MEANING OF TECHNOLOGY

Lesson Note on Basic Technology JSS 1 First Term The term is derived from the Greek words tekhnē, which refers to an art or craft, and logia,
meaning an area of study. Thus, technology means literally, the study or science of crafting.
Lessonplan Technology can be defined as the processes (methods) and products (materials) that
make life easy and stress free. It is also the application of acquired systematic and scientific
Basic Technology Note for JSS1 First Term – Edudelight.com knowledge in the development of tools and machines by people to enable them to provide various
needs.
SCHEME OF WORK BASIC TECHNOLOGY JSS1 FIRST TERM
Technology is the general term for the processes by which human beings fashion tools and
WEEK TOPIC machines to increase their control and understanding of the material environment.

CONCEPT OF TECHNOLOGY & CAREER PROSPECTS IN TECHNOLOGY Technology is the study, development, and application of devices, machines, and techniques for

WORKSHOP SAFETY RULES AND RESOLUTIONS manufacturing and production processes.

SAFETY GUIDELINES- ROAD SIGNS Technology is also a method or methodology that uses technical knowledge or tools.

MATERIALS AND PROCESSING – IDENTIFICATION OF WOOD PRODUCTS OF TECHNOLOGY

IDENTIFICATION OF METALS The use of hoes and cutlass has been replaced by the use of tools and machines powered by steam,
IDENTIFICATION OF METALS(II) water, wind, electricity and sun.

IDENTIFICATION OF CERAMICS & GLASSES Product of technology refers to the materials, machines and equipment that are used to make life
easier. They are the finished products of engineering works; the tools used to achieve specific
IDENTIFICATION OF RUBBER
objectives. Examples of products of technology are pressing iron, tractor, G.S.M / cell phone, air
IDENTIFICATION OF PLASTIC conditioner, grinding machine, gas cooker, washing machine, electric bulb e.t.c

REFERENCE MATERIALS EVALUATION

NERDC, Basic Technology for JSS, Book 1 In your own words, explain the meaning of technology.

EVANS, Basic Technology for JSS, Book 1 Mention fifty products of technology.

WEEK ONE ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN DEVELOPED AND UNDER DEVELOPED TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC: CONCEPT OF TECHNOLOGY ECONOMIC UNDERDEVELOPED MODERN TECHNOLOGY

ACTIVITIES TECHNOLOGY
CONTENT
FARMING Hoes, Cutlasses, Knives Tractor, bulldozer, plough, big
Definition of technology machines
FISHING Nets ,hooks and traps Sophisticated and fast moving
Products of technology
fishing vessels
Economic activities in developed and underdeveloped technology TRANSPORTATION Trekking, horses and Camels. Cars , railway, aircraft and ocean
lines
Importance of technology
COMMUNICATION Oral message and letter writing Telephone ,radio message and
Career prospects in technology television, telex
 FOOD Drying, salting e.t.c Refrigeration, canning e.t.c test (c) training (d) trash.
PRESERVATION
The following are products of technology except (a) stone (b) microwave (c) aircraft (d) computer
AGRICULTURAL Manure and animal faeces Fertilizer
The following are modern technology except (a)cars (b)mobile phone (c)tractor (d) hoes
IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGY
The following are the importance of technology except …………..
It encourages creativity in students. It encourages creativity in students.

It provides students with a solid foundation for future training in pre-vocational subjects. It provides students with a solid foundation for future training in pre-vocational subjects.

It prepares students with basic technological literacy. It prepares students with basic technological literacy.

It enhances technological growth from the grass roots. It encourages waste of resources.

It makes students self-reliant. THEORY

Define technology.
BASIC UNIT OF TECHNOLOGY
State 10 products of technology.
Basic Electricity & Electronic State the differences in economic activities in developed and underdeveloped technology.
Auto-Mechanical & Mechanical Engineering
WEEK TWO
Wood Work
TOPIC: WORKSHOP SAFETY RULES AND RESOLUTIONS
Metal Work

Technical Drawing CONTENT

Building Construction Workshop layout

Workshop safety rules and regulations(bench workers)

CAREER PROSPECTS IN TECHNOLOGY
Workshop safety rules & regulations(machines)
There are many occupations in the field of technology: mechanical engineering, electrical
engineering, electronics engineering, computer engineering, telecommunication engineering, civil Workshop safety devices
engineering, building engineering, chemical engineering, aeronautical engineering, architecture,
WORKSHOP LAYOUT
e.tc

EVALUATION A WORKSHOP is a place where activities such as fabrication, designing, construction and drawing
take place. It has an office, a toilet, a machine section and a store.
State the differences in economic activities in developed and underdeveloped technology.
State five importance of technology. There should be a first aid box, work-benches and machines in it.

READING ASSIGNMENT SAMPLE WORKSHOP LAYOUT

Read on Technology from Introductory Technology (JSS1) by Evans. Pages 3-7

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

____ the processes (methods) and products (materials) that make life easy and stress free (a)
Machine (b) Tool (c) Equipment (d)Technology

Technology is derived from the Greek words tekhnē, which refers to a/an___ (a) art or craft (b)
 EVALUATION

Draw a simple basic workshop layout.

State five safety rules and regulation for (a) bench workers (b) machines.

WORKSHOP SAFETY DEVICES

To maintain safety in the workshop, practical safety devices should be provided and used to protect
delicate parts of the body. These include:

Hand gloves: To protect the palms and fingers

The shield or safety goggles: To protect the eyes.

Boots / Hard sole shoes: To protect the legs, the feet and the toes.

The Helmet: To protect the head.

Overall: To protect the chest and body generally.

WORKSHOP SAFETY RULES AND REGULATION (BENCH WORKERS)
Nose mask: To protect the nose from inhaling dust.
Safety means protection from, or not being exposed to the risk of harm or injury.
Fire extinguisher and sand buckets: These are to be used to stop fire from destroying lives and
Carry out all your activities with care and caution. property.
All accidents whether minor or fatal must be reported. EVALUATION
You must always wear goggles and nose mask during welding, drilling and metal or wood cutting. Mention five (5) workshop safety devices.
Return all tools and accessories to their proper storage areas after use. State their uses.

WORKSHOP SAFETY RULES AND REGULATION (MACHINES) READING ASSIGNMENT

Read on workshop safety rules and regulations from Introductory Technology (JSS1) by NERDC.
Safety goggles should be worn when performing machining operations to protect the eyes from
Pages 6-12
flying particles.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
Loose-clothing should be worn in order to prevent being caught by revolving parts of machines.
_______ is a place where activities such as fabrication, designing, construction and drawing take
Before operating any machines, time should be taken to make sure that the machines are
place. (a) Factory (b) Hospital (c) Hostel (d) Workshop.
completely in order.
______ means protection from, or not being exposed to, the risk of harm or injury (a)
No attempt should be made to remove chips from the machine with hands.
Methodology (b) Skill (c) Safety (d) Technology
No attempt should be made to stop machines with hands even when the power has been switched
_______is a negative experience that happens to somebody when he does not expect it (a) An
off.
accident (b) Disease (c) Fire outbreak (d) Electrical sparking.
Avoid touching any moving parts of the machine and do not lean on it.
The following are causes of accidents except (a) using appropriate safety devices (b) Lack of
Workshop/machines must be cleaned each day after work. concentration (c) horseplay (d) Lack of carefulness in handling machines
*Students should comport themselves properly while in the workshop. _____ are to be used to stop fire from destroying lives (a) Extinguishers and bucket of sand (b)
Helmets (c) Boots (d) Goggles
THEORY Absence of safety devices

Draw a typical Basic Technology workshop layout. Non-maintenance of tools

State five (5) workshop safety precautions.
Working in the workshop when one is tired or sick.
Mention five (5) workshop safety devices.
EVALUATION
WEEK THREE
What is an accident?

TOPIC: WORKSHOP SAFETY (II)- DEFINITION OF ACCIDENTS State five (5) causes of accidents.

CONTENT ACCIDENT PREVENTION

Definition of accident
Accidents in the workshop can be prevented by observing the following rules:
Causes of accidents
Keep workshop clean and tidy
Accident prevention
No horse play
Fire
Dress safely for work
DEFINITION OF ACCIDENT Work safely with hand tools

An accident is an unforeseen turn of events without an apparent cause i.e. a negative experience Work safely with machines
that happens to somebody when he does not expect it. Accidents can be caused by people and
Work safely electrical tools, machines and appliances
equipment.
Work safely with hot materials
CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
Always be very careful.
Causes of accidents in the workshop can be grouped under two major headings:
TYPES OF FIRE
Unsafe actions (ii) unsafe conditions
There are two types of fire which can occur in a workshop. These are
Unsafe Actions Electrical fire

Lack of concentration Chemical fire

horseplay ELECTRICAL FIRE

Lack of carefulness in handling the machines

An electrical fire may result due to the following:
Fatigue / tiredness
Sparks due to short circuit or partial contact
Failure to use safety devices
Poor wiring

Unsafe Conditions Wrong electrical connections

Overloading
Bad/faulty machine
Not switching off electrical appliance after use.
Slippery or wet floors
Electrical fire is fought with fire extinguisher, water and dry sand. Definition of road signs

CHEMICAL FIRE Types of road signs in nigeria

A chemical fire is caused by chemical substances used or stored in the workshop. Examples of DEFINITION OF ROAD SIGNS
chemical substances are gas, oil and grease.
A road or traffic sign is a sign giving information or instructions to road users.
Chemical fire is fought with foam, dry sand or gas from a fire extinguisher. Never use water to put
Traffic signs tell you about traffic regulations, special hazards and other road conditions,
out fire caused by chemicals.
construction areas speed limits, etc. You should not only be familiar with each of the signs, you
EVALUATION should recognize the special shapes and colors.

How can we prevent accidents in a workshop? TYPES OF ROAD SIGNS IN NIGERIA

List two types of fire that can occur in the workshop.
There are three kinds of road signs in Nigeria.
READING ASSIGNMENT
REGULATORY: They are mostly circular in shape and are of two types. Those with red and yellow
Read on Drawing instruments and materials from Introductory Technology (JSS1) by Evans. circles are prohibitive signs. Those with blue circles but no red border are mandatory signs. They
Pages 8-12 give positive instructions and are regulatory signs.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT INFORMATIVE: They are usually rectangular in shape and provide guidance information. The
1. _______ is a place where activities such as fabrication, designing, construction and drawing stop sign is a prohibitive sign. It tells you to come to a complete stop before making another move.
take place. (a) Factory (b) Hospital (c) Hostel (d) Workshop. Proceed when it is safe to do so.

2. ______ means protection from, or not being exposed to the risk of harm or injury (a) WARNING: Warning Signs are usually triangular in shape, with red perimeter. The only one
Methodology (b) Skill (c) Safety (d) Technology warning sign with inverted triangle means yield or give way.

3. _______is a negative experience that happens to somebody when he does not expect it (a) An EXAMPLES OF ROAD SIGNS IN NIGERIA
accident (b) Disease (c) Fire outbreak (d) Electrical sparking.
REGULATORY SIGNS (PROHIBITORY):
4. The following are causes of accidents except (a) using appropriate safety devices (b) Lack of
concentration (c) horseplay (d) Lack of carefulness in handling machines
II.WARNING SIGNS:
5. _____ are to be used to stop fire from destroying lives (a) Extinguishers and bucket of sand
(b) Helmets (c) Boots (d) Goggles

THEORY

1. Draw a typical basic technology workshop layout.

2. State five (5) workshop safety precautions.

3. Mention five (5) workshop safety devices.

WEEK FOUR

TOPIC: SAFETY GUIDELINES- ROAD SIGNS

CONTENT
 Wood is one of the materials used in furniture making and in building
construction.

Different types of wood are identified by:

their color,

classification into soft and hard woods

their properties e.g. hardwood has broad leaves while soft wood has needle – like leaves.

THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF A WOOD

The internal structure of wood is made up of the following:

Pith

Xylem

Phloem

III.REGULATORY SIGNS (MANDATORY) DIRECTION TO BE FOLLOWED: Cambium

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT Cork cambium

What are road signs? Bark

State the types of road signs in Nigeria EVALUATION QUESTIONS

Draw ten road signs and state their meaning. Mention the materials used in technology.

WEEK FIVE Draw the structure of wood (internal).

TOPIC: MATERIALS AND PROCESSING-IDENTIFICATION OF WOOD There are trees all around us. Some are big and some are small.

CONTENT MAJOR PARTS OF A TREE (EXTERNAL)

Identification of Wood The major parts of a tree are:

The Structure of Wood (internal) roots

Major Parts of a Tree (external) trunks (branches)

Uses of Wood leaves

IDENTIFICATION OF WOOD flowers and

seeds
The materials used in technology include woods, metals, ceramics, rubbers and plastics. These
materials come in different forms and each form performs a unique function. Wood is a hard When a tree is allowed to remain for a long time, its trunk (stem) becomes bigger and bigger and
fibrous substance that chiefly composes trees and bushes and is found beneath their bark. the tree grow taller. The tree trunks are cut into wood or timber.
CLASSES OF WOOD JOINERY: Wood is used for making staircase in our buildings today.

We have two classes of wood namely: PACKAGING: Packaging technologist cannot do without wood for making crates, pallet, and
packaging electronics equipment.
HARD WOOD
FURNITURE; Chairs, bed, wardrobes, table book-cases etc.
SOFT WOOD
TRANSPORT: Railway, train-wagons, lorry-body.
PROPERTIES OF HARD WOOD
BRIDGES AND POLES: Most farm bridges and bridges across the roads in villages are made with
It is dark in colour. wood. Some electric poles and railway sleepers are made of wood.

They are gotten from DECIDUOUS TREES. PULP AND PAPER: Exercise book, textbooks, magazines e.t.c are made from pulp and paper
derived from wood.
It has a complex cellular structure
MEDICINE: People who have their arms and legs amputated (cut off) such are usually replaced by
It is heavy.
artificial limbs made from wood.
It has annual rings which are not visible.
CLOTHING: Most heels and some soles shoes are made from wood e.g. the rayon stocking.
Hardwood trees have broad leaves.
TOOL MAKING: Handles for hammer, pick axes, felling axes, screw driver and many other tools
Examples include Iroko ,Afara , Mahogany ,Opepe, Omo e.t.c. are made from wood.

Hard wood is used for furniture making and building construction. EVALUATION

PROPERTIES OF SOFT WOOD Differentiate between hard and soft wood.

Mention five (5) uses of wood.
It has lighter colour than hardwood.
READING ASSIGNMENT
It is not heavy.
Read on Identification of Metals from Introductory Technology (JSS1) by Evans. Pages 27-31.
It is easy to work on.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
It is gotten from CONIFEROUS TREE.
____ is a hard fibrous substance that chiefly composes trees and bushes and is found beneath
Softwood trees have narrow and needle like leaves. their bark (a) Tree (b) Plastics (C) Metal (d) Wood
Softwood trees are usually evergreen because they do not shed their leaves in dry season. The materials used in technology include the following except (a) wood (b) metals
Examples include spruce, fine, cedar, cypress e.t.c (c) ceramics (d) cassava
These are trees that bear naked seeds called (cones) The major parts of a tree are as follow except (a) roots (b) trunks (branches) and leaves (c)
These trees grow better in a temperate region (cold region of the world) flowers and seeds (d) furniture

____ are trees that shed their leaves in the dry season to prevent water loss. e.g. Iroko, Afara,
USES OF WOOD
Mahogany, Opepe, Omo (a) Hard wood trees (b) Soft wood trees (c) Di-cotyledonous trees (d)
Wood is used today in the following industries and processes: Coniferous trees

HOUSING: Wood is used for home furniture as doors, window and roofing. Examples of soft wood trees include the following except (a) spruce and vine (b) cedar

INDUSTRIAL BUILDING: Many industries are constructed using wood. (c) cypress (d) Afara
THEORY The metals used in engineering can be classified into categories

Explain why wood is referred to as a material for technology. Ferrous metals and their alloys

Draw the major parts of a tree (external). Non-ferrous metals and their alloys

State and give examples of the types of wood. FERROUS METALS AND THEIR ALLOYS
Draw the structure of wood (internal).
This group of metals contains iron. The metals are, therefore, magnetic. Examples include wrought
WEEK SIX AND SEVEN iron, cast iron and various grades of steel.

CONTENT
NON-FERROUS METALS AND THEIR ALLOYS
Definition and Properties of Metal
This group of metals have no iron . These metals are therefore not magnetic. Examples are
Classes of Metal aluminum, copper, brass etc.
Processing of Metal EVALUATION
Uses of Metal State five properties of metal.
Differentiate between ferrous and non-ferrous metal.
DEFINITION OF METAL
Most metals do not occur in a pure state. They are usually combined with other metals and earthly
METAL is a type of solid mineral substance that is usually hard and shiny. It conducts heat and impurities to form what is called mineral ore. The ore is then mined and processed to extract the
electricity can travel through it. metal of interest. The extraction process differs from metal to metal.
Metals have characteristics which are different from those of the non-metals such as wood, plastics Casting:
ceramics, rubber etc
Casting is the process of melting and pouring molten metal into the mould to take the shape of
PROPERTIES OF METAL the mould when it cools down or solidifies.

Metals can be identified by the following physical properties: Smelting:

Conductivity: Some metals have the ability to conduct heat and electricity. Smelting is the process of extracting metals from iron-ore dug from the ground .

Fusibility: Some metals have the ability to be melted and cast into shapes. Annealing:

Magnetic: Some metals have the ability to attract iron. Annealing is the process by which metals can be softened.

Ductility: Some metals have the ability to be drawn or stretched out into wires without breaking. USES OF METAL

Brittleness: Some metals have the ability to break or crack , when hit on the ground
Alloy metal composition Properties
Malleability: Some metals have the ability to be hammered or beaten into shape without cracking. Brass 65%copper and 35%zinc Soft material
Toughness: Some metals have the ability to withstand (resist) bending, breaking, cracking or Gilding metal 80% copper and 20 % zinc Polishes well and no corrosion
stretching. Bell metal 78% copper and 22% zinc Louder in sound than other metals
Density: Some metals have weight and volume.
Ferrous Uses
Colour (lustre): Some metals have the ability of having a shining appearance when polished. metals

CLASSES OF METAL
 Cast iron Cast iron in the manufacturing of machine parts , pipes, radiators, stoves, The group of metals that has no iron is not magnetic. Examples are as follow except
engine blocks
(a) aluminium (b) copper (c) steel (d) brass
Carbon steel Carbon steels are used in the manufacturing of the automobile bodies gears,
hacksaws ,hammers ,drill, knives ______ is the process by the which metals can be softened.(a) Casting (b) Smelting (c) Annealing
Alloy steels Alloy steels are used in the manufacturing of cables, steels, rail, wires , springs , (d) Riveting
shoves, ball-bearing, chisels etc.
THEORY
Wrought The wrought iron is used in the manufacturing of nails ,horse shoes, pipe ,wires,
Iron roofing sheets Define and state the properties of metals.

Non-ferrous Uses State the classes of metals with examples.

metal
Explain the following methods of processing of metals (i) annealing (ii) smelting (iii) casting.
Aluminium Aluminium is used for manufacturing aircraft, cooking pots for its lightness.
State the uses of the following metals (i) alloy metals (ii) ferrous metals (iii) non-ferrous metals
Copper Copper is used for making telephone wires, water heater, pipes ,electric
cables. WEEK EIGHT
Zinc Zinc is used for the coating of iron and steel as a protection against rusting .It
is used for wire-fence ,water tank reservoir ,bucket. TOPIC: IDENTIFICATION OF CERAMICS & GLASSES
Brass Brass is for making musical instrument screws clocks.
CONTENT
Silver Silver is for ornament work ,mirror .
Ceramic materials and properties
Nickel Nickel is used for plating iron and materials to give a shining slivering
appearance . It is also used for making cooking pots and sauce pan.
CERAMIC MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
Lead Lead is used for making lead pipes , storage batteries , chemicals and cover
electric cables. Ceramic is a hard brittle heat-resistant material made by firing a mixture of clay and chemicals at
Tin Tin is used for making engine bearing, ball-bearing medals, coins , statues high temperature. The ceramic products are products made from clay and chemical materials.
and collapsible tubes.
Examples are clay pots, marbles, tiles , water-closet, water-jug, glass , water basins etc.
EVALUATION
PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC MATERIALS
Explain the following methods of processing of metal (i) annealing (ii) smelting (iii) casting.

State the uses of the following metals (i) alloy metals (ii) ferrous metals (iii) non-ferrous metals. Ceramics are resistant to corrosion.

READING ASSIGNMENT They can withstand very high temperature e.g. furnace and oven.

Read on Identification of Ceramics, Plastics and Rubber from Introductory Technology (JSS1) by They are electrically resistant.

Evans. Pages 32-35 They are usually hard and strong.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT They have compressive strength.

_____ is a type of solid mineral substance that is usually hard and shiny and that heat and They can easily be molded when wet.
electricity can travel through (a) Plastic (b) Rubber (c) Metal (d) Ceramics
They can easily break when dropped on the ground.
Some metals have the ability to be hammered or beaten into shape without cracking .This quality is
EVALUATION
known as (a) malleability (b) ductility (c) toughness (d) fusibility
What is a ceramic?
The group of metals that contains iron is known as (a) ferrous metals (b) non-ferrous metals (c)
List five properties of ceramics.
alloys. (d) terrazzo
GLASS MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES WEEK NINE AND TEN

Glass is a type of ceramic. Glass is a hard usually transparent material made from sand, lime, TOPIC: IDENTIFICATION OF PLASTIC AND RUBBER
potash, soda and lead oxide. To produce glass, these raw materials are mixed and placed in a
CONTENT
furnace and melted. It is then formed into the desired objects.
Plastic Material and Properties
MAKING GLASS
Rubber Material and Uses
Making of glass involves the following stages:
Methods in Processing Plastics and Rubber
Mixing the raw materials;
Heating (firing) to produce molten glass; PLASTIC MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES

Cooling to form rigid glass; Plastic is a light material that is produced by chemical processes and can be formed into shapes
when heated. Plastic materials are produced by melting some chemicals together and allowing
Heating again and allowing to cool gradually (annealing).
them to solidify.
PROPERTIES OF GLASS
CLASSES OF PLASTIC
It is brittle,
Thermoplastics are plastic materials that become soft and pliable when heated, without a change
It is transparent and in its intrinsic properties. Polystyrene and polyethylene are thermoplastics. They are not affected
Resistant to corrosion. by the application of heat and can be remolded . Examples are plastic plates, buckets, cups.

Examples of glass products are cups, bottles, mirrors, glass tubes, electric bulbs, glass window, Thermosets are polymers. Thermosets are plastic materials which cannot be affected by the
glass doors, eye glasses and lenses. application of heat. It sets permanently when heated and cannot be remolded. Examples are plastic
handles of cooking utensils and knives, telephone parts etc
EVALUATION

What are the materials for making glass? PROPERTIES OF PLASTIC

List three properties of glass. They are very light.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT They are very cheap in price.

Which of the following is not used in making glass? They are insulators.

Sand (b) lime (c) potash (d) clay They are corrosion resistant.
Glass is used to manufacture eye glasses and lenses because of this property. Choose from the
ADVANTAGES OF PLASTICS
options. (a) Brittleness (b) resistance to corrosion (c) transparent (d) resistance to heat.

Which of the following is not used in making ceramics? (a) lime (c) cement (c) mud (d) clay. They are lightweight.

The following are products of ceramics, except (a) flower vase (b) tiles (c) wash basin (d) electric They can be moulded into different shapes and sizes.
bulb. They are relatively inexpensive to produce.
THEORY
DISADVANTAGES OF PLASTICS
What are ceramics and glass?
List two differences between the two. Some plastic produce poisonous flames when burnt.
They litter the surroundings. State the common methods of processing plastics and rubber.

EVALUATION READING ASSIGNMENT

State three (3) properties of ceramic. Read Processing of materials from Introductory Technology (JSS1) by Evans. Pages 36-38
State three (3) properties of plastic.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

RUBBER MATERIAL AND USES _____ is a hard brittle heat-resistant material made by firing a mixture of clay and chemicals at
high temperature (a) Plastic (b) Rubber (c) Ceramic (d) Wood
Rubber is a non-metal product. It looks like plastics but is more elastic than plastic. It can be
stretched easily .It returns to its original length when it is released after being stretched. Rubber The following are properties of ceramics except (a) Ceramics are resistant to corrosion (b)They can
does not allow water to pass through it. Rubber floats on water. withstand very high temperature (c)They are electrical resistant .(d)ceramics are not brittle

The two types of rubber are natural or synthetic rubber. ______ is a light material that is produced by chemical processes and can be formed into
shapes when heated (a) Rubber (b) Plastic (c) Metal (d) Wood
Natural rubber comes from a milky liquid called LATEX which is extracted from the rubber tree.
Synthetic rubber is produced from organic material derived from petroleum. _______ are plastic materials that become soft and pliable when heated, without a change in
their intrinsic properties (a) Thermometers (b) Thermo engine ( c) Thermosets (d) Thermoplastics
USES OF RUBBER
Rubber can be processed by the following methods except (a) Vacuum forming (b) Extrusion (c)
It is used to make tyres for vehicles, hand gloves, electrical insulation. Calendaring and Compression moulding (d) Injection moulding

It can be used to make buckets, rain coats, rain boots, catapults, THEORY

It can be used as an elastic, water proof, shock absorber. Differentiate between thermosets and thermoplastic materials.

Define rubber materials and uses.

METHODS OF PROCESSING PLASTICS AND RUBBER

Plastic can be processed by

Vacuum forming

Extrusion

Calendaring

Compression moulding

Injection moulding

Rubber can be processed by

1. Vacuum forming

2. Extrusion

3. Calendaring

4. Compression moulding

EVALUATION

Define rubber materials and state 3 uses of it.