Class 10 Science Sample Question Paper With Marking Scheme 2024-25
Class 10 Science Sample Question Paper With Marking Scheme 2024-25
CLASS X
(Science 086)
Max. Marks: 80 Time Allowed: 3 hours
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%
would be provided. 50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type
questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of
assessment (04 marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.
Section-A
Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and
write the correct choice as well as the answer to these questions.
2 Match column I with column II and select the correct option using the given
codes. 1
Column I Column II
Choose the correct option for the colour of rays for A and B.
Question No. 17 to 20 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
17 Assertion (A): On adding dil. HCl to a test tube containing a substance ‘X’, a 1
colourless gas is produced which gives a pop sound when a burning match
stick is brought near it.
Reason (R): In this reaction metal ‘X’ is displaced by Hydrogen.
18 Assertion (A): The number of chromosomes in a cell and in a germ cell is not 1
the same in any species.
Reason (R): When 2 germ cells combine they restore the normal number of
chromosomes in a species.
19 Assertion (A): A convex mirror always forms an image behind it and the image 1
formed is virtual.
Reason (R): According to the sign convention, the focal length of a convex
mirror is positive.
20 Assertion (A): If the lions are removed from a food chain it will not affect the 1
food chain, however if the plants are removed from a food chain it will disturb
the ecosystem.
Reason (R): Plants are producers who can make food using sunlight, while
lions are consumers.
Section-B
Question No. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions
21 Identify the type of each of the following reactions stating the reason for your 2
answers.
A. Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe + heat
B. Pb (NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2( )+ 2KNO3
22 Differentiate between alveoli and nephron on the basis of the following points: 2
S. No. Feature Alveoli Nephron
1 Structure and location
2 Function
24 2
The above figure shows the formation of an image by a lens shown by a thick
line.
Analyse the figure and answer the following questions.
A. What is the type of lens used?
B. What is the nature of the image?
C. If the image is formed at a distance of 30 cm from the lens and the
image is twice the size of the object, then where is the object placed?
--------------
For visually impaired students
A. What type of lens always forms a virtual erect and diminished image?
B. List two uses of such a lens.
The electric circuit (above figure) in a clothes dryer contains two heaters X
and Y in parallel. The above figure shows the circuit connected to a 230 V
power supply. When both switches are closed, the current in X is 3.5 A.
Analyse the circuit given above and answer the following questions.
(i) Calculate the power developed in heater X.
(ii) If the resistance of X is double that of Y calculate the current in heater
Y.
OR
B.
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For visually impaired students
A. We have four resistors A, B, C and D of resistance 3 Ω, 6 Ω ,9 Ω and 12
Ω respectively. Find out the lowest resistance which can be obtained by
combining these four resistors.
OR
B. You are given 2 fuse wires A and B with current ratings 2A and 5A
respectively. Justify with reason which of the two would you use with a
1000W, 220V room heater?
What impact will the process shown in the image have on Humans if they
occupy the last trophic level? Explain.
--------------
For visually impaired students
Create a food chain with more than 2 trophic levels that exists in the
cabbage farm. If Humans occupy the last trophic level, then how would
spraying pesticide affect the humans? Explain.
Section-C
Question No. 27 to 33 are short answer questions
27 A. Anirudh took two metal oxides; aluminium oxide and magnesium oxide as
shown in the pictures given below. But he forgot to label them. How will 3
you guide/ help Anirudh to identify the oxides and label them?
B. In an activity Aishu was given two substances; Copper Sulphide (Cu 2S)
and Copper Oxide (Cu2O) to obtain copper from these compounds. She
was able to extract Copper successfully. Illustrate with the help of chemical
equations how Aishu might have completed the activity.
--------------
For visually impaired students
Give reasons for the following
i. Certain metals are used for making cooking utensils.
ii. Hydrogen gas does not evolve when certain metals except Mg & Mn
react with nitric acid.
29 Water is used by the leaves of the plants for photosynthesis but rather than 3
watering the leaves, we water the plant through the soil. How does this water
reach the leaves of the plant?
30 A. In a family of four individuals, the father possessed long ears and the 3
mother possessed short ears. If the parents had pure dominant and
recessive traits respectively, then calculate the ratio of genetic makeup of
F2 generation. Show a suitable cross. (2)
B. If father had short ears and the mother had long ears, explain what effect
it will have on the ratio of genetic makeup in F2 generation. (1)
--------------
For visually impaired students
A. What is the fundamental difference between hypermetropia and myopia
in terms of the optical experience of a person?
B. What are the causes of myopia in the human eye?
33 3
(i) Name two substance that moves through the blood vessels. (1)
(ii) If the placenta has less villi how will it affect the baby’s growth? (1)
(iii) Name the region where the embryo develops inside the female body.
Explain how this region is adapted for nourishing the baby. (1)
(iv) Some of the fetal cells fall off into the amniotic fluid and can be
collected by careful procedure. The cells were screened and found to
contain XY chromosome. (2)
a) What is the sex of the foetus?
b) How is this prenatal sex determination misused?
--------------
For visually impaired students
B. A developing fetus is connected to the placenta by means of umbilical cord.
The Umbilical vein and artery run inside the umbilical cord.
(i) Name two substance that moves through the blood vessels. (1)
(ii) If the placenta has less villi how will it affect the baby’s growth? (1)
(iii) Name the region where the embryo develops inside the female body.
Explain how this region is adapted for nourishing the baby. (1)
(iv) Some of the fetal cells fall off into the amniotic fluid and can be
collected by careful procedure. The cells were screened and found to
contain XY chromosome.
a) What is the sex of the foetus?
b) How is this prenatal sex determination misused? (2)
A.
OR
B.
As shown in the figure above A and B are two lamps. Lamp A is rated at 12 V,
24W. Lamp B is rated at 6.0 V. When lamp B operates at its rated voltage, the
current in it is 3.0 A. The values of R1 and R2 are chosen so that both lamps
operate at their rated voltages.
Based on the information given, answer the following.
(i) Calculate the current in Lamp A.
(ii) State and give reason for the reading of the Voltmeter.
(iii) Calculate the resistance of R2.
(iv) Find the value of the resistance R1.
--------------
For visually impaired students
A.
(i) State the law and write the formula connecting the electric current
flowing through a conductor and voltage applied across it.
(ii) In a household five fans each of 100W are used for 4 hours and an
electric press of 500W for 2 hours every day. Calculate the cost of
using tube-lights and electric press for 60 days if the cost of 1 unit of
electrical energy is Rs. 6.5.
OR
B.
(i) State Joules law of heating and write its mathematical expression.
(ii) Two resistors of resistances 2𝛺 and 4𝛺 are connected in
a) series
b) parallel
with a battery of given potential difference. Compute the ratio of total
quantity of heat produced in the combination in the two cases if the
total voltage and time are kept the same for both.
Section – E
Question No. 37 to 39 are case-based/data -based questions.
37 4
38 Mohan and Rohit observed that shoots of a plant growing in shade bend 4
towards the sunlight. Whereas, leaves of ‘Touch me not’ plant fold and droop
soon after touching. They were curious to know how these movements occur
in plants.
In order to help them understand the movements in the plants, answer the
following questions:
Attempt either subpart A or B.
A. What causes the bending of shoots in the plants as shown in figure A?
OR
B. What causes the folding of the leaves in ‘Touch me not’ plant as shown
in figure B? (2)
C. Compare the movement of growth of the pollen tube towards ovule with
the movements shown in part A of the above figure. (1)
D. Compare the movement shown in figure B with the movement of body
parts in the animals. (1)
--------------
For visually impaired students
During a field trip, Mohan and Rohit observed that shoots of sunflower plants
bend towards the sunlight. Whereas, leaves of ‘Touch me not’ plant begin to
fold and droop soon after touching even during the day. They were curious to
know how these movements occur in plants.
Attempt either subpart A or B.
A. What causes the bending of shoots in the sunflower plants towards
sunlight?
OR
B. What causes the folding of the leaves in ‘Touch me not’ plants when
touched by hand? (2)
C. Compare the movement of growth of the pollen tube towards ovule with
the bending of shoots of sunflower plant towards sunlight. (1)
D. Compare the movement in folding of leaves of ‘Touch me not’ plants with
the movement of body parts in the animals. (1)
39 4
Azim Taraporewala was a traveller and science enthusiast. During one of his
travels he found himself on the edge of an island without any mode of
communication. As he had read in many stories, he thought he would light a
fire on the beach and travelling boats or ships could see that fire and come to
give him a ride. He had run out of lighters and match-sticks but had a reading
glass. Being a science enthusiast he knew some tricks and used that lens and
a scrap of paper to light a fire, with the help of scorching rays from the sun.
A. Which lens can be used by Azim to create the fire?
B. What property of the lens helps Azim to create the fire?
Attempt either subpart C or D.
C. List two more uses of this kind of lens.
OR
D. Explain with reason the condition under which the lens can form both
real as well as virtual images.
***********
MARKING SCHEME
2024 -25
Class X Science (086)
Section-A
1 A. 2,2,4 1
3 A. C2H5OH 1
Alternate question for VI
A. Dilute acid
5 C. Displacement reaction 1
7 B. Cooking of food 1
14 C. Red Violet 1
15 C. It utilizes 10% of light energy and transfers the rest to the next trophic 1
level.
22 S. 2
No. Feature Alveoli Nephron
OR
B. 𝑃 = 𝑉 × 𝐼 (0.5)
𝑃 1000
𝐼=𝑉 = = 4.54 𝐴 (0.5)
220
We will be using fuse B with is rated as 5A. This is because it will be
able to sustain the current (4.54 A) passing through it. Whereas fuse
A will melt and break the circuit as the current exceeds its rating. (1)
Section-C
(1+1)
- -- - - - - - - - -
For visually impaired students
A. Certain metals (like aluminium/ copper) are used for making cooking
utensils as they are good conductors of heat and have high melting
points. (0.5 + 0.5)
B. Hydrogen gas is not evolved when a metal reacts with nitric acid. This
is because HNO3 is a strong oxidising agent. It oxidises the H2
produced to water and itself gets reduced to any of the nitrogen oxides
(N2O, NO, NO2). But magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn) react
with very dilute HNO3 to evolve H2 gas. (1+1)
29 ● In plants, the water is absorbed by the plants from the soil through the 3
roots. Xylem tissue of the roots, stems and leaves are interconnected
to form a continuous system of water conducting channels. (1)
● During the day, when stomata are open, the transpiration pull becomes
the major driving force for the movement of water in the xylem. (1)
● Evaporation of water molecules from the stomata creates a suction
which pulls water from the xylem cells of roots to the stem and then to
the leaves. (1)
30 (Any letter which clearly indicated dominant and recessive ears, example, L 3
or E or any other)
A. LL × ll
F1= Ll
Ll X Ll
1LL:2Ll:1ll. (2)
B. No change in ratio/the ratio of F2 generation will still be 1LL:2Ll:1ll/ ratio
will be the same.
As the cross is still between a pure dominant and recessive allele/
genes/ traits/characters /as shown in the cross above. (1)
------------
For visually impaired students
A. Hypermetropia is a defect that causes difficulty in focusing on near
objects, with clearer vision observed for distant objects. In Myopia
distant objects appear blurry while near objects are seen
clearly. (1)
B. High converging power of eye lens, elongation of eye-ball. (2)
32 A. 3
R∝𝑙
𝑙
R∝
𝐴
𝑙
R = 𝜌 𝐴. (1.5)
B.
𝑙
R = 𝜌𝐴
𝐴
𝜌 = R 𝑙 for A =1m2 and l =1m, we have
𝜌=R
Hence resistivity is the resistance offered by a wire of length 1 m having a
cross sectional area of 1 m2. (1.5)
Section-D
(1)
ANY TWO CHARACTERISTICS
- Difference in -CH2- / 14u molecular mass of any two adjacent
homologues.
- Same general formula/ functional group
- Similar chemical properties
- Gradual change in physical properties (1)
(iii) The mixture of ethyne and oxygen in sufficient amounts undergoes
complete combustion to fire a clean blue flame. In pressure of
insufficient supply of oxygen or in presence of air, ethyne does not
undergo complete combustion and produces sooty flame. (1)
OR
B.
(i) ‘B’ is preferred for cleansing action. The calcium and magnesium salts
present in underground water are precipitated with carboxylic acids.
The Ca++ and Mg++ salts of sulphonic acid are soluble in water. ‘B’ is
a more effective cleansing agent in presence of Ca and Mg salts. (1)
(ii)
Soaps are molecules in which the two ends have differing
properties, one is hydrophilic, that is, it dissolves in water, while the
other end is hydrophobic, that is, it dissolves in hydrocarbons.
The molecules of soap are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain
carboxylic acids. The ionic end of soap dissolves in water while the
carbon chain dissolves in oil. The soap molecules, thus form
structures called micelles where one end of the molecules is
towards the oil droplet while the ionic end faces outside. This forms
an emulsion in water. The soap micelle thus helps in dissolving the
dirt in water and we can wash our clothes clean
(Labelled fig - 1 + 2)
(iii) CH3COOCH3+ NaOH CH3COONa+ CH3OH
The process is saponification. (0.5 + 0.5)
------------
For visually impaired students
A.
(i) Ohm's Law is the law, which states that the electric current (I)
flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage
(V) applied across it and inversely proportional to the resistance
(R) of the conductor. Mathematically, it can be represented as: (1)
𝑉 ∝𝐼
𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅 (1)
(ii) Let the energy consumed by the fans be 𝐸𝑓 and the energy
consumed by the electric press be 𝐸𝑝 .
100 ×4
𝐸𝑓 = 𝑃 × 𝑡 = = 0.4 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1000
500 ×2
𝐸𝑝 = 𝑃 × 𝑡 = = 1 𝑘𝑊ℎ (1)
1000
Total energy consumed in 1 day = 𝐸𝑝 + 𝐸𝑓 = 1.4 𝑘𝑊ℎ
Total energy consumed in 60 days = 1.4 × 60 = 84 𝑘𝑊ℎ.
Total cost = 84 × 𝑅𝑠. 6.5 = 𝑅𝑠. 546.00 (2)
OR
B.
(i) Joule's Law of Heating states that the amount of heat produced
in a conductor is directly proportional to the square of the electric
current passing through it, the resistance of the conductor, and
the time for which the current flows. Mathematically, it can be
expressed as
𝐻 = 𝐼 2 𝑅𝑡
● H is the heat produced (in joules),
● I is the electric current (in amperes),
● R is the resistance of the conductor (in ohms),
● t is the time for which the current flows (in seconds).
(ii) Let the equivalent resistance in series be denoted by 𝑅𝑠 and
that for parallel be denoted by 𝑅𝑝 . Total voltage of the circuit is
given by 𝑉 in both cases and the time is denoted by 𝑡.
𝑅𝑠 = 2 + 4 = 6𝛺
1 1 1 3 4
𝑅 = 2 + 4 = 4 , 𝑅𝑝 = 3
𝑝
𝑉2 𝑉2
𝐻𝑠 = 𝑡, 𝐻𝑝 = 𝑡
𝑅𝑠 𝑅𝑝
𝐻𝑠 𝑅𝑝 2
= =
𝐻𝑝 𝑅𝑠 9
SECTION – E
37 A. A - Sodium chloride 4
Y - Chlorine gas,
Z - Hydrogen gas,
M - Sodium metal,
P - Sodium ethanoate &
R - Ethyl ethanoate/ester (0.5 X 6 = 3)
Student to attempt either subpart B or C.
B. Any activity similar to the given figure (1)
OR
C. Chlor alkali process
The process is called the chlor-alkali process because of the
products formed from chlorine and alkali for sodium hydroxide. (1)
------------
For visually impaired students
A.
ETHANOIC ACID ETHANOL
(1+1)
B. Ethene
C2H5OH ------Hot Conc Sulphuric acid--- CH2=CH2 + H2O (1)
C. In combustion reactions oxygen is added hence all combustion reactions
are oxidation, whereas in oxidation reactions, energy may or may not be
released (along with the products), hence all oxidation reactions are not
combustion reactions. (1)
39 A. Real Image (the final image is formed due to the lens at the eye-piece) 4
(1)
B. Concave Mirror (1)
Student to attempt either subpart C or D.
C. A converging lens is used at the eyepiece to collect the rays from the
plane mirror and help the viewer to see a real erect image of the star.
(2)
OR
D. The plane mirror laterally inverts the image formed by the curved
mirror and its position helps to direct the rays towards the eye-piece.
(2)
------------
For visually impaired students
A. Convex lens. (1)
B. Converging property. The lens can converge parallel rays to one
point. (1)
Student to attempt either subpart C or D
C. To correct hypermetropia, lenses of telescopes, microscopes and
slide projectors. (2)
OR
D. If the object is kept between the optical centre and the focus the image
obtained is virtual, rest in all cases the image is real.
**********
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