal.
position, 3.55-3.80µm in diameter; akinetes cylindrical,
intercalary, 14.95µm long and 4.21µm broad. Arctic: Ellesmere Island. Europe: Baltic Sea, Britain,
Ireland, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Norway,
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 Poland, Romania, Russia, Saxony, Scandinavia, Spain,
Distribution: India. Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Sweden, Ukraine. N. America: Arkansas, Laurentian
Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Great Lakes, Mexico, Northwest Territories, Ontario,
Punjab, Rajasthan. Québec. Caribbean Islands: Cuba, Martinique. S.
America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Uruguay. Africa:
Arctic: Arctic, Russia, Germany, Greece, Romania, Côte D'ivoire, Namibia, South Africa, Sudan, Zimbabwe.
Scandinavia. S. America: Argentina.
Middle East: Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Turkey. South-West
Middle East: Georgia. Asia: China, Nepal, Russia (Far Asia: Bangladesh.
East), Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New Zealand:
New South Wales, Victoria. Subantarctic Islands: South South-East Asia: Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand.
Shetland Islands. Asia: China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Russia (Far
East), Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New Zealand:

42 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

Australia, New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern Europe: Germany, Latvia, Scandinavia, Spain, Sweden. S.
Territory, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria. America: Argentina. Africa: Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast),
Zimbabwe. South-East Asia: Myanmar. Australia and
5. Chlorococcum infusionum (Schrank) Meneghini, New Zealand: New Zealand.
Monogr. Nostoch. 27. 1842. [Plate-I, e]
8. Mucidosphaerium pulchellum (H. C. Wood) C.
Cells spherical, wall smooth and thick; chloroplast Bock, Pröschold & Krienitz, J. Phycol. 47(3): 642. 2011.
present with eccentrically positioned pyrenoid; cells 23- [Plate-I, h]
26 µm in diameter.
Basionym: Dictyosphaerium pulchellum H.C.Wood
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271
Colonies 16-32 celled in mucilage, spherical; cell ovoid
Distribution: India: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, in young and older cells spherical; cell walls thin and
Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Kerala, Maharashtra, smooth; each cell connected with tetrachotomously
Ladakh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, branched threads; chloroplast cup shaped; colony 34-
Tamil Nadu, West Bengal. 38µm, cells 7.14-7.30µm long and 5.06-5.76µm broad.
It is more or less common alga although appears to be Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
first record for Odisha.
Distribution: India: Common. Andhra Pradesh,
6. Coelastrum cambricum W. Archer, Quart. J. Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Jammu
Microscop. Sci. 8(2): 65. 1868. [Plate-I, f] & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland,
Colonies spherical, 16-celled, 30-34µm in diameter; cells Kerala, New Delhi, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar
spherical, thickened at the poles, connected to each other Pradesh, West Bengal (All as Dictyosphaerium pulchellum
by short gelatinous projections; cells 6.85-7.19µm in H.C.Wood).
diameter. Europe: Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Ireland, Czech
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Romania, Russia, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden,
Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra Ukraine. N. America: Alabama, Arkansas, Laurentian
Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Great Lakes, Northwest Territories, Québec, Tennessee,
Karnataka, Ladakh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Maharashtra, Virginia. Caribbean Islands: Cuba. S. America:
Rajasthan, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast),
Uttarakhand. South Africa. Middle East: Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Turkey.
South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East Asia:
Europe: Andorra, Baltic Sea, France, Germany, Ireland, Singapore. Asia: Caspian Sea, China, Japan, Korea, Nepal,
Netherlands, Romania, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Russia (Far East), Sakha (Yakutia), Taiwan, Tajikistan.
Sweden. N. America: Laurentian Great Lakes, Northwest Australia and New Zealand: Australia, New South
Territories, Québec (Qc). S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Wales, New Zealand, Northern Territory, Queensland,
Peru, Uruguay. Africa: Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast). South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria. Pacific Islands/
Middle East: Iraq, Israel, Turkey. Asia: China, Japan, Pacific Ocean: Hawaiian Islands.
Taiwan. Australia and New Zealand: New South Wales.
9. Monoraphidium mirabile (West & G.S.West) Pankow,
7. Coelastrum cambricum W. Archer var. intermedium Algenfl. der Ostsee II. 374. 1976. [Plate-I, i]
(Bohlin) G.S.West, J. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 38. 136.
1907. [Plate-I, g] Cells long, more than 25 times longer than broad,
narrowly crescent shaped, gradually narrowing to long
Colonies spherical, 16-celled, 65.22-76.86µm in diameter; spine-like apices; cells 48-49µm long and 1.52-1.80µm
cells subspherical, thickened at the poles of cells, broad.
connected to each other by short gelatinous projections;
interspaces between cells triangular; cells 14.03-16.81µm Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
in diameter.
Distribution: India. Odisha.
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271
Europe: Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Ireland, France,
Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra Germany, Romania, Saxony, Scandinavia, Slovakia,
Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Manipur, Maharashtra, New Spain, Ukraine. N. America: Mexico, Québec. S.
Delhi, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal. America: Brazil, Uruguay. Africa: Sudan. Middle East:

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Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

PLATE-I: a. Oscillatoria subbrevis; b. Anabaena laxa; c. Cryptomonas marssonii; d. Botryococcus braunii; e. Chlorococcum infusionum;
f. Coelastrum cambricum; g. Coelastrum cambricum var. intermedium; h. Mucidosphaerium pulchellum; i. Monoraphidium mirabile; j.
Comasiella arcuata; k. Verrucodesmus verrucosus; l. Stauridium tetras (Scale Bar 20 µm).

44 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

Israel, Turkey. Homotypic synonym: Micrasterias tetras Ehrenberg

1838. Pediastrum tetras (Ehrenberg) Ralfs 1845
Asia: China, Taiwan. Australia and New Zealand: New
Zealand, Victoria. Coenobia 8-celled, 19µm in diameter; cells mostly
inversely trapezoid with 7 angles; marginal cells 5.86-
10. Comasiella arcuata (Lemmermann) E. Hegewald, 6.29µm long and 3.19-4.82µm wide, laterally wall united
Phycol. 49(4): 332. 2010. [Plate-I, j] to apex and divided by a narrow central incision into two
Basionym: Scenedesmus arcuatus (Lemmermann) lobes, each lobe truncate, further divided into 2 obtuse-
Lemmermann 1899 rounded lobes; walls smooth.

Coenobia 4 cells; cells slightly curved, slightly cylindrical Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
with rounded apices, outer side of the marginal cells Distribution: India. Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar,
usually convex; cells 4.90-5.37µm long and 1.40-1.50µm Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka,
wide. Ladakh, Jharkhand, Kerala, Khandesh, Madhya Pradesh,
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Rajasthan,
Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.
Distribution: India. Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh,
Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Common, mostly identified as Pediastrum tetras
Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Ladakh, Maharashtra, (Ehrenberg) Ralfs.
New Delhi, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Arctic: Ellesmere Island. Atlantic Islands: Canary
Uttarakhand, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal. Islands. Europe: Andorra, Balearic Islands, Baltic Sea,
More or less common identified as Scenedesmus arcuatus Britain, Ireland, Black Sea, Bulgaria, Czech Republic,
(Lemmermann) Lemmermann. France, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Russia, Romania, Saxony (Germany), Slovakia,
Arctic: Ellesmere Island. Europe: Balearic Islands, Baltic Scandinavia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N. America:
Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Ireland, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Arkansas, Mexico, Connecticut, Laurentian Great Lakes,
Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Saxony New York, Northwest Territories, Québec (Qc), Virginia,
(Germany), Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Wisconsin. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay.
Ukraine. N. America: Laurentian Great Lakes, Mexico, Caribbean Islands: Cuba. Africa: Botswana, Ghana,
Northwest Territories (Nt). S. America: Argentina, Sudan, Zimbabwe. Middle East: Egypt, Iran, Iraq,
Brazil. Africa: Botswana. Middle East: Georgia, Iraq, Georgia, Israel, Turkey. South-East Asia: Singapore.
Israel, Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh, Pakistan. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. Asia: Tajikistan, China,
South-East Asia: Singapore. Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Russia, Russia (Far East),
Russia (Far East), Sakha (Yakutia), Taiwan, Tajikistan. Sakha (Yakutia), Taiwan. Australia and New Zealand:
Australia and New Zealand: New Zealand, Queensland. New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern Territory,
Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria. Pacific Islands/Pacific
11. Verrucodesmus verrucosus (Y.V.Roll) E.Hegewald Ocean: Hawaiian Islands.
in Hegewald, E., Bock, C. & Krienitz, L., Fottea 14(2):
155. 2013. [Plate-I, k] 13. Dimorphococcus lunatus A. Braun, Alg. Unicell.
Cog. 44. 1855. [Plate-II, a]
Basionym: Scenedesmus verrucosus Y. V. Roll 1925
Colony irregular, 39-54µm in diameter; cells form a group
Coenobia two rows with 8 cells linearly arranged; cells of four cells and arranged alternately in a zigzag manner;
broadly ovoid; walls greenish brown in colour, with a outer cells crescent-shaped and inner cells ellipsoid, end
warty surface, granules irregularly arranged; cells 9-10µm rounded; cells 13-14µm long and 4.95-6.23µm wide.
long and 5.8-6.01µm broad.
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
Distribution: India. Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Arunachal
Distribution: India. Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha. Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu &
12. Stauridium tetras (Ehrenberg) E. Hegewald in Kashmir, Kerala, Manipur, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil
Buchheim & al. J. Phycol. 41: 1054. 2005. [Plate-I, l] Nadu, West Bengal.

Basionym: Micrasterias tetras Ehrenberg Atlantic Islands: Azores. Europe: Baltic Sea, Britain,
Ireland, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands,
Romania, Saxony, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden,

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Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

PLATE-II: a. Dimorphococcus lunatus; b. Kirchneriella dianae; c. Cylindrocapsa conferta; d. Microspora stagnorum; e. Closterium dianae;
f. Closterium kuetzingii; g. Closterium moniliferum; h. Closterium planum; i. Closterium parvulum; j. Closterium parvulum var. majus; k.
Closterium setaceum; l. Closterium tumidum; m. Cosmarium auriculatum; n. Cosmarium pachydermum f. parvum (Fig- k Scale Bar 50 µm
& all others figs Scale Bar 20 µm).

46 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

Ukraine. West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East Asia: Singapore.

Asia: China, Japan, Russia (Far East), Taiwan. Australia
N. America: Laurentian Great Lakes, Québec. Caribbean and New Zealand: New Zealand. Antarctic and
Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay. Antarctic Islands: Queen Maud Land.
Africa: Côte D'ivoire, Sudan. Middle East: Iraq, Israel,
Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East Asia: 17. Closterium dianae Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, Brit. Desmid.
Myanmar, Singapore. Asia: China, Japan, Kazakhstan, 168. 1848. [Plate-II, e]
Korea, Russia (Far East), Taiwan. Australia and New
Zealand: New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern Cells 8 times longer than broad, strongly curved, 115º of
Territory, Queensland, Victoria. arc, the ventral margin very slightly swollen, gradually
attenuated to the apical regions; poles obliquely truncate;
14. Kirchneriella dianae (Bohlin) Comas, Acta Bot. wall brownish and smooth; chloroplast with 4 pyrenoids
Cubana 2: 4. 1980. [Plate-II, b] in each semicell; cells 144.05-145.55µm long and 8.19-
18.07µm broad.
Cells crescent shaped, strongly curved, slightly twisted,
with sharply acute ends and almost touching ends; cells Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
11.30-12.05µm long and 3.45-4.34µm broad.
Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka,
Ladakh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil
Distribution: India. Tripura, Manipur, Uttar Pradesh. Nadu, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand,
This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State. West Bengal.

15. Cylindrocapsa conferta West, J. Roy. Microscop. This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State.
Soc., London, 16: 735. 1892. [Plate-II, c] 18. Closterium kuetzingii Brébisson, in Mém. Soc. Sci.
Filaments 3 cells long; cells subquadrate or ellipsoid in Nat. Cherbourg 4: 156. 1856. [Plate-II, f]
shape; cells enclosed within a thick mucilaginous sheath; Cells 24 times longer than broad, almost straight, mid
cells shorter than wide; cells 14.55-17.14µm long and portion fusiform-lanceolate, dorsal and ventral margins
16.06-17.70µm wide. uniformly convex, attenuated rather short toward the
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 apical portion to form setaceous processes; apices slightly
incurved, poles rounded and slightly inflated; chloroplast
Distribution: India. Bihar, Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, with 7 pyrenoids and not extending into the processes;
Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh. cell 400.33-402µm long and 10.39-16.31µm broad.

This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State. Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98

16. Microspora stagnorum (Kützing) Lagerheim, in Ber. Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra
Deutsch. Bot. Gesell. 5: 417. 1887. [Plate-II, d] Pradesh, Assam, Goa, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh,
Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Ladakh, Madhya Pradesh,
Cells cylindrical and not constricted at cross wall, wall Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand,
thin (1.30µm wide), smooth; chloroplasts variable, Jharkhand, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal.
perforated, not filling cell; H shaped sections present;
Cells 26.96-29.24µm long and 10.40-10.50µm wide. This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State.

Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 19. Closterium moniliferum Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, Brit.
Desmid. 166. 1848. [Plate-II, g]
Distribution: India. Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, Odisha.
Cells 9 times longer than broad, moderately curved, 65º
Arctic: Ellesmere Island. Atlantic Islands: E. Greenland. of arc, ventral wall inflated in the mid region, the outer
Europe: Austria, Britain, Ireland, Czech Republic, wall strongly convex; poles rounded; wall colourless and
Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, smooth; chloroplast with 6-7 longitudinal ridges and 8
Russia, Saxony, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, axial pyrenoids; cells 250-254µm long and 14.83-27µm
Ukraine. N. America: Arkansas, Laurentian Great Lakes, wide.
Mexico, Northwest Territories, Québec, Tennessee,
Virginia. S. America: Argentina. Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98

Middle East: Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Turkey. South- Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra

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Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Ladakh, Madhya Pradesh,
Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Ladakh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha, Uttar
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Odisha, Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal.
Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand,
Tamil Nadu, West Bengal. Arctic: Ellesmere Island. Europe: Andorra, Austria,
Balearic Islands, Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Ireland,
Europe: Andorra, Austria, Balearic Islands, Baltic Czech Republic, Denmark, Europe, France, Germany,
Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Britain & Ireland, Czech Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Romania,
Republic, Europe, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Russia, Saxony, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Ukraine, Alaska, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana,
Russia (Europe), Saxony (Germany), Scandinavia, Maine, Mexico, New Jersey, New York, Newfoundland,
Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N. Northwest Territories, Québec (Qc). Caribbean Islands:
America: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Indiana, Kansas, Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay. Africa:
Louisiana, Maine, Mexico, Mississippi, New Jersey, New Botswana, Ghana, Lake Chad, Nigeria, Sudan, Zaire.
York, Newfoundland (Nl), North Carolina, Northwest Middle East: Georgia, Iraq, Turkey. South-West Asia:
Territories (Nt), Québec (Qc), Tennessee, Virginia, Bangladesh, Khandesh, Pakistan. South-East Asia:
Washington. Singapore, Thailand. Asia: Caspian Sea, China, Japan,
Korea, Kuril Islands, Russia (Far East), Russia (Siberia),
Caribbean Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Sakha (Yakutia), Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New
Brazil. Africa: Botswana, Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast), Zealand: New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern
Democratic Republic Of Congo, Ghana, Lake Chad, Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia.
Nigeria, Sudan, Zaire, Zimbabwe. Middle East: Georgia, Pacific Islands/Pacific Ocean: Hawaiian Islands.
Iraq, Israel, Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh,
Pakistan. South-East Asia: Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, 22. Closterium parvulum Nägeli var. majus (Schmidle)
Vietnam. Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Kuril Islands, Nepal, Willi Krieger, Die Desmid. Europas, 277. 1935.
Russia (Far East), Russia (Siberia), Sakha (Yakutia), [Plate-II, j]
Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New Zealand: New
South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland Victoria. Pacific Cells 12 times longer than broad, strongly curved, 118º
Islands/Pacific Ocean: Hawaiian Islands. of arc, straight in the midregion, gradually attenuated to
the apical region; poles sharply rounded; wall smooth,
20. Closterium planum E.O.Hughes, Canadian J. Bot. colorless; chloroplast with 6 axial pyrenoids; cell
30: 284. 1952. [Plate-II, h] 189.38µm long and 8.33-14.46µm broad.

Cells 16 time longer than broad, 50º of arc; poles truncate; Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
wall smooth; chloroplast with 5-6 longitudinal ridges and
8 axial pyrenoids; cells 176.41µm long and 6.73-11µm Distribution: India. Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh.
broad. This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India.
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 Europe: Austria, Britain, Ireland, Europe, France,
Distribution: India. Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Slovakia, Ukraine. N.
Sikkim. America: Arkansas, Kansas, Québec (Qc). S. America:
Brazil. Africa: Nigeria.
This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State.
Middle East: Georgia, Turkey. Asia: Tajikistan.
21. Closterium parvulum Nägeli, Gatt. Einzell. Alg. 106.
1849. [Plate-II, i] 23. Closterium setaceum Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, Brit.
Desmid. 176. 1848. [Plate-II, k]
Cells 11 times longer than broad, strongly curved, 120º
of arc, mid-region straight, gradually attenuated to the Cells 30 times longer than broad, almost straight, slender,
apical portion; poles sharply rounded; wall smooth, midregion fusiform, midregion to apical region gradually
colourless; chloroplast with 5-6 axial pyrenoids; cell narrow to form rostrate, colorless extensions with parallel
96.57µm long and 5.30-8.95µm broad. margins; poles truncate; wall colourless; chloroplast with
three pyrenoids; cell 435.81µm long and 5.69-14.24µm
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 broad.

Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271
Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir,

48 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

Distribution: India. Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Australia and New Zealand: New South Wales.
Maharashtra, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh.
26. Cosmarium pachydermum P. Lundell, f. parvum
Europe: Austria, Baltic Sea, Britain, Britain & Ireland, Croasdale, in Prescott, & al. A synop. North Amer.
Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Europe, France, Germany, desmids. Part II. Desmidiaceae: Placodermae Section 3:
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, 215. 1981. [Plate-II, n]
Portugal, Romania, Saxony (Germany), Scandinavia,
Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N. America: Cell large, about 1.2µm longer than broad; semicells
Arkansas, Kansas, New Jersey, Northwest Territories semicircular with rounded basal angles and rounded apex;
(Nt), Québec (Qc), Virginia, Washington. Caribbean wall thick, fine close puncta present; median constriction
Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay. moderately deep, sinus narrow; cell 50.23-51.05µm long,
Africa: Botswana, Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast), Ghana, 41.91-42.55µm broad and isthmus 12.17µm.
Lake Chad, Nigeria, South Africa, Zaire, Zimbabwe. Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271
Middle East: Georgia, Iraq, Turkey. South-East Asia:
Indonesia, Thailand. Distribution: India. Tamil Nadu.
Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Russia (Far East), Sakha This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India.
(Yakutia), Taiwan. Australia and New Zealand:
New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern Territory, Europe: Italy. N. America: Arkansas, New Jersey. S.
Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria. Pacific Islands/Pacific America: Brazil. Asia: China.
Ocean: Hawaiian Islands. 27. Cosmarium retusiforme (Wille) Gutwinski, Fl. Alg.
24. Closterium tumidum L.N.Johnson, in Bull. Torrey agri Leopolensis, Kraków 27: 69. 1892. [Plate-III, a]
Bot. Club 22 (7): 291. 1895. [Plate-II, l] Cell small, longer than broad; semicells truncate-
Cells 14 times longer than broad, slightly curved, 78º subpyramidal, lower portion of each semicells broadly
of arc, convex dorsal wall, poles truncate; wall smooth, rounded and upper part markedly retuse; sinus deeply
colourless; chloroplast with 5 pyrenoids; cell 134µm long constricted, closed; cell length 22-23.27µm, 15.34-
and 4.66-9.60µm broad. 17.04µm wide and isthmus 4.29µm.

Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 Voucher No: MoEF & CC/MD/JM/JPK-271

Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra Distribution: India. Gujarat, Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir,
Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Uttar
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh. Pradesh, West Bengal.

This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State. This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State.

25. Cosmarium auriculatum Reinsch, 28. Euastrum insulare (Wittrock) J. Roy, in Scottish
Chlorophyllophyceae 83. 1875. [Plate-II, m] Naturalist 4: 70. 1877. [Plate-III, b]

Cell slightly wider than length; semicells transversely Cell quadrate in outline, 1.16 time longer than broad;
elliptical, the basal portion furnished with a stout, blunt semicells quadrangular, basal lobes weakly bilobed with
spinulation and the lateral margins furnished with three the margins subparallel; the apical margin flat but retuse
blunt spines; the apex of the semicells broadly convex; in the midregion; sinus narrow and closed throughout;
the sinus closed; cell 35-35.48µm long, 38-39.60µm cell 17.46µm long, 15.57µm broad and isthmus 4.26µm.
broad and isthmus 8.77µm. Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 Distribution: India. Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand,
Distribution: India. Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir,
Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Sikkim.
Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, New This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State.
Delhi, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu &
Kashmir, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal. 29. Staurastrum asteroideum West & G. S. West, in
Trans. Linn. Soc. London, ser. 2, Botany 5: 263. 1896.
Middle East: Iraq. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. [Plate-III, c]
South-East Asia: Indonesia. Asia: China, Japan, Taiwan.

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 49
Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

PLATE-III: a. Cosmarium retusiforme; b. Euastrum insulare; c. Staurastrum asteroideum; d. Staurastrum contectum var. inevolutum;
e. Discoplastis constricta; f. Euglena gaumei; g. Euglenaformis proxima; h. Lepocinclis acuminata; i. Lepocinclis acus; j. Lepocinclis cylindrica;
k. Lepocinclis heterochila; l. Lepocinclis oxyuris (Scale Bar 20 µm).

50 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

Cells small, 2-3 times longer than broad; in ventral view Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
cell showing five processes, undulate spiny margins,
tipped with three stout teeth; length of the cell with Distribution: India. Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar
processes 28.47-29.05µm. Pradesh.

Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India.

Distribution: India. This is the first report of the taxon Europe: Germany, Netherlands, Romania, Ukraine. N.
from India. America: Alabama. S. America: Brazil. Middle East:
Turkey. Asia: Taiwan.
Europe: France, Slovakia, Slovenia. N. America:
Washington. S. America: Brazil, Uruguay. Asia: Japan, 33. Euglenaformis proxima (P.A. Dangeard) M.S. Bennett
Russia. & Triemer, Phycologia 53(1): 68. 2014. [Plate-III, g]

30. Staurastrum contectum W. B. Turner var. Basionym: Euglena proxima P.A.Dangeard 1902
inevolutum W. B. Turner, in Bih. Kongl. Svensk. Vet.- Cell spindle shaped, anterior end bluntly rounded,
Akad. Handl. 25(5): 111. 1892. [Plate-III, d] posterior end tapered gradually to a point; chloroplasts
Cell medium sized, length and breadth more or less numerous, irregular, disc shaped, without pyrenoid; cell
same; median constriction shallow; semicell cuneate- 83.25-84.54µm long and 8.90-14.28µm broad.
shaped, basal margins convex, apical angles bifurcate and Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
produced a pair of much shorter spines; cell 16-19µm
long and 16.05-17µm wide. Distribution: India: All identified as Euglena proxima
P.A.Dangeard. Chattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh,
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 Karnataka, Jharkhand, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya,
Distribution: India. Tamil Nadu, West Bengal. Nagaland, New Delhi, Odisha, Tripura, Uttarakhand,
Uttar Pradesh.
This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha State.
Europe: Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Ireland, Germany,
EUGLENOPHYCEAE Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Scandinavia, Slovakia,
Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N. America: Arkansas,
31. Discoplastis constricta (Matvienko) Zakrys & M. Kentucky, Laurentian Great Lakes, Mexico, Northwest
Lukomska in Lukomska-Kowalczyk & al., J. Phycol. Territories (Nt), Virginia. Caribbean Islands: Cuba. S.
57(3): 772. 2021. [Plate-III, e] America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Botswana, Burkina
Basionym: Lepocinclis constricta Matvienko Faso, Sudan. Middle East: Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,
Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh, Pakistan. South-
Cell gourd shaped; anterior end narrowed with truncate East Asia: Singapore, Indonesia. Asia: Japan, Korea,
apex; posterior end with a short, straight cauda; Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New Zealand: New
paramylon bodies many, globular to ovoid in shape; cell Zealand, Queensland.
12-13µm broad and 22-22.50µm long.
34. Lepocinclis acuminata Deflandre, Ann. Protistol. 3:
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 225. 1932. [Plate-III, h]

Distribution: India. Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh. Cell irregular pyriform; upper half of the lateral sides
broadly rounded; anterior end globose, apex rounded,
This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India. bilobed at one side just below the apex; posterior end
Europe: Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands. Middle tapered into a long cauda; paramylon bodies many
East: Turkey. Asia: Taiwan, Tajikistan. irregular grains; cell 32-33µm broad and 47.89-49µm
long with cauda.
32. Euglena gaumei P.Allorge & M.Lefèvre, Bull. Soc.
Bot. France 72(6): 123. 1925. [Plate-III, f] Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98

Cell cylindrical; anterior end slightly narrow, rounded; Distribution: India. This is the first record of the taxon
posterior end gradually narrowed into a long, sharp from India.
pointed cauda; paramylon bodies two, rod-shaped; cell Europe-France.
8-10µm broad and 68-70µm long.
35. Lepocinclis acus (O.F.Müller) B. Marin & Melkonian

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 51
Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

in Marin & al., Protist 154:104. 2003. [Plate-III, i] with cauda.

Basionym: Vibrio acus O.F.Müller Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98

Cell needle-shaped, elongate, spindle-shaped; anterior Distribution: India. Odisha.

end narrow, apically truncate; posterior end gradually
narrowed to a long, fine point; chloroplasts numerous, S. America: Argentina.
disc-like without pyrenoids; paramylon bodies many, 38. Lepocinclis oxyuris (Schmarda) B.Marin &
rod-shaped; cell 10-13µm broad and 210-214.85µm long. Melkonian in Marin & al., Protist 154: 104. 2003.
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 [Plate-III, l]

Distribution: India: Mostly identified as Euglena acus. Basionym: Euglena oxyuris Schmarda
Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Cell longitudinally cylindrical; anterior end rounded;
Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Kerala, Karnataka, posterior end narrowing to a tail-piece; pellicle spirally
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, striated; paramylon bodies three, large, rectangular-
Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar shaped; cell 18.50-20.74µm broad and 161-163.49µm
Pradesh, West Bengal. long.
Europe: Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Ireland, Bulgaria, Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
Czech Republic, France, Germany, Netherlands, Romania,
Poland, Russia, Saxony, Slovakia, Scandinavia, Sweden, Distribution: India. Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat,
Spain, Ukraine. N. America: Arkansas, Laurentian Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand,
Great Lakes, Kentucky, Mexico, Québec (Qc), Virginia. Karnataka, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Rajasthan,
Caribbean Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.
Uruguay. Africa: Botswana, Côte D'ivoire, Ghana, Libya,
Sierra Leone, Sudan, Zaire. Middle East: Egypt, Iraq, Europe: Baltic Sea, Britain, Black Sea, Ireland, Bulgaria,
Israel, Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South- Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Poland,
East Asia: Indonesia, Myanmar (Burma), Singapore. Romania, Saxony (Germany), Scandinavia, Slovakia,
Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Caspian Sea, Russia (Far East), Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N. America: Arkansas,
Taiwan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan. Australia And New Alabama, Laurentian Great Lakes, Mexico, Mississippi,
Zealand: New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern North Carolina, Mexico, Québec (Qc), Virginia.
Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Caribbean Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil,
Victoria. Uruguay. Africa: Botswana, Côte D'ivoire, Zaire. Middle
East: Iraq, Israel, Turkey. South-East Asia: Indonesia,
36. Lepocinclis cylindrica (Korsikov) W. Conrad, in Myanmar, Singapore. Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Russia
Arch. Protistenk. 82: 212. 1934. [Plate-III, j] (Far East), Taiwan, Sakha, Tajikistan. Australia and
New Zealand: New South Wales, Northern Territory,
Cell cylindrical; anterior end rounded; posterior end Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria.
rounded with a small caudal process; paramylon bodies
two, ring-like plate; cell 10.40-11µm broad and 18- 39. Lepocinclis spirogyroides B.Marin & Melkonian in
18.49µm long. Marin & al., Protist 154: 104. 2003. [Plate-IV, a]
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 Heterotypic synonyms:
Distribution: India. This is the first record of the taxon Euglena spirogyra Ehrenberg 1832
from India.
Euglena spirogyra var. elegans Playfair 1921
Europe: Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Ukraine. N.
America: Mississippi. S. America: Brazil. Middle East: Euglena spirogyra var. fusiformis Deflandre 1924
Israel. Asia: Russia (Far East), Tajikistan. Euglena pseudospirogyra Z.X.Shi 1994
37. Lepocinclis heterochila Kufferath in Conrad, in Cell long, longitudinally spindle-shaped; anterior end
Arch. Protistenk.. 82: 233. 1934. [Plate-III, k] bluntly rounded; posterior end with a distinctly bent tail-
Cell cylindrical; anterior end broadly rounded, bilobed piece; pellicle yellowish in color, bearing rows of shining
at one side just below the apex; posterior end conically beads; chloroplast many, small, disc-shaped without
round with a short thin cauda; paramylon bodies many, pyrenoids; paramylon bodies two; cell 7.82-9.56µm
small rod-like; cell 13-15µm broad and 40.25-41µm long
52 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

broad and 80.05-82.60µm long. 38-39.13µm long with cauda.

Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271 Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271

Distribution: India. Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Distribution: India: Mostly identified as Euglena pyrum
Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Ehrenberg. Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tripura, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Tripura, Odisha,
Uttar Pradesh. Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

Europe: Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Ireland, Czech Europe: Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Bulgaria, Ireland,
Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Poland,
Saxony, Spain, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Sweden, Ukraine. Romania, Saxony, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden,
N. America: Alabama, Arkansas, Laurentian Great Lakes, Ukraine. N. America: Alabama, Arkansas, Iowa,
Mexico, Mississippi, Québec (Qc), Tennessee, Virginia. Laurentian Great Lakes, Kentucky, Mexico, Québec
Caribbean Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, (Qc), Virginia, Tennessee. Caribbean Islands: Cuba.
Uruguay. Africa: Botswana, Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast), S. America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Côte D'ivoire
Zaire. Middle East: Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Turkey. (Ivory Coast), Sierra Leone, South Africa, Cameroon.
Middle East: Israel, Turkey, Georgia. South-West Asia:
South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East Asia: Bangladesh, Pakistan. South-East Asia: Indonesia,
Indonesia, Myanmar (Burma). Asia: China, Japan, Myanmar, Singapore. Asia: China, Japan, Taiwan, Russia
Russia (Far East), Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New (Far East), Sakha (Yakutia), Tajikistan. Australia and
Zealand: New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern New Zealand: New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern
Territory, Queensland, Victoria. Pacific Islands/Pacific Territory, Queensland, Victoria. Pacific Islands/Pacific
Ocean: Hawaiian Islands. Ocean: Hawaiian Islands.
40. Lepocinclis spirogyroides B.Marin & Melkonian 42. Phacus acuminatus A. Stokes, Amer. Monthly
var. indica Keshri & Mal var. nov. [Plate-IV, b & c] Microscop. J. l 6: 183. 1885. [Plate-IV, e]
Cell long, cylindrical; anterior end bluntly rounded; Cell broadly ovoid to oval in shape; anterior end nearly
posterior end with a sharp tail-piece; pellicle yellowish in rounded; posterior end rounded with a short cauda;
color; pellicular striations twisted, bearing rows of warty cauda short, slightly bent; paramylon bodies two, circular
pinhead beads; cell 20.86-22.60µm broad and 112.17- plate like; cell 20.78-24.89µm broad and 28.05-29.93µm
113µm long. long.
The new variety differs from the typical variety Lepocinclis Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
spirogyroides B.Marin & Melkonian var. spirogyroides
B.Marin & Melkonian in bearing conspicuous rows of Distribution: India: Common. Gujarat, Jharkhand,
warty pinhead beads. Lepocinclis spirogyroides B.Marin Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra,
& Melkonian var. tortus (Prijmaczenko) D. A. Kapustin Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, Uttar
is a similar variety having spirally arranged granules but Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, West Bengal.
both the existing varieties lack distinctly larger pin head
beads. Europe: Britain, Ireland, Czech Republic, Germany,
Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Saxony (Germany),
Holotype No. MoEF & CC/ JPK – 98, dated: 01/12/2018, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N.
deposited in algae herbarium of Department of Botany, America: Alabama, Arkansas, Iowa, Laurentian Great
The University of Burdwan (BURD). Collection date- Lakes, Mexico, Québec (Qc), Tennessee. Caribbean
01/12/2018, place- Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha. Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa:
Burkina Faso, Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast), Libya, Sierra
41. Monomorphina pyrum (Ehrenberg) Mereschkowsky, Leone, Sudan, Zaire. Middle East: Georgia, Iraq, Israel,
in Trudy Sankt-Peterburg. Obshchestva Estestvoisptatele Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East Asia:
8(2): 295. 1877. [Plate-IV, d] Indonesia, Myanmar, Singapore. Asia: China, Japan,
Basionym: Euglena pyrum Ehrenberg. Russia (Far East), Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New
Zealand: Northern Territory.
Cell ovoid to spindle-shaped; anterior end widely
rounded; posterior end gradually narrow to form a 43. Phacus curvicauda Svirenko, in Archiv f. Hydrobiol.
long, straight, pointed tail-piece; pellicle spirally ribbed; Plankton 10: 333. 1915. [Plate-IV, f]
paramylon two, ring-like; cell 13.04-17.39µm broad and Cell broadly oval; dorsal keel prominent; anterior end

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 53
Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

PLATE-IV: a. Lepocinclis spirogyroides; b & c. Lepocinclis spirogyroides var. indica var. nov.; d. Monomorphina pyrum; e. Phacus acuminatus;
f. Phacus curvicauda; g. Phacus glaber; h. Phacus longicauda; i. Phacus makrostigma; j. Phacus raciborskii; k. Phacus alatus; l. Strombomonas
fluviatilis (Scale Bar 20 µm).

54 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

truncately rounded; posterior end with a curved, short Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.
cauda; paramylon bodies two, circular-like plate; cell 15-
17µm broad and 26.01-27µm long, Europe: Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain, Bulgaria, Czech
Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Romania,
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 Saxony (Germany), Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sudan,
Sweden, Ukraine. N. America: Alabama, Arkansas,
Distribution: India: Common. Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Iowa, Laurentian Great Lakes, Mexico, Mississippi,
Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, North Carolina, Québec, Tennessee, Virginia. Caribbean
Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay.
Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Africa: Botswana, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Zaire. Middle
Pradesh, Kerala, Ladakh, West Bengal. East: Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Turkey. South-West Asia:
Europe: Baltic Sea, Britain, Ireland, Bulgaria, Czech Bangladesh, Pakistan. South-East Asia: Indonesia,
Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Myanmar (Burma). Asia: China, Japan, Russia (Far East),
Saxony, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. Sakha (Yakutia), Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New
N. America: Arkansas, Kentucky, Laurentian Great Zealand: New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern
Lakes, Mexico, Mexico (Pacific), Mississippi, Northwest Territory, Queensland, Victoria.
Territories, Québec (Qc). Caribbean Islands: Cuba. S. 46. Phacus makrostigma Pochmann, in Archiv f.
America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Botswana, Côte Protistenk. 95: 170. 1942. [Plate-IV, i]
D'ivoire, Sudan, Zaire. Middle East: Georgia, Iraq, Israel,
Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East Asia: Cells obovoid, lateral margin enlarged; anterior end
Indonesia, Myanmar (Burma), Singapore. Asia: Japan, broadly rounded; posterior end with a very short, sharply
Russia (Far East), Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New bent, acuminate cauda; pellicular striations present,
Zealand: Northern Territory, Queensland, Tasmania. longitudinally disposed; paramylon bodies 2, ring-like;
cell 23-28µm broad and 46.39µm long.
44. Phacus glaber Pochmann, in Archiv f. Protistenk.
95: 236. 1942. [Plate-IV, g] Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98

Cells broadly oval; anterior end broadly rounded, having Distribution: India. This is the first record of the species
a median papilla; posterior end with a long awl-like from Indian subcontinent.
caudus; pellicular striations with rows of fine punctae
and longitudinally disposed; cell 18.68µm in diameter Europe: Romania, Spain.
and 27.38µm long. 47. Phacus raciborskii Drezepolski, in Kosmos 50(1A):
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 234. 1925. [Plate-IV, j]

Distribution: India. Odisha, Uttar Pradesh. Cell twisted, horn-like in outline, posterior end gradually
tapered into a short, bent, acuminate caudus; paramylon
Europe: Czech Republic, Netherlands, Romania, Saxony, bodies two; cell 8.79-11.24µm broad and 30.66µm long.
Scandinavia, Slovakia. S. America: Brazil. Africa: Sierra
Leone. South-East Asia: Singapore. Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98

45. Phacus longicauda (Ehrenberg) Dujardin, Hist. Distribution: India. Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu.
Natur. Zoo., Infus. 337. 1841. [Plate-IV, h] This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India.
Cell broadly obovoid; anterior broadly end rounded; Europe: Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Ukraine.
posterior end gradually tapered into a long, straight, N. America: Alabama, Mexico. S. America: Brazil.
acuminate cauda; pellicle longitudinally striated; disc- Africa: Côte D'ivoire. Middle East: Iraq. South-West
shaped chloroplasts present; paramylon body single Asia: Bangladesh.
large, ring like; cell 52-54.47µm in diameter and 130-
133.41µm long with cauda. South-East Asia: Singapore. Asia: Sakha, Taiwan,
Tajikistan. Australia and New Zealand: Northern
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 Territory, Queensland, Victoria.
Distribution: India: Common. Andhra Pradesh, Assam, 48. Phacus alatus G.A.Klebs, in Unters. aus dem Botan.
Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Inst, zu Tübingen 1: 312. 1883. [Plate-IV, k]
Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya,
Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Synonym: Phacus triqueter (Ehrenberg) Dujardin

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 55
Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

Cell broadly ovoid; dorsal side with prominent keel; verrucae; test 18.80-21.53µm broad and 43.69µm long
anterior end broadly rounded; posterior end posterior with neck and cauda.
end abruptly narrowing to a short, sharp and curved
acuminate caudaus; pellicular striations longitudinally Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
disposed; chloroplasts disc-shaped; paramylon bodies two, Distribution: India. Uttar Pradesh.
ring-shaped; cell 28.48-37.38µm broad and 50.92µm long.
This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India.
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
Europe: Netherlands, Scandinavia. S. America:
Distribution: India. Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast),
Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha, Uttarakhand, Sierra Leone. Middle East: Turkey.
Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.
51. Trachelomonas abrupta Svirenko in Arch.
Europe: Britain, Ireland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hydrobiol. Planktonk, 9: 638. 1914. [Plate-V, b]
Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Saxony, Slovakia, Spain,
Sweden, Ukraine. N. America: Alabama, Arkansas, Lorica elongate, cylindrical, yellowish-brown in color;
Kentucky, Laurentian Great Lakes, Tennessee, Virginia. anterior and posterior poles broadly rounded; flagellar
S. America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Botswana. Middle pore without collar; wall finely punctate; lorica 19.35-
East: Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Turkey. South-West Asia: 20.05µm broad and 26.98µm long.
Bangladesh. South-East Asia: Indonesia, Myanmar,
Singapore. Asia: China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia (Far Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-271
East), Taiwan. Distribution: India. Jharkhand, Karnataka, Odisha, Uttar
Australia And New Zealand: Australia, New South Pradesh.
Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria. This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India.
49. Strombomonas fluviatilis (Lemmermann) Deflandre, Europe: Britain, Ireland, Czech Republic, France,
Arch. f. Protistenk. 69: 580. 1930. [Plate-IV, l] Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Saxony,
Test broad ellipsoid; lateral sides roundly swelled; Scandinavia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N.
anterior end having a short broad neck with a flat oblique America: Alabama, Arkansas, Laurentian Great Lakes,
mouth; posterior end with a long sharp cauda; wall rough Mississippi, North Carolina. Caribbean Islands: Cuba.
with irregular verrucae; test 17.58-23.49µm broad and S. America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Côte D'ivoire
56.67µm long with neck and cauda. (Ivory Coast), Sierra Leone. Middle East: Georgia,
Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East Asia:
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98 Indonesia, Myanmar. Asia: China, Russia (Far East),
Tajikistan. Australia and New Zealand: Queensland.
Distribution: India. Gujarat, Maharashtra, Kerala, Uttar
Pradesh. 52. Trachelomonas armata (Ehrenberg) F. Stein var.
steinii Lemmermann, in Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen
This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India. 18: 165. 1905. [Plate-V, c]
Europe: Black Sea, Czech Republic, Germany, Lorica broad ellipsoid, without collar; anterior end with
Netherlands, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine. N. America: short spines; posterior end with stout, long spines; test
Alabama, Kentucky, North Carolina. Caribbean Islands: 37.35µm long and 30.23-32.09µm broad.
Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Democratic
Republic Of Congo, Sierra Leone. Middle East: Georgia, Voucher No: MoEF & CC/ JPK-98
Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East
Asia: Indonesia. Asia: China, Russia (Far East), Taiwan, Distribution: India. Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Meghalaya,
Tajikistan. Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

50. Strombomonas verrucosa (E.daday) Deflandre var. This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha state.
zmiewika (Svirenko) Deflandre, in Arch. Protistenkd. 69: 53. Trachelomonas armata (Ehrenberg) F. Stein var.
566. 1930. [Plate-V, a] indica Keshri & Mal var. nov. [Plate-V, d & e]
Test broad ellipsoid; anterior end rounded with a broad Lorica pear-shaped, without collar; anterior end with
neck having an irregular, flat mouth; posterior end with a short spines; posterior end with long spines, length of
narrow, long, slender cauda; wall scabrous with irregular spines 13.69-17.22 µm; test 38.95µm long and 24.17-

56 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

34.27µm broad. Europe: Netherlands, Romania, Ukraine. N. America:

Laurentian Great Lakes, Québec (Qc). Caribbean
The present variety is close in morphology to Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa:
Trachelomonas armata (Ehrenberg) F. Stein var. steinii Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast), Zaire. South-West Asia:
Lemmermann and Trachelomonas armata (Ehrenberg) Bangladesh. Asia: Japan.
F. Stein var. longispina Playfair but differs from both the
varieties of in having typical pear shaped lorica. 57. Trachelomonas playfairii Deflandre, in Bull. Soc.
Bot. France 71: 1125. 1924. [Plate-V, i]
Holotype No. MoEF & CC/JPK- 271, Dated: 10/03/2021
deposited in algae herbarium of Department of Botany, Lorica broad ellipsoid; anterior and posterior end broadly
The University of Burdwan (BURD). Collection date- rounded; collar cylindrical, curved; wall smooth; lorica
10/03/2021, place- Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha. 17.50-17.66µm broad and 21.82-22µm long.

54. Trachelomonas bacillifera Playfair var. minima Voucher No: MoEF & CC/JPK-98
Playfair, in Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 40: 22.
1915. [Plate-V, f] Distribution: India. Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar
Pradesh
Test almost spherical; wall reddish in color, cover with
blunt rod like spines; apical pore without collar; lorica This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India.
17.39-20.31µm broad and 25.11-26µm long. Europe: Britain, Ireland, Czech Republic, Netherlands,
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/JPK-98 Romania, Scandinavia, Ukraine. N. America: Laurentian
Great Lakes. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East
Distribution: India. Jharkhand, Maharashtra. Asia: Indonesia. Asia: Japan. Australia and New Zealand:
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland.
This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha state.
58. Trachelomonas similis A. Stokes, in Proc. Amer.
55. Trachelomonas hispida (Perty) Stein var. crenulatocollis Philos. Soc. 28: 76. 1890 [Plate-V, j]
(Maskell) Lemmermann, Kryptogamenflora 526. 1910
[Plate-V, g] Lorica ellipsoidal, yellowish-brown in color, punctate;
poles broadly rounded; flagellar por with a bent
Lorica ovoid; flagellum aperture surrounded by a short irregularly dentate collar; lorica 18-19µm broad and
collar with a coarsely toothed margin; wall punctate; test 26.97-27.30µm long.
21.77-22.05µm in diameter and 32-33µm.
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/JPK-98
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/JPK-98
Distribution: India. Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra,
Distribution: India. Uttar Pradesh.
This is the first report of the taxon from India. This is the first record of the taxon from Odisha state.
Europe: Britain, Ireland, Czech Republic, Germany, 59. Trachelomonas volvocina (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg,
Netherlands, Poland, Scandinavia, Slovakia, Sweden, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1833: 315.1834.
Ukraine. N. America: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi,
[Plate-V, k]
Tennessee. S. America: Argentina, Brazil. Africa: Côte
D'ivoire (Ivory Coast), Sierra Leone. Middle East: Lorica spherical; wall reddish brown in color, smooth;
Georgia, Turkey. South-East Asia: Indonesia, Myanmar, apical pore without collar; cell 16.5-17µm in diameter.
Thailand. Asia: Japan, Russia (Far East), Taiwan,
Tajikistan. Voucher No: MoEF & CC/JPK-98

56. Trachelomonas kellogii Skvortzov, in J. North China Distribution: India: Common. Arunachal Pradesh;
Branch Roy. Asiatic Soc. 50: 99. 1919. [Plate-V, h] Gujarat; Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka,
Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Rajasthan,
Lorica ovoid, without collar; spines present in both Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.
anterior and posterior end; chloroplast disc-shaped; test
31.48-32µm broad and 33.85-34.09µm long. Arctic: Arctic. Europe: Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Britain,
Ireland, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands,
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/JPK-98 Poland, Romania, Russia, Saxony, Scandinavia, Slovakia,
Spain, Sweden, Ukraine. N. America: Alabama,
Distribution: India. Odisha.

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 57
Phytoplankton Diversity of Mangalajodi Bird Sanctuary, Odisha

PLATE-V: a. Strombomonas verrucosa var. zmiewika; b. Trachelomonas abrupta; c. Trachelomonas armata var. steinii; d & e. Trachelomonas
armata var. indica var. nov.; f. Trachelomonas bacillifera var. minima; g. Trachelomonas hispida var. crenulatocollis; h. Trachelomonas kellogii;
i. Trachelomonas playfairii; j. Trachelomonas similis; k. Trachelomonas volvocina; l. Trachelomonas volvocinopsis; m. Trachelomonas volzii
(Scale Bar 20 µm).

58 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo
 Jay Mal and Jai Prakash Keshri

Arkansas, Kentucky, Laurentian Great Lakes, Mexico, constitute breeding ground for native and migratory
Mississippi, North Carolina, Northwest Territories, birds. This results in bird droppings that enrich the
Québec (Qc), Tennessee, Virginia. Caribbean Islands: habitats in addition to its natural formation of humus
Cuba. S. America: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay. Africa: and organic biomass. In these habitats we have observed
Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte D'ivoire, Democratic 61 taxa of phytoplankton belonging to different groups of
Republic Of Congo, South Africa, Sudan. Middle East: algae. Euglenophyceans are dominant component. The
Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Turkey. South-West Asia: reason is obvious. Bird droppings and enough humus
Bangladesh. South-East Asia: Indonesia, Myanmar, provide good nourishment to these mesotrophic algae.
Singapore, Thailand. Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Russia, On the other hand few coccal greens and blue greens
Sakha, Taiwan, Tajikistan. Australia and New Zealand: have been noted. The reason may be the organic rich
New South Wales, New Zealand, Northern Territory, environment is not particularly suitable for them. Several
Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria. Pacific species of Closterium and Cosmarium been recorded.
Islands/Pacific Ocean: Hawaiian Islands. Desmids usually prefer oligotrophic waters but these two
genera are pollution tolerant and most often encountered
60. Trachelomonas volvocinopsis Svirenko, in Archiv in organic rich waters. But this may not be due to the
Hydrobiol.9: 633. 1914. [Plate-V, l] organic pollution of the wetland because good cosmos of
Lorica globose, reddish-brown in color, wall smooth; phytoplankton have been recorded that indicates its high
chloroplast many without pyrenoids, plate-shaped; lorica species diversity value. On the other hand occurrence
20.84-21µm in diameter. of good number of species as new records to this region
and for the country reflects the uniqueness of the habitat.
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/JPK-271 This may result due to migration of algal species through
the migratory birds that carry most often some soil from
Distribution: India. Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, West their original habitats.
Bengal.

Europe: Britain, Poland, Romania, Scandinavia, Czech CONCLUSION

Republic, Ukraine, Spain, Netherlands, Sweden, Slovakia. Wetlands are the lungs of aquatic ecosystem that pertains
N. America: Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Mississippi. to support the natural biota as well as rich biodiversity.
Caribbean Islands: Cuba. S. America: Argentina, The occurrence of too many new records says the
Brazil, Uruguay. Africa: Côte D'ivoire (Ivory Coast), uniqueness of habitat. The migratory birds may have
Sierra Leone, Sudan. Middle East: Georgia, Israel, serious role in transportation of the phytoplankton
Turkey. South-West Asia: Bangladesh. South-East Asia: cysts & spores. Intensive and extensive studies may be
Singapore, Thailand. Asia: Russia (Far East), Tajikistan. taken in near future to correlate with the country of the
migratory birds & its associated phytoplankton that may
61. Trachelomonas volzii Lemmerman, in Abh. give interesting results.
Naturwiss. Verein. Bremen18:166, 1905. [Plate-V, m]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Test ovoid; wall smooth; anterior end slightly narrow;
posterior end broadly rounded; collar short, cylindrical The authors are grateful to Ministry of Environment Forest &
having a basal, ring-like thickening; test wall smooth; test Climate Change for funding under AICOPTAX programme
16.73-18.02µm broad and 22-85-23.45µm long. (No. F. No. 2018/15/2015-CS (Tax) dated 18th January 2018);
support from HOD Botany for laboratory facilities is highly
Voucher No: MoEF & CC/JPK-98 acknowledged. The authors are grateful to Professor G. G.
Distribution: India. Uttar Pradesh Maiti (Retired Professor, Kalyani University, West Bengal)
for critically going through the manuscripts and rendering
This is the first record of the taxon from eastern India. valuable suggestions.

Europe: Germany, Netherlands, Romania, Sweden. S. REFERENCES

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