UNIT 1

INTRODUCTION

1.Useful Expressions: Introduction

Instruction: Listen and repeat the following expressions!
Here are expressions to introduce yourself:
 My name is ...
 I'm ....
 Nice to meet you; I'm ...
 Pleased to meet you; I'm ...
 Let me introduce myself; I'm ...
 I'd like to introduce myself; I'm ...

Here are expressions to introduce others:

 Jack, please meet Nicolas.
 Jack, have you met Nicolas?
 I'd like you to meet Liza.
 I'd like to introduce you to Betty.
 Leila, this is Barbara. Barbara this is Leila.

Useful responses when introducing yourself or other people:

 Nice to meet you.
 Pleased to meet you.
 Happy to meet you.
 How do you do?

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2. Listening: Introduction
Instruction 1: Watch the video and try to repeat the sentences in the second part
of the video.

Conversation 1:
Terry : Chris, is that you?
Chris : Terry, fancy meeting you here, long time no see.
Terry : It has a long time. Who’s your friend?
Chris : This is my wife, Katrina
Terry : I’m pleased to meet you Katrina
Chris : Darling, this is Terry. We played on the same basketball team in
high school
Katrina : Nice to meet you, Terry
Chris : It was nice to see you
Terry : Good to see you too

Conversation 2:
Mike : Hi Don
Don : Hi Mike, Who’s your friend?
Mike : Have you met Tina before?
Don : No, I don’t think so
Mike : Don, this is my friend Tina. Tina this is my colleague, Don
Don : Hello Tina, it’s nice to meet you
Tina : It’s nice to meet you too, Don

Conversation 3:
Elroy : May I introduce myself?
My name is Elroy Jeffson
Woman : Hello, nice to meet you
Elroy : Thanks and nice to meet you too. I sell computers.
If you need a computer, please call me

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 Retrieved from http://www.learning-english-online.net/

3.Speaking: Introducing Someone

Instruction 1: Practice introduction with your friends for the following
situations:
a. at a bus stop waiting for the next bus
b. in a city park
c. on the first day of class right before school begins
d. in a classroom
e. at a friend's house

Instruction 2: Listen to the audio and choose the possible answer that
corresponds to the questions
1. What’s your name? 4. Where does she work?
a. Your name is Nadia a. I work at the library
b. I'm Nancy b. She is a teacher
c. Her name is Nina c. She likes to work
d. His name is Norman d. She works at City Bank
2. Where do you live?
a. I’m from Canada 5. Where are they from?
b. Yes, I live in Canada a. I’m from Kediri
c. I live in Canada b. You are from Mexico
d. You live in Canada c. They are made from wood
3. How's it going? d. They’re from Jakarta
a. Okay 6. How many people are in your
b. I’m going to school family?
c. She’s going to the market a. I have two brothers
d. No problem b. I’m getting married soon
e. You’re welcome c. I love my family

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 d. My mother is a teacher 9. What do you do in your spare
7. Hey, what's new? time?
a. Nothing much a. It’s 09.00 o’clock
b. I’m fine b. I like to exercise
c. My father is reading c. I’m busy
newspaper d. It’s time to go
d. My motorbike is new 10. What does your father do for a
living?
8. What does he do? a. He is a doctor
a. He is from Italy b. He is driving a car
b. He’s doing his homework c. My father is living in a
c. He’s Indonesian small house
d. He’s engineer d. He lives in Hong Kong

Retrieved from http://www.esl-lab.com/

4. Reading : Respect Your Teacher

Pre Reading questions
Instruction (for teacher): Ask the following questions to your students!
1. Who is your parent at school?
2. How should you behave to your teacher?
3. Why must you respect your teacher?

Reading text
Respect Your Teacher
In Islam we must respect our elders in all
situations. We can never behave badly towards
them and must always speak to them in a kind
and gentle manner. Our parents deserve our

4
utmost respect so we must always obey them and look after them. We must never
hurt their feelings or make them feel sad.
Like our parents, teachers have a special place. They give us a very special
gift called knowledge (‘Ilm). This gift brings us closer to Allah and makes us better
people. The best of teachers were the prophets and Muhammad (peace be upon
him) was the last of these great teachers. He taught us about Allah and living our
lives. Even today, we love and respect our Prophet (pbuh) and follow his advice.

Comprehension Questions:
1. Who must we respect?
2. How must we respect elders?
3. Why must we respect our parents?
4. Who was the great teacher?
5. What did Muhammad (pbuh) teach us?
Retrieved from http://www.musalla.org/

Vocabulary
Instruction: Find all words related to respect

B R B O C N G R A N D D A D F
J E V B W S I S T E R C D D A
N S H E N B C U S T A D Z G T
Y P D Y V R R D P J Q Y D R H
Z E R F M O L I S T E N M A E
E C F P W T J D F T C B O N R
L T E A C H E R H Q L P S D T
D F G Z N E T G Y H A K Q M F
E Q V M G R W B K Z S D U A Z
R T D M O T H E R N S M E T P
S P R O P H E T S Q U R A N K

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 Respect Ustadz Listen Sister
Teacher Mosque Obey Class
Mother Elders Qur’an Granddad
Father Brother Prophet Grandma

Instruction: Climb the ladder. Change one letter at time to make a new word.

Feel Lost

5. Grammar : Parts of speech: Noun and Verb

A. Noun (Countable and uncountable)
Countable nouns are easy to recognize. They are things that we can count. For
example: "pen". We can count pens. We can have one, two, three or more pens.
Here are some more countable nouns:
 dog, cat, animal, man, person
 bottle, box, litter
 coin, note, dollar
 cup, plate, fork
 table, chair, suitcase, bag

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Countable nouns can be singular or plural:
 My dog is playing.
 My dogs are hungry.
We can use the indefinite article a/an with countable nouns:
A dog is an animal.
Uncountable nouns are substances, concepts etc that we cannot divide into
separate elements. We cannot "count" them. For example, we cannot count "milk".
We can count "bottles of milk" or "litres of milk", but we cannot count "milk" itself.
Here are some more uncountable nouns:
 music, art, love, happiness
 advice, information, news
 furniture, luggage
 rice, sugar, butter, water
 electricity, gas, power
 money, currency
We usually treat uncountable nouns as singular. We use a singular verb. For
example:
 This news is very important.
 Your luggage looks heavy.
We do not usually use the indefinite article a/an with uncountable nouns. We
cannot say "an information" or "a music". But we can say a "something" of:
 a piece of news
 a bottle of water
 a grain of rice
Here are some more examples of countable and uncountable nouns:
Countable Uncountable
Dollar Money
Song Music
Suitcase Luggage
Table Furniture
Battery Electricity

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Countable Uncountable
Bottle Wine
Report Information
Tip Advice
Journey Travel
Job Work
View Scenery

Practice
Write C for countable Noun, and U for Uncountable noun
Noun C/U Noun C/U
Apple C Sand
Water U Ketchup
Boy Grass
Milk Person
Table Information
Pen News
Flower Bus
Cup Wine
Computer House
Money Teacher
Rain Flour

B. Verb
Verbs are doing words. A verb can express a physical action or a mental action,.
Lots of Verbs Express Physical Actions
Here are some sentences with the verbs highlighted. (These verbs express physical
actions.)
 She sells pegs and lucky heather.
(In this example, the word sells is a verb. It expresses the physical activity to
sell.)

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  The doctor wrote the prescription.
(In this example, the word wrote is a verb. It expresses the physical activity
to write.)
 Alison bought a ticket.
(The word bought is a verb. It expresses the physical activity to buy.)
Verbs Express Mental Actions Too
As we covered at the start, verbs do not necessarily express physical actions like
the ones above. They can express mental actions too:

Example:
 She considers the job done.
(The word considers is a verb. It expresses the mental activity to consider.)
 Peter guessed the right number.
(The word guessed is a verb. It expresses the mental activity to guess.)
 I thought the same thing.
(The word thought is a verb. It expresses the mental activity to think.)

Exercise:
Instruction: Recheck the words in vocabulary section above, and then write ‘N’ if
the word is NOUN, and ‘V’ for VERB

6. Writing: Introduction
Write a paragraph about your personal identity.

Writing Guide
Name :
Nick Name :
Age :
Hobby/ies :
Address :
Parents’ name :
Brother’s name :
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Sister’s name :
NOTE:

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 UNIT 2
TALKING ABOUT FAMILY

1. Useful Expressions: Describing People’s Appearance

Instruction 1: Study the following expression in describing people
Adjective to Describe People
- Height and Build
all/ of average
height/ short
strong/ weak
Big/ medium-sized/ little, small
fat, / thin

- Eyes (colour)
Blue, brown, gray, green

- Hair (and colour)

Long/ medium-length/ short
Straight/ curly/ bald

- General Appearance
Attactive, good-looking, beautiful, pretty, handsome, cute
Unattractive, plain, plain-looking, ugly, homely

- Personality and Behavior

Good/ bad
Polite/ rude, impolite
Friendly, cheerful, pleasant/ unfriendly, unpleasant
Generous, unselfish/ selfish
Outgoing, sociable/ shy, quiet
Intelligent, smart, bright/ dumb, stupid
Kind/ unkind

- Emotional feelings
Happy/sad, unhappy
Great, terrific/awfull, terrible, depressed

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 Calm/angry, furious
Homesick, lonely, embarrassed, proud, frightened

2. Listening : Happy Family

Instruction: Listen to the following song!
I LOVE YOU, YOU LOVE ME

I love you, you love me

We’re all happy family
With a great big hug and a kiss from me to you
Won’t you say you love me too?

I love you, you love me

We’re best friends like friend should be
With a great big hug and a kiss from me to you
Won’t you say you love me too?

1. Notice and underline all the adjectives in the above song!

2. Rewrite the sentences with the adjective in it and change the adjective
using your own adjective!
Example: We’re all happy family
We’re all friendly family

3. Speaking: Talking about Family

Instruction : Listen to the following conversation then repeat and practice with
your pair!
Conversation 1
Do you have siblings?
Adam : Do you have any siblings?
Sam : Yes, I have a younger brother. What about you?
Adam : I have quite a big family with 2 brothers and sisters.
Sam : Wow, a big family… I’d have liked a sister too.
Adam : Yes, my sisters are very nice. They are kind and smart. I feel lucky
to be their brother.
Sam : What a nice thing to say.

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Conversation 2
My Grandparents
Mike : So, you were gone visiting
your grandpa last
weekend?
Annisa : Yup! My grandfather must
be in his late 80’s and he’s
very active.
Mike : Wow, that’s great, what
about your grandma?
Annisa : She’s a very sprightly old
woman too. In fact my grandparents from my mother’s side are very
healthy
Mike : That’s really good to hear. Your folks know how to take care of
themselves.
Annisa : Yeah, our family eats right and exercises. That’s why we’re healthy.

Conversation 3
Proud of Your Family Member

Joanna : Where’s your younger brother these days?

Sam : Well, John got admitted to medical college in New York. He is going to
be a doctor.
Joanna : Really, you must be so proud of him
Sam : Yeah, I am. My old man was a carpenter, and I got into the same
profession, but little Johnny always studied hard. He’s going to bring
credit to the family name.
Joanna : So happy for you Sam!

Conversation 4
She Ain’t My Cousin!
Joanna : Hey John, I met Samantha at the party last night. Is she your sister?
John : Samantha? No, she ain’t my sister. She’s franks daughter. Frank is my
brother. Samantha is my niece.
Joanna : Your niece? But she’s not very young!
John : Yeah, my dad married my mom and he was in his 40s. Frank was
already 18 then. He is my step brother actually.
Joanna : Wow! Families are weird. Aren’t they? A woman older than you is
your niece.

Glossary
Sibling : saudara kandung
Sprightly : penuh energy

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 Folks : orang tua
Bring credit : menambah/ meninkatkangengsi
Elder to or older than : lebih tua dari

Exercises:
Instruction 1: Do the following activity based on the provided instruction!
a. Prepare a piece of paper and a pen or pencil!
b. List all of your family members!
c. Use the adjectives above to describe them! (You can add your own adjective
if you need).
d. Have the conversation with your friends next to you to compare about your
family members with theirs.
e. After a while, change the partner to speak!
f. Do you find some of them are the same and others are different?
g. Discuss it with your friend!

Instruction 2: Let’s Play with Vocabulary!

1. Let’s play
Adjective charades
Materials : Cards with adjectives in each.
Time : 20 minutes
Procedure:
1. Provide some cards (around 50-60 containing adjective in each) and keep
them in hat, box, or bag. Divide the class into teams.
2. A student from the first team draws a slip with an adjective on itand must act
out the adjective for his/her teammates. Set a timelimit. If the team does not
guess it, the other team (or teams) hasa chance to “steal” the answer.
3. Give a point to the team if it guesses correctly in the time limit, orto the team
that steals the answer. Play then passes to the next team. Continue until all
slips have been played or until the time limit is reached.

2. Find 10 adjectives and 6 adverbs in the following box and then provide the
meaning!

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 B A C L E A R L Y B
G E C M E S S Y D E
O X A O P R G C S F
O C M U A D A Z C X
D I A V T B N M H U
L T Z Q I I G T N M
O E I H E Y F I N E
O D N F N D C U T E
K F G S T I N Y L H
I S P O L I T E L Y
N M J P K I N D L Y
G A K O I R O P D F
U R V O F I G H J N
A T T R A C T I V E
N T D S X H C B D B
I D F B C V B W N M
C R E A T I V E L Y
E E K D R T G L H S
L D Q L Y U J L A D
Y S W Y R I G H T V
S P R I G H T L Y P
- Create five sentences using the adjectives or adverbs that you have
found.
3. Reading: Economics
Pre Reading questions
Instruction1: Before reading the text, answer the following questions orally!
o Have you ever gone to the bank?

o Who do you meet in the bank?

o What can you do in the bank?

o Have you ever lend some money to the bank?

Reading Text

15
 A Cheap yet Secure Parking

A businessman walked into a bank in San

Francisco and asked for the loan officer. He told the
officer that he is going to Europe on business for
two weeks and needed to borrow $5,000. The bank
officer explained that the bank needed some kind of
security for such a loan. So the businessman handed
over the keys to a Rolls Royce parked on the street in front of the bank.
Everything checked out, and the bank agreed to accept the car as collateral
for the loan. A bank employee drove the Rolls into the bank's underground
garage and parked it there.
Two weeks later, the businessman returned, repaid the $5,000 with
interest, which came to $15.41. The loan officer said, "We are very happy to
have had your business, and this transaction has worked out very nicely,
but we are a little puzzled. While you were away, we checked you out and
found that you are a multimillionaire. What puzzles us is why would you
bother to borrow $5,000?" The businessman replied, "Where else in San
Francisco can I park my car for two weeks for only 15 bucks?"
(Retrieved from: http://www.teacherjoe.us/Joke41.html)

Comprehension questions
Instruction 1. Answer the following questions based on the above text!
1. Where did the businessman walk?
2. What did the businessman ask?
3. What did the businessman go to Europe for?
4. What did the businessman give the bank for the security of the loan?
5. How long did the businessman go?
6. Where does the businessman live?
7. Did the loan officer happy with the business?
8. How much money did the bank lend?
9. Did the businessman really need the money?

16
 10. How much money did the businessman give the bank as the interest for the
loan?
Words associated with banking
Instruction 3: Here are some more words associated with banking. Find their meaning in
your dictionary!
Words Meaning Words Meaning
Account Lend
Bill (US): Loan
Banknote (GB)
Borrow Manager
Cash Money
Cashier – teller Money
laundering
Check (US); Mortgage
Cheque (GB)
Coins Pay
Credit Save
Credit card Savings
Currency Guard
Customer Teller
Deposit Vault
Interest Withdraw

4. Grammar: Adjective & Adverb

Adjective
Adjectives are words that describe or modify a noun; it can be a person or
thing. They nearly always appear immediately before the noun or noun phrase that
they modify.
Example: - the handsome father
- A cute girl
- An interesting boy
- The happy family
- The genearous parents.

17
Sometimes they appear after the pronoun if the pronoun is indefinite such as:
something, someone, anybody or somebody.
Example: Anyone capable of doing something horrible to someone nice should be
punished.
Exercise:
Instruction: Write down a synonym for each of the words on the left. Choose from the ones
on the right. Number 1 has been done for you.
No. Adjectives Synonyms
1. Glad = ...............(happy) Clever
2. nice = ................................ Peculiar
3. wonderful = .............................. Huge
4. awful = ................................. Simple
5. strange =................................. Hopeful
6. very big =............................... Marvelous
7. optimistic = .................................. terrible
8. funny =................................... Good Looking
9. handsome =.................................. Pleasant
10. dull =...................................... Rude
11. impolite =............................... Inexpensive
12. intelligent =............................. Boring
13. quiet = ............................ Amusing
14. easy =................................ Happy
15. cheap = ............................. Silent

(taken from English for Islamic Studies, Book 1, Page 4)

Adverb
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb,
determiner, noun phrase, clause or sentence. Adverbs typically express manner,
place, time, frequency, degree, level of certainty etc.
Example :
- She sang loudly (loudly modifies the verb sang indicating the manner of singing)
- She sang very loudly (very modifies another adverb loudly indicating the
degree of loud)
- We left it here (here, modifies the verb phrase left it, indicating place)
- I worked yesterday (yesterday modifies the verb worked, indicating time)
- You often make mistakes (often modifies the verb phrase make mistakes,
indicating frequency)
- He undoubtedly did it (undoubtedly modifies the verb phrase did it,
indicating level of certainty)

 In English, adverbs of manner are often by adding –lyto adjective.

18
 Example: quiet – quietly smooth -- smoothly

 Some adverbs use the same form for both adjectives and adverbs.
Example: He is a fast runner (fast, adjective)
He can run fast (fast adverb)
 However, many other adverbs are not related to adjectives in this way;
they may be derived from other words or phrases, or may be single
morphemes. Example: here, there, together, yesterday, aboard, very,
almost, etc.
More Exercises
Instruction 1: Use an appropriate adjective in the blank space below. Choose from
the adjectives discussed before. Sometimes more than one adjective will fit.
a. I feel g___________ because I passed the English test.
b. I’m f____________ because someone wrecked my new car.
c. My family and friends live far away. I’m very l__________and h_______.
d. The party was t___________. I had a great time.
e. Some children are f_____________ of the dark.
f. I failed an exam today. I am broke, and my girlfriend doesn’t love me. I feel very
d____________.
g. I spilled coffee on Mrs. Bakers dress. I was very e______________.
h. I feel g_________ today. I will give you twenty dollars.
i. I feel s__________ because I stayed up until three in the morning.
j. Parents want to be p____________ of their children.
Instruction 2. Fill in the charts with the correct adjective and adverb!
No. Adjective Adverb
1. Happy Happily
2. Beautiful
3. Angrily
4. Kind
5. Brilliant
7. Nicely
8. Good
9. Hard
10. Patient
11.
12.
13.

19
 14.
15.

Instruction 3: Find the adjective in the first sentence and fill the blanks with the
adverb! Number one has been done for you as the example.
1. My mother is happy. She smiles happily.
2. My brother’s kite is high. It flies………..
3. My sister’s voice is loud. She can shout ……………..
4. His father’s English is fluent. He speaks English ………….
5. Our Mum is angry. She speaks to us ………….
6. My grandmother is a careful driver. She drives……………….
Form

Adjective Adverb
We are happy family My father congratulates me happily/
Subject + be + adjective (+ noun) happily, my father congratulates me.
Subject + verb + object + adverb/ adverb +
verb + object + Subject

5. Writing: My Ideal Family

Instruction: Write a paragraph about an ideal father, mother, son, daughter,
or any other family member should be. Use the adjectives and the adverbs you
have studied in this UNIT.

20
 (taken from Beatrice Mikulecky, Reading Power, page 3)

..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................

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NOTE:

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 UNIT 3
DAILY ACTIVITY

1.Useful Expressions: Daily Activities

a. Instruction: Pay attention to the words below before listening section
Get up : bangun tidur
Wake up : terjaga
Take ritual ablution : wudlu
Take a bath/shower : mandi
Brush the teeth : menggosok gigi
Wear : mengenakan (baju, sepatu, rok, celana)
Tidy up : merapikan
Cook : memasak
Have breakfast/lunch/dinner : makanpagi/siang/malam
Wash : mencuci
Dry : menjemur/mengeringkan
Iron : menyeterika
Go to : pergike…
Wait : menunggu
Get in line : antri
Sit by : duduk di pinggir jalan
Get off : turun
Arrive at : tiba
Take a nap : tidursiang
Listen to : mendengarkan
Watch : menonton
Enjoy : menikmati
Help : membantu
Go home : pulang

23
Go to sleep : tidur
What time is it : jam berapa sekarang?
What’s the time : jam berapa sekarang?
Do you have the time : jam berapa sekarang?
Have you got the time : jam berapa sekarang?
Have you got the right time : jam berapa sekarang?
What time do you make it : jam berapa sekarang?
It is one o’clock : sekarang jam 1
It is midnight : sekarang jam 12 malam/tengah malam
It is midday : sekarang jam 12 siang/tengah hari
It is five past two : jam 2 lebih 5 menit
(minute)….past…(hour) : jam….lebih…..
It is quarter past four : jam 4 lebih 15 menit
It is half past six : jam 6 lebih 30 menit
It is twenty five to three : jam 3 kurang 25
(minute)….to…(hour) : jam….kurang…..
If the number of minutes is not an exact multiple of five (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30,) then
we say "minutes past"
It is twenty one minutes past eight : jam 8 lebih 21 menit
If the number of minutes is not an exact multiple of five (35, 40, 45, 50, 55) then we
say "minutes to" .
It is eleven minutes to seven : jam 7 kurang 11 menit
am : ante meridiem (midnight- midday)
pm : post meridiem (midday-midnight)

24
2. Listening : Telling Time & Daily Activities
Instruction 1: Listen and practice some dialogues below with your friends!
1. A : Could you tell me what time is it, please?
B : It’s 12.00 noon
2. A : Excuse me I forgot my watch today. What time is it?
B : It’s 5.30
3. A : What time is it now?
B : 03.45
4. A : I think I’m late for the train. What time is it?
B : It is 10.02. You just missed it
5. A : Do you know what time is it?
B : It is 8.50

Instruction 2: Listen and repeat to the monologue below about Clare’s daily
activities.

Hi, my name is Clare. My daily routine start at 7 o’clock. I wake my

children up, and get them dressed. We sit down for breakfast together. We
leave the house at 8. We walk to school, I drop them at 8.30, I generally do
some exercise. Then, I have a shower and go to work. Sometimes I come back,
I collect the children from the school. We go for the afternoon activity.
Sometime I go back to work.

25
Exercises
Instruction 1: Listen to the radio announcements. Are these statements true or
false? Check (√) the correct answer.

Statement True False

The news is at 5:04.
The news is at 1:03.
The news is at 2:55
The news is at 6:00.
The news is at 11:17.
a. This is WFMT, Chicago's classical music station at 89.9 FM. Coming up at
…………(1) is national news. But first, let's listen to Beethoven's 4 th piano
concerto....
b. Hey, classic rock fans, you're tuned to WXRT at 103.5 FM on your FM dial.
At ………….(2) we have the news, but taking us up to it, let's listen to a
classic by the Rolling Stones....
c. You are listening to KLCC from Eugene, Oregon. We're speaking with Dr.
Marsha Baker for the next hour. Following the doctor's interview, stay
tuned for news at ……………..(3).
d. This is KOLD, your oldies station with news every hour on the hour. Stay
tuned for our next newscast at ……...(4) Until then, here's a great one by
Bill Haley and the Comets....
e. You're listening to Talk Radio 780 AM. It's ………….(5) - time for news!

Instruction 2: Listen to the monolog twice and fill the missing words below with
the words in the box

goes says asks

brushes tells listens
have doesn’t ask doesn’t have

Billy always ………. to his mother. He always does what she ……….. If his mother
says, “Brush your teeth,” Billy ……….his teeth. If his mother says, “Go to bed,” Billy

26
……….to bed. Billy is a very good boy. A good boy listens to his mother. His mother
doesn’t ……….to ask him again. She ……….him to do something one time, and she
……….………. again. Billy is a good boy. He does what his mother asks the first time.
She ……….………. to ask again. She ……….Billy, “You are my best child.” Of course
Billy is her best child. Billy is her only child.

3. Speaking: Interviewing Someone

Instruction 1: Interview your friends (minimally 5 friends) relate to their
daily activities. Pay attention to the example below

Andi : What do you do at six o’clock in the morning?

Susan : I usually take a bath, then I help my mother in the kitchen and
after that I have breakfast together with my family
Andi : what time do you go to campus?
Susan : at 07.00

Instruction 2: Describe your daily activity in the morning in front of the

classroom using 50-100 words.

4.Reading: History and Development of Arabic

Pre-Reading
1. Have you ever studied Arabic before studying here?
2. Do you use Arabic as your second or foreign language?
3. What is the difficulties in studying Arabic?
4. When do you use Arabic in your daily life?
5. What can we do by mastering Arabic?

A. Read the text below and discuss the content with your
partner/group
History and Development of Arabic
By Professor Samir Abu-Absi

Arabic belongs to the Afro-Asiatic (or Hamito-Semitic) family of languages

that consists of over three hundred languages, some of which are extinct and some

27
used marginally as liturgical languages. Arabic and
Hebrew are the two prime examples of living Semitic
languages while Hausa and various dialects of Berber are
examples of surviving Hamitic languages.
The earliest known example of Arabic is an
inscription found in the Syrian Desert dating back to the
fourth century A.D. The pre-Islamic Arab tribes who lived
in the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring regions had a thriving oral poetic
tradition. But it was not systematically collected and recorded in written form until
the eighth century A.D. This poetic language, probably the result desert of the
fusion of various dialects, came to be regarded as a literary or elevated style which
represented a cultural bond among different tribes.
Prophet Muhammad received his messages from God in Arabic through the
Angel Gabriel over a period of twenty-three years, 610-632 A.D. The Holy Quran,
containing these messages, was originally committed to memory by professional
reciters (hufaz and qura’). With the spread of Islam, different accents for the
pronunciation of the Quran came into use until a standardized version (with
notations for different accents) was completed under the third Caliph, Uthman Ibn
‘Affan, in the mid-seventh century A.D. As more and more non-Arabic speakers
were drawn to Islam, the Quran became the most important bond among Muslims,
Arabs and non-Arabs alike, revered for its content and admired for the beauty of
its language. Arabs, regardless of their religion, and Muslims, regardless of their
ethnic origin, hold the Arabic language in the highest esteem and value it as the
medium of a rich cultural heritage. It is this intimate connection between the
Quran and Arabic which gave the language its special status and contributed to the
Arabization of diverse populations. (adapted from: http://historyofislam.com/)

B. Glossary
Belong to… : miliknya…
Consist of : terdiri atas
Extinct : punah
Marginally : secara garis besar

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Liturgical : yang berkenaan dengan peribadatan secara umum
Prime : utama
Earliest known : yang pertama kali diketahui
Inscription : catatan
Desert : gurun pasir
Dating back : penanggalannya mundur
Tribes : suku bangsa
Peninsula : semenanjung
Neighboring region : daerah yang bertetangga
Thriving : tumbuh subur
Poetic : puitis/berbentuk syair
Fusion : perpaduan
To be regarded : dihargai
Literary : kesusastraan
Elevated style : gaya yang ditinggikan
Cultural bond : budaya yang terikat
Committed : berkomitmen
Accents : logat/aksen
Caliph : kalifah
Were drawn : digambarkan
Revered for : menghormatiatas
Admired : mengagumi
Regardless : tanpa menghiraukan
Esteem : penghargaan
Heritage : warisan
Intimate connection : hubungan yang erat
Diverse : bermacam-macam

C. Answer the questions below and discuss your answer with

your partner/group
1. What does Arabic belong to?

29
2. Where is the earliest known example of Arabic found?
3. Whom did Prophet Muhammad receive his messages from God in Arabic
through?
4. What happened when the reciters read Quran before a standardized version
was completed under the third Caliph
5. What is the synonym of the following words in the text above?
a. Possibly =…………………………
b. Essential =…………………………
c. Assisted =…………………………
6. “… Muslims, Arabs and non-Arabs alike, revered for its content and admired
for the beauty…”(paragraph 3). What does the underlined word refer to?

D. Arrange the sequences below based on the plot in the text

above
 The Quran became the most important bond among Muslims, Arabs and
non-Arabs alike
 With the spread of Islam, different accents for the pronunciation of the
Quran came into use
 Arabic and Hebrew are the two prime examples of living Semitic
languages
 The Holy Quran was originally committed to memory by professional
reciters
 The earliest known example of Arabic is an inscription found in the
Syrian Desert
 The pre-Islamic Arab tribes had a thriving oral poetic tradition
 Arabic belongs to the Afro-Asiatic (or Hamito-Semitic) family

30
5. Grammar: Simple Present
Affirmative
I / You / We / They want/go/take
She / He / It wants/goes/takes
Most verbs add -s for third person she / he / it: want - wants live - lives
Verbs ending -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -o: add -es: passes, washes, relaxes, goes
Negative
I / You / We / They do not (don't) want/go
She / He / It does not (doesn't) relax/take
Questions and short answers
Do I / you / we / they work? Yes. I do. / No. I do not (don't).
Does she / he / it work? Yes, he does. / No, he does not [doesn't).
Use present simple for
• Facts,or things that always happen.
E.g. : Water boils at 100K.
• Routines and habits.
E.g. : The birds return to the island every spring.
• Timetable events.
E.g. : Pie Drama Club meets every Thursday at 7 30
• Plots of films, stories and plays.
E.g. : At the party, Romeo sees Juliet and falls in love with her

A. Complete the sentence with the affirmative form of the verb in brackets.
1. I (drive) drivebut my sister (cycle) ……………….
2. The Sun (rise) ……………….in the east and(set) ……………….in the west,
3. The Prime Minister (travel) ……………….abroad in his own private
airplane.
4. It (cost) ……………….$20 million to be a space tourist for one week in the
5. The teachers at our school (give) ……………….us lots of homework.
6. We (like) ………………. swimming because it's fun and good exercise.

31
B. Complete the sentence with the negative form of the verb in bracket.
Use contractions.
1. You (do) don’t do any of the cooking!
2. My brother (play) ……………….tennis because he (like)
3. I (think) ……………….that's a good idea.
4. Teachers (work) ……………….at weekends.
5. I he government (agree) ……………….with the new KU laws.
6. We (want) ………………. to see that film because it looks boring.

C. Complete the text with the affirmative form of the verbs in brackets.
Emperor penguins a (live) in the Antarctic. The sea (provide) ………………all
their food, so they are good swimmers. They (dive) ……………….under the water and
(hold) ……………….their breath for up to 20 minutes. When the weather is very
cold, the penguins (stand) ………………in a group. This (keep) …………………..them
warm. The Emperor is the only penguin that (breed) …………………..in winter in
Antarctica. Each female (lay) ……………… one egg in May or June.They then (return)
……………… 10 the sea to feed. Each male then (stand) ……………… with an egg on his
lect. His feet (keep) ………………the egg warm. He (sleep) ……………….most of the
time and (eat) ………………….. no food for about 65 days When the egg (hatch)
………………. , the female (come) ……………… back and (find) ……………… her mate.
Now the females (feed) ………………the young penguins. The male (spend)
……………… his time eating. After a few weeks, the male (return) ………………to the
family, and then both parents (look after) ………………the chick.

6. Writing: Family’s Daily Activities

A. Error analysis
Directions: Correct the errors in verb tense usage.
Omar is visiting (visits) his aunt once a week. She's elderly and live alone.
She is thinking Omar a wonderful nephew. She love his visits. He try to be helpful
and considerate in every way. His aunt don't hearing well, so Omar is speaks
loudly and clearly when he's with her.

32
 When he's there, he fix things for her around her apartment and help her
with her shopping. He isn't staying with her overnight. He usually is staying for a
few hours and then is heading back to the city. He kiss his aunt good-bye and give
her a hug before he is leaving. Omar is a very good nephew.

B. Write in a piece of paper about your father’s/mother’s daily

activities using 50-100 words
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34
 UNIT 4
Talking About Weather

1.Useful expression: Weather

Common questions and responses about Weather

What's it like out? It's miserable out.

How's the weather? It's ten below. (-10 degrees)

Do you have rain? We haven't had a drop of rain for weeks.

What's the temperature there? It's 22 degrees Celsius.

It's snowing here, what's it

It's pouring outside. (raining heavily)
doing there?

We couldn't ask for a better day than

Beautiful day, huh?
this.

What's the weather forecast? They're calling for blue skies all week.
One common mistake learners make when talking about the weather is mixing up
the noun, adjective and verb forms of weather words.

Example 1:How's the weather?

It is snow. Incorrect
It is snowing. Correct
It is snowy. Correct

Example 2:What's it like out?

It is rain. Incorrect
It is raining. Correct
It is rainy. Correct

Example 3:What's the weather like?

It is sun. Incorrect
It is sunny. Correct
The sun is shining. Correct

35
2. Listening: Weather Forecast
Instruction 1: Listen to the Weather Forecast, while you are listening, fill the
gap.

Good evening. Here's this weekend's weather forecast for some cities around
the United States. New York City (1) ___________________ this weekend. (2)
___________________will be unusually high for this time of year. Get your t-shirts,
shorts and sun hats out of the closets because you're going to need them until
Sunday. Remember to drink plenty of water and don't stay in the sun for too
long. A cool (3) ___________________ from the Pacific Ocean will hit the San
Francisco area. Weather conditions will be pleasant during the day, but much
colder in the evenings. Dress in layers: t-shirts under a sweater and a jacket in
the evenings will be the best choice if you're going to be out for many hours.
But don't worry, it won't (4) _________________ before Tuesday. If you're in
Chicago and planning to be out doors this weekend, plan again. Heavy (5)
________________will begin by early morning, so make sure you take your
umbrella and raincoat for the next few days.
a. rainstorms
b. will be hot
c. Temperatures
d. breeze
e. rain
(http://baladre.info/english/sedaviwebfront/weatherforecast.htm)

Instruction 2: Listen to the song and sing along

Rain, Rain Go Away
Rain, rain go away
Come again another day
(Daddy/ Mommy/ Brother/ Sister/ Baby/ All the Family)
Wants to play
Rain, rain go away

3. Speaking: Talking about Weather

Instruction 1: study the following statement.

English speakers love to talk about the weather. It is a way of breaking the
ice (starting a conversation). People talk about the weather on the phone and
in person. Friends and family talk about the weather before they discuss
what's new. Co-workers talk about the weather before starting a hard day of
work. Even strangers discuss the weather. Learn the proper vocabulary and

36
 expressions, and you will find it easy to start a conversation anytime and
anywhere with anyone you meet!

Instruction 2: Practice the conversations below.

Dialogue 1:
It's raining cats and dogs today.
Justine knew that there would be a shower today, but she didn't realize it would
rain so heavily....
Stephen: Wow, you look like a drowned rat! Didn't you know there's
a thunderstorm today?
Justine: I knew there would be a shower, but I didn't realize it
would rain cats and dogs today.
Stephen: Well, you'd better take a hot shower right now, or you'll
catch a cold.
Justine: I know. I don't want to get sick, especially during finals
week.
Dialogue 2:
Oh, the heat is unbearable!
It's a very hot day. The heat is so unbearable. To make it worse, the air-
conditioner is broken....
Chris: Oh, the heat is unbearable! Didn't you turn on the air-
conditioner?
Paul: The heat has blown our air-conditioner on the roof!
Chris: What the...! So, what are we going to do?
Paul: We've got to have it fixed as soon as possible. I've called
someone and they're on the way.
Chris: Thank God!
Paul: Here you go. You can use the electric fan here. At least you
can catch a breeze.

4. Reading: Al Ghazali
Pre-Reading questions
Instruction 1: before reading the text, answer the question orally
a. How many great Muslim people do you know?
b. Do you know the Islamic great scholar and sufi mystic?
c. Have you ever heard Al-Ghazali?

Reading Text
Al Ghazali, Islamic Psychology and Mysticism

The pragmatic approach of the Muslim scholars towards mental ailments

continued, and they were the prime movers behind setting up hospitals and clinics
dedicated to research and healing. The great scholar and Sufi mystic, Al-Ghazali
(1058 - 1111CE), wrote the book Ihya, which pointed out that children were
naturally egocentric. His Islamic psychology proposed that children's desires

37
rarely included the potential consequences to others. Al Ghazali also believed that
fear was a learned condition, either taught to children or gained through negative
experiences.
As a Sufi mystic, Al-Ghazali was a firm believer
that introspection and self-analysis were the keys to
understanding mental issues and unlocking hidden
reasons. Very tentatively, one wonders how the influence
of Eastern mysticism affected this particular method of
self-assessment, a technique that Al Ghazali used upon
himself.
He also brought into the history of psychology the
idea of needs, proposing that the human personality had
urges to fulfill certain desires, based upon hunger and
anger. Hunger drove such emotions as sexual urges,
thirst and hunger, whilst anger drove rage, frustration and revenge. This division is
very crude, certainly when compared to relatively modern ideas such as Maslow's
Hierarchy of Needs, but it did provide some guidelines towards categorizing
mental constructs.
(https://explorable.com/islamic-psychology)

Glossary:
1. Mysticism : Tasawuf/ilmukebatinan
2. Pragmatic approach : Pendekatanpragmatis
3. Mental ailment : penyakit mental
4. pointed out : menunjukkan
5. propose : mengemukakan
6. firm believer : orang yang kuatimannya
7. influence : pengaruh
8. fulfill : memenuhi
9. desires : keinginan
10. provide : menyediakan
11. guideline : pedoman
12. mental constructs :membangun mental

Instruction 3: Paraphrase the text about Al-Ghazali above using your own
words.
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38
Vocabulary
Instruction: Do the following puzzle

39
 5. Grammar: Present Continuous

FORM : [am/is/are + present participle]

Examples:
 You are watching TV.
 Are you watching TV?
 You are not watching TV.
USE 1 Now

Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something
is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something
is not happening now.
Examples:
 You are learning English now.
 You are not swimming now.
 Are you sleeping?
 I am sitting.
 I am not standing.
 Is he sitting or standing?
 They are reading their books.
 They are not watching television.
 What are you doing?
 Why aren't you doing your homework?
USE 2 Longer Actions in Progress Now

In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century,
and so on. Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the
process of doing a longer action which is in progress; however, we might not be
doing it at this exact second.
Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)
 I am studying to become a doctor.
 I am not studying to become a dentist.
 I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
 I am not reading any books right now.
 Are you working on any special projects at work?
 Aren't you teaching at the university now?
USE 3 Near Future

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or
will not happen in the near future.
Examples:
 I am meeting some friends after work.
 I am not going to the party tonight.
 Is he visiting his parents next weekend?

40
  Isn't he coming with us tonight?
USE 4 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

The Present Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the
idea that something irritating or shocking often happens. Notice that the meaning
is like Simple Present, but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words
"always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."
Examples:
 She is always coming to class late.
 He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.
 I don't like them because they are always complaining.
REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed Verbs
It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any
continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot
be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Present Continuous with these
verbs, you must use Simple Present.
Examples:
 She is loving this chocolate ice cream. Not Correct
 She loves this chocolate ice cream. Correct

Exercises :
Instruction 1: Put the correct ‘be’
1. Alisha ………………. sleeping on the sofa.
2. Kanako ………………. from Japan.
3. Nabila and you ………………. Studying at the same college.
4. Why ………………. he playing football?
5. Rey and Keyla ………………. Opening a new record shop downtown.
6. ………………. coming over for dinner?
7. I ………………. working at a hair salon until December
8. My brother ………………. learning Arabic.
9. My parents ………………. living in Singapore.
10. ………………. Avika lying down on her bed?

Instruction 2: Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the
appropriate tenses
1. Every Monday, Sally (drive)……………………………… her kids to football practice.
2. Usually, I (work)……………………………….. as a secretary at ABT, but this summer I
(study)……………………. That is why I am in Paris
3. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John (sleep)……………………………….
4. Don't forget to take your umbrella. It (rain)……………………………………….
5. I hate living in Seattle because it (rain, always)………………………………………
6. I'm sorry I can't hear what you (say)……………………………………. because everybody
(talk)……………………. So loudly.

41
 7. Justin (write, currently)…………………………………….. a book about his adventures in
Tibet. I hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished.
8. Jim: Do you want to come over for dinner tonight?
Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I (go)……………………………… to a movie tonight with
some friends.
9. The business cards (be, normally) …………………………………. printed by a company in
New York. Their prices (be)…………………………….. inexpensive, yet the quality of
their work is quite good.
10. This delicious chocolate (be)……………………………….. made by a small chocolatier in
Zurich, Switzerland.

7. Writing: Weather

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44
 UNIT 5
A TELEPHONE CALL

1. Useful Expressions: A Telephone Call

Instruction: Listen and repeat for any telephone situation with the
following phrases.

a. Introduction
- Hello, this is …………(your name).
- Speaking. (if the caller doesn’t recognize the voice)
- Hi, it’s Erwin from dentist’s office here. How can I help you?
- Hey Sam. It’s …..(your name) calling.
- May I ask who’s calling, please? (if it isn’t the person you’re calling)

b. Asking for someone/making a request

- May I speak to …………(a person’s name you’re calling), please?
- Can I talk to ……….(a person’s name you’re calling)?
- Would the doctor be in/ available?
- Is ……….(a person’s name you’re calling) in? (informal)
- Is ……….(a person’s name you’re calling) there, please? (informal)
- Could I have extension number 569? (if you’re getting a call without
name)
- I’m calling to make a reservation? (if you’re calling with a specific
purpose).

c. Holding and transferring

- Just a sec. I’ll get him. (informal)
- Hang on one second. (informal)
- Please hold and I’ll put you through.
- One moment please’
- All of our operators are busy at this time. Please hold for the next
available person.
- Can you please hold for a minute? I have another call.

d. Leaving a message
- Would you like to leave a message?
- May I leave a message?

e. Asking the speaker to slow down.

- Could you please repeat that?

45
 - Would you mind spelling that for me?
- Could you speak up a little please?
- My English isn’t very strong. Can you speak a little slower please?
- Can you call me back? I think we have a bad connection.

f. Finishing a conversation.
- Well, I guess I better bet going. Talk to you soon.
- Thanks for calling. Bye for now.
- I have to let you go now.
- I have another call coming through. I better run.
- I’m afraid that’s my other line.
- I’ll talk to you again soon. Bye.

Note:
- Men do not call themselves Mr on the phone. Women may use Miss or
Mrs however. You may need to spell your name on the telephone.
- Write down a brief outline of what you need to say if you feel nervous
about telephoning in English.
- Remember your manners ‘could you’ and ‘please’ when making request.
‘Thank you’ and ‘good bye’ when finishing a conversation.
- Please hold means ‘just a moment’.
- Native English speakers often use a special alphabet when they spell
over the phone. i.e. A as in Alpha, B as in Bravo and so on.

2. Listening: A Telephone Call

Instruction 1: Listen to this telephone call then repeat and practice this
with your pair.
Voice : Kediri 0354
Erwin : Could I speak to Erwan please?
Voice : Erwan? There’s no Erwan here. I’m afraid you’ve got the
wrong number.
Erwin : Oh, I’m so sorry.
Voice : That’s all right.
(Beep)
Voice : Kediri 3569
Erwin : Can I speak to Erwan please?
Voice : Just a moment please. I’ll put you through
Erwan : Hello, Erwan here.
Erwin : Good morning. This is Erwin speaking. We’re having a rujak
party at my place this Saturday. I wonder if you would care
to me.
Erwan : That sounds very nice. What time would that be?
Erwin : About half past seven. If that suits you.
Erwan : Well, I’ll have to check my schedule of course, though I’m
pretty sure I’m free then. Shall I call you back?

46
 Erwin : That’ll be fine.
(Adapted from: How to Say it. Philip Binham. 1974. Kanisius.)

3. Speaking : Make A Call

Exercises
Instruction 1: Do the following exercises based on the provided
instruction.
a. Pair works
Instruction: Complete the conversation below using the appropriate
expression.
1. Ali : Jombang three- O – four-seven.
Budi : …………………………………………………..?
Ali : speaking.
Budi : ………………………………………………….

2. Clara : Surabaya seven-six-seven-four.

Cleo : ………………………………………………….?
Clara : …………………………… I’ll put you through.
Mark : Hello,……………………………………..

3. Theo : Hello.
Aini : …………………………………………
Theo : Lukman? There’s no Lukman here……………………………
Aini : Oh. I’m so sorry.
Theo : That’s all right.

4. Lucy : Hello.
Evi : …………………………………………?
Lucy : Speaking.
Evi : Hello,……………………………………………………… We will have an
English club on Sunday
morning………………………………………….
Lucy : That’s all right……………………………………………..
Evi : it’s about half to eight, if you don’t mind.
Lucy : Well, let me see my schedule, I think I’m free on that day…..
……………………………………….?
Evi : that’ll be fine.

5. Mitha : Medan, six-eight-two-one

Lubis : …………………………………………?
Mitha : ………………………………
Lubis : Good morning. ……………………………………….

47
 b. Role Plays
Instruction: Find your pair and make a telephone call based on this
situation below.
1. You get a terrible toothache and you want to make an appointment
with your dentist. Your dentist isn’t always at his office so you have
to phone him first. What will you say on the phone in order you can
see him in his office soon?
2. You will celebrate your 17th birthday in McDonald restaurant and
you would like to invite Erwin by phone. What will you say on the
phone? Pay attention to introduction and finishing the conversation.
3. You would like to call Lucy but you get the wrong number. What will
you say on the phone? Pay attention to the introduction and
holding/transferring.
4. Someone call you and she speaks so loudly. What will you say to
make her slow down her voice?
5. You and your best friend will have a private dinner. You have to
reserve the place first. What will you say related to the situation?

4. Reading: Computers
Pre-Reading Questions.
Instruction: Before reading the text, answer the following questions orally.
1. According to you, how do you use the computer?
2. What do you know about a tutor function of a computer?
3. What can student do in a tool function of a computer?
4. What is a tutee function of a computer?

Reading Text.
Computers as Tutor, Tool, or Tutee
Computers can be used in many
ways different in the classroom. Robert
Taylor has divided computer use in the
classroom into three useful categories:
tutor, tool, and tutee.
A tutor function, according to
Taylor, involves using the computer to
drill students in ways that are typical of
rote memorization and learning
exercises. Programmed instruction fits
this type of category, as well as a program such as Math Blaster, a game
about invading spacecraft, which drills students in addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division.

48
 In a tool function, students use the computer as a tool for going on
the Internet to do research or using the computer to type a paper or create
a spreadsheet.
In a tutee context, students program a machine to do particular
tasks. A program such as Lego/Logo, for example, has the user construct a
machine using Lego pieces that include not only traditional Lego building
bricks but gears, motors, and sensors as well. Users then hook their
machines to a computer and write a computer program to control the
machine. A user might build a house with lights that turn on and off at a
specific time or garage door that opens whenever a sensor is tripped.
(Adopted from Carlos F. Diaz et al. Touch the Future: Teach. 2006. USA: Pearson Edu. Inc. p. 377)

Glossary:
Tutee (n) : pengawasan
Rote memorization (n) : hafalan diluar kepala.
Invading (n) : penyerbuan
Hook (v) : memasangkan
Trip (v) : mengalir (arus listrik)

Comprehension Questions.
Instruction1: Answer the following question based on the passage above.

1. What generally is the passage about?

2. How many category has Robert Taylor divided computer use?
3. What kinds of drilling do students get from a tutor function?
4. Where can students do a research?
5. What happened when a sensor is tripped?
6. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
7. “Users then hook their machines to a computer and write a computer
program to control the machine.”
The italic word refers to……………………………….
Instruction 2: Re-order the following topic ideas based on the text above.
4. Arrange these words below into an appropriate sentence!
the computer – as - do - a tool - going on - students - use - the Internet –
to - for - research.
5. Arrange these sentences into a good paragraph!
 Users then hook their machines to a computer and write a
computer program to control the machine.
 A program such as Lego/Logo, for example, has the user
construct a machine using Lego pieces that include not only
traditional Lego building bricks but gears, motors, and sensors as
well.
c. Students program a machine to do particular tasks.
d. A user might build a house with lights that turn on and off at a
specific time or garage door that opens whenever a sensor is tripped.

49
 Instruction 3: Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the
underlined word or phrase.
1. Programmed instruction fits this type of category.
Suit Correct size Right measure Well adapted
2. A program such as Lego/Logo, for example, has the user construct a
machine using Lego pieces.
Posses Eat Receive Cause
3. Whenever a sensor is tripped, the garage door will open.
Switch Move Lose balance Experience

5. Grammar: Future/be going to

Simple Future/ be going to

Simple future/ be going to is used:

o To express a PREDICTION, either WILL or BE GOING TO is used.
Example:
a. According to the weather report, it will be cloudy tomorrow.
b. According to the weather report, it is going to be cloudy tomorrow.
o To express a PRIOR PLAN, only BE GOING TO is used.
Example:
A : Are you busy this evening?
B : Yes, I’m going to meet Ria at the library at seven. We’re
going to study together.
(the speaker intends to meet, she has a prior plan)
o To express WILLINGNESS, only WILL is used.
Example:
A : the phone’s ringing?
B : I’ll get it.
(the speaker is not making prediction and has no prior plan to
answer the phone, he is volunteering to answer the phone so
he uses ‘will’ to show his willingness)

Time signal:
Tomorrow.Tomorrow…………, Next week, Next…………, Soon.Two days again.
…………………… again.

Note:

50
 Shall is only used with I and We,
 ‘Shall not’ can be shortened with ‘shan’t’
 ‘Will not’ can be shortened with ‘won’t’
 ‘Be’ going to represents ‘is, am, are’

Exercises
Instruction 1: Change the following sentences into negative form and
affirmative form.

1. He will leave tomorrow

(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….
2. We shall write letters all the day.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
3. Joe will wait for us there.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….
4. We shall eat them all.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….
5. We’ll work hard next year.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….
6. He is going to speak Arabic next meeting.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….
7. I think I’m going to be sick.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….
8. They are going to grow beans in their garden.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….
9. My father is going to build a new house.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….
10. I’m going to sing it again this evening.
(-)…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………
(?)………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….

Instruction 2: Change these sentences into the going to form of future.

1. I’m afraid it will cost a lot of money.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Where will he stay?

51
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Shall I see you next meeting?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. How will you come to English class?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Will you be here tomorrow?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. How long do you think it’ll last?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. How’ll you get home?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. When will you be here again?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. He will swim after six lessons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. I won’t buy cheap things.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Instruction 3: Put the following into the future simple, first in shall/will
form, and then in going to form. Replace the time expression in bold type by
a future time expression if necessary.
Example: He has just finished it.
- He will finish it next week.
- He is going to finish it next week.

1. My sister cleaned my room yesterday.

- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________
2. We’ve already climbed the mountain.
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________
3. It didn’t cost so much a week ago.
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________
4. Did he take you with him to the zoo last time?
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________
5. I have been very busy today.
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________
6. He looked for you at the party last night.
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________
7. Leo hasn’t shaved since yesterday.
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________

52
 8. We took our examinations in 2014.
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________
9. They haven’t paid me since July.
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________
10. Have you written to him?
- _______________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________

Instruction 4: Change into going to if you think it express a prior plan and
will if it expresses willingness.
1. A: This letter is in Arabic, and I don’t speak a word of Arabic. Can you
help me?
B: Sure. I (translate)_______________it for you.
2. A: Do you want to go shopping with me? I (go)_______________to the
shopping mall downtown.
B: Sure. What time do you want to leave?
3. A: I (enroll)_________________in the community college next spring.
B: Oh? I didn’t know you wanted to go back to school.
A: I need to sharpen my skills so I can get a better job. I (take)
____________________ a course in word processing.
4. A: Who wants to erase the board? Are there any volunteers?
B: I (do)__________________it!
C: I (do)__________________it!
D: No, no! I (do)___________________it!
5. A: Why do you have an eraser in your hand?
B: I (erase)_________________the board.

6. Writing: Telling Future Plan

Exercises
Instruction 1: Lucy has planned to spend her long vacation, complete these
sentences referring to the picture given.

On next vacation, Lucy _________________ in _____________.

She _______________by __________. She likes that place because it

is____________. She ______________ with _______________.

53
She will stay there for _________________. She _____________

, ______________ , and also___________________ .

She __________ ,_________ , __________ ,___________ ,

and _____________ to bring home. It

will be unforgettable vacation because she will really ___________ .

Instruction 2: Write your own plan for the next vacation based on the
following questions.
1. When will you go?
2. Where will you go?
3. Why do you choose that place?
4. With whom will you go there?
5. How will you get there?
6. How long will you be there?
7. What will you buy there?
8. How do you feel?

54
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 UNIT 6
Talking about Vacation

1. Useful Expressions: Vacation

Instruction: To ask about our past activities that we have done in our free
time we can use the following expressions:
- Did you watch the concert last night? Yes I did.
- Did you go to the movie last Sunday? No, I didn’t. I went to the beach
last Sunday.
- Where were you last Saturday? I was in Paris
- What did you do during your vacation? I went to Niagara waterfall.
- How did you get to Parangtritis beach? I took a plane to Surabaya.
Then I went by bus to Parangtritis beach.
- How was the trip? It was a long and tiring trip.
- How was the vacation? It was fun.
- Did you have fun there? Oh yes, I had a great time.
Here are some examples of conversations about spending our free time:

2. Listening: Vacation
Instruction: Listen to the conversation!
 While you are listening, fill the blanks with the past simple verbs in box!
Were did went ate stayed spent gave was met
Adam : Tell me about your last vacation.
Fatimah : Well, my last vacation was in Vietnam.
Adam : How was it?
Fatimah : It was fantastic. It’s a beautiful country.
Adam : What (1) ___________ You do?
Fatimah : mmmmm…. Many things. Vietnam is a country that is very
different. The south is very different from the north. In the
south you can go to the beach, and I (2)___________ Swimming

56
 in the ocean, mmm… it’s very hot. In the north I went to the
mountain, where it’s very cold, and I went hiking.
Adam : how was that?
Fatimah : it was beautiful. It was……. The scenery was beautiful and they
have many different ethnic groups in the north, so, it’s very
interesting to me to meet different people.
Adam : did you go alone?
Fatimah : No, I went with the friend.
Adam : and who did you meet along the way?
Fatimah : we (3)___________ many families and children childern, and we
many people who were farmers, mmm…… they were working
in the rice field, and we (4) __________ so lucky to have a tour
guide. He (5) ________ from the local area and could show us all
of the sight of the local area.
Adam : Did you pay the guide?
Fatimah : Yes we did.
Adam : How did you do that?
Fatimah : Errr…… he (6) ___________ us (2x) standard rate of how much
we have to pay, and so we went to the cash machine to count
the money and we paid to him.
Adam : Was the entire trip expensive?
Fatimah : No, Vietnam is not an expensive country. I think for a three-
week holiday we (7) ___________ around US $ 1500.
Adam : 1500 plus transportation ticket to and from Vietnam?
Fatimah : Yes, plus the cost of the flight.
Adam : Where did you stay at night?
Fatimah : It’s very easy to find accommodation in Vietnam. So each time
we arrived in a new city, we asked at bus station or train
station and someone took us to a hostel.
Adam : You always (8) ___________ in a hostel?
Fatimah : Yes, we always stayed in a hostel or a cheap hotel.
Adam : Did you eat local food?

57
 Fatimah : Yes, we did. It was delicious. They have very fresh ingredients,
and I like the Vietnamese food very much, because it’s not
very fried. It’s very fresh. We (9) _________ a lot of salad and
that kind of thing.
Adam : Did you get sick?
Fatimah : Both of us were lucky. We didn’t get sick. We ate a lot.
Adam : Do you recommend it?
Fatimah : Yes, I thoroughly recommend it. It was a wonderful trip.
- Write all the past simple verbs from the above conversation in the following table!
No Past Simple Verbs Meaning

3. Speaking: What did you do…?

1. Conversation 1
I Worked Till Midnight.
Susan : Did you watch TV last night?
Tom : No, I didn’t. I studied.
Susan : Did you stay up late?
Tom : Yes, I worked till midnight.

2. Conversation 2
I was at the Airport
Joko : Where were you last night?
Nita : I was at the airport. My sister arrived from Hawaii.
Joko : That’s a long trip. How did she like it?
Nita : The flight was fine, but she’s very tired today.

3. Conversation 3

58
 I Went to Disneyland
Jack : What did you do during your vacation?
Lisa : I went to Disneyland.
Jack : Wow! How did you get there?
Lisa : I took a plane to Los Angeles. Then I went by bus to
Disneyland.
Jack : Did you have fun there?
Lisa : Oh yes. I had a great time.
Pair work: -With your partner, create a conversation about your last
vacation!
- Use the above conversations as the example!
- Practice your conversation in front of the class!

4. Reading: Islamic Law

Pre Reading questions
Instruction: Before you read the text, answer the following questions
orally!
1). Have you heard about Islamic law before?
2). Do you think Islamic Law is important or not? Why?
3). Is Islamic Law the same as Public Law?

Reading
ELEMENTS OF SHARI’AH LAW
Islamic law is known as Shar’iah Law, and Shar’iah means the path to follow
God's Law. Shar’iah Law is holistic or eclectic in its approach to guide the
individual in most daily matters. Shar’iah Law controls, rules and regulates all
public and private behaviour. It has regulations for personal hygiene, diet, sexual
conduct, and elements of child rearing. It also prescribes specific rules for prayers,
fasting, giving to the poor, and many other religious matters.

59
 Civil Law and Common Law primarily
focus on public behaviour, but both do
regulate some private matters. Shar’iah Law
can also be used in larger situations than
guiding an individual's behaviour. It can be
used as guide for how an individual acts in
society and how one group interacts with
another. The Shar’iah Law can be used to settle border disputes between nations
or within nations. It can also be used to settle international disputes, conflicts and
wars. This Law does not exclude any knowledge from other sources and is viewed
by the Muslim world as a vehicle to solve all problems civil, criminal and
international.
Shar’iah Law has several sources from which to draw its guiding principles.
It does not rely upon one source for its broad knowledge base. The first and
primary element of Shar’iah Law is the Qur’an. It is the final arbitrator and there is
no other appeal. The second element of Shar’iah Law is known as the Sunna, the
teachings of the Prophet Mohammad not explicitly found in the Qur’an. The third
element of Shar’iah Law is known as the Ijma. The Muslim religion uses the term
Ulama as a label for its religious scholars. These Ulama's are consulted on many
matters both personal and political. When the Ulama's reach a consensus on an
issue, it is interpreted as Ijma. The Qiyas are a fourth element of Shar’iah Law. The
Qiyas are not explicitly found in the Qur’an, Sunna, or given in the Ijma. The Qiyas
are new cases or case law which may have already been decided by a higher judge.
Adapted from Wiechman, D. J., Kendall, J.D., &Azarian, M.K. “Islamic Law: Myths and Realities” in English for Islamic
Studies, book 1, State College for Islamic Studies .

Glossary:
Appeal(n) : rujukan
Arbitrator(n) : wasit, juru pisah
Civil law (n) : Hukum perdata
Coomon law (n) : Hukum adat
Disputes(n) : Perselisihan
Ecletic(adj) : bersifat memilih

60
Path(n) : Jalan
Prescribe(v) : Menentukan

Comprehension Questions:
Instruction: Answer the following questions based on the above passage!

1.What is Islamic law?

_______________________________________________________________
2.What is the function of Shari’ah law?
______________________________________________________________
3.What do you know about civil law and common law?
______________________________________________________________
4.How does muslim world view on Shari’ah law?
______________________________________________________________
5.What are the elements of Shari’ah law?
______________________________________________________________
6.What is the most important element of Shari’ah law?
______________________________________________________________-
7.What is the main idea of the 3rd paragraph?
______________________________________________________________
8.What is the topic idea of the 3rd paragraph?
______________________________________________________________
9.What does Sunna mean?
______________________________________________________________
10.What does Ijma mean?
______________________________________________________________

4. GRAMMAR SPOT
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Quick Reference
 The verb be (was/were) is used to talk about a past situation
It was cloudy yesterday. The banks were closed
Affirmative Negative Questions
She was She wasn’t Was she?
They were They weren’t Were they?
 The past simple of regular and irregular verbs are used to talk about
something that happened and finished at a particular time moment in the
past, a complete action.
I left school in 2015. He died on Friday. The class started 10 minutes ago.

61
 Often, it is not mentioned when something happened. It is understood.
Ahmad went to a party yesterday. He met Hameed, and Mahmud was there
too. He danced with him all night.
The past simple is also used to describe:
 Something that happened gradually or continually in the past.
When he was young, he smoked 24 cigarettes a day.
 The form of the simple:
Affirmative Negative Questions
Regular verbs it started It didn’t start Did it start?
Irregular verbs: we went We didn’t go Did we go?
Note: Short answer:
Did he go? –No, he didn’t.

Exercises
Instruction 1: Complete the sentences with the verbs in past simple.
Choose the words in the box.
Get on eat speak ride have sit
1. An Arabic woman, Fatimah (1707-1782), ………….69 children.
2. In 1993, Steve Meltzer of Brooklyn, New York,…………. 96 sausage in
6 minutes.
3. In 1982-83, Timothy Roy, ………………… in a tree in California for 431
days non-stop.
4. University lecturer, Capilla Kumarasinge, …………..about Budhism for
159 hours non-stop.
5. 16 people……………. The same bicycle and ………….. it for 50 meters in
Tokyo in 1979.

Instruction 2: Sophia Muller went to a business trip to Canada last week.

Complete the questions and her answer!
Example: weather/good? Yes Was the weather good? Yes, It was
1. Flight/ ok?............................................................................ yes ……………………….
2. Weather/ hot? ………………………………………………. No ………………………….

62
 3. Meeting/ useful? …………………………………………… Yes………………………….
4. Food/ good?.........................................................................Yes ………………………..
5. Things/expensive…………………………………………..No…………………………….
6. The trip/successful……………………………………….. Yes…………………………..

Instruction 3: Complete the newspaper story with the simple past. Choose from
these verbs!
Not know lose ring steal make go be(2x) get
understand say take have understand

On Tuesday last week, Mrs. Hillary Fox, (1)…………….. her purse while
on a shopping trip. When she (2)…………… home the telephone (3)
……………. The man at the other end (4)………………….. he (5)
……………………. Of a local supermarket and her (6)…………………... her
purse. She immediately (7)………………. Back to the supermarket.But the
manager (8)………………………. anything about her purse. But, half an hour
later she (9),………………. the reason. The same thief who(10)………………..
her purse(11)………………. the phone call. Then while she (12)
……………………at the supermarket, he (13) …………………..the opportunity
to steal everything in her flat as well as her purse.

Instruction 4: The mother of a teenage complained about her son,

complete what she said!
1. He loses a lot of things. Last week he……………………… his wallet and
his jacket.
2. He does a very little homework. Last night he………………. Any.
3. He sleeps most of the day. Last Sunday he ……………… till midday.
4. He spends all his money on clothes. Last month he…………….. over $
400.
5. He goes out a lot. Last week he ………….. every evening.
6. And he always comes home late. Last Saturday night he ……..till
03.00 am.

63
 7. He leaves his room in terrible mess. Yesterday he ………………all his
clothes on the floor.
8. He eats a lot. Yesterday, he ……………….a whole loaf of bread when he
came home.

Instruction 5: Robb Howell lived in Spain for a year, complete the

questions for his answers!
1. When…………………………………………………………..?
I went in August.
2. Where…………………………………………………………?
I lived in Barcelona.
3. ……………………………………………………………………?
Yes, I had a job as an English teacher.
4. How…………………………………………………………….?
I found it through a friend.
5. Who……………………………………………………………?
I taught a group of teenagers.
6. ……………………………………………………………………?
No, it wasn’t well paid.

Instruction 6: Read the following newspaper story. Look carefully at each

line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a mistake. If a line is
correct, put a tick after it. If a line has a mistake in it, underline the mistake
and correct it.

Carl Harris was in Brixton prison, London. He works in the prison

kitchen. One morning he saw a chance to escape. A truck full of potatoes
come to a prison yard. He took half the sacks of potatoes into the
kitchen. The driver tells him to leave the rest in the truck. Harris then
hid among the potatoes which was still on the truck. The truck then
leave the prison. After half an hour, the truck stop and the driver gets
out. Harris now thinks it was safe to come out. He couldn’t believe it- he
wasn’t free, he was in another prison yard! The other sacks of potatoes
were for the prisoners in Wandsworth Prison, in London.

5. Writing: Unforgettable Experience

Write a paragraph about your last vacation or your unforgettable
experience when you have vacation. Express your words in 10 sentences
(around 100 hundred words). You can use some expression that you have
learned in the beginning of this UNIT.

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 UNIT 7
JOB INTERVIEW

1.Useful Expressions: Job Interview

Instruction: Listen and repeat the following expressions!
Making a job application:

I saw your advertisement in the paper : Saya melihat iklan anda di koran
I'm interested in this position : Saya tertarik posisi ini
I'd like to apply for this job : Saya akan melamar pekerjaan ini
Interview Session:

Could you tell me about yourself? : Dapatkah kamu menceritakan

tentang kamu
How would you describe yourself? : Bagaimana kamu mendiskripsikan
diri anda?
What qualifications have you got? : Kualifikasi/Pendidikanapa yang anda
miliki?
How long have you worked at…? : Berapa lama anda bekerja di…?
Have you had any experience in …? : Apakah anda memiliki pengalaman
dalam…?
Why should we hire you? : Mengapa kita sebaiknya
mengontrakkamu?
What are your strengths and weaknesses? : Apa kelebihan dan kekurangan anda?
Why do you think you are a good candidate for this position?
: Mengapa anda berfikir bahwa kamu
adalah calon yang tepat pada posisi
ini?
What is your career goal? : Apa tujuan karir anda?
What do you know about our company? : Apa yang anda ketahui tentang
perusahaan kami?

67
2. Listening: Job Interview
Instruction : Listen to this job interview then repeat and practice with your pair!.
Conversation 1:
Mr.Fathin : Good morning Ms. Nisa, please have a seat.
Ms.Nisa : Good morning, it's a pleasure to meet you.
Mr.Fathin : Could you tell me who you work for at the moment?
Ms.Nisa : I work for MandiriSyariah Bank.
Mr.Fathin : How long have you worked there?
Ms.Nisa : I've been working for MandiriSyariah Bank for the past two years.
Mr. Fathin : And how long have you been working in the Teller section?
Ms.Nisa : I've been in the teller section for the past six months.
Mr.Fathin : And why did you leave that position?
Ms.Nisa : I was offered a more interesting position at BNI 46.
Mr.Fathin : Have you had any experience in being Branch Manager?
Ms.Nisa : Yes, I've spent a few years working as a branch manager in a
Finance provider in Kediri.
Mr.Fathin : That's interesting. How successful have you been?
Ms.Nisa : The Finance provider I've worked for have all had increased its
income as a result of my innovation.
Mr.Fathin : Very interesting...

Conversation 2:
Interviewer : Good morning, Ms.Shakila
Interviewee : Good morning, Mr.Tsaqif
Interviewer : You are applying for the position of a bank teller, aren’t you?
Interviewee : Yes, Sir.
Interviewer : Could you tell me a little about your educational background?
Interviewee : I have a degree in Economics from STAIN Kediri.
Interviewer : Can you tell me about your last job?
Interviewee : I’m a customer service in a developing company.
Interviewer : Could you tell me what your duties are?
Interviewee : I serve customers who need assistance.
Interviewer : I would like to know whether you know your responsibilities if
you are accepted here.

68
Interviewee : As far as I know, a bank teller is responsible for serving customer
who want to save, draw or transfer money.
Interviewer : I would like to know why you are leaving your job.
Interviewee : I want to get a more challenging job which is relevant to my
educational background.
Interviewer : I wonder if you could tell me something about what kind of person
you are.
Interviewee : I’m a responsible, diligent, sociable, and hardworking person.
Interviewer : What would you say about your weaknesses?
Interviewee : Some people say I’m a perfectionist.
Interviewer : What is your goal for the future?
Interviewee : Working for a well-developed company like this company.
Interviewer : OK, Ms. Shakila. That’s all for the interview today. I’ll call you for
the results later.
Interviewee : Thank you for the interview

3. Speaking: Job Interview

Instruction 1: Do the following exercises based on the provided instruction!
a. Role Plays
Instruction: Please find your pair and practice job interview between you and
your pair (Interviewer and interviewee).

b. Pair works
Instruction: Please find five to ten vocabularies related to job interview, then
use question words to ask your friends.
e.g.: Apply forWhy do you apply for this job?

c. Discussion
Instruction: Discuss in a small group about the following questions:
1) Have you experienced being interviewed? How do you feel? What did you do
then?
2) What should a person want from a new job?
3) What should an employer expect from a new employee?
4) How should an applicant act during the interview?
5) Why do you think an applicant must be interviewed? Do you think it’s really
necessary? Explain your answer!

d. Homework:

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 Instruction: Please find a video clip (in English) from Youtube.com that helps
people successfully interview for jobs. Watch the video, take notes important
information and share them in the class.

4.Reading: Economics
Pre Reading questions
Instruction: Ask the following questions to your students !
1). Who consumes the goods & services produced in society?
2). Whatgoods & services should be produced in society?
3). Would you like to work for a company, teach economic disciplines at university
or operate your own economic business?

Reading Text
Economic
Economics is the study of the
production and consumption of goods and
the transfer of wealth to produce and
obtain those goods. Economics explains
how people interact within markets to get
what they want or accomplish certain goals.
Since economics is a driving force of human
interaction, studying it often reveals why people and governments behave in
particular ways.
People who study economics are called economists. Economists seek to
answer important questions about how people, industries, and countries can
maximize their productivity, create wealth, and maintain financial stability.
Because the study of economics encompasses many factors that interact in
complex ways, economists have different theories as to how people and
governments should behave within markets.
Retrieved from http://www.whatiseconomics.org/
Glossary:
Goods (n) : Barang-barang Behave (v) : Berperilaku
Wealth (n) : Kekayaan Particular (Adj) : Tertentu

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Accomplish (v) : Mencapai Seek (v) : Mencari
Reveal (v) : Mengungkap Maintain (v) : Mempertahankan

Comprehension Questions
Instruction 1: Answer the following questions based on the text above!
1. What does the first paragraph tell us about?
2. What is the definition of Economics?
3. What do economists concern about?
4. What is the advantage of studying economics?
5. What does the word “it” in Paragraph 1 line 4 refer to?

Instruction 2:Re-order the following topic ideas based on the text above!
1). One of the roles of economists
2). Advantages of studying economics
3). Definition of economics

Instruction 3:Decide whether the following sentences are TRUE or FALSE based
on the text above!
1. Economists are people who study economy.
2. Studying Economics is important because it is a driving force of human
interaction.
3. Economics is only related to production and consumption of goods.
4. By studying economics, a person knows people’s and government’s behavior.
5. Economists also look for interrelation between people, industries, and
countries.

5. Grammar: Present Perfect Tense

Quick Reference:

1). The present perfect expresses the idea that something happened (or never
happened) before now, at an unspecified time in the past. The exact time it
happened is not important.
Example: My family has moved into a new house.

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2). The present perfect also expresses the repetition of an activity before now. The
exact time of each repetition is not important
Example: I have met many people since I came here in July.
3). The present perfect, when used with for or since, also expresses a situation that
began in the past and continues to the present. (Since + a particular time and
for+a duration of time)
Example: I have known him for many years.
4). The FORM of the present perfect is :have/has + Past Participle

Exercises:
Instruction 1:Underline the correct form in the brackets!.
1. I (have seen, has seen) this movie.
2. My family (has met, have met) many people since I moved here
3. We (have been, has been) here for two weeks.
4. My English teacher (has taught, has teached) us for two years.
5. She (have been, has been) in Kediri since last week.

Instruction 2: Read the dialogue and decide which answer, a, b, or c best fits each
space.
Tsaqif : Why are you nervous?
Najwa : Because it’s the first time (1)……...someone’s car.
Tsaqif : Is this your first time in Indonesia?
Najwa : No. It’s the second time (2)…..….here
Tsaqif : Are you enjoying it?
Najwa : Yes, It’s the best holiday (3)………….
Tsaqif : How do you like the weather? It’s the driest weather (4)…… in this century.
Najwa : It’s just beautiful. Today is the hottest day (5)……..in this country.

1. a) I’ve driven b) I’ve drive c) I drive

2. a) I’m b) I’ve been c) I was
3. a) I have b) I had ever c) I’ve ever had
4. a) we’ve had b) we had c) we have
5. a) I know b) I’ve known c) I knew

Instruction 3: Write either since or for in the blanks.

1. I and my brother have moved three times……our childhood.
2. We’ve lived here…………….three years, but we’re going to move again soon.
3. Our family has lived here……a long time. We’ve lived here ………….1990.

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4. My sister has been married …………last year.
5. I haven’t seen my brother…………..6 months. I haven’t seen my sister ……..April.

Instruction 4: Discuss and/or write answers to the following questions.

1. What are some interesting experiences you have had in your lifetime?
2. What are some things you have not yet done in your lifetime but would like to
do?
3. What are some of the places you have visited in your country and when did you
visit them?
4. What significant changes have taken place in your life since you were in SMA?
5. What are some of things you have done in the past couple of months?

6. Writing: My Story
Instruction: Write at least five sentences for each topic below!

1.Beautiful places I have ever visited.

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 UNIT 8
GIVING AND ASKING FOR DIRECTION AND
INFORMATION

1. Useful Expressions: Giving and Asking for

Direction/Information
Instruction: Repeat the following phrases individually and in group.

A. Asking and Giving Directions

1. Questions you can ask about directions.

 Can you please tell me how can I get to ….?
 How can I get to…?
 I’m trying get to…
 How do I get to…?
 What’s the best way to get …?
 Where is … can you tell me please?
 Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to …?
 Excuse me, do you know where the … is?
 I’m looking for this address.
 Are we on the right road for …?
 Is this the right road for …?
 Do you have a map?
 Can you show me on the map?

2. How to give directions to somebody else.

 Go straight on till you see …. Then ….
 Turn back. You have gone past the turning.
 Turn left when you see a roundabout.
 Turn right at the end of the road and my house is number…

75
  Cross the junction and keep going for about 1 mile.
 Take the third road on the right and you will see ….. on the right/left.
 Take the second road on the left and you will see the house on the
left/right.
 Take the second road on the left and you will see the … straight ahead. The
… is opposite the …
 The … is near the …
 The … is next to the …
 The … is in between the … and …
 At the end of the road you will see a roundabout.
 I’m sorry, I don’t know.
 Sorry, I’m not from around here.

B. Giving and Asking for Information.

1. Can you tell me…?

2. Could you tell me…?
3. I’d like to know …
4. Do you know …
5. (Got/ Have you) any idea …?
6. Could anyone tell me …?

76
 7. (Do/ Would) you happen to know …?
8. I don’t suppose you (would) know …?
9. I wonder if you could tell me …?
10. I wonder if someone could tell me …?

Note:
 Phrases 1 – 10 are all followed by indirect questions. So ‘What’s the
time?’ becomes ‘Can you tell me what the time is?’.
 Phrase 2 is a little more formal and polite than phrase 1.
 Phrases 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are polite and are good to use if you are
asking a stranger or you are asking at a public information desk.
 Phrase 4 is more informal.
 Phrases 5 and 7 are more informal if you say them without the part in ()
brackets.
 Phrases 9 and 10 are very formal and in an informal situation some
people may react strangely if they think that you are being sarcastic.
 The best answer for phrases 1 to 10 is ‘Sorry I don’t know’.

(www.easypacelearning.com/www.ihbristol.com )

2. Speaking: Asking and Giving Directions

Instruction: Practice this conversation below with your partner.

William : Hello, excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the nearest
Post Office?
Edward : Emm, yea, sure – you go straight up this street. Take the
second turn on the right. Keep going along there. Across one
junction, and it’s right there on your left.
William : Thanks.
Edward : Oh, no, hang on; wait a minute, there’s a closer one. Walk up
this street, take the first left and there’s a Post Office on your

77
 right at the next junction, sorry, I forgot about that one.
William : Thanks again.
(Adapted from: Basic Tactics for Listening)

Exercises:
Instruction 1: Read the map below, complete the conversations and then
practice.

1. A : Excuse me, Could you tell me the way to Italian Restaurant?

B : Sure. Just go along ………. And turn right on………… go past ………..
and it’s on the right. It’s opposite ………..
A :Thanks.

2. A : Excuse me, how can I get to the Post Office?

B : Well, go up …………… until you reach …………… then turn left and
walk for ……. minutes. It’s on the corner of ………… and …………. Next
to ………….
A : Thanks a lot.
3. A : Excuse me, do you where the hospital is?

B : ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

78
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
A : Thank you.

4. A : Can you please tell me how can I get to the Book Shop?
B : ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
A : Thanks.

5. A : What’s the best way to get the Cinema?

B : ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
A : Thank you.

Instruction 2: Now take turns asking for and giving directions to other
locations on the map in pair.

Instruction 3: Work individually; tell to your friend how to reach STAIN

Kediri from your boarding house.

3. READING: The Indonesian Muslim Feminist

Pre-reading Questions:
Instruction: Answer these following questions before you read the passage
below.

1. According to you, what is feminist?

2. What does Indonesian Muslim feminist mean?
3. What is the meaning of ‘inheritance’?

79
Reading Text:
The Indonesian Muslim Feminist Reinterpretation of Inheritance
Nina Nurmila
The majority of Indonesian
Muslims interpret the Qur’an verses
on inheritance literally, without
taking into account that the Arab
kinship system is different from that
in Indonesia. To them, what is
fundamental in the inheritance
division is that a male should receive twice as much as female.
According to the writer, it is not for humans being to judge whether
one interpretation of the Qur’an is right or wrong. Indonesian Muslims can
try to understand God’s message in the Qur’an, but only God has the
authority to judge whether one interpretation of the Qur’an is right or
wrong. The right interpretation will be rewarded twice, and the wrong
interpretation will be rewarded once.
God knows better which one is right. Human beings can only try to
understand God’s message. God is just: the correct interpretation of the
Qur’an is the one that come closest to justice. If our understanding is
different from that of others, it would be better for us to respect each other
and not to enforce our opinion as the only truth.

(Adapted from Islam in Indonesia: contrasting images and interpretations. ICAS: Amsterdam University Press)

Glossary:
Inheritance (n) : Warisan
Taking into account (v) : Memberipenjelasan
Kinship (n) : Pertaliankeluarga
Authority (n) : Wewenang

80
Rewarded (v) : Dibalas
Enforce (v) : Memaksakan
Justice (n) : Keadilan
Truth (n) : Kebenaran

Comprehension questions
Instruction: Answer the following question based on the passage above.
1. What generally is the passage about?
2. How do the majority Indonesian Muslims interpret inheritance?
3. How do the Arab interpret inheritance?
4. Why is the right interpretation rewarded twice and the wrong one is
rewarded once?
5. According to the passage, what is the correct interpretation like?
6. What is our task to face the different understanding above?
7. What is the main idea of first paragraph?
8. “To them, what is fundamental in the inheritance division is that a male
should receive twice as much as female.”
The italic word refers to……………………………….
9. Arrange these words below into an appropriate sentence!
only - Human beings – understand -to - can - God’s message - try.
10. Arrange these sentences into a good paragraph!
e. God is just: the correct interpretation of the Qur’an is the one that
come closest to justice.
f. God knows better which one is right.
g. it would be better for us to respect each other and not to enforce our
opinion as the only truth.
h. Human beings can only try to understand God’s message.
i. If our understanding is different from that of others,

81
4. Grammar: Question Words

Question Words (Wh – question): What, where, when, which, who,

whom, why, how.

(WH QUESTION+ AUXILIARY VERB/MODAL + SUBJECT + MAIN VERB)

1. John is writing a letter.

 What is John writing?
2. She walks home from school.
 Who walks home from school?
3. The children are sitting in the garden.
 Where are the children sitting?
4. Karin runs with her sister on Sundays.
 When does kurin run with her sister?
5. My rabbit has a cage in the garden.
 What does your rabbit have in the garden?
6. They go to work by bus.
 How do they go to work?
7. David likes cats because they are nice.
 Why does David like cats?
8. Mitha isn’t sleeping late today.
 Who isn’t sleeping late today?
9. We are going to the cinema.
 Where are we going?
10.I’m leaving now.
 When are you leaving?

Exercises:
Instruction 1: Use the given words/phrases and form wh-questions.
1. What – doing – they - are
_____________________________________________________________________________?
2. You – in the morning – when – do – up - get
_____________________________________________________________________________?

82
3. Do – spell – your – you – how - name
_____________________________________________________________________________?
4. For – is – homework - what
_____________________________________________________________________________?
5. Tom – like – does – why - football
_____________________________________________________________________________?
6. What – do – like – the girls - sports
_____________________________________________________________________________?
7. Your – lunch – what – have – friend – for - did
_____________________________________________________________________________?
8. Lucy – stay – how – long – Korea – did - in
_____________________________________________________________________________?
9. What – the – weather – was - like
_____________________________________________________________________________?
10. Who – easy – maths – is - thinks
_____________________________________________________________________________?

Instruction 2: change the italic words below into wh questions.

1. She is opening a present.
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. The boys are hiding under Jack’s bed.
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. My sister prefers porridge for breakfast.
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. On Friday Jane has English, history and math.
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Yesterday Erwin and Erwan went to the swimming pool.
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. The plane is landing at the airport.
_____________________________________________________________________________
7. The telephone is ringing.
_____________________________________________________________________________
8. Sonya has to stop because of a security check.
_____________________________________________________________________________
9. Bryan’s new bike costs $ 1000.
_____________________________________________________________________________
10. At sunset Ireen is walking along the beach.
_____________________________________________________________________________

Instruction 3: Fill in the correct question words.

1. __________ sits next to Salim? Ahmad does.
2. __________ does he come from? From London.
3. __________ old is her baby? Three.
4. __________ is Lola’s birthday? In june.

83
 5. __________ much is that T-shirt? It’s twelve Rupiahs.
6. __________ is best at football? Messi.
7. __________ are you going? To University.
8. __________ does the restaurant close? At midnight.
9. __________ are you going to do tomorrow? I don’t know.
10.__________ can I get some meatball? At the canteen.

Instruction 4: Fill in the question words.

1. __________ do you love most?
2. __________ does Bagus get up in the morning?
3. __________ don’t you go by car, Mark?
4. __________ hobbies does Carmen have?
5. __________ do they go to early Sunday?
6. __________ is he?
7. __________ is Murad’s birthday?
8. __________ are my glasses?
9. __________ are you going, Hasan?
10.__________ do your parent do?

5. Writing: Asking for information

Instruction 1: Interview your favorite person. Make questions with the
words given.

1. Nama/_____________________________________________________________________?
2. Age/________________________________________________________________________?
3. Birthday/ __________________________________________________________________?
4. Address/___________________________________________________________________?
5. Nationality/________________________________________________________________?
6. Job/_________________________________________________________________________?
7. Hobbies/ ___________________________________________________________________?
8. Food/_______________________________________________________________________?
9. Favorite activity/__________________________________________________________?
10.Pet/_________________________________________________________________________?

84
Instruction 2: Write your own qualification based on the job interview
questions below.

1. What skills and experiences would make an ideal employee? (state what
you are looking for)
2. What is the single largest problem facing your team and would I be in a
position to help you solve this problem? (state how you can help the
team in your workplace)
3. What have you enjoyed most about working in workplace? (state how
satisfied people in their workplace)
4. What constitutes success at this position and this firm or nonprofit?
(state how to get ahead and whether it is a good fit for you)
5. Do you have any hesitations about my qualifications? (state your skills
and abilities)
6. Do you offer continuing education and professional training? (state your
interest in expanding your knowledge and ultimately growing with the
employer)
7. Can you tell me about the team I’ll be working with? (state that your
view about the people you will interact with on a daily basis)
8. What can you tell me about your new products or plans for growth?
(state your research and interest or idea toward the product or service
it’s launching)
9. Who previously held this position? (state whether somebody was
promoted or fired, quit or retired)
10. What is the next step in the process? (state how many people are in the
running for the position)adapted from www.forbes.com )

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 UNIT 9
GIVING ADVICE

1. Useful Expressions: Giving Advice

Instruction 1: Listen and Repeat the following expressions.

 I think you should get… (saya rasa kamu seharusnya

mendapatkan…)
 Maybe you should try… (mungkin kamu seharusnya mencoba…)
 Why don’t you… (mengapa anda tidak…)
 If I were you, I would… (andai saya jadi kamu, saya akan…)
 Make sure that… (pastikan bahwa…)
 I don’t think you should… (saya tidak menyarankan bahwa anda
seharusnya…)
 You ought to… (kamu seharusnya…)
 You ought not to… (kamu seharusnya tidak…)
 If I were in your position, I would…(jika saya diposisimu,saya akan…)
 If I were in your shoes, I would… (jika saya diposisimu saya akan…)
 You had better… (kamu seharusnya…)
 Whatever you do… (apapun yang kamu lakukan…)
 I think that/I feel that… (saya rasa…)
 In my opinion. (menurut pendapatku)
 I know so. (saya tahu betul)
 Trust me. (percaya padaku)
 Take… (ambil…)
 Go for it! (laksanakan!)

Note:
 ‘Should’ and ‘ought to’ are used when you are trying to say something is
advisable.
For example: You should buy a book/You ought to buy a book.
(It would be good if you buy a book but not urgent)
 ‘Had better’ is used when you are giving urgent, strong advise. It
means if the advice is not followed something bad could happen.
For example: You had better buy a book.
(It is urgent for you to buy a book)

87
2. Listening: Giving Advice

Instruction: Listen to this conversation then repeat and practice with your
pair
Layla : Thanks for meeting me during your lunch. I appreciate it.
Raisa : No problem. I’m happy to help. What’s going on?
Layla : Oh you know the usual. Should I take this new job? Or do I
stick with my current one?
Raisa : Well, I think it’s time for a change, don’t you? They pay you
late and you are unhappy.
Layla : Do you really think so?
Raisa : I know so. And I’ve been listening to you complain for over a
year now. Trust me. Take the job. What do you have to lose?
(Adapted from: http//resources for English teachers and students )

3. Speaking: Giving Advice

Exercises
Instruction 1: Read out the situation below and then give them advice
orally.
1. There’s some money left on a table after everyone leaves class. What
should I do?
2. If I arrive at class 30 minutes late, should I go in?
3. I want a pet, but I don’t know what kind to get. What kind of pet do you
recommend?
4. I didn’t have time to eat breakfast this morning. Now I’m in class, and
my stomach is growling. What should I do?
5. My friend wants me to go to a party, but I’m eru tired and I don’t know
the other guests. Should I go?
6. I feel sick and we are about to take a test. What should I do?
7. I feel very sick, but I don’t have a doctor. What should I do?
8. I lost a library book. What should I do?
9. You car runs out of gas at 2:00 A.M, and you have no money with you.
What should you do?
10. I did my homework, but my cat chewed it up. I don’t think the teacher
will believe me. What should I do?

Instruction 2: Discuss in a small group which items you will bring when
you would like to go to the jungle. The discussion can include phrases like:
“We could use the___________for___________”. “We should have
a____________to______________”. “I have to have a_______________!”. “if we bring
the______________, we will be able to _______________.” Etc.

88
The items are:
Scissors
Matches Blanket
Hand-crank short-wave radio Anti-bacterial cream
(receives only) Hand-crank flashlight
Water-purification tablets Mosquito repellant
Book A small ax
Aid animal Photos of all your families when
Pack of pencil you came to wish you
Notepad 2 pair of jeans
Portable gaming device plus 1 Sun block lotion
game A mirror
2 pair of hiking boots Rope
A canvas tent 2 chocolate bars for each person
Toilet paper A sewing kit
A snakebite kit Aspirin
A fish hook and nylon string

Instruction 3: Make a role play referring to the picture based on the

following questions
1. What do you think I should do?
2. What do you suggest?
3. What would you do in this situation?
4. What would you do if you were me?

Busy Crowded poor

scary stomachache noisy

.
Short sleepy rich

89
4. Reading: Islam and Muslims
Pre Reading Questions.
Instruction: Ask the following questions to your friend.
 According to you, what is Islam?
 What does Muslim mean?
 Do you know the Five Pillars?

Reading text.
What is Islam, and what do Muslims believe?

Islam is a religious system

begun in the seventh century by
Muhammad. Muslims follow the
teachings of the Qur’an and strive to
keep the Five Pillars. Islam means
“submission, “deriving from a root
word that means “peace”. The word
Muslim means “one who submits to
Allah.”
The Five Pillars compose the framework of obedience for Muslims,
they are: 1. The testimony of faith (shahada); 2. Prayer (salat); 3.Giving
(zakat); 4.Fasting (sawm); 5.Pilgrimage (hajj). A Muslim’s entrance into
paradise hinges on obedience to these Five Pillars. Still, Allah may reject
them. Even Muhammad was not sure whether Allah would admit him to
paradise (Surah 46:9; Hadith 5.266).
Islam teaches that the Qur’an is the final authority and the last
revelation of Allah. Then, Muslims believe that paradise can be earned
through keeping the Five Pillars.
(Adopted from www.gotquestions.org. copyright 2002-2015 Got Questions Ministries)

Glossary:
Strive (v) : berjuang
Submission (n) : kepatuhan
Submit (v) : penyerahan diri
Obedience (n) : ketaatan
Hinges (v) : bergantung
Revelation (n) : wahyu
Earned (v) : diperoleh

Comprehension questions
Instruction 1: Answer the following question based on the passage above.
1. What generally is the passage about?
2. How many pillars do Muslims believe? What are they?
3. When has a religious system begun?

90
 4. Why do Muslims strive to keep the Five Pillars?
5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
6. “Still, Allah may reject them.”
The italic word refers to……………………………….

Instruction 2: Re-order the following ideas based on the passage above.

1. Arrange these words below into an appropriate sentence!
the Qur’an - authority – and - the last - – of – Allah - Islam – teaches –
revelation - that - is - the final
2. Arrange these sentences into a good paragraph!
a. A Muslim’s entrance into paradise hinges on obedience to these Five
Pillars.
b. The Five Pillars compose the framework of obedience for Muslims.
c. They are: 1. The testimony of faith (shahada); 2. Prayer (salat); 3.
Giving (zakat); 4. Fasting (sawm); 5. Pilgrimage (hajj).
d. Even Muhammad was not sure whether Allah would admit him to
paradise (Surah 46:9; Hadith 5.266).
e. Still, Allah may reject them.

5. Grammar: Modal Auxiliaries

Modal auxiliaries
Modal auxiliaries are used to express a wide variety of meanings in
English. They can not be used alone. They are added to the base form of
verbs in order to express possibility, ability, desire etc.
o Might/may (possibility)
 I may take a vacation sometime soon.
 Susie wasn’t at home when I called. She might have been taking a
rest.
o Have (got) to/must (obligation)
 I have to see him/ I have got to see him/ I must see him.
 Do you have to see him?/Have you got to see him?
 No, I don’t have to see him./ No, I haven’t got to see him.
o Should/ought to/ must have + past participle (essential)
 He should not have forgotten to bring his passport. (he forgot to
bring his passport, that was not right)
 He must have been more careful. (he wasn’t careful though that was
absolutely necessary)
 He ought to have finished the job last week. (it was absolutely
necessary for him to finish the job last week, but he failed to do so)
o Should/ought to/had better (advice)
 I have to take my driver’s license test, but my car isn’t working.
 You should try to postpone the test.
5. Can/could (logical possibility)
 I can hear a strange noise. What can it be? (something is happening)

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  Where is Marry? She could/may/might be at the library (NOT She
can be at the library)
6. Can/could (asking for and giving permission)
 Can I use your computer? Yes, of course you can.
 Could I ask you something? Of course you can. (NOT of course you
could- more polite)
7. Need/must (necessity to do something)
 You must go now. – No, you needn’t go just yet, you can stay a little
longer.
8. Must not and am/is/are not to (prohibition)
 He is not to come before seven.
 He mustn’t tell me.

Exercises
Instruction 1: Make the following sentences refer to the past.
o You must do it at once.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o You’ll have to read it again.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o He says I’m not to be trusted.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o We shall have to leave in the morning.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o I’m not to repeat it.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o You are not to choose a green one.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o She mustn’t go home alone.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o He mustn’t read the whole book.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o We have to begin before five o’clock.
_____________________________________________________________________________
o I must work hard as I can.
_____________________________________________________________________________

Instruction 2: Choose the correct modal.

How to Be Healthy

Good health is a wonderful thing, but you (can’t/couldn’t) take it for

granted. For good health, you (must/should) eat nutritious foods, and you
(must be/should be) physically active each day. You (have to/must) be aware

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 of the things that you choose to eat, and you (have to/must) make time in
your daily schedule for physical activity.
Eating right and being physically active aren’t just a ‘diet’ or a
‘program’ – they are keys to a healthy lifestyle. With healthful habits, you
(may/will) reduce your risk of many chronic diseases such as heart disease
and diabetes, and you (may/will) very well increase your chances for a
longer life. You (should/might) even live to be more than 100 years old!

6. Writing: Simple Sentence

Exercises
Instruction 1: Work with modals and use the structure as given below to
complete the riddle. Number 1 has been done for you.
1. In an airplane
She can listen to music or watch movie.
She must have a ticket.
She doesn’t have to stay in her seat.
She must not smoke.
She should relax and enjoy herself.

2. In a movie theater
You can _____________________________________________________________
You must ___________________________________________________________
You don’t have to __________________________________________________
You must not _______________________________________________________
You should __________________________________________________________

3. In a bus
I can _____________________________________________________________
I must ___________________________________________________________
I don’t have to __________________________________________________
I must not _______________________________________________________
I should __________________________________________________________

4. At school
They can _____________________________________________________________
They must ___________________________________________________________
They don’t have to __________________________________________________
They must not _______________________________________________________
They should __________________________________________________________

5. At college
We can _____________________________________________________________
We must ___________________________________________________________

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 We don’t have to __________________________________________________
We must not _______________________________________________________
We should __________________________________________________________

6. In a mosque
You can _____________________________________________________________
You must ___________________________________________________________
You don’t have to __________________________________________________
You must not _______________________________________________________
You should __________________________________________________________

7. In a coffee-shop
He can _____________________________________________________________
He must ___________________________________________________________
He doesn’t have to __________________________________________________
He must not _______________________________________________________
He should __________________________________________________________

8. In a modern market
I can _____________________________________________________________
I must ___________________________________________________________
I don’t have to __________________________________________________
I must not _______________________________________________________
I should __________________________________________________________

9. In a cemetery
We can _____________________________________________________________
We must ___________________________________________________________
We don’t have to __________________________________________________
We must not _______________________________________________________
We should __________________________________________________________

10. In a farmland
He can _____________________________________________________________
He must ___________________________________________________________
He doesn’t have to __________________________________________________
He must not _______________________________________________________
He should __________________________________________________________

Instruction 2: Write a short paragraph (10 lines) related to the topic

below!
“Some people believe that a college or university education should be
available to all students. Others believe that higher education should be
available only to good students. Discuss these views. Which view do you
agree with? Explain why?”

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Answer:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

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 UNIT 10
GO SHOPPING
1. Useful Expression: Shopping List
1. Ounce : ons
2. Kilo(s) : kg
3. A package of… : sekantung….
4. A bar of…. : sebatang….
5. A tin of…/a can of… : sekaleng….
6. A loaf of bread : sebuah roti tawar
7. A carton of… : sekardus…

Exercises:
Instruction 1: Label the pictures of food and drink

Instruction 2: Listen again. Complete Andy's shopping list.

We need:
Some butter (1 packet)

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 ………………………. (1 kilo)
………………………. (1/2 kilo)
………………………. (……bars)
………………………. (………………………..)
………………………. (………………………..)
Instruction 3: What have Judy and Andy got in the fridge? Write four more
sentences.
Example:
They've got some salad in the fridge.
1. …………………………………………..
2. …………………………………………..
3. …………………………………………..
4. …………………………………………..
(Johnston, Olivia. 2001. Listening Activities. Recanati: ELI)
2. Listening : At the Shopping Center
Instruction: Listen the dialogues below
1. Buying clothes
Shop-assistant : Hello, Can I help you
Buyer : Yes, I am looking for a shirt
Shop-assistant : What size are you?
Buyer : I am a large
Shop-assistant : How about this one
Buyer : Yes, that’s nice. Can I try it on?
Shop-assistant : Certainty, the changing rooms are over there
Buyer : Thank you
Shop-assistant : How does it fit?
Buyer : It’s too small. Do you have an extra-large?
Shop-assistant : Yes, here you are
Buyer : Thank you. I’ll have it please
Shop-assistant : OK, how would you like to pay?
Buyer : Do you take credit cards?
Shop-assistant : Yes, we do. Visa, Master Card and American Express

98
Buyer : Ok, here’s my Visa
Shop-assistant : Thank you. Have a nice day
Buyer : Thank you good bye

2. Asking for the way

Buyer : Hi, I wanted to buy oats, Can you help me out?
Shop-assistant : Sure Sir which brand are you looking for?
Buyer : I am looking for Kelloggs. On which counter will I find it?
Shop-assistant : It’s counter three. It’s at the back, near the dairy section
Buyer : Thanks. Will I find the other brand on the same counter?
Shop-assistant : Yes we have all the major brands displayed there
Buyer : OK, thanks for your help
Shop-assistant : You are welcome
3. Checking if credit cards are accepted
Buyer : Hi, I got some stuff and now I am wondering. Do you take
credit cards?
Cashier : Yes Sir we do!
Buyer : Do you accept cards from all banks?
Cashier : Yes Sir, Any American Bank would do
Buyer : I have a Citibank credit card
Cashier : That would be fine sir. Can I have your card to swipe?
Buyer : Sure, here it is
4. Asking for Discount
Buyer : I have a loyalty card from here. Will that grand me any
discount?
Shop-assistant : Yes Sir. It will get you 5% off on the total purchase
Buyer : Can I club it with another discount card?
Shop-assistant : No Sir. I am sorry. That’s not allowed
Buyer : OK. That’s

99
3. Speaking : Buying Something
Instruction 1: Order your partner to make shopping list
Example: we need a kilo of sugar, two kilos of rice, a package of tea, ounce of
coffee, a cartoon of aqua.

Instruction 2: Make a dialogue

You want to buy some items in the traditional market. Practice in pairs (One
as seller and the other as seller). Do not forget to bargain.

4. Reading: Arabic loan

Pre-Reading
Instruction: before reading the text, answer the questions below
1. Have you ever found Arabic words used in other languages?
2. Can you mention some of them?
3. Is the meaning of it similar to the Arabic word?

Reading text
Arabic Loan Words
Arabic is one of the world’s great language.
It is graceful script, magnificent style and rich
vocabulary give the language a unique character
and flavor. The origins of Arabic language go
back to pre-Islamic Arabia, where tribes spoke
local Arabic dialects.
With the spread of Islam, Arabic began its journey from being a regional
language, to becoming an international language of major importance. As the
Arabic language spread in Spain in the 8th century, its influence on European
language began. During this period, the Spanish language acquired a large number
of words from Arabic. Many place names in Spain bear witness to their Arabic past,

100
such as the famous “Alhambra” palace in Granada. Its name originates from the
Arabic word “al-hamraa”, meaning “the red”.
Arabic loan words have also found their way into many other European
languages. To the name a few, the English words “admiral”, “algebra”, “coffee” and
“giraffe”, are Arabic origin. Many languages in the Muslim world have, to varying
degrees, been influenced by Arabic. Persian is strongly Arabized in both
vocabulary and grammar. Urdu-the official language of Pakistan and one of the
major language s in India-also contains a great many words of Arabic origin.

Exercise
Instruction: Answer the questions below based on the text above
1. Why does Arabic state as the language which has a unique character and
flavor?
2. When id Arabic begin its journey from being a regional language?
3. What happened toward European language when the Arabic language
spread in Spain in the 8th century?
4. What did Spanish language obtain from Arabic language in the 8th century?
5. In what ways is Persian language influenced by Arabic language?
6. Find the similar meaning of the words below?
a. Graceful =…………………..
b. Acquire =…………………..
c. Spread =…………………..
d. Influence =…………………..
e. Famous =…………………..
7. What does the underlined words below refers to?
a. It is graceful script, magnificent style and rich vocabulary give the
language a unique character and flavor. “It” refers to…………………
b. Its name originates from the Arabic word “al-hamraa”, meaning “the red”.
“Its” refers to…………………
c. Arabic loan words have also found their way into many other European
languages. “Their” refers to…………………

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5. Grammar
Passive Voice
Pattern:

Pattern:
Be + Past Participle(V3)
Be:
V1  is, am, are
V2  was, were
V3  been
Ving  being

102
 Active Passive
Mary helps the boy. The boy is helped by Mary
Mary is helping the boy. The boy is being helped by Mary
Mary has helped the boy. The boy has been helped by Mary
Mary helped the boy. The boy was helped by Mary
Mary was helping the boy. The boy was being helped by Mary
Mary had helped the boy. The boy had been helped by Mary
Mary will help the boy. The boy will be helped by Mary
Mary is going to help the boy. The boy is going to be helped by
Mary will have helped the boy. Mary
The boy will have been helped by
Mary
Use the passive
• To move important information (the object of the active sentence) to the
beginning.
Example: Two men are being questioned by the police
The new swimming pool has just been opened
• When we want to be impersonal and not mention the name of the person
who performs the action. We often use the passive in scientific or technical
processes.
Example: Oil and gas are found beneath the ground or sea.
The plastic casings are produced in China.
• When it is obvious who performed the action, e.g. teachers, or we do not want
to use a general subject e.g. people, they.
Example: Aztec boys were trained to fight.
Two missing children have been found safe and well.
All pupils are taught computer skills.
The match has been cancelled.
The workers have been told that the factory will close next week.
• More often in formal speech and writing than in everyday speech.
Transitive and intransitive
Verbs which have an object are called transitive verbs; verbs without an object are
intransitive.
Only transitive verbs can be made passive.
Transitive :
Subject verb object
I lost my wallet on the way to school.
Intransitive

103
 I swim - everyday.

Use by
• When it is important to know the 'agent' or person who performed the
action
Example: Some countries have been harmed by tourism.
• Only when it is really necessary.
Example: The two men were arrested, (by the police - this is obvious)
Use with
• For objects which perform actions.
Example: The game was played with a ball of solid rubber

Exercises
Instruction 1: Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct
form, present or past:
Damage hold invite make cause
Overtake show surround translate write
1 Many accidents.....are caused.....by dangerous driving.
2 Cheese........................................................................ from milk.
3 The roof of the building........................................................................in a storm a few
days ago.
4 You........................................................................to the wedding. Why didn't you go?
5 A cinema is a place where films.....................................................
6 In the United States, elections for president............................. every four years.
7 Originally the book........................................................................in Spanish, and a few
years ago it ................................. into English.
8. Although we were driving quite fast, we...........................................by a lot of other
cars.
9. You can't see the house from the road. It......................................................by trees.

Instruction 2: Change the sentences from active to passive

1. Ms. Hopkins invited me to dinner.
I was invited to dinner by Ms. Hopkins.
2. A thief stole Ann's purse.

104
 Ann's purse was stolen by a thief.
3. Thomas Edison invented the phonograph.
4. Water surrounds an island.
5. A plumber is going to fix the leaky faucet.
6. A doctor has examined the sick child.
7. A large number of people speak Spanish.
8. Helicopters fascinate children.
9. This news will amaze you.
10. Did a cat kill the bird?
11. My cat didn't kill the bird.
12. Do a large number of people speak French?
13. Is the janitor going to fix the window?
14. Will a maid clean our hotel room?
15. Does the hotel provide clean towels?
16. Sometimes my inability to understand spoken English frustrates me.

Instruction 3: Read the information about urban development. Then complete the
text with the present perfect passive or past perfect passive form of the verbs in
brackets.
In many countries in recent years, areas of urban land which were once used
for industrial purposes (redevelop) have been redeveloped for other
purposes. In London, for example, the Docklands (transform)
………………………………… since the 1980s. The docks (built)
……………………………………in the 19th century when London was a busy port,
but by the 1980s, most business d (lose) and many docks (close)
……………………………………. This left large areas of derelict land, and many
people without jobs. Since the 1980s.£10 billion (€147 billion) (spend)
……………………………………on the project. 600 hectares of derelict land
(improve) ……………………………………90 km of new roads (build)
……………………………………80.000 new jobs (create) ……………………………………
and 24.000 new homes (construct) …………………………………… In addition to
this, 100,000 new trees (plant) ………………………………… and 130 hectares of

105
 parks (create) …………………………………… Cultural venues such as the
Docklands Arena in (open) …………………………………… Some local people do
not agree with all the things that n (do) …………………, as houses here are
expensive, and most jobs are in media IT or business. On the other hand, a
declining area of the city (give) …………………………………… a new lease of life.

6. Writing: Biography
Exercises
Instruction 1: Arrange the paragraphs below into a good composition
1. Her campaign has not always been popular. Mrs Maathai was arrested
several times for campaigning against deforestation in Africa, and once
she was beaten unconscious by heavy handed police. But in elections in
2002, she was elected as an MP as part of an opposition coalition which
swept to power, and she was appointed as a deputy environment
minister in 2003.
2. Thousands of trees were cut down and many families were left in
poverty as a result. Since then, her successful campaign to mobilize
women to plant some 30 million trees e were copied by other countries.
During that time the movement was transformed into a campaign on
education, nutrition and other issues.
3. Wangari Mathaai was awarded a Nobel Prize in 2004. She was praised
by the Nobel Committee as a source for everyone in Africa fighting for
sustainable development, democracy and peace'. When she started her
Green Belt movement in 1977, Kenya was suffering from deforestation
and desertification.

A. Instruction 2: Make a story about your experience in go shopping in the

mall/traditional market. Tell your unforgettable experience during go
shopping.

......................................................................................................................................................

106
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................

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 REFERENCES

Absi, Samir Abu. 2012. The Arabic Language., accessed from:

http://historyofislam.com/
Aldcorn, S.B and Richard, J.C. 2004.Basic Tactics for Listening, Second Edition. New
York: Oxford
Azar, Betty Schrampfer. 2003. Fundamental of English Grammar, Third Edition.
New York: Longman
Bolton, David and Noel Goodey, Grammar Practice in Context, London: Richard
Publishing, 1997
Daily Activities - Present Tense - ESL Classics - songs for learning English, accessed
from www.youtube.com
English for Islamic Studies, book 1, State College for Islamic Studies, STAIN Kediri
Press, 2011
How to tell the time in English - English lesson, accessed from www.youtube.com
https://conversationallyspeaking.wordpress.com/2014/02/05/clothing-vocab/
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/adverb.htm, accessed on June, the 28th 2015
http://grammar.ccc.comment.edu/grammar/adjectives.htm, accessed on June, the
28th 2015
Intensive Course Program, handbook 1-c Lesson 10-14, State College for Islamic
Studies, STAIN Kediri Press, 2000.
Intensive English Course, book 1, State College for Islamic Studies, STAIN Kediri
Press, 2013
Intensive English Course, book 2, State College for Islamic Studies, STAIN Kediri
Press, 2013
Johnston, Olivia. 2001. Listening Activities. Recanati: ELI
Mikulecky, B.S., & Jeffries, L., Reading power, USA: Addison Wesley Publishing,
1996.

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Murphy, Raymond. 2005. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press
Our teachers-My daily routine, accessed from www.youtube.com
Powell, Debra, Eds. 2005. Grammar Practice for Upper Intermediate Student. New
York: Longman
Shopping. Everyday conversation (dialogue 2-9). YouTube.com
Vince, Michael. 2008. Macmillan English Grammar. Thailand: Macmillan
Woodward, Suzanne W., Fun with Grammar, Ney Jersey, Prentice Hall Regents,
1997
--------------.2005. What is Arabic Language, accessed from: myeasyarabic.com
-----------------, Buying at the supermarket-shopping English lesson, accessed from
YouTube.com
-----------------, Let’s Go Shopping!(English lesson), accessed from YouTube.com
-----------------, Shopping listening activity, accessed from YouTube.com

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