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105-127 Beam Lecture

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8 views

105-127 Beam Lecture

Uploaded by

Romel Vingua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analysis and Design of Beams

Using Strength Design Method


Chapter 4
Introduction
• Beams are structural members that are primarily subjected to flexure or bending.
• There are two philosophies of design that are used to analyze the beam sections – (1)
Working Stress Design Method and (2) Ultimate Strength Design Method.
• In the Ultimate Strength Design, now called as Strength Design Method, the service
loads are increased by factors to obtain the load at which failure is considered to be
imminent. This load is called the factored load or factored service load.
• The Strength Design Method requires the conditions of static equilibrium and strain
compatibility across the depth of the section to be satisfied.
• The cross-sectional dimensions of a flexural member and the required amount of
flexural reinforcement at critical sections are determined using strength and
serviceability requirements of the code.
Introduction
• For flexure, design strength for at all sections shall satisfy

𝒏 𝒖

Where 𝒏 is the design strength of the member at a particular section and,

𝒖 is the moment dues to the factored loads, which is commonly referred to as the
factored design moment.
Design Assumptions for Concrete
NSCP 2015, Sec. 422.2.2
Design Assumptions for Concrete
NSCP 2015, Sec. 422.2.2
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Types of Failure and Strain Limit

Three types of flexural failure of a structural member can be expected depending on the
percentage of steel used in the section.

1. Steel may reach its yield strength before the concrete reaches its maximum strength, in this case,
the failure is due to the yielding of steel reaching a high strain equal to or greater than 0.005. The
section contains a relatively small amount of steel lesser than what is required for balanced
condition and is called a TENSION-CONTROLLED SECTION.

2. The maximum strain at the extreme concrete compression fiber just reaches the crushing strain
𝜀 = 0.003 at the same time as the tension steel reaches a strain 𝜀 = 𝑓𝑦/𝐸𝑠 causing them to fail
simultaneously, the section is called a BALANCED SECTION.

3. Concrete may fail before the yield of steel, due to the presence of high percentage of steel in the
section more than what is required for balanced condition. In this case, the concrete strength and
its maximum strain of 0.003 are reached, but the steel stress is less than the yield strength, that
is, 𝑓𝑠 < 𝑓𝑦 . The strain in the steel is equal to or less than 0.002. This section is called a
COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED SECTION.
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
BALANCED CONDITION
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
BALANCED CONDITION
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
MAXIMUM CONDITION
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
MAXIMUM CONDITION
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
TENSION-CONTROLLED CONDITION
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
TENSION-CONTROLLED CONDITION
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Minimum Flexural Reinforcement in Non-Prestressed Beams (NSCP 2015, Sec. 409.6.1)
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Steps In Finding The Required Tension Steel Area As Of A Beam With Known
Required Moment Mu And Other Beam Properties:
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Steps In Finding The Required Tension Steel Area As Of A Beam With Known
Required Moment Mu And Other Beam Properties:
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Steps In Finding of a Beam with known Tension Steel Area As and other Beam
Properties:
Analysis and Design of a Singly-Reinforced
Rectangular Beam (SRRB)
Steps In Finding of a Beam with known Tension Steel Area As and other Beam
Properties:

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