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Resultant Forces IGCSE

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18 views

Resultant Forces IGCSE

Uploaded by

bakirovayegana10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Resultant Forces (CIE IGCSE

Physics)
Yegana Bakirova.
https://www.savemyexams.com/igcse/physics/cie/23/revision-notes/1-motion-forces--energy/1-4-
effects-of-forces/1-4-1-resultant-forces/

Forces – Basics

Types of forces

Contact forces are forces exerted when two objects are in touch or
contact. For example; - A force exerted by a stretched or compressed
spring. - An upward force exerted by a table on a box resting on it

Non-contact forces are forces exerted without body contact. They are forces
acting at a distance. Gravitational force, magnetic force and electrical forces
are examples of non – contact forces.
Effects of a force

When a force is exerted on a body, the body may change its shape or size

Permanent Deformation – Also known


as plastic deformation, it is irreversible. It is a type of deformation
that stays even after the removal of applied forces.
Temporary Deformation – Also known as elastic deformation, it is
reversible. It is a type of deformation that disappears after the
removal of applied forces.
Elastic Deformation: A temporary change in the form of an object due to an applied
stress, which reverts to its original shape once the stress is removed. Imagine a rubber
band. As you pull it, it stretches. However, once you let go, it promptly returns to its
original shape.

 A force is defined as:

A push or a pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object

 Forces can affect bodies in a variety of ways:


o Changes in speed: forces can cause bodies to speed up or slow down
o Changes in direction: forces can cause bodies to change their direction of
travel

o Changes in shape: forces can cause bodies to stretch, compress,
or deform

Different forces

The effects of different forces on objects

Resultant Forces on a Straight Line

 A resultant force is a single force that describes all of the forces


operating on a body
 When many forces are applied to an object they can be combined
(added) to produce one final force which describes the combined
action of all of the forces
 This single resultant force determines:
o The direction in which the object will move as a result of all of
the forces
o The magnitude of the final force experienced by the object
 The resultant force is sometimes called the net force
Forces can combine to produce

o Balanced forces
o Unbalanced forces
 Balanced forces mean that the forces have combined in such a way that they
cancel each other out and no resultant force acts on the body

o For example, the weight of a book on a desk is balanced by
the normal force of the desk
o As a result, no resultant force is experienced by the book, the book and
the table are equal and balanced
A book resting on a table is an example of balanced forces

 Unbalanced forces mean that the forces have combined in such a way that they
do not cancel out completely and there is a resultant force on the object
o For example, imagine two people playing a game of tug-of-war, working
against each other on opposite sides of the rope
o If person A pulls with 80 N to the left and person B pulls with 100 N to the
right, these forces do not cancel each other out completely
o Since person B pulled with more force than person A the forces will be
unbalanced and the rope will experience a resultant force of 20 N to the
right
A tug-of-war is an example of when forces can become
unbalanced

 Resultant forces can be calculated by adding or subtracting


all of the forces acting on the object
o Forces working in opposite directions
are subtracted from each other
o Forces working in the same direction
are added together
 If the forces acting in opposite directions are equal in size,
then there will be no resultant force – the forces are said to
be balanced

Diagram showing the resultant forces on three different objects


 Imagine the forces on the boxes as two people pushing on either side
o In the first picture, the two people are evenly matched - the box doesn't
move
o In the second picture, the two people are pushing on the same side of the
box, it moves to the right with their combined strength
o In the third picture, the two people are pushing against each other and are
not evenly matched, so there is a resultant force to the left

Step 1: Add up all of the forces directed to the right

4 N + 8 N = 12 N

Step 2: Subtract the forces on the right from the forces on the left

14 N – 12 N = 2 N

Step 3: Evaluate the direction of the resultant force

o The force to the left is greater than the force to the right therefore the
resultant force is directed to the left

Step 4: State the magnitude and direction of the resultant force

The resultant force is 2 N to the left


https://cdn.savemyexams.com/uploads/5/0/8/7/50878855/6.5-resultant_forces-high_demand-qp-
_aqa-gcse-combined_science-physics_.pdf

https://cdn.savemyexams.com/uploads/2019/05/152-F-ma-_-Resultant-forces-Topic-Booklet-1-CIE-
IGCSE-Physics_md.pdf

https://www.madasmaths.com/archive/maths_booklets/mechanics/m1_resultants.pdf

https://pastpapers.papacambridge.com/viewer/caie/igcse-physics-0625-topical-past-papers-physics-
topical-past-papers-general-physics-12-motion-topic-booklet-1-cie-igcse-physics-md-pdf

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