DHANALAKSHMI SRINIVASAN COLLEGEOF

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL
ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK

III SEMESTER / II YEAR

 Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan College of Engineering and Technology
DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL
ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK

SUBJECT CODE/NAME: AE3352 –SOLID MECHANICS

SEM/Year:III/II

UNIT I: CONCURRENT AND NON- CONCURRENT

Introduction, Concept of FBD, Coplanar Concurrent force system, Moments, Coplanar Non- Concurrent force
system and Support Reactions – Application Problems.

PART - A (2Marks)
S.N QUESTIONS LEVE COMPETENCE
o L
1. Resolve the 100N force acting 30° to horizontal into two BT--3 Apply
components, one along horizontal and other along 120° to
horizontal.
2. Define the Second Law of Newton. BT-1
Remembering
3. Write the equations of equilibrium of a coplanar system of forces BT-1
Remembering
4. State Lami’s theorem with a neat sketch BT-1
Remembering
5. State the Parallelogram law of forces BT-1
Remembering
6. State the triangular law of forces BT-1
Remembering
7. Define principle of transmissibility BT-1
Remembering
8. Distinguish the following system of forces with a suitable sketch. BT-2
a) Understanding
Coplanar b) Collinear.
10. Mention the differences exist between Kinetics and Kinematics BT-2
Understanding
11. State the Gravitational Law of Newton. BT-1
Remembering
14. Solve the following: Two forces of magnitude 50 KN and 80 KN BT-5
are acting on a particle, such that the angle between the two is
135°. If both the force are acting away from the particle, calculate Evaluate
the resultant and find
its direction.
15. Compare ‘Resultant’ and ‘Equilibrant’ BT-2 Understanding
 16. Compare and contrast between particle and rigid body BT-2 Understanding

17. State the Polygon Law of forces. BT-1 Remembering

18. Imagine if the resultant of an 800N force acting towards eastern BT-4 Analyze
direction
and a 500N force acting towards north eastern direction
19. A force of 500N forms angle 60°,45° & 120° respectively x, y, z BT-5 Evaluate
axes.
Write the force in vector form.
Define Force. BT-1 Remembering
20.
2. Define a force couple system. BT-1 Remembering

3. State Varignon’s theorem. BT-1 Remembering

4. Define a couple. BT-1 Remembering

5. A Uniform ladder of weight 'W' leans against a vertical wall. BT-2 Understand
Assuming the contact surfaces as rough, draw the free body
diagram of the ladder
with necessary assumptions.
6. Solve the following: three couples 16Nm,-45Nm and 120Nm are BT-3 Apply
acting in the xy, yz and xz planes respectively. Find the resultant
moment vector of
these three couples.
7. State the different types of supports BT-1 Remembering

8. Write down the conditions of equilibrium of a particle in space BT-2 Understand

9. Identify the reactions at a fixed support of a plane beam that are BT-1 Remembering
possible.
10. Find the moment of the 100 N force about point A and B BT-3 Apply

11. List the different types of beams BT-1 Remembering

12. Predict how you will reduce a force into an equivalent force- BT-5 Evaluate
couple system.
14. Distinguish between couple and moment. BT-2 Understand
15. Illustrate free body diagram with one example. BT-1 Remembering

16. Identify the reactions at the supports of a simply supported beam. BT-1 Remembering

17. Mention the equation of equilibrium of a rigid body. BT-4 Analyze

18. Find the moment of 20 N force about the point 'O' as shown in BT-4 Analyze
Fig.

20. Mention some applications of cantilever beam. BT-1 Remembering

22 What is equlibrant and equlibrium BT-2 Understanding

23 Differentiate Force and Moment BT-2 Understand

PART – B and PART-C

S.N LEVE
QUESTIONS COMPETENCE
o L
1 (i) The following forces act a point (i) 200 N inclined at 30°
towards the North of East. (ii) 250 N towards North (iii) 300 N
BT-3 Apply
towards North West
(iv) 350 N inclined at 40° towards South of West. Find the
resultant of the force system.
2 Two cables which have known tensions are attached to the top
of a tower AB. A third cable AC is used as a guide wire as
shown in the figure below. Determine the tension in AC if the
resultant of the forces exerted at A by the three cables acts
vertically downwards. BT-3 Apply
3 Forces of 2 N, 3 N , 4 N ,5 N and 6 N are acting at one of the
angular points of regular hexagon towards the other angular BT-3 Apply
points taken in order. Find the resultant and its direction.

4 A disabled ship P is being pulled by two tugboats as shown in BT-4 Analyze

the figure.
The resultant of the forces exerted by the two tugboats is 30 kN
which is directed along the axis of the ship. Find (i) the required
tensions in each of the ropes for Ɵ = 30° (ii) the value of Ɵ such
that the tension in the rope PQ is minimum.

5 State and derive the expression for magnitude and direction of the
BT-1 Remembering
resultant using the Parallelogram law of forces.
6 (i) Two concurrent forces acts at an angle of 30°. The resultant
force is 15 N and one of the forces is 10 N. Find the other force.
(ii) find the magnitude of the two forces such that if they act at BT-3 Apply
right angles, their resultant is N. But if they act at 60°,
their resultant is N.
7 (i) A cylindrical roller has a weight of 10 kN and it is being
pulled by a force which is inclined at 30° with the horizontal as
shown in the figure. While moving it comes across an obstacle
10 cm high. Calculate the force required to cross the obstacle, if
BT-3 Apply
the diameter of the roller is 1 m.
8 The figure below shows cylinders, A of weight 100 N and B of
weight 50 N, resting on smooth inclined planes. They are
connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder
at their geometric centres by smooth pins. Find the force P, as
shown, that holds the system in the given position.
BT-2 Understanding

9 Three smooth pipes each weighing 20 kN and of diameter 60 cm

are to be placed in a rectangular channel with horizontal base as
shown in the figure. Calculate the reactions at the point of
contact between the pipes and between the channel and the
pipes. Take the width of the channel as 160 cm.
BT-5 Evaluate

10 Two identical rollers, each of weight 50 N, are supported by an

inclined plane and vertical walls as shown in the figure. Find the
reactions at the points of supports A, B and C. Assume all the
surfaces to be smooth.
BT-5 Evaluate
11 A string ABCD, attached to two fixed points A and D has
two equal weights of 1000 N attached to it at B and C. The BT-5 Evaluate
weights rest with the portions AB and CD inclined at the angle
of 30° and 60° respectively, to the vertical as shown in the
figure. Find the tensions in the portions AB, BC and CD of the
string, if the inclination of the portion BC with the vertical is
120°.

12 A ball of weight 120 N rests in a right angled groove as shown

in the figure. The sides of the groove are inclined at an angle of
30° and 60° to the horizontal. If all the surfaces are smooth, then
determine the reactions RA and RC at the point of contact.

BT-4 Analyze

13 A string of length 310mm has its extremities attached to two

fixed points situated 250mm apart in a horizontal line. If the
BT-3 Apply
string can bear any tension up to 36N, find the greatest load that
can be supported at a point of the string distance 240mm from
one extremity.
14 Two smooth circular cylinders each of weight 1000 N and radius
15 cm are connected at their centers by a string AB of length 40
cm and rest upon a horizontal plane, supporting above them a BT-3 Apply
third cylinder of weight 2000 N and radius 15 cm as shown in
Figure. Predict the force S in the string AB and reactions on
the floor at the points of contact D and E.
 PART-C (15 Marks)
1 Five forces are acting on a particle. The magnitude of forces are
300 N, 600 N, 700 N, 900 N and P and their respective angles
made with the horizontal are 0°, 60°, 135°, 210° and 270°. If the BT-6 Create
vertical component of all forces is -1000 N, find the value of P.
Also calculate the magnitude and the direction of the resultant,
assuming that the first force acts towards the
point, while all the remaining forces act away from the point.
2 A electric light fixture weighing 150 N hangs from a point C, by
two strings AC and BC as shown in the figure. Determine the
forces in the strings AC and BC.

BT-6 Create

3 Two cables are tied together at the point O and loaded as shown
BT-5 Evaluate
in thefigure. Determine the tensions in OO1 and OO2.
4 Determine the resultant of system of forces acting as shown in Fig.

BT-3 Apply
1 Four forces of magnitude and direction acting on a square ABCD of side 2 m
are shown in the figure. Calculate the resultant in magnitude and direction
and also locate its point of application with respect to the sides AB and AD.

BT-5 Evaluate

2 Four forces act on a 700 mm X 375 mm plate as shown in the figure. (a) Find
BT-2 Understanding
the resultant of these forces. (b) Locate the two points where the line of
action of the resultant intersects the edge of the plate.
3 The three forces and a couple of magnitude, M = 18 Nm are applied to an
angled bracket as shown in the figure. Find (i) Find the resultant of this
system of forces. (ii) Locate the points where the line of action of the
resultant intersects line AB and line BC.

BT-3 Apply

4 For the system of forces shown in the figure, determine the magnitude of P
and Q such that the resultant of the system passes through A and B.

BT-5 Evaluate
5 For the figure shown in figure. Find (i) Find the resultant of the system. (ii)
Find the points of the intersection of its line line of action with AC and CD.
(iii) The 27 N-cm couple applied at C is removed and replaced by a couple
of unknown Magnitude M. determine the value of M if the resultant force is
to pass through C.

BT-4 Analyze

6 Blocks A and B of the weight 200 N and 100 N respectively, rest on a 30°
inclined plane and are attached to the post which is held perpendicular to the
plane by a force P, parallel to the plane as shown in the figure. Assume that
all surfaces are smooth and that the cords are parallel to the plane. Determine
the value of P. Also find the normal reaction of the blocks A and B.

BT-2 Understanding
7 A uniform meter rod AB, assumed rigid of the mass 0.5 kg is
suspended from its ends in an inclined position and a mass of 1 kg is
suspended from a point D, as shown in the figure. Determine the tension in
each strings. Where the suspended mass should be placed in order to get
BT-3 Apply
equal tension in the strings.

8 Find the support reactions of the beam as shown in the figure.

BT-5 Evaluate

9 A beam AB of span 10 m span is loaded as shown in the figure. Determine

the reactions at A and B.

BT-2 Understanding
11 A bent up beam ABC is shown in the figure. It is hinged at A and supported
on rollers at C. If there is an uniform wind pressure of 2 kN/m on the vertical
side AB and a central point load of 16 kN at middle of BC, calculate the.
reactions offered by the supports

BT-3 Apply

12 Calculate the reactions R1, R2 and R3 for the beams AB and CD supported
as shown in the figure. There being a hinge connecting B and C.

BT-3 Apply

13 A beam AB is simply supported and carries loads as shown in the figure.

BT-4 Analyze
Calculate the reactions at A and B.
14 Three forces and a couple M acting on an angled bracket is shown in the figure.
Find the moment of the couple if the line of action of the resultant force is to pass
through (i) point A (ii) point C.

BT-6 Create
15 ABCD is a square and E is the middle point of AB. Forces of 7,8,12,5,9 and 6 N
act a point in the directions AB, EC, BC, BD, CA and De respectively. Find the
magnitude and direction of the single force which will keep the particle at rest.

BT-5 Evaluate

16 Find the reactions at the supports A and B of the beam shown in the figure.
BT-4 Analyze
 UNIT II – SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING
MOMENT, SECOND AREA MOMENT PROBLEMS
Analysis of Simple Truss, Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams, C.G. and M.I of Plane
areas.

PART - A (2Marks)
S.N QUEST LEVE COMPETENCE
o IONS L
1. Define centroid and centre of gravity. BT-1 Remembering

2. State parallel axis theorem. BT-1 Remembering

3. Define principal axes. BT-1 Remembering

4. Find the polar moment of inertia of a hollow circular section of BT-3 Apply
external diameter ‘D’ and internal diameter ‘d’
5. Locate the centroid and solve the moment of inertia about BT-2 Understanding
centroidal axes of a semicircular lamina of radius ‘r’
6. A semicircular area having radius of 100 mm is located in the XY BT-2 Understanding
plane such that its diameter coincides with the Y-axis. Determine
the X-coordinate of the center.
7. Define product of inertia. BT-1 Remembering

8. Define polar moment of inertia. BT-1 Remembering

9. Differentiate Centroid and centre of gravity BT-2 Understanding

10. Discuss about the expression for finding mass moment of BT-2 Understanding
inertia of a cylinder of radius ‘R’ and height ‘h’ about its base.

11. State the Pappus guildinus area theorem BT-1 Remembering

12. State the Pappus guildinus volume theorem BT-5 Evaluate

13. Discuss about the Polar moment of Inertia and state its significant. BT-3 Apply

14. Compare and contrast the Area moment of Inertia with mass BT-2 Understanding
moment of inertia.

15. Define Radius of gyration BT-1 Remembering

16 Classify beams based on the supports. BT1- Remembering

1
17 Name the various types of loading. BT1 Remembering

18 Define shear force and bending moment. BT-1 Remembering

19 When the bending moment will be maximu? BT-1 Remembering

20 List out the various types of supports. BT-1 Remembering

21 Describe the term “Point of contraflexure”. BT-1 Remembering

22 Differentiate sagging and hogging bending moment. BT-2 Understanding

23 Estimate the shear force and bending moment at a section 2 m BT-2 Understanding
from the free end A of a cantilever beam of 3 m long carries a
load of 20 KN at its free end.
24 A fixed beam 3 m long carries a load of 40 KN at its mid span. BT-2 Understanding
Calculate the shear force and bending moment at the midsection.
25 Differentiate UDL with UVL with respect to bending moment BT-2 Understanding
diagram.
26 Determine MI of an isosceles triangle with base 150mm and sides BT-4 Analyze
of 125mm about its base.

27 State the relationship between the second moment of area and mass BT-4 Analyze
moment of inertia of a uniform plate.
PART - B (13 Marks)
S.N QUESTIONS LEVEL COMPETENCE
o
1 Find the moment of inertia of shaded area as shown in figure about Ixx
axis and Iyy axis.

BT-5 Evaluate

2 Determine the moment of inertia of the shaded area as shown in figure

with respect to the x axis
 BT-5 Evaluate

3 A solid hemisphere of density 2ρ is attached centrally to a solid cylinder

of density ρ. Find the height of the cylindrical portion to have the CG of
BT-5 Evaluate
the solid combination on the axis of symmetry at the junction between the
hemisphere and the cylinder. Take the cylinder diameter as 100mm.
4 Locate the centroid of the area shown in figure below. The dimensions are
in mm.

BT-4 Analyze

5 Determine the co-ordinates of centroid of the shaded area shown in figure.

BT-5 Evaluate

6 A Cylinder of height of 10 cm and radius of base 4 cm is placed under

sphere of radius 4 cm such that they have a common vertical axis. If both
BT-2 Understanding
of them are made of the same material, find the centre of gravity of the
combined unit.
7 Find the moment of inertia of the section shown in the figure about the
centroidal axes.
 BT-3 Apply

8 Find the mass moment of inertia of the plate shown in fig with respect to
the axis AB. Thickness of the plate is 5mm and density of the material is
6500kg/m3.

BT-4 Analyze

9 Derive the expression for mass moment of inertia of prism along three
BT-3 Apply
axes.
10 Calculate Moment of Inertia about the co-ordinate axes of plane area
shown in fig. Also find Polar Moment of Inertia. All the dimensions are in
'mm'.

BT-2 Understanding
11 Determine the principal moments of inertia and find location of principal
axes of surface shown in figure

BT-5 Evaluate

12 Determine the Moment of Inertia and radius of gyration of surface about x (BT4) Analyze
axis shown in fig. Also find MOIabout centroidal x axis.
13 Illustrate the Mass moment of inertia of plane area about centroidal axes
shown in fig.

BT-5 Evaluate

14 Explain second moment of area about the centroidal XX axis and a-a axis (BT4) Analyze
of the surface shown in fig

15 A simply supported beam of span 6 m is carrying a uniformly distributed (BT4) Analyze

load of 2 kN/m over the entire span. Calculate the magnitude of shear
force and bending moment at every section, 2 m from the left support.
Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the beam.

16 A cantilever 1.5 m long is loaded with a uniformly distributed load (BT4) Analyze
of 2 kN/m run over a length of 1.25 m from the free end. It also carries a
point load of 3 kN at a distance of 0.25 m from the free end. Draw
the shear force and bending moment diagrams of the cantilever.
17 (a) Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the beam (BT4) Analyze
ofspan 10 m long shown in figure.
Determine the maximum bending moment and locate the point of
(a) contra flexure for the given beam.
18 A Simply supported beam is carrying loads as shown in fig. draw the (BT4) Analyze
shearforce and bending moment diagrams for the beam.

19 A beam of length 10 m is simply supported at its ends carries two (BT4) Analyze
concentrated loads of 5 kN each at a distance of 3 m and 7 m from the left
support and also a uniformly distributed load of 1 kN/m between the point
loads.
i) Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams.
Calculate the maximum bending moment
20 A cantilever of length 6 m carries two point loads of 2 kN and 3 kN at a (BT4) Analyze
distance of 1 m and 6 m from the fixed end respectively. In addition to this
the beam also carries a uniformly distributed load of 1 kN/m over a length of
2 m at a distance of 3 m from the fixed end. Draw the shear force and
bending moment diagrams.
21 A simply supported beam of length 5 m carries a uniformly varying load (BT4) Analyze
of 800 N/m run at one end to zero at other end. Draw the shear force and
bending moment diagrams for the beam. Also calculate the position and
magnitude of maximum bending moment

22 Draw the shear force and bending moment diagram of the beam loaded as
shown in fig. Determine the point of contraflexure if any.

PART-C (15 Marks)

1 Find the moment of inertia of the section shown below. BT-5 Evaluate

2 Calculate the principal moments of inertia of the section shown in the

figure.

BT-4 Analyze

3 Calculate the mass moment of inertia of the frustum of cone shown in the
figure about the AB and ZZ axes. Assume the density is 2500 kg/m3

BT-6 Create

4 For the section shown in the figure. Determine the moment of inertia values BT-5 Evaluate
about the (1) – (1) and (2) – (2) axes
 5 For the simply supported beam loaded as shown in Fig. , draw the shear (BT5) Evaluate
force diagram and bending moment diagram. Also, obtain the maximum
bending moment

6 A beam AB of length 7 m is simply supported at two supports 5 m distance (BT5) Evaluate

apart with an overhang of 2 m on right side of the beam. The beam carries
a UVL of 6 kN/m at left end to zero kN/m at right end of SSB and point
load of 4 kN at the right end of overhang part. Draw the SFD and
BMD. Also locate the maximum bending moment.

UNIT I STRESS STRAIN DEFORMATION OF SOLIDS

Simple stress and Strain, Mechanical Properties of Materials, Statically Determinate Problems and Elastic
Constants, Tension, Compression, and Shear, Elasticity, Plasticity and Creep, Hooke’s Law. Allowable stresses.

PART-A(2 MARKS)
Q.No Questi BT Competence
ons Level
1 Describe Hooke’s Law with a graph. (BT1) Remembering
2 List various Elastic Constants. (BT1) Remembering
3 Define Poisson’s Ratio. (BT1) Remembering
4 Differentiate between rigid and deformable bodies. (BT2) Understanding
5 Show the relation between modulus of elasticity and modulus of rigidity. (BT2) Understanding
6 Evaluate the load carried by a bar if the axial stress is 10 N/mm2 and the (BT2) Understanding
diameter of bar is 10 mm.
 7 A circular rod 2 m long and 15 mm diameter is subjected to an axial tensile (BT2) Understanding
loadof 30 kN. Calculate the elongation of the rod if the modulus of elasticity
of the material of the rod is 120 kN/mm2.
8 Express Young’s modulus in terms of Bulk and Rigidity modulus. (BT2) Understanding
9 Define factor of safety. (BT1) Remembering
10 Differentiate tensile stress from compressive stress. (BT2) Understanding
11 State the principle of super position. (BT2) Understanding
12 Compare longitudinal and lateral strain. (BT2) Understanding
13 Deduce the two equations used to find the forces in compound bars made of (BT1) Remembering
two materials subjected to tension.

14 Calculate the total elongation when a bar of varying cross–section consists (BT2) Understanding
of two sections of lengths L1 and L2 with cross sections A1 and A2. It is
subjectedto an axial pull F.
15 Compare compound bar and simple bar. (BT2) Understanding
Q.No PART B (13 MARKS) BT Competence
Level
1 (a) Draw stress strain curve for mild steel and explain about the silent points (BT4) Analyze
(7)
(b) Derive a relation for change in length of a uniformly varying circular (BT2) Understanding
bar subjected to axial load. (6)

2 (a) A bar of varying cross section consists of two sections of length 700 (BT3) Apply
mmand 900 mm with cross sections 400 mm2 and 625 mm2 respectively. it is
subjected to an axial pull of 100 kN. Take E = 200 kN/ mm 2. Find the
total elongation.
(b) A rod 3 m long is initially at a temperature of 15o C and it is raised to 90o (BT3) Apply
C.
Find the expansion of the rod and if the expansion is prevented, find the
stressin the material. Take E = 2*105 N/mm2; α = 12*10-6 /oC.
3 A reinforced concrete column 500 mm × 500 mm in a section is reinforced (BT4) Analyze
with 4 steel bars of 25 mm diameter; one in each corner, the column is
carrying a load of 1000 kN. Find the stress in the concrete and steel bars.
Take E for steel = 210×103 N/mm2 and E for concrete = 14×103 N/mm2.
4 (a) A bar of 30 mm diameter is subjected to a pull of 60 kN. The (BT4) Analyze
measuredextension of gauge length of 200 mm is 0.1 mm and change in
diameter is 0.004 mm. calculate young’s modulus, shear modulus and
Poisson ratio. (7)
 (b) Derive the relationship between modulus of elasticity and Bulk (BT3) Apply
modulus.(6)
5 Two vertical rods one of steel and the other of copper are each rigidly fixed (BT4) Analyze
at
the top and 50 cm apart. Diameters and lengths of each rod are 2 cm and 4 m
respectively. A cross bar fixed to the rods at the lower ends carries a load of
5000 N such that the cross bar remains horizontal even after loading. Find
the stress in each rod and the position of the load on the
bar. Take E for steel = 2 x 105 N/mm2 and E for copper = 1x 105 N/mm2.
6 A steel rod of 30 mm diameter passes centrally through a copper tube of 60 (BT3) Apply
mm external diameter and 50 mm internal diameter. The tube is closed at each
end by rigid plates of negligible thickness. The nuts are tightened lightly home
on the projecting parts of the rod. If the temperature of the assembly is raised
by 60˚C, calculate the stress developed in copper and steel. Take E for steel
and copper as 200 GN/ m2 and 100 GN/m2 and α for steel and
copper as 12 x 10-6 per ˚C and 18 x 10-6 per ˚C.

7 A mild steel rod of 25 mm internal diameter and 400 mm long is enclosed (BT4) Analyze
centrally inside a hollow copper tube of external diameter 35 mm and
internal diameter of 30 mm. The ends of the tube and rods are brazed
together and the composite bar is subjected to an axial pull of 50 kN. If E for
steel and copper is 200 GN/m2 and 100 GN/m2 respectively, find the stresses
developed in the rod and tube.
8 (a) Find the young’s modulus of a rod of diameter 30 mm and of (BT3) Apply
length
300 mm which is subjected to a tensile load of 60 kN and the extension of
therod is equal to 0.4 mm. (7)
(b) The ultimate stress for a hollow steel column which carries an axial load (BT4) Analyze
of
2 MN is 500 N/mm2. If the external diameter of the column is 250 mm,
determine the internal diameter. Take the factor of safety as 4.0.
9 The bar shown in fig. is subjected to a tensile load of 160 KN. If the stress (BT3) Apply
in
the middle portion is limited to 150 N/mm2, determine the diameter of the
middle portion. Find also the length of the middle portion if the total
elongationof the bar is to be 0.2 mm. Young’s modulus is given as
equal to2.1 x 105 N/mm2.
 10 A member ABCD is subjected to point loads P1, P2, P3, P4 as shown in (BT4) Analyze
fig.
calculate the force P2 necessary for equilibrium, if P1 = 45 kN, P3 = 450 kN
andP4 = 139 kN. Determine the total elongation of the member, assuming the
modulus of elasticity to be 2.1 x 105 N/mm2.

11 A cast iron flat 300 mm long and 30 mm (thickness) × 60 mm (width) (BT3) Apply
uniform cross section, is acted upon by the following forces : 30 kN tensile in
the direction of the length 360 kN compression in the direction of the width
240 kN tensile in the direction of the thickness.
Calculate
(i) The direct strain,
(ii) Net strain in each direction and
(iii) Change in volume of the flat.
Assume the modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio for cast iron as 140
kN/mm2 and 0.25 respectively.
UNIT IV BEAM BENDING AND TORSION
Axially loaded members, Statically indeterminate structures, Thermal effects, misfits, and Prestrains.

Torsion of circular bar, Transmission of power by circular shafts. Stresses in beams, Pure bending and

Non-uniform bending, Design of beams for bending stresses, Shear stresses in beams of rectangular cross section..

PART-A(2 MARKS)
Q. Questio BT Competence
No ns Level
1 Describe the theory of simple bending. (BT2) Understanding
2 Define flitched beam. (BT1) Remembering
3 Illustrate the shear stress distribution in a solid circular section. (BT3) Apply
4 Calculate the moment of resistance of a beam subjected to a bending stress of (BT3) Apply
5 N/mm2 and section modulus is 3500 cm3.
 5 Compare overhanging beam with continuous beam. (BT2) Understanding
6 What is the maximum bending moment in a simply supported beam of span (BT2) Understanding
‘L’ meters subjected to UDL of ‘w’ KN/m over entire span.
7 Compare the bending stress distribution and shear stress distribution for a (BT2) Understanding
beam of rectangular cross section.
8 Formulate the mathematical form of bending moment theory. (BT2) Understanding
9 Summarize the assumptions in the theory of simple bending. (BT2) Understanding
10 Define torsional rigidity of the solid circular shaft. (BT1) Remembering
11 When are hollow circular shafts more suitable than solid circular shafts? (BT1) Remembering
12 Describe the term polar modulus. (BT1) Remembering
13 Define torsion. (BT1) Remembering
14 Evaluate the torque which a shaft of 50 mm diameter can transmit safely, if (BT5) Evaluate
the
allowable shear stress is 75 N/mm2.
15 Quote the expressions for polar modulus of solid and hollow circular shaft. (BT1) Remembering
16 Summarize the assumptions made in torsional equation. (BT2) Understanding
17 Give the expression for the angle of twist for a hollow circular shaft with (BT2) Understanding
external diameter D, internal diameter, length l and rigidity modulus G.
18 Calculate the minimum diameter of shaft required to transmit a torque of (BT3) Apply
29820 Nm if the maximum shear stress is not to exceed 45 N/mm2.
Q. PART-B(13 MARKS) BT Competence
No Level

1 The internal and external diameter of a hollow shaft is in the ratio of 2:3. The (BT4) Analyze
hollow shaft is to transmit a 400 kW power at 120 rpm. The maximum
expected torque is 15% greater than the mean value. If the shear stresses not to
exceed 50 MPa, find section of the shaft which would satisfy the shear stress
and twist condition. Take G = 0.85×105MPa.
2 (a) What are the assumptions made in the torque equations? (5) (BT1) Remembering
(b) Derive the expression for power transmitted by a shaft. (8) (BT4) Analyze
3 (a) A steel shaft is to require transmitting 75 kW power at 100 rpm and the (BT3) Apply
maximum twisting moment is 13% greater than the mean. Find the diameter of
the steel shaft if the maximum stress is 70 N/mm2. Also determine the angle of
twist in a length of 3 m of the shaft. Assume the modules of rigidity for steel
as 90 KN/mm2. (7)
 (b) Obtain a relation for the torque and power, a solid shaft can transmit. (6) (BT4) Analyze

4 (a) Find the diameter of the solid shaft to transmit 90 KW at 160 rpm such that (BT4) Analyze
the shear stress is limited to 60 N/mm2. The maximum torque is likely to
exceed the mean torque by 20%. Also find the permissible length of the shaft,
if the twist is not to exceed 1° over the entire length. Take rigidity modulus as
0.8×105N/mm2. (7)
(b) What do you mean by the strength of the shaft? Compare the strength of (BT2) Understanding
solid and hollow circular shafts. (6)

5 (a) Determine the dimensions of a hollow circular shaft with a diameter ratio of (BT4) Analyze
3:4 which is to transmit 60 KW at 200 rpm. The maximum shear stress in the
shaft is limited to 70 GPa and the angle of twist to 3.8° in a length of 4 m.
For the shaft material, the modulus of rigidity is 80 GPa. (7)
(b) Derive the expression for the shear stress produced in a circular solid shaft (BT4) Analyze
subjected to torsion. (6)

6 (a) Calculate the power that can be transmitted at 300 rpm by a hollow steel (BT4) Analyze
shaft of 75 mm external diameter and 50 mm internal diameter when the
permissible shear stress for the steel is 70 N/mm2 and the maximum torque
is1.3 times the mean. Compare the strength of this hollow shaft with that of a
solid shaft. The material, weight and length of both the shafts are same. (7)
(b) Derive the expression for angle of twist of two shafts when they are (BT4) Analyze
connected in series. (6)

7 A steel shaft ABCD having a total length of 2400 mm is contributed by three (BT3) Apply
different sections as follows. The portion AB is hollow having outside and
inside diameters 80 mm and 50 mm respectively, BC is solid and 80 mm
diameter. CD is also solid and 70 mm diameter. If the angle of twist is
samefor each section, determine the length of each portion and the total angle
of twist. Maximum permissible shear stress is 50 Mpa and shear
modulusas 0.82 x 105 MPa
8 A timber beam of rectangular section is to support a load of 20 KN uniformly (BT4) Analyze
distributed over a span of 3.6 m, when the beam is simply supported. If the
depth of the section is to be twice the breadth and the stress in the timber is not
to exceed 7 N/mm2, find the breadth and depth of the cross section. How will
you modify the cross section of the beam, if it carries a concentrated load of 30
kN placed at the mid- span with same ratio of breadth to depth?
9 (a) State the assumptions made in theory of simple bending equation. (5) (BT1) Remembering

(b) A beam 150 mm wide and 300 mm deep is simply supported over a (BT4) Analyze
span of 6 m. Find the maximum UDL the beam can carry if the bending
stress is not exceed 8 N/mm2. (8)
10 A cross section of a beam in the form of a triangle with base 200 mm and depth (BT4) Analyze
300 mm. If the shear stress on the beam is 60 kN study the distribution
determine the maximum shear stress.
11 A rectangular beam 300 mm deep is simply supported over a span of 4 meters. (BT5) Evaluate
Determine the uniformly distributed load per meter which the beam may carry,
if the bending stress should not exceed 120 N/mm2. Take I = 8 x 106 mm4.
12 A cast iron beam is of I-section as shown in Fig. The beam is supported on a (BT4) Analyze
span of 5 meters. If the tensile stress is not to exceed 20 N/ mm2, find the safe
uniformly load which the beam can carry. Find also the maximum compressive
stress.
PART-C

Q. Questions BT Competence
No Level
1 A T-section of a simply supported beam has the width of flange 100 mm, over all (BT5) Evaluate
depth = 100 mm, thickness of flange and stem = 20 mm. Determine the maximum
stress in beam when the bending moment of 12 kN-m is acting on the section. For
the above T -section calculate the shear stress at neutral axis and at the junction of
web and flange when shear force of 50 kN acting on beam.
2 A simply supported beam of span 4 m carries an UDL of 6 kN/m over the (BT5) Evaluate
entire span. If the maximum allowable stress due to bending is restricted to 150
N/mm2, determine the cross sectional dimensions if the section is;
(i) Rectangular with depth twice the breadth
(ii) Solid circular section
(iii) Hollow circular section having a diameter ratio of 0.6
3 A hollow shaft with diameter ratio 3/5 is required to transmit 450 KW at (BT5) Evaluate
120 rpm. The shearing stress in the shaft must not exceed 60 N/mm2 and the
twist in a length of 2.5 m is not to exceed 1°. Calculate the maximum external
diameter of the shaft. C= 80 kN/mm2.
4 A solid shaft is to transmit 300 kW at 100 rpm if the shear stress is not to (BT5) Evaluate
exceed 80 N/mm2. Find diameter of the shaft. If this shaft was to be replaced
by hollow shaft of same material and length with an internal diameter of
0.6 times the external diameter. What percentage saving in weight is possible?
UNIT V STRESS TRANSFORMATION, DEFLECTION OF
BEAM AND BUCKLING OF COLUMN
Plane stress, Principal stresses, Mohr’s circle and Hooke’s law for plane stresses. Spherical and Cylindrical pressure
vessels. Deflection of beams, Column buckling.

PART-A(2 MARKS)
Q. Questi BT Competence
No ons Level
1 A cylindrical pipe of diameter 1.5 m and thickness 1.5 cm is subjected to (BT Understanding
an 2)
internal fluid pressure of 1.2 N/mm2. Calculate the longitudinal stress
developedin the pipe.
2 Estimate the thickness of the pipe due to an internal pressure of 10 N/mm2 if (BT Understanding
the 2)
permissible stress is 120 N/mm2. The diameter of pipe is 750 mm.
3 Define circumferential stress. (BT Remembering
1)
4 A spherical shell of 1 m diameter is subjected to an internal pressure 0.5 (BT Understanding
N/mm2. 2)
Discover the thickness of the shell, if the allowable stress in the material of
theshell is 75 N/mm2.
5 Define longitudinal stress. (BT Remembering
1)
6 Write the expression for longitudinal stress in a thin cylinder subjected to a (BT Remembering
1)
uniform internal fluid pressure.
7 A cylinder of diameter 1.3 m and thickness 12 mm is subjected to an (BT Remembering
internal 1)
pressure of 1 N/mm2. Identify the type of cylinder.
8 Where the hoop stresses and longitudinal stresses are acting in a thin (BT Remembering
cylindrical 1)
shell?
9 Name the various methods of reducing the hoop stresses. (BT Remembering
1)
10 Formulate the mathematical expressions of Lame’s theorem. (BT Remembering
1)
11 Formulate an expression for the longitudinal stress in a thin cylinder subjected to (BT Remembering
a 1)
uniform internal fluid pressure.
12 When will the longitudinal stress in a thin cylinder be zero? (BT Remembering
1)
13 Mention the relationship between longitudinal stress and circumferential stress. (BT Understanding
2)
14 Compare the cylindrical shell and spherical shell. (BT Understanding
2)
15 Differentiate the thick cylinder from thin cylinder. (BT Understanding
2)
16 List out the formulae for finding change in diameter, change in length and (BT Remembering
change 1)
in volume of a thin cylindrical shell subjected to internal fluid pressure?
17 List the important methods used to find slope and deflection. (BT1) Remembering
18 Where does the maximum deflection occur in cantilever beam? (BT1) Remembering
19 Where does the maximum deflection occur for simply supported beam loaded (BT1) Remember
symmetrically about mid-point and having same cross- section through their
length?
20 Calculate the stored stain energy if tensile load = 30 kN; length = 1 m; width = (BT2) Understanding
25 mm; thickness = 20 mm.. Take E = 200 GPa.
21 Classify the types of loading on a body. (BT3) Apply
22 Define modulus of resilience. (BT1) Remembering
23 List the advantages of Macaulay’s method. (BT2) Understanding
24 Define proof resilience. (BT1) Remembering
25 Give the disadvantage of double integration method. (BT2) Understanding
26 Define conjugate beam method. (BT1) Remembering
27 Define strain energy. (BT1) Remembering
28 Express the units of slope and deflection. (BT2) Understanding
29 Express the value of slope at the free end of a cantilever beam of constant EI. (BT2) Understanding
30 Write the expression for stress induced in a body when impact load is applied. (BT1) Remember
31 Calculate the maximum deflection of a simply supported beam carrying a point (BT2) Understanding
2
load of 100 kN at mid span. Span = 6 m, E= 20000 kN/m .
32 Modify the cantilever beam with a point load at free end into conjugate beam. (BT2) Understanding
33 Compare the moment area method with conjugate beam method for finding the (BT2) Understanding
deflection of a simply supported beam with UDL over the entire span.
34 Define Mohr’s first theorem. (BT1) Remembering
35 Analyze the strain energy method. (BT1) Remembering
36 A cantilever beam of spring 2 m is carrying a point load of 20 kN at its free (BT2) Understanding
end. Measure the slope at the free end. Assume EI = 12 x 103 kN-m2.
37 Define principal planes and principal stresses. (BT1) Remembering
38 Along which planes does greatest shear stress occur? (BT1) Remembering

39 Quote the expression for stresses on an inclined plane when it is subjected to an (BT2) Understanding
axial pull.
40 Write the expressions for the stresses acting on two mutually perpendicular (BT1) Remembering
planes to find the major and minor principal stresses.
1. What are the types of column failure? BT-1 Remembering
2. What are the assumptions made in the Euler’sEquations? BT-1 Remembering
 Remembering
3. Write the limitations of Euler’s Formula. BT-1
4. Define buckling load and safe load BT-1 Remembering
5. Give the parameters influencing buckling load of a long column. BT-1 Remembering

6. What are the assumptions made in Lame’s Theory BT-1 Remembering

7. Distinguish between thick and thin cylinder. BT-2 Understanding

8. Define slenderness ratio. BT-2 Understanding

Differentiate between eccentrically loaded column and axially loaded column.

9. BT-2 Understanding
10. Explain middle third rule. BT-2 Understanding

11. What are the classification of columns based on end conditions? BT-1 Remembering
12. What is known as crippling load? BT-3 Applying
13. Define column and strut BT-3 Applying
14. What are the advantages of compound cylinders? BT-4 Analyzing

15. Differentiate Rankine method and Euler’s method. BT-2 Understanding

16. Differentiate short and long column. BT-2 Understanding

17. How many types of stresses are developed in thick cylinders? BT-1 Remembering
18. How columns are classified depending upon slenderness ratio. BT-1 Remembering
Q. PART-B (13 MARKS) BT Competence
No Level
1 A beam AB of length 8 m is simply supported at its ends and carries two point (BT4) Analyze
loads of 50 kN and 40 kN at a distance of 2 m and 5 m respectively from left
support A. Determine, deflection under each load, maximum deflection and
the position at which maximum deflection
occurs. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 and I = 8.5 X106 mm4.

2 Explain the Macaulay’s method for finding the slope and deflection of (BT4) Analyze
beams with example.
3 (a) A beam is simply supported at its ends over a span of 10 m and (BT4) Analyze
carries two concentrated loads of 100 kN and 60 kN at a distance of 2 m and 5
m respectively from the left support. Calculate (i) slope at the left support (ii)
slope and deflection under the 100 kN loads.
Assume EI = 36 x 104 kN-m2.

(b) Explain the moment area method for finding the deflection and slope (BT3) Apply
of beams with example. (6)
4 (a) Explain the conjugate beam method for finding the deflection of (BT3) Apply
beams with example. (6)
(b) A horizontal beam is freely supported at its ends 8 m apart and (BT4) Analyze
carries a UDL of 15 kN/m over the entire span. Find the maximum
deflection. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 and I = 2 x 109 mm4. (7)

5 Explain double integration method for finding deflection of beams with (BT3) Apply
example.
6 A cantilever beam with a span of 3 m carries a point load of 30 kN at a (BT4) Analyze
distance of 2 m from the fixed end. Determine the slope and deflectionat the
free end and at the point where load is applied. Take M.O.I of the section =
11924 cm4 and E = 200 GN/m2.

7 At a certain point in a strained material, the stresses on two planes, at right (BT3) Apply
angles to each other are 20 N/mm2 and 10 N/mm2 both tensile. They are
accompanied by a shear stress of a magnitude of 10 N/mm2. Find graphically or
otherwise, the location of principal planes and evaluate the principal stresses.
8 An elemental cube is subjected to tensile stresses of 30 N/mm2and (BT4) Analyze
10 N/mm2acting on two mutually perpendicular planes and a shear stress of
10 N/mm2 on these planes. Draw the Mohr's circle of stresses and hence or
otherwise determine the magnitudes and directions of principal stresses and
also the greatest shear stress.
9 Two plans AB and AC which are right angles carry shear stress of intensity (BT4) Analyze
17.5 N/mm2 while these planes also carry a tensile stress of 70N/mm2 and a
compressive stress of 35 N/mm2 respectively. Determine the following
(i) Principal planes.
(ii) Principal stresses.
(iii) Maximum shear stress and planes on which it acts.
10 Derive the relation for Euler’s crippling load for a column with both BT-4 Analyzing
Ends hinged.
11 Derive the relation for Euler’s crippling load for a column with both ends fixed. BT-4 Analyzing

12 Describe the relation for the Euler's crippling load for a column with BT-4 Analyzing
one end fixed and other end hinged along with the assumptions.
13 State the Euler's assumption in column theory. And derive a relation for the Euler's BT-4 Analyzing
crippling load for a column with both ends fixed.
14 A bar of length 4m when used as a SSB and subjected to UDL of 30kN/m over the BT-1 Remembering
whole span, deflects 15mm at the centre. Find the EI value for the above beam and
hence determine the crippling loads when it is used as a column with the following
end conditions
i. Both ends pin-jointed
ii. One end fixed and the otherendhinged
iii. Both ends fixed
15 Identify the Euler’s critical load for a strut of T-section. The flange width is10cm, BT-2 Understanding
over all depth is 80cm, and both the flange & stem are 1cm thick. The strut is 3m
long and is built in at both ends.
Take E= 2x105
N/mm2.
16 A 1.5 m long column has a circular cross-section of 5 cm diameter. One of the BT-2 Understanding
ends of the column is fixed in direction and position and the other end is free.
Taking factor of safety as 3, Report the safe load using.
(i) Rankin’s formula. Take yield stress σc = 560 N/mm2and
α=1/1600 forpinnedends (6)
(ii) Euler’s formula. Take E= 1.2 x105N/mm2. (7)
17 A thin walled steel cylindrical shell of internal diameter 150mm and external BT-2 Understanding
diameter 500mm is subjected to fluid pressure of 100 MPa. Calculate the principal
stress at a point on the inside surface of the cylinder and calculate the increase in
inside diameter due to fluid pressure. Assume E=200 kN/mm2.
18 A mild steel tube 4m long, 3cm internal diameter and 4mm thick is used as a strut BT-3 Applying
with both ends hinged. Find the collapsing load, what will be the crippling load?
i) Both ends are built in
ii) One end is built-in and one end is free.
19 A rectangular strut is 20 cm wide and 15 cm thick. It carries a load of 60 kN at an BT-3 Applying
eccentricity of 2 cm in a plane bisecting the thickness. Find the maximum and
minimum intensities of stress in the section.
20 Identify the ratio of thickness to internal diameter for a tube subjected to internal BT-3 Applying
pressure when the pressure is 5/8 of the value of the maximum permissible
circumferential stress. Find the increase in internal diameter of such a tube 100
mm internal diameter when the internal pressure is 80MN/mm2. Also find the
change in wall thickness. Take E=205GN/m2 and 1/m = 0.29
21. A hollow cylindrical cast iron column whose external diameter is 200 mm and has BT-4 Analyzing
a thickness of 20 mm is 4.5 m long and is fixed at the both ends. Calculate the safe
loadby Rankine’s formulausing a factor of safety of 2.5. Take the crushing
strength of material as 550N/mm2 and Rankine’s constant as 1/1600. Find also the
ratio of Euler’s to Rankine’s load. Take E=150GPa.
22. A load of 75kN is carried by a column made of cast-iron. The external and internal BT-4 Analyzing
diameters are 20cm and 18cm respectively. If the eccentricity of the load is 3.5cm
Find
(i) The maximum and minimum stress intensities
(ii) Upto what eccentricity, there is no tensile stress in column?
i. A thin cylindrical pressure vessel of 500 mm diameter is subjected to an BT-4 Analyzing
23 internal pressure of 2 N/mm2. If the thickness of the vessel is 20mm, find
the hoop stress, longitudinal stress and the maximum shear stress.
ii. Find the thickness for a tube of Internal diameter 100mm subjected to an
internal pressure which is 5/8 of the value of the maximum permissible
circumferential stress, Also find the increase in internal diameter of such
a tube when the internal pressure is 90 N/mm2. Take E = 205kN/mm2
and μ=0.29. Neglect longitudinal strain.
24 Recall and arrive at the kern of a column for the following C/S BT-1 Remembering
a) Rectangular section
b) Square section
c) Circular section
d) Hollow circular section
25 Determine the critical stresses for a series of columns having slenderness ratio of BT-1 Remembering
50, 100, 150 and 200 under the following conditions by Euler’s formula. Take E =
2.1 x 105 N/mm2
a) Both ends hinged
b) Both ends fixed