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4th Year - Direct Design Method

تصميم خرسانة مسلحة

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civilz85en9ineeriing1
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8 views4 pages

4th Year - Direct Design Method

تصميم خرسانة مسلحة

Uploaded by

civilz85en9ineeriing1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Dijliah College

Department of civil Engineering

4th year – Concrete 3

Instructor : Dr . Mohammed Al Arraji

Lecture [ 5]

: In this Semester , we will cover the following items

Design of flat plate according to direct design method [ ACI -


318-14]&[ACI 318-19]

Design of concrete Ribbed slab [ ACI 318-19 ] -


The basic item in this semester is the Codes and Standards which are
the guide line for any civil engineer to design or construct the building
or bridge , dam,railway,highway …….etc

To study and design the concrete flat plate is ACI 318-14 .this code
is familiar in Iraq since long time ago , of course there are different
codes such as BS [British standards ], DIN [ German standard] , EN
.[ Europan standards ]…………………….etc

ACI mean American concrete institute ,this code cover most of the
.concrete structure such as Slabs , Beams , Columns ,footing………etc

There are other codes which control the construction materials such as
.ASTM ,AISC , AASHTO……etc

ASTM is for the mix design of concrete ,AISC is for steel structure ,
. AASHTO is for highway bridge and pavement

Concrete Flat Slab:the concrete slab which supported directly by


concrete column is called flat plate , ie there is no beams between the
.columns to support the slab [ see attached drawing ]
: There are 3types of flat plates

Flat plate with drop panel -


see attachéd sketch
Flat plate with column -
capital see attached sketch
and in this case called flat
. slab with column capital
Flat plate with both drop and -
capital , see attached

Tow way slab :it is any concrete slab of ratio of dimensions L2/L1 is
less than 2 . where L2 is the longer dimension and L1 is the lowest
.dimensiomn

Types of Loads :Dead Load which represent the weight of the


. concrete slab +weight of finishing

. Live Load : it is the weight of the humans +movable furniture

Wind Load : it is the force or pressure of the wind speed applied on


.the structure

Thermal Loads : it is the forces created due to change in


. temperature or heat

Seismic Force : it is the forces initiated on the foundation of the


. structure due to ground shaking

. Dynamic Loads:it is forces created by the vibrations of machines

.Liquid Loads: it is forces created by the pressure of water

In this course we will focus on 2-way concrete flat


plate ,and we will follow the direct design method stated in
ACI 318 -14 , chapter 8 .In this method ,it is assumed only
gravity loads which are Dead,and Live loads only .this mean we will
.neglect effects of other loads
Analysis of concrete flat Plate : the ACI 318-14 Chapter 8 page
119 stated that the 1st step in the analysis of the concrete flat plate is
to apply the limitations which the Direct Design Method required to be
available in the dimensions and sketch of the arrangement of columns
of the flat plate .If all the limitations of the ACI 318-14 ARE APPLIED ,
Then we can carry out and go to other steps of the analysis .But if one
of the limitations is not applied , then the Direct Design Method is not
. valid

: ACI Code Limitations


There should be at least 3 continuous spans in
each direction , if we look to our attached
example , we will find that the lyout of the flat
plate has 3 spans in the x and y direction so this
. condition is applied
The lengths of the successive spans in each
direction shall not fifer from each other by not
more than 1/3 of the longer span .if we apply
this condition on the example , then 6-6=0 and
this is less than 1/3 of the longer span i.e 1x6/3
=2 m so 0 is <2 o.k
The 3rd condition is , that each panel of the slab
is rectangular i.e L2 / L1 < 2 this means that the
panels of the flat slab are of dimensions which
can measure in the above method such as 6/6 is
=1 which is < 2 so the panels in our example are
. rectangular and this condition is verified
th
The 4 Condition or limit is belong the the
column alignment , All columns on the same row
should never shifted from each other more than
10% of the span in the direction of the offset , if
we focus on our example , we will find that all
columns in any direction is co inside on the same
line and there is no shifting at all . But if one of
the columns for some reasons is located not on
the same line for 300 mm , then if we want to
apply this condition , then 300 which is < 10% of
. 6000 then the condition is verified

The 5th Limitation as per ACI cod


The 6th Limitation of ACI code is that the ratio
between unfactored live load to unfactored
dead load is less than 2

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