PM SHRI KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA GACHIBOWLI, GPRA CAMPUS, HYD–32

PRACTICE PAPER 07 (2024-25)

CHAPTER 07 ALTERNATING CURRENT

SUBJECT: PHYSICS MAX. MARKS : 40

CLASS : XII DURATION : 1½ hrs
General Instructions:
(i). All questions are compulsory.
(ii). This question paper contains 20 questions divided into five Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii). Section A comprises of 10 MCQs of 1 mark each. Section B comprises of 4 questions of 2 marks
each. Section C comprises of 3 questions of 3 marks each. Section D comprises of 1 question of 5
marks each and Section E comprises of 2 Case Study Based Questions of 4 marks each.
(iv). There is no overall choice.
(v). Use of Calculators is not permitted
SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 10 carry 1 mark each.
1. The figure shows variation of current (I) with time (t) in four devices P, Q, R and S. The device
in which an alternating current flows is
(a) P (b) Q (c) R (d) S

2. An ac voltage v = v0 sint is applied to a series combination of a resistor R and an element X.

 
The instantaneous current in the circuit is I  I 0 sin  t   . Then which of the following is
 4
correct?
(a) X is a capacitor and XC = √2 R (b) X is an inductor and XL = R
(c) X is an inductor and XL = √2 R (d) X is a capacitor and XC = R

3. Which of the following graphs represent the variation of current (I) with frequency (f) in an AC
circuit containing a pure capacitor?

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4. An inductor, a capacitor and a resistor are connected in series across an ac source of voltage. If
the frequency of the source is decreased gradually the reactance of
(a) both the inductor and the capacitor decreases.
(b) inductor decreases and the capacitor increases.
(c) both the inductor and the capacitor increases.
(d) inductor increases and the capacitor decreases.

5. If an AC voltage is applied to an LCR circuit, which of the following is true?

(a) I and V are out of phase with each other in R.
(b) I and V are in phase in L while in C, they are out of phase.
(c) I and V are out of phase in both C and L.
(d) I and V are out of phase in L and in phase in C.

6. An ac circuit has a resistance of 12 ohm and an impedance of 15 ohm. The power factor of the
circuit will be
(a) 0.8 (b) 0.4 (c) 0.125 (d) 1.25

7. To reduce the resonant frequency in an LCR series circuit with a generator

(a) the generator frequency should be reduced.
(b) another capacitor should be added in parallel to the first.
(c) the iron core of the inductor should be removed.
(d) dielectric in the capacitor should be removed.

8. If the frequency of an AC is made 4 times of its initial value, the inductive reactance will be:
(a) 2 times (b) 3 times (c) 4 times (d) Unchanged

In the following questions 9 and 10, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

9. Assertion (A): The alternating current lags behind the emf by a phase angle of π/2, when AC
flows through an inductor.
Reason (R): The inductive reactance increase as the frequency of AC source decrease.

10. Assertion (A): In series LCR resonance circuit, the impedance is equal to the ohmic resistance.
Reason (R): At resonance, the inductive reactance exceeds the capacitive reactance.

SECTION – B
Questions 11 to 14 carry 2 marks each.
11. A capacitor C, a variable resistor R and a bulb B are connected in series to the ac mains in circuit
as shown. The bulb glows with some brightness. How will the glow of the bulb change if (i) a
dielectric slab is introduced between the plates of the capacitor, keeping resistance R to be the
same; (ii) the resistance R is increased keeping the same capacitance?

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12. An alternating voltage of frequency f is applied across a series LCR circuit. Let fr be the
resonance frequency for the circuit. Will the current in the circuit lag, lead or remain in phase
with the applied voltage when (i) f > fr, (ii) f < fr ? Explain your answer in each case.
OR
In a series LCR circuit, obtain the conditions under which (i) the impedance of the circuit is
minimum, and (ii) wattless current flows in the circuit.

13. Draw the graphs showing the variations of (i) inductive reactance, and (ii) capacitive reactance,
with frequency of applied voltages in ac circuit. How do the values of (i) inductive, and (ii)
capacitive reactance change, when the frequency of applied voltage is tripled?
OR
A light bulb and an open coil inductor are connected to an ac source through a key as shown in
the figure.

The switch is closed and after sometime, an iron rod is inserted into the interior of the inductor.
The glow of the light bulb (a) increases; (b) decreases; (c) is unchanged, as the iron rod is
inserted. Give your answer with reason. What will be your answer if ac source is replaced by a
dc source?

14. The coil of an ac generator consists of 100 turns of wire, each of area 0.5m2. The resistance of
the wire is 100 Ω. The coil is rotating in a magnetic field of 0.8 T perpendicular to its axis of
rotation, at a constant angular speed of 60 radian per second. Calculate the maximum emf
generated and power dissipated in the coil.

SECTION – C
Questions 15 to 17 carry 3 marks each.

15. (a) The graphs (i) and (ii) represent the variation of the opposition offered by the circuit element
to the flow of alternating current with frequency of the applied emf. Identify the circuit element
corresponding to each graph.

(b) Write the expression for the impedance offered by the series combinations of the above two
elements connected across the ac. Which will be ahead in phase in this circuit, voltage or
current?

16. Show that the current leads the voltage in phase by π/2 in an ac circuit containing an ideal
capacitor.

17. The figure shows the graphical variation of the reactance of a capacitor with frequency of ac
source.
(a) Find the capacitance of the capacitor.

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 (b) An ideal inductor has the same reactance at 100 Hz frequency as the capacitor has at the same
frequency. Find the value of inductance of the inductor.
(c) Draw the graph showing the variation of the reactance of this inductor with frequency.

OR
250
A resistor of 30 Ω and a capacitor of μF are connected in series to a 200 V, 50 Hz ac source.

Calculate (i) the current in the circuit, and (ii) voltage drops across the resistor and the capacitor
(iii) Is the algebraic sum of these voltages more than the source voltage? If yes, solve the
paradox.

SECTION – D
Questions 18 carry 5 marks.

18. (a) With the help of a labelled diagram, describe briefly the underlying principle and working of
a step-up transformer.
(b) Write any two sources of energy loss in a transformer.
(c) A step-up transformer converts a low input voltage into a high output voltage. Does it violate
law of conservation of energy? Explain.
OR
Describe briefly, with the help of a labelled diagram, the basic elements of an ac generator.
State its underlying principle. Show diagrammatically how an alternating emf is generated by a
loop of wire rotating in a magnetic field. Write the expression for the instantaneous value of the
emf induced in the rotating loop.

SECTION – E (Case Study Based Questions)

Questions 19 to 20 carry 4 marks each.
19. LCR circuit:
Phasor technique is used to determine the amplitude and phase of current for an LCR series
circuit. The solution at v = 0 is called the transient solution. Impedance diagram can be made for
LCR circuit which is a right angle triangle. The AC curent in each elements of LCR is same at
any time having same amplitude and phase. i = im sin (t + φ).

(i) What will be the length of the phasor in LCR circuit?

(a) VRm = imR, VLm = im XL, VCm = im XC

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 (b) VRm = imR, VLm ≠ im XL, VCm = im XC
(c) VRm = im XC, VLm = im R, VCm = im XL
(d) None of these

(ii) I is the current in the circuit and VR, VL and VC represent the voltage across circuit. What is
the phase difference between I and VL?
(a) VL is parallel to I (b) VL and I in same line

(c) VC is ahead of I by (d) None of the above
2

(iii) How does the phase angle f depends on VC and VL?

(a) tan ϕ = VCm + VLm (b) tan ϕ = VCm – VLm
(c) tan ϕ ≠ VCm (d) None of the above

(iv) The phenomena of resonance occurs. When system

(a) oscillates at certain frequency. (b) is having L and C.
(c) is having R and L only. (d) none of the above.
OR
(iv) What is the condition for minimum impedance?
(a) XC = XL (b) XC ≠ XL (c) XC = XR (d) XC ≠ XR

20. Power Associated with LCR Circuit:

In an a.c. circuit, values of voltage and current change every instant. Therefore, power of an a.c.
circuit at any instant is the product of instantaneous voltage (E) and instantaneous current (I).
The average power supplied to a pure resistance R over a complete cycle of a.c. is P = EvIv.
When circuit is inductive, average power per cycle is EvIvcosφ.

In an a.c. circuit, 600 mH inductor and a 50 F capacitor are connected in series with 10 Ω
resistance. The a.c. supply to the circuit is 230 V, 60 Hz.

(i) The average power transferred per cycle to resistance is

(a) 10.42 W (b) 15.25 W (c) 17.42 W (d) 13.45 W

(ii) The average power transferred per cycle to capacitor is

(a) zero (b) 10.42 W (c) 17.42 W (d) 15 W

(iii) The average power transferred per cycle to inductor is

(a) 25 W (b) 17.42 W (c) 16.52 W (d) zero

(iv) The total power transferred per cycle by all the three circuit elements is
(a) 17.42 W (b) 10.45 W (c) 12.45 W (d) zero
OR
(iv) The electrical energy spend in running the circuit for one hour is
(a) 7.5 × 105 Joule (b) 10 × 103 Joule (c) 9.4 × 103 Joule (d) 6.2 × 104 Joule

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