No of answer copies: 4____

ANSWER KEY
HALF-YEARLY EXAMINATION (2023- 2024)

CLASS: XII
SUBJECT: PHYSICS SET A M.M:70
DATE: 11.09.2023

General Instructions:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQs and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each,
Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each,
Section D contains two case study-based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer
questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B, one
question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have to
attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary:

Section A
1 (c) 2 mC Explanation: T = pEsin@ => 4 = q(0.02)(1000X200)(0.5)
2
F12 q1 q2 F21
(a) q1 q2> 0 , Either both are positive or negative.
3 not the property of an equipotential surface
(c ) For a uniform electric field, they are concentric spheres.
4 (b) material A is germanium and material B is copper
5 (d) 6 A in the clockwise direction
Explanation: Bp=Bq => Ip/Iq = Rp/Rq = > Ip/9 = 2/3 => Ip = 6 A, clockwise to cancel the
effect of the magnetic field due to current in loop Q anti-clock wise

6 (c) two times that of the proton.

Ta/Tp= (2πma )(qpB)/(2πmp)qaB = (ma )(qp)/(mp)qa = 4m*q/m2q = 2 => Ta = 2 Tp
7 (a) √2 M Explanation: vector addition for two vectors at 90o

8. (a) Clock wise ( Hint: use of Lenz law)

9 (c) frequency, the square of the length, and the magnetic field (as e = Bl2w/2)
10 (c) effective resistance due to capacity(capacitance)
11 (d) both (b) and (c) (Since either case includes Acceleration of charge so…)
12 (c) 1.5 × 108 ms-1
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 Explanation: Sin ic = (1/n) = v/c => 0.5 = v/ 3 x 108 => v = 1.5 x 108 m/s

13 Assertion : Electric field outside the conducting wire which carries a constant is zero. A
Reason : Net charge on conducting wire is zero.
A. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Explanation: No net charge is remain stationary.
14 Assertion : Diamagnetic materials can exhibit magnetism.
Reason : Diamagnetic materials have permanent magnetic dipole moment.
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
Correct option is (C) Diamagnetic material exhibits magnetism in reverse direction. Reason is a wrong
statement. Because due to absence of unpaired electron in diamagnetic material it does not exhibit permanent
magnet dipole moment.
15 Assertion: A capacitor is connected to a direct current source. Its reactance is infinite. A
Reason: Reactance of a capacitor is given by χc = 1/ωC.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct explanation for assertion.

16 Assertion: The focal length of the convex mirror will increase if the mirror is placed in water. D
Reason: The focal length of a convex mirror of radius R is equal to, f = 2R.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
Section B
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17 Derive E = kp/r
OR
17 Theory
18 theory On increasing the magnetic field how radius changes:--Decreases
19 =>e =L(dI/dt) => 200 = L (50) => L = 4 H
20 wattless current.: Current with No power consumption. For L or C power factor is Zero.
21 EM radiations with wavelength (i) λ1 are used to kill germs in water purifiers: Ultra radiation, (ii) λ2
are used in TV communication systems: Radio waves and (iii) λ3 play an important role in maintaining
earth’s temperature: Infrared-rays.
λ2> λ3> λ1
22 Theory
23 Theory
24 A closely wound solenoid 80 cm long has 5 layers of windings of 400 turns each. The diameter of the
solenoid is 1.8 cm. If the current carried is 8.0 A, estimate the magnitude of B inside the solenoid near
its centre.
Solution: B=onI= 4π x 10-7x5x400x8/0.8 = 8π x 10-3T =2.512 x 10-2 T
OR
24 A square coil of side 10 cm consists of 20 turns and carries a current of 12 A. The coil is suspended
vertically and the normal to the plane of the coil makes an angle of 30º with the direction of a uniform
horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 0.80 T. Then the magnitude of torque experienced by the coil
is ,
Solution: τ=NBIAsinθ=0.96 Nm (sin 30 =0.5)
25 The susceptibility of a magnetic material is - 0.8953. Identify the type of magnetic material. Draw the
modification of the magnetic field pattern by keeping a piece of this material in a uniform magnetic
field.
Answee Diamagnetic material since X is -ve.

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26 A light bulb(B) and an iron cored inductor connected to a AC battery through a switch (S). If iron core
is removed then brightness of bulb will be….
Answer: in XL = wL, on removing rode L decreases so XL decreases, and current increases so
brightness will increase.
27 The oscillating electric field in a plane EM wave is given by, Ez = 2400 Sin[ 2x 1011t + 300π x] N/C.
(i) Calculate the wavelength of the EM wave, (ii) Write the expression for the oscillating magnetic
field.
Ans: λ = 0.66 x 10-2m, Bo = Eo/c = 2400/3 x108 = 8 x10-6 T
B = 8 x10-6 Sin[ 2x 1011t + 300π x] T
28 Double-convex lenses are to be manufactured from a glass of refractive index 1.55, with both faces of
the same radius of curvature. the radius of curvature required if the focal length is to be 20cm is as…..
(1/f) = (n-1)[(1/R1)-(1/R2)]
= (1.55 -1) (2/R) (as R1 =R2 =R)
R =(0.55) (2*20) =0.55*40 = 5.5*4 = 22.0cm
29 Consider the experimental setup of the given figure below this jumping ring experiment is an
outstanding demonstration of some simple laws of physics. A conducting non-metal ring is placed
over the vertical core of a solenoid. When the current is passed through the solenoid, the ring is
thrown off.

Answer the following questions:

(i) Explain the reason of jumping of the ring when the switch is closed in the circuit.
(ii) What will happen if the terminals of a battery are reversed and the switch is closed?
(iii) Explain the two laws that help us to explain this phenomenon.
OR
(iii) Briefly explain the to increase the strength of the magnetic field produced by
solenoid.

Answer:
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30 As we know that, when light ray travels from one medium to another changes its direction of path
due to the change in optical density of the medium. When light ray travels from optically denser
medium to the optically rarer medium then some of the light get reflected back in the same
medium and remaining light get refracted in the second medium and such a phenomenon of light
is called as internal reflector light. We know that, when a ray of light travels from denser medium
to rarer medium then it get bended away from the normal. If we increase the angle of incidence
slowly then angle of refraction also get increased and at one stage the angle of refraction is 90°
for some angle of incidence. And further if we increase the angle of incidence then there will be
no refraction of light and the ray will be totally internally get reflected. Such phenomenon of
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reflection of light is called as total internal reflection of light. And the angle of incidence in denser
medium for which the angle of refraction in rarer medium is 90°, that angle of incidence is called
as critical angle. So we define total internal reflection as, if the angle of incidence exceeds the
critical angle then the total light get internally reflected. Mirage is the best real life example of
total internal reflection of light. The highly brilliance of diamonds is only due to the total internal
reflection of light through them which is get total internally reflected many times and causes
brilliance of diamonds. Prisms are also made by using total internal reflection of light. We all
know that, optics is the vast branch of physics which has vast application in our daily life such as
optical fibre. Optical fibre are used for long distance transmission of audio and video signal also.
And they are mainly constructed on the basis of total internal reflection of light to reduce the
decrease in amplitude of the sending signal.

(i) As the refractive index of the medium increases the corresponding value of critical angle for that
medium ____
(a) Decreases
b) increases
c) remains the same
d) independent of the refractive index of the medium
(ii) In case of total internal reflection, for angle of incidence greater than critical angle the refraction of
light is not possible because____
a) Snell’s law of refraction get satisfied
(b) Snell’s law of refraction cannot be satisfied
c) laws of refraction cannot be satisfied
d) can’t say
(iii) What is mean by optically denser and optically rarer medium?
Q 3.) Optical density is not related to mass density of the medium. Optical density is the simply
ratio of speed of light in two media. Optical density of the medium depends on the refractive
index of the medium mainly. More is the refractive index of the medium greater is the optical
density and such medium is called as optically denser medium.
Lower is the refractive index of the medium then lower it’s optical density also. Such medium with
lower refractive index is called as optically rarer medium. While speed of light is higher in rarer
medium than the speed of light in denser medium.
OR
(iii) How total internal reflection of light would be possible in the case of optical fibers?
Ans: Optical fibres are used mainly for long distance transmission of signals. They are made up
of high quality composite glass or quartz fibres which consists of core and cladding. The
refractive index of core is higher than the cladding. So core acts as a rarer medium and cladding
acts as the denser medium. The signal in the form of light is sended from one end of the fiber at
a particular angle of incidence so that the light must get totally internally reflected. In such a way,
the light gets totally internally reflected many times along the length of the fibre and finally will be
received at the other end without loss in intensity. In this way, by total internal reflection of light,
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 long-distance signal transmission is possible through optical fibres.
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instruments/#google_vignette

Section E
31 (a) State Gauss Theorem and derive an expression for electric field due to a hollow spherical shell with surface
charge density(σ) inside, outside, and on the shell.
(b) Two identical parallel plate (air) capacitors C1 and C2 have capacitance Co each. The space between their
plates is filled with dielectrics as shown in the figure. If both the capacitors have the same capacitance then
obtain the relation between dielectric constant K, K1, and K2.

Answer: (a) theory

(b) C1= KoA/d, C2 = oA/d(2K1K2/(K1+K2)) => K = 2K1K2/(K1+K2)
OR
31 (a) If two parallel plates have surface charge densities as + σ and – σ at certain distances, then what is c
the electric field (i) on the side of plate 1,(ii) on the side of plate 2 and (iii) between the plates 1 and 2?
Answer: EI = 0, EII = σ/o and EIII = 0,
(b) If a capacitor with a value of 600pF is charged with a 100V supply and then connected with a
similar uncharged capacitor. (i)What is the common potential of the new system(ii) what is the energy
change? What does this change signify?
Answer: V = (CV +C’V’)/C + C’= 600x10-12x100/2x600x10-12 = 50 V.

32 (a) The horizontal magnetic field at a certain place is 3.0 ×10–5 T (see figure below) and a very long straight conductor is
carrying a steady current of 1A. What is the force per unit length on it when it is placed on a horizontal table and the direction of
the current is in situations (a) and (b)?

Answer: (a)F =Bil, (b) F = 0

(b) Draw a schematic diagram of the moving coil galvanometer. Write principle used. Explain the
reason to use a cylinder of soft iron material.
Answer:Theory
OR
32 (a) A straight wire of mass 200 g and length 1.5 m carries a current of 2 A (along the + x-axis). It is
suspended in mid-air by a uniform horizontal magnetic field B applied normally to the x-axis. What is
the magnitude of the magnetic field?

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 Answer:
(b) State Ampere’s circuital law and derive an expression for the magnetic field produced due to a
current carrying a straight conductor.
Answer: Theory

33 (a) A figure below shows a bar magnet M falls under the gravity through an air core coil (c ) . Plot a
graph showing variation of induced emf (or potential difference, P.D.) with time(t). What does the
area enclosed by emf-time depict?

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 (b) If a metallic wheel of radius 60cm of a bicycle is rotating with angular velocity 120 rad/s and the
total numbers of spokes is 10, If the magnetic of the field is 0.4G, then what is the net emf generated?
Answe: e = Bl2w/2 = 0.4*10-4*0.60*0.60*120/2 = 8.64 mV

OR
33 (a) Derive an expression for motional emf using suitable diagram.
Answer: Theory
(b) State Lenz’s law and give a sense of induced currents (in coil 2) for the following situation when
viewed from the right-hand side of coil 2, using Lenz’s law.

Clock wise when seen from right side of coil 2, xryx.