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Phased Array

Good morning sir I am yet to receive the kit for

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Mohammed Aadil K
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18 views10 pages

Phased Array

Good morning sir I am yet to receive the kit for

Uploaded by

Mohammed Aadil K
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Phased Array

Phased Array

• Ability to change the shape and direction of the radiation pattern


without physically moving the antenna.

• Elements in an antenna array are placed in such a way that the signals
transmitted by sum up of individual antennas.

• Provide better gain, directivity and performance in a particular direction.


Phased Array
• Phased Array Antennas consist of multiple smaller antennas whose number can
range anywhere from a few antennas to somewhere in the hundreds or thousands.

• To reduce the overall size, phased array is best to use phased arrays for higher
frequency applications.

• This makes phased array antennas a great choice for mm-Wave 5G Applications and
other high frequency applications.
Phase Shift
• Signals of the same frequency from all the individual elements in the array but
with a certain phase difference/shift between each antenna element in the array.

• The phase shift is calculated to provide constructive interference in the desired


direction while destructive interference may occur in other directions.

• Determining the phase shift in accordance with the desired direction of


beamforming involves complex mathematical calculations.
Phase Shifter
• The signal from the transmitter is sent to the antennas via a phase shifter,
which is controlled by a computer system (phase controller).

• That changes the phase electronically thus controlling the direction of the
radiation pattern of the antenna array.

Symbol
Types
• There are four commonly used types:
ØPassive Electronically Steered Array (PESA)

ØActive Electronically Steered Array (AESA)

ØDigital Beam Forming (DBF)

ØHybrid Beam Forming (HBF)


Passive Electronically Steered Array
(PESA)

• PESA is a type of Phased Array Antenna that uses a


single transmitter for all the antenna elements present.

• In this setup, each antenna element has a phase shifter


which phase shifts the signal as required.

• Passive Electronically Steered Antenna Arrays have


been used in various military and commercial
applications.
Active Electronically Steered Array
(AESA)

• Active Electronically Steered Array (AESA) is the second


generation of Phased Array Antennas.

• In this, there are separate transmitters for each antenna


element all of which are computer controlled.

• This setup is more advanced than the PESA and can transmit
several radio waves of varying frequencies simultaneously
in different directions.
Digital Beam Forming

• Digital Beam Forming (DFB) based phased arrays have digital


receivers connected to each antenna element.
• As the signal is digitized at each of the antenna elements by the
receivers, antenna beams can be formed digitally in a Field
Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).
Hybrid Beam Forming

• Hybrid Beam Forming (HBF) based phased arrays can be thought of as a


combination of PESA and AESA.
• HBF uses subarrays of antenna elements which are connected to separate
transmitters.
• A full array is formed by combining these subarrays.
• Due to the presence of multiple subarrays, clusters of simultaneous beams
can be formed using HBF.
•

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