MARKING SCHEME

MSALURA COMMUNITY DAY SECONDARY SCHOOL

2022 END OF TERM 1 FORM 4 EXAMINATION
PHYSICS
(100 marks)
Monday, 2nd March Subject Number: M022/I
Time allowed: 2 hrs
PAPER I
Instructions:
 This paper contains 8 pages, please check.
 Answer all the 10 questions
 Before beginning, fill in your name at the top of each page of the question paper.
 Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.
Section A (70 marks)
1.
a. State any two branches of physics.
 Mechanics  Properties of matter
 Electricity and magnetism  Nuclear physics
 Oscillations and waves (2 marks)
b. Force is defined as mass multiplied by acceleration (F = ma). The SI unit of force is the
Newton. What is 1N in base units?
 kgm/s2 (2 marks)
c. Describe the scientific approach employed in the study of physics.
 The scientific method consists of making observations ,asking questions, formulating
a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and drawing conclusions (5 marks)
2.
a. What is the difference between ‘heat capacity’ and ‘specific heat capacity’?

Heat capacity is the heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by
1K or (1 ) while specific heat capacity is the heat energy required to change the
temperature of a substance of mass 1kg by 1 (2 marks)
b. How much energy is needed to increase the temperature of 500g of lead from 20 C to
45 C? (specific heat capacity of lead is 128J/Kg C)

(4 marks)

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c. Give any two applications of specific heat capacity in everyday life.
 Materials with high specific heat capacities are used as coolants
 Substances with low specific heat capacities are used to make cooking utensils
 Sensitive thermometers are made from materials with low specific heat capacity
 Handles in cooking utensils are made from materials with high specific heat capacity
 Water consumed by human beings regulates the temperature of the body since water
has high specific heat capacity
 Land breeze and sea breeze (2 marks)
d. State any three ways in which heat is transferred.
 Conduction
 Convection
 radiation (3 marks)
3. Figure 1 is a circuit diagram.

a. Name the components labelled X and Y.

X: Battery (1 mark)
Y: Fuse (1 mark)
b. Calculate the total resistance in the circuit.
Total resistance of 10 and 20 in series

Total resistance of two 30 in parallel

Total resistance is 15
(5 marks)
c. Calculate the current in the 30Ω resistor.

(3 marks)

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d. Work out the voltage across the 10 Ω resistor

(3 marks)
4.
a. State two factors that affect pressure exerted by solids.
 The force between the surfaces
 The area of contact between the two surfaces. (2 marks)
b. A spacecraft of mass 1200 kg lands on the surface of a planet. The gravitational field
strength on the surface of the planet is 5·0 N/kg. The spacecraft rests on three pads. The
total area of the three pads is 1·5 m2.calculate the pressure exerted by these pads on the
surface of the planet.

(4 marks)
c. Why a hydraulic press is called a force multiplier?
 because it is based on Pascal’s principle, where a small force is applied on a smaller
piston to produce a larger force on a larger piston (2 marks)
d. A pressure of 50 000 Pa is exerted by a column of water at the base of a container. Calculate
the height of the water column. (Density of Water = 1 000 kg/m3; g = 10N/Kg).

(3 marks)

5. During a BMX competition, a cyclist freewheels down a slope and up a ‘kicker’ to complete
a vertical jump as shown below:

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The cyclist and bike have a combined mass of 75 kg. At point X the cyclist and bike have a
speed of 8·0 m/s
a. Calculate the kinetic energy of the cyclist and bike at point X.

(3 marks)
b. Calculate the maximum height of the jump above point X.
KE = PE = mgh
2400J = 75kg 10N/kg h

h=

h = 3.2m
(3 marks)
c. Explain why the actual height of the jump above point X would be less than the height
calculated in (b)
 Because some energy has been lost as heat and sound due to friction/air resistance
(1 mark)
6. Graph 1 shows linear motion of a boat in a rowing event.

a. Name two horizontal forces acting on the boat

 forward force (thrust or push(ing) force)
 friction (water resistance, drag) (2 marks)
b. Describe the motion of the boat between 25 s and 450 s.
 constant speed or constant velocity (1 mark)
c. Calculate the acceleration of the boat during the first 25 s.

(3 marks)
d. Calculate the total distance travelled by the boat.

4.8

(3 marks)
e. Calculate the average velocity of the boat.

(3 marks)
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7.
a. State the Boyle’s law
 This law states that the volume occupied by a fixed mass of gas is inversely
proportional to the pressure provided that the temperature remains constant. (1 mark)
b. A syringe containing a fixed mass of air of volume 150 mm3 is connected to a pressure
meter. The reading on the pressure meter is 120 kPa. The volume of air inside the syringe is
now changed to 100 mm3.The temperature of the air in the syringe remains constant. What
is the reading on the pressure meter now?

(3 marks)
5
c. The pressure of a fixed mass of gas is 6·0 x 10 Pa. The temperature of the gas is 27 ºC and
the volume of the gas is 2·5 m3.The temperature of the gas increases to 54 ºC and the
volume of the gas increases to 5·0 m3. Calculate the new pressure of the gas?

(3 marks)
Section B (30 marks)
8.
a. State any three properties of vectors.
 A vector has magnitude(size)
 A vector has direction
 In vector diagrams, a vector can be moved from one position to another as long as the
magnitude and direction are maintained
 When a vector is reversed, it is assigned a negative value (3marks)
b. Two forces of magnitude 140 N and 320 N are being used to pull a boat at an angle of 45°
each other. Find the resultant force by using a scale diagram. (Use a scale of 1 cm to
represent 40 N)

(7 marks)
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9.
a. Explain the difference in total resistance between similar resistors connected in series and
parallel.
 When resistors are in series, the combined resistance is the sum of the individual
resistance and is greater than any individual resistance. In case of connecting resistors
in parallel, the combined resistance is the sum of the reciprocal of all resistances, and
is thus less than the resistance of the smallest individual resistor. (4 marks)

b. Explain why a voltmeter is connected in parallel while an ammeter is connected in series.


A voltmeter is used to measure potential difference across two points in an electrical
circuit hence the need to measure two different points. Whereas an ammeter is
measuring an amount of electricity flow which needs to measure only one point.
Therefore voltmeter is connected in parallel while ammeter is connected in series
OR
 Ammeter is always connected in series because it has low internal resistance, when
ammeter is connected in parallel to the circuit, net resistance of the circuit decreases.
Hence more current is drawn from the battery, which damages the ammeter while
voltmeter is always connected in parallel because it has high internal resistance, if
connected in series it will increase net resistance of the circuit and reduce the current
in the circuit. (4 marks)
10. With the aid of a well labelled diagram, describe how a manometer works to measure gas
pressure.

 A manometer consists of the u-tube glass which contains mercury and a scale.
 Before supplying gas, the height A and B are at the same level.
 Then you supply gas which you want to measure its pressure.
 The supplied gas pushes down the surface of mercury A, and pushes up the surface B.
 The difference between A and B is called height difference.
 This difference equals to excess pressure in mm of mercury, so you can measure the
gas pressure by the following calculation:
 gas pressure = atmospheric pressure + excess pressure in mm of mercury
(12 marks)
END OF QUESTION PAPER

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