Lab 1
Lab 1
Hayder Alsadah
:Objectives
:Introduction
The impact test aims to study the ability of a material to absorb energy
during a collision. This energy can be used to calculate many
mechanical properties such as toughness, impact strength, and fracture
resistance. The impact itself is defined as a very high rate of loading.
Toughness is the ability of a metal to deform plastically and absorb
energy in the process before fracture. The key to having a larger
toughness is to combine both higher strength and ductility. A material
with high strength and high ductility will be tougher than a material
with lower strength and ductility. In general, the area under the
tensile-strain diagram is considered to be proportional to the energy
required to rapture a specimen which is called impact strength. The
Charpy test employs a swinging pendulum which is allowed to fall and
strike the specimen as shown in figure 1. The heavy pendulum is
released from a high fixed height (h) to strike the V-notched or U-
notched specimen and fracture it at the notch. The impact energy is
calculated using the difference in the potential energy before and after
: the fracture of the specimens using the following equation
𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 = 𝑚𝑔(ℎ−ℎ′)
The second type is Brittle fracture, where cracks grow fast and
suddenly which is considered dangerous. The surface of the brittle
fracture is flat and shows no sign of plastic deformation. This type of
fracture occurs in ceramics, glass, graphite, and other materials.
:Results/Discussion
The material used was examined, which was steel and aluminum, and the
temperature of steel and aluminum was measured. It is clear that there is a
difference between each of them in temperature and weight. A metal temperature
measuring device was used, and the temperature may differ due to surrounding
factors such as room temperature. After knowing the temperature of steel, which
was 23.2, it was placed on the shearing device, and the absorbed energy was 6J.
The total shearing of the metal was rough in texture. As for aluminum, its
temperature was 22.1, and it was placed on the shearing device, and the absorbed
energy was 66J. There is a clear difference between steel and aluminum in the
absorption power. The shearing was semi-smooth, and the texture was smooth. An
experiment was conducted on aluminum while it was cold at a temperature of 16.
A higher absorption degree was created, which is 82J