Machine dynamic 2 HES 5310

Tutorial 6

1. An electric motor weighing 340 kg and running at 1800 rpm is supported on four steel
helical springs, each of which has a stiffness of 5230 N/m. the rotor of the motor has a
weight of 45.36 kg with its center of mass located at a distance of 0.254 mm from the axis of
rotation. Determine:
a. the amplitude of the steady state displacement of the motor
b. the magnitude of the force transmitted to the foundation
c. If the motor speed is increased by 20%, will the amplitude of the steady state
displacement change? By how much?
d. If the motor speed is increased by 20%, will the magnitude of the force transmitted
to the foundation change? By how much?
(a) 0.033 mm; (b) 0.712 N; (d) 0.005 N Ans.

2. The fan of a ventilation system has normal operating speed of 3600 rpm. The blade set of
the fan weighs 20 kg and mounted in mid – span of a relatively light shaft that is supported
on lubricated bearing at its two ends. The bending stiffness of the shaft at the location of the
fan is 4.0  1010 N/m. an equivalent damping ratio that acts on the possible whirling motion
of the shaft is 0.05. Because of fabrication error, the centroid of the fan has an eccentricity
of 1.0 cm from the neutral axis of rotation of the shaft.

a. Determine the critical speed of the fan system and the corresponding shaft deflection
at the location of the fan at steady state
b. What is the srteady – state shaft deflection at the fan during normal operation?
c. The fan was balanced subsequently using a mass of 5 kg. The centroid eccentricity
was reduced to 2 mm by this means. What is the shaft deflection at the fan during
normal operation now? Comment about the improvement that has been realized.
d. Suppose that a mass of 3 kg removed from the fan, which results in an eccentricity of
2 mm. what is the steady state deflection at the fan during normal operation.
(a) 10 cm; (b) 2.36 cm; (c) 1.126 cm ; (d) 0.3 cm Ans.
3. A machine has a mass of 100 kg and unbalanced reciprocating parts of mass 2 kg which
move through a vertical stroke of 80 mm with simple harmonic motion. The machine
mounted on four springs, symmetrically arranged with recpect to center of mass, in such a
way that the machine has one degree of freedom and can undergo vertical displacement
only.

a) Neglect the damping, calculate the combined stiffness of the spring in other that the force
transmitted to the foundation is 0.04 of applied force, when the speed of rotation of machine
crankshaft is 1000 rpm
b) When the machine is actually supported on the springs, it is found that the damping reduces
the amplitude of successive free vibrations by 25%. Find
1. The force transmitted to the foundation at 1000 rpm
2. The force transmitted to foundation at resonance.
3. the amplitude of the forced vibration of the machine at the resonance

(a) 42160 N/m; (b_1) 38.6 N; (b_2) 367 N; (b_3) 8.7 mm. Ans.

4. Problem (3-18) the rotor of a turbine 13.6 kg in mass is supported at the midspan of a shaft
with bearings 0.4064 m apart, shown in Figure 1. the rotor is known to have an unbalance
of 0.2879 kg.cm.
 Machine dynamic 2 HES 5310
a. Determine the force exerted on the bearings at a speed of 6000 rpm
b. if the diameter of the steel shaft is 2.54 cm. compare this result with of the same
rotor mounted on a steel shaft of diameter 1.905 cm.
(Assume the shaft to be simply supported at the bearings)

(a) 1273 N; (b) 241.9 N Ans.

Figure Q9

5. A new industrial fan is to be installed on the roof of the factory to provide ventilation for the
workers. The entire fan assembly has mass of 580 kg with an unbalance of no more than 0.5
kg-m. the fan will operate at 1750 rpm when running at steady state. The fan manufacture
has suggested that 4 isolators be placed under the fan assembly, one at each corner. These
isolators have a stiffness of 522,000 N/m. No information is available on the damping
properties of the isolator.

c. What will be the amplitude of the steady state motion of the fan assembly?
d. What will be the amplitude of the force transmitted to the roof?
e. If the isolators are found to have a significant amount of damping, what will be the
effect on the motion and transmitted force (change or remained the same
(a) 0.966 mm; (b) 2015 N; Ans.

6. (Prob. 5.9) Assuming small amplitudes set up the differential equations of motion for the
double pendulum using the coordinates shown in Figure 2. Show that the natural frequencies
of the system are given by the equation

g

l
2 2  
Determine the ratio of amplitudes x1 / x2 and locate the nodes for the two modes of
vibration.

x1 x1
1
 0.414; 2
 2.414; Ans
x2 x2

Figure 2
 Machine dynamic 2 HES 5310
7. (Problem 5.28) An airfoil section to be tested in a wind tunnel is supported by a linear spring
k and a torsional spring Ko, as shown in Figure 3. If the center of gravity of the section is a
distance e ahead of the point of support, determine the differential equations of motion of
the system.

Figure 3