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TLE – Industrial Arts:

Electronics Product
Assembly and Servicing
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Prepare Unit, Tools, and
Workplace for Installation and
Service
(Week 2)
 What I Need to Know

This module contains information and suggested learning activities in Maintaining

and Repairing a Washing Machine. Additionally, pre-testing and disassembling-
assembling procedures of a washing machine are included to comply with the
standard operating procedure. There are forms to accomplish for proper
documentation.

This module covers only one lesson:

● Prepare Unit, Tools, Equipment and Workplace for Repair/Maintenance

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. prepare necessary tools, test instruments and personal protective
equipment in line with job requirements,
2. conduct complete check-up of electronically controlled domestic
appliances, and
3. document the identified defects based on check-up conducted

What I Know

Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:
Name: ________________________________ Grade and Section: ______________________
Yr. Level & Subject (Specialization): ______________ Module No.: ___________________
Name of the Activity (e.g., What I Know) ______________________Date: ______________

Directions: Read each statement carefully and write the letter and word/s of
your answer on a separate sheet.

1. It refers to a domestic appliance that washes clothes and linens.

A. Blender C. Vacuum Cleaner
B. Microwave Oven D. Washing Machine
2. It is a device that is responsible for the conversion of electrical energy into
mechanical energy to facilitate an act of washing.
A. AC cord C. Spin timer
B. AC motor D. Wash timer
3. In a washing machine, it serves as a washing tub.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
4.In a washing machine, it serves as a passageway out of water.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
5. It is a rotating part inside the tub of a washing machine and responsible for
making the water spin.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator

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 B. Drum D. Top Cover
6. It is a processing circuit that accepts the input signal coming from the sensor,
program selection control and it provides the triggering voltage to the power
controller.
A. Comparator C. Input
command
B. Drain Hose D. Pulsator
7.It is used to cover the
tub.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
8. It is responsible for transmitting mechanical energy from the AC motor to
the pulley of gear assembly.
A. AC motor C. Drive control
B. Drive belt D. Pulley
9. It is a hand tool used in holding, gripping and cutting of wires.
A. Blade cutter C. Screwdriver
B. Pliers D. Soldering iron
10. It is a measuring instrument used to check continuity and resistance of
a circuit.
A. Ammeter C. Voltmeter
B. Ohmmeter D. Wattmeter

What’s In

Electronics technicians help design, develop, test, manufacture, install, and repair
electrical and electronic equipment such as communication equipment, medical
monitoring devices, navigational equipment, and computers. They may be employed
in product evaluation and testing, using measuring and diagnostic devices to adjust,
test, and repair equipment. Electronics technicians may also work as sales workers
or field representatives for manufacturers, wholesalers, or retailers giving advice on
the installation, operation, and maintenance of complex equipment and may write
specifications and technical manuals.

What’s New

One day your washing machine was faithfully cleaning your clothes, and you barely
even gave its operation a second thought. Then, any number of scenarios occurred.
Perhaps the machine's basin fills with water, but it will not drain. Or it drains but
does not spin. Or the clothes are washed but are not very clean. In short, your
washing machine does not work at its peak performance or has entirely stopped
working.
For a machine that works so hard, it is hardly surprising that your clothes washer
will occasionally break down or its performance will degrade to the point where the

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clothes are not getting sufficiently clean. Instead of calling in an expensive appliance
technician, you can repair your washing machine by yourself. Most of these repairs
require only simple tools and can be performed by homeowners who have only limited
appliance repair skills.

What is It
In every electronic work, it is a must to prepare first the necessary tools, materials,
and equipment needed as well as the information. The following list of tools,
materials, and equipment are needed in maintaining and repairing a washing
machine:

Tools and Materials in Maintaining Electronically Controlled Washing Machine

Soldering Iron with Soldering Lead Desoldering Tool

stand

Diagonal Cutting Pliers Long Nose Pliers Wire Stripper

Adjustable Plier Philip Screwdriver Flathead Screwdriver

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 Multitester/ Volt-Ohm- Combination Wrench Utility Knife
Milliammeter (VOM)

ESD Wrist Strap Mask Non-Static Brush

Apron Cable Tie Electrical Tape

Eye Protector/ Goggles Gloves Soldering Paste

Operation of a Washing Machine

Washing Machine is a domestic appliance that washes clothes with the aid of water
and detergent. It is also called a laundry machine, clothes washer, or washer that
includes immersing, dipping, rubbing, or scrubbing of clothes in water. This machine
is power driven with an AC motor connected to the power source (220v/60 Hz) so

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that the electrical energy can be converted into mechanical energy in order to
facilitate an act of washing, rinsing and spinning. The simplest washing machine
just agitates clothes in water with detergent, wherein some includes wash and spin
timers for automatic operations. Automatic machines or those electronically
controlled may fill, empty, wash, spin and heat in a cycle. The usual domestic
washing machine can be considered automatic because of the mechanical timer
used. Electronically controlled are those machines that utilize electronic circuits for
switching and program of the operation depending on the features.

Parts of Washing Machine and their Functions

Source: Service Manual- Automatic Washing Machine DWF-270G

Internal Parts External Parts
Drum Program Selection Control
Pulsator AC Cord
Water Inlet

Side Cover Tub

Drain Hose

Top Cover

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Functions of each part

Top Cover is used to cover the tub.

Pulsator is a rotating part inside the tub and responsible for making the
water spin.
Drain Hose is an outlet that serves as a passageway out for water after
spinning has been done.
Side Cover Tub is the main casing/housing for the parts of the unit.
Drum serves as a washing tub.
Water Supply Hose is an inlet of water.
Tub is a drum-like component in which water, clothes and soap are put
together prior to washing/spinning.

Block Diagram of Electronically Controlled Washing Machine

Source: STVEP -CES NC II CBLM

Power Controller- is a circuit that controls the amount of power supplied to the
motor.
Sensor- is an input receiver that detects input signals coming from forward and
reverse motors. It detects any abnormality of the operation for automatic shut off.
Program Selection Control- is a set of push button switches that set the operation
required of the washing machine. This circuit has a timing sequence to be selected
as low, medium, or high depending on how long and type of fabric to be washed.

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Comparator- is a processing circuit that accepts the input signal coming from sensor
and program selection control. This enables/ disables a sequence of commands for
the power controller.
Forward/Reverse Motor- is an electric machine which changes applied electrical
energy or power into mechanical output energy or power.
Input Command - is a setting period of the user.
AC Plug- is a connector intended for connecting the unit to the main power source
of 220V.
Drive Belt - is used to transmit mechanical energy from a driving pulley to a drive
pulley.
Buzzer- is an audio/ sound signal device to confirm or indicate that a task
programmed, or set is done or a problem occurred. This may be mechanical,
electromechanical, or piezoelectric.

Source:

Another example of Washing Machine (parts labeled)

Functions of each part

Timer Control-is a special clock mechanism or motor operated device used to

perform switching operations at predetermined time intervals.
Water Level Control- is a dial used to manage the quantity of water needed.
Wash Selector- is used to choose the task to be done
Water Supply Hoses- is an access for water supply
Drain Hose- is an outlet for the water to be dispense
Water Inlet Valve- is used to allow or stop water to flow
Off-Balance Switch- is used to shut the washer off to protect the washer if load is
unbalanced
Water Filter- is used to take out dirt from water by means of a fine physical barrier

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Spin Pulley- is used to transmit power from the electric motor to spin assembly
Spin Assembly- is used to control the power at the transmission
Water Pump- is used to push the water out of the unit.
Water Hose- is a passageway out of the water.
Transmission- is also known as gear box assembly; transmit and boost mechanical
power from the motor to the agitator.
Motor- is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical
energy or motion.
Motor Pulley- is used to transmit power from the electric motor to the transmission
through the drive belt.
Water Level Control Assembly- it contains a valve that is used to control the
quantity of water needed.
Lid Switch- is the safety feature of the unit that operates with the lid.
Tub- is a large round container where the act of washing happens.
Agitator- is a mechanism inside the tub that makes the water and clothes spin.

Basic Concept of Electronic Control

Electronic control is also referred to as electronic regulation that is done to an

appliance, situation or load by electronic devices. Domestic appliances are commonly
controlled directly or manually using electrical switches and timers. In electronic
devices, a transformer is commonly used not just to reduce the supply voltage
(220VAC) but also to isolate the load from the power source. To apply this safety
feature to domestic appliances, a device (electrically or electronically operated) is
needed. Relay and triac are just an example of devices that can be used.

Relay

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Various relays use an electromagnet to

mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as
solid-state relays. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-
power signal or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.

Electromagnet Type

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Parts of Electromagnetic Type Relay

● Yoke: Heavy-duty frame that encloses and supports the parts of the relay.
● Coil: Magnetic wire that is wound around a metal core. Creates an
electromagnetic field when energized.
● Armature: A relay moving part. The armature opens and closes the contacts.
An attached spring returns the armature to its original position.
● Contacts: The conducting part of the switch that closes or opens a circuit.

Illustration of a Relay

Schematic symbol of relay

Coil is a wire wound around a metal core. If this coil of wire is energized, an
electromagnetic field is produced causing the COM terminal to connect with NO
terminal. If the coil is not energized, COM is at the NC terminal (COM-common/ NO-
normally open/ NC- normally-closed).

Relays involve two circuits: the energizing circuit and the contact circuit. The coil is
on the energizing side; and the relay contacts are on the contact side. When a relay
coil is energized, current flow through the coil creates a magnetic field. Whether in a
DC unit where the polarity is fixed, or in an AC unit where the polarity changes, the
basic function remains the same: the magnetic coil attracts a ferrous plate, which is

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part of the armature. One end of the armature is attached to the metal frame, which
is formed so that the armature can pivot, while the other end opens and closes the
contacts. Contacts come in a number of different configurations, depending on the
number of Breaks, poles and throws that make up the relay. For instance, relays
might be described as Single-Pole, Single-Throw (SPST), or Double-Pole, Single-
Throw (DPST). These terms will give an instant indication of the design and function
of different types of relays. Solid-State Type

Semiconductors such as Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR), TRIAC, or transistor

output are used instead of mechanical contacts to switch the controlled power. The
output device (SCR, TRIAC, or transistor) is optically coupled to an LED light source
inside the relay. The relay is turned on by energizing this LED, usually with low-
voltage DC power. This optical isolation between inputs to output rivals the best that
electromechanical relays can offer.

Being solid-state devices, there are no moving parts to wear out, and they are able
to switch on and off much faster than any mechanical relay armature can move.
There is no sparking between contacts and no problems with contact corrosion.

Triac is one type of thyristor that functions as an electrically controlled switch for
AC loads. This device can switch the current in either direction by applying a small
current of either polarity between the gate and one of the two main terminals. It is
used in AC applications such as light dimming, motor-speed control, and in
microcontroller power control.

What’s More

Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:

Name: ________________________________ Grade and Section: ______________________

Yr. Level & Subject (Specialization): ______________ Module No.: ___________________
Name of the Activity. (e.g. What I Know )______________________Date:______________

Directions: Label the different blocks that resemble an electronically- controlled

washing machine. Write your answer on another sheet of paper.

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B. Direction: State the function of each part of the washing machine listed below.
6. Pulsator 11. Frame
7. Drain Hose 12. Coil
8. Buzzer 13. Armature
9. Program Selection Control 4. Contacts
10. Power Control 15. SCR, TRIAC or Transistor

What I Have Learned

● Washing Machine is a domestic appliance that washes clothes with

the aid of water and detergent.
● Top Cover is used to cover the tub.
● Pulsator is a rotating part inside the tub and responsible
for making the water spin.
● Drain Hose is an outlet that serves as a passageway out for
water after spinning has been done.
● Side Cover Tub is the main casing/housing for the parts of the
unit.
● Drum serves as a washing tub.
● Water Supply Hose is an inlet of water.
● Tub is a drum-like component in which water, clothes and
soap are put together prior to washing/spinning.
● Yoke: Heavy-duty frame that encloses and supports the parts of the
relay.
● Coil: Magnetic wire that is wound around a metal core. Creates an
electromagnetic field when energized.
● Armature: A relay moving part. The armature opens and closes the
contacts. An attached spring returns the armature to its original
position.

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 ● Contacts: The conducting part of the switch that closes or opens a
circuit.
● Coil is a wire wound around a metal core. If this coil of wire is energized,
an electromagnetic field is produced causing the COM terminal to
connect with NO terminal.
● Relay is an electrically operated switch.
● Triac is one type of thyristor that functions as an electrically controlled
switch for AC loads.

What I Can Do

Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:

Name: ________________________________ Grade and Section: ______________________

Yr. Level & Subject (Specialization): ______________ Module No.: ___________________
Name of the Activity. (e.g., What I Know) ______________________Date: ______________

Directions: Identify the tools, equipment, and materials in maintaining and

repairing a washing machine as numbered. Write your answers on a separate
sheet.

2. 4. 5.
1. 3.

8. 9. 10.
6. 7.

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 Assessment

Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:
Name: ______________________________ Grade and Section: ___________________
Subject: _____________________________Lesson Title: _________________________

Directions: Read each statement carefully and write the letter and word/s of
your answer on a separate sheet.

1. It is a hand tool used in holding, gripping and cutting of wires.

A. Blade cutter C. Screwdriver
B. Pliers D. Soldering iron
2. It is a measuring instrument used to check continuity and resistance of a
circuit.
A. Ammeter C. Voltmeter
B. Ohmmeter D. Wattmeter
3. It refers to a domestic appliance that washes clothes and linens.
A. Blender C. Vacuum Cleaner
B. Microwave Oven D. Washing Machine
4. It is a device that is responsible for the conversion of electrical energy into
mechanical energy to facilitate an act of washing.
A. AC cord C. Spin timer
B. AC motor D. Wash timer
5.It is used to cover the
tub.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top
Cover
6. It is responsible for transmitting mechanical energy from the AC motor to
the pulley of gear assembly.
A. AC motor C. Drive control
B. Drive belt D. Pulley
7. In a washing machine, it serves as a passageway out of water.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
8. It is a rotating part inside the tub of a washing machine and responsible for
making the water spin.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover
9. In a washing machine, it serves as a washing tub.
A. Drain Hose C. Pulsator
B. Drum D. Top Cover

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10. It is a processing circuit that accepts the input signal coming from the
sensor, program selection control and it provides the triggering voltage to the
power controller.
A. Comparator C. Input command
B. Drain Hose D. Pulsator

Additional Activities

Receiving a Washing Machine (Electronically Controlled) for

Maintain/ Repair
Use a separate sheet in answering the test. Be sure to write the following:
Name: ________________________________ Grade and Section: ______________________
Yr. Level & Subject (Specialization): ______________ Module No.: ___________________
Name of the Activity. (e.g., What I Know) ______________________Date: ______________

A. Directions: Provided with a defective Washing Machine, use maintenance

and repair form to gather and document the information about the appliance at
hand. Follow the procedures below:

Resources: Domestic appliance: Washing Machine (preferably electronically

controlled) Maintain and repair form

Procedure:
1. Conduct an initial interview to the owner of the appliance.
* Ask what the problem is.
* Request for the details of the problem (how does it happen/
since when/ nature of the problem)
2. As a serviceman, you must recognize the problem/ complain.
3. Make an initial inspection of the appliance.
*Physical appearance
*Operating controls and other parts
*Power cord
4. Take note of the information gathered and observed.
5. Accomplish Receiving and Repair form.

Receiving and Repair Form

Customer’s name:
________________________________________________________
Address:
__________________________________________________________________
Product/ Brand name: ___________________________________________________
Serial no:
________________________________________________________________
Complain: _______________________________________________________________

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 ____________________________________________________________________

Washing Machine Checklist

PARTS
GOOD DEFECTIVE
Top Cover

Pulsator
Drain Hose
Side Cover Tub
Drum

Water Supply Hose

Tub
AC cord

Student’s Signature___________________ Date prepared: ________

Teacher’s Signature___________________ Date checked: ________

B. Receiving Electronically Controlled Washing Machine for Maintain/ Repair

Directions: Read the questions/ item and check the appropriate box.

Tasks: YES NO

1. Recorded the name and address of the owner of the appliance?

2. Copied product/ brand/ name and serial number of the

appliance?

3. Asked for a complaint and the remarks/ condition of the

appliance?
4. Verified complaint on the condition of the appliance?

5. Accomplished checklist of appliance parts condition.

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 Top Cover

Pulsator

Drain Hose

Side Cover Tub

Drum

Water Supply Hose

Tub

AC cord

TOTAL

Note: You should check at least nine YES for you to proceed to the next
lesson. If not, you will repeat the activity.

Student’s Signature__________________ Date prepared: ___________

Teacher’s Signature__________________ Date checked: ___________

References

Books

Learners Manual Consumer Electronics Servicing NC IIFirst Edition 2014

Online Sources:

https://www.thespruce.com/washing-machine-repair-guide-4154046

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