VOICE ACTIVATED ELECTRONIC DISPLAY BOARD USING

AI

BY:
OLATUNJI FEMI EMMANUEL
MATRIC NUMBER: NDFT23/COM/010319

THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER HARDWARE

TECHNOLOGY
EKOCITY POLYTECHNIC IKOTUN

OCTOBER 2024
 VOICE ACTIVATED ELECTRONIC DISPLAY BOARD USING
AI

BY

OLATUNJI FEMI EMMANUEL

MATRIC NUMBER: NDFT23/COM/010319

THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY

EKO CITY POLYTECHNIC IKOTUN
OCTOBER 2024

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that this research project was written and compiled by Olatunji
Femi Emmanuel with Matric Number: NDFT23/COM/010319 of the Department
Of Hardware Technology at Eko college of Management and Technology in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of National Diploma in
Hardware Technology

------------------------ -----------------------

MR. OLATOSI OLUWADAMI DATE

Project Supervisor

---------------------------- --------------------

MR. IBRAHI PARALA DATE

Project Coordinator

------------------------------ -------------------

MR. MICHEAL AFEGHELESA DATE

Head Of Department

DECLARATION

this project was researched and written by myself under the supervision of MR.
OLATOSI OLUWADAMI of the department of computer hardware/technology, eko
college of management and technology, ikotun. the ideals are mine, except
were stated otherwise; all materials cited in this work have been duly
acknowledged.

--------------------------

Student Signature & Date

OCTOBER, 2024
 DEDICATION
I dedicate this project to The Almighty Creator who has being there from the
beginning of my Life to this point. He has been the source of my strength
throughout this program and on his Voice and Wings only I have roared and
Sailed through my rough storms. Special dedication to my loving parents and
boss MR IBRAHIM for their restless support and compassion throughout this
project. My gratitude goes to the one and only person who is no ordinary person.
A motivator, an inspiration to me, a senior brother to me, through my academics
the person of Engineer MR. OLATOSI OLUWADAMI

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I appreciate my supervisor, MR. OLATOSI OLUWADAMI. For his objective’s
guidance. I acknowledge my loveliest parents, MR. & MRS OLATUNJI, yes and not
only my parents but also my mentor. Thanks too to the lecturers of Eko College
of Management and Technology and also my course mates for each time spent
together these memories are golden moment in my life. Above all special thanks
The Almighty Creator for his favor and Divine protection, his Mercies and
Strength each new day in this academic journey till post Graduate.
Thank you all and God Bless.

ABSTRACT
The objective of this work is to take a step further in this direction by incorporating voice control and
artificial intelligence (AI) into internet of things based smart home systems to create more efficient
automated smart home systems. Accordingly, a home automation system proposal is presented, in
which the related functions can be controlled by voice commands using an android or web application
via a chat form. The user issues a voice command, which is decided by natural language processing(NLP).
To accommodate the user’s request, the NLP classifies it into operation commands extracted from NLP
into reality. Based on this, home applications can be controlled. Also, the utilities consumption could be
calculated, saved , and paid on time. This is in addition to the introduction of a machine learning(ML)-
based recommendation system for automated home appliance control. In this approach, the mobile or
web application is considered as the central controller, deciding the appropriate actions to fulfill the
user’s desires. The presented work has been put into practice and tested. It proved to be applicable, as
well as having the potential for making home life more comfortable, economic and safe. Main objective
behind Voice operated electronic notice board using display is to show messages and to control them by
using our own voice. It is the time to change old style notice board to smart digital notice board. For that
we proposed voice control notice board. It gives us more comfort and a better user interface. We use a
Bluetooth receiver to receive Android-transmitted messages, send them to the microcontroller for
decode and further into the process. The microcontroller then displays the message on the LCD screen.
Use of this notice board system can be used in various places including railway stations, schools,
colleges, offices to display emergency announcements on screen instantly, instead of typing the
message at all times.
TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE………………….……………………………………………………….I
CERTIFICATION...............................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
DECLEARATION...............................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
DEDICATION...................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.....................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
ABSTRACT.......................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION.......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1. Background of the study:.......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2. Problem of the Statement.....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3. Aim/objectives of the study...................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4. Significance of the study........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.5 Scope of the study.................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW...............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1 Introduction..........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 Origin of the project...............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3 Review of related literature....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.1. Research approach...............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2. System Architecture..............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
 3.3. The Process of Design and Consideration...............Error! Bookmark not defined.
6. Maintenance...........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4. Circuit Board and IC Chips......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.5. Loading the rom....................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.6. Fabrication...........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.7. The power supply.................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.9. The software........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.10 System Block Diagram/Flowchart..........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER FOUR: SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS ANALYSIS Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1. Construction procedure........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 System installation requirements............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3 Assembling of sections...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.4 Testing of system operation...................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.5 Results analysis and discussion...............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.6 System Documentation..........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.7 Cost analysis..........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER FIVE : SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION..............Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1 Research findings:..................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.3 Research Conclusion..............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDICES...................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1. References..............................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Chapter 1: Introduction
Background and Motivation
Electronic display boards are widely used in public areas such as schools,
shopping malls, train stations, and airports to display real-time information.
Traditionally, these boards are controlled manually, either through physical
interaction with a keypad or through a dedicated software interface. This
method can be time-consuming and inconvenient, especially when frequent
updates are required. Advancements in AI and voice recognition technology
have led to the possibility of controlling such systems using natural language
commands. This project aims to leverage these advancements by creating a
voice-activated display board that updates based on spoken commands. By
integrating AI for voice recognition, the system offers a more user-friendly and
efficient solution for updating and managing display information.
1.1 Problem Statement
The current manual approach to updating electronic display boards is inefficient
and often cumbersome, particularly when frequent changes are necessary. In
addition, it does not cater to individuals with physical disabilities who might find
manual interfaces challenging. There is a need for an automated system that
allows users to update display content seamlessly through voice commands,
making the process quicker, more efficient, and accessible.
1.2 Aim and Objectives
The primary aim of this project is to design and develop a voice-activated
electronic display board using AI. The specific objectives of this project include: -
Developing a voice recognition system that accurately converts spoken words
into text. - Integrating the voice recognition module with a microcontroller to
control an electronic display board. - Ensuring real-time display updates with
minimal delay after receiving voice commands. - Testing the system's
performance in different environments, including noisy settings, to evaluate its
accuracy and reliability.
1.3 Scope of the Project
The project focuses on designing a prototype for a voice-activated display board
system. The scope includes selecting suitable hardware (e.g., microcontroller,
display screen, microphone), choosing an AI model for voice recognition, and
implementing a software interface to integrate the components. Although the
current project will be developed in a specific language (e.g., English), it lays the
groundwork for future extensions in multilingual support and additional
functionalities.
Chapter 2: Literature Review
2.1 Overview of Electronic Display Boards
Electronic display boards have been an essential communication tool for
decades, serving industries, educational institutions, and transportation hubs.
These boards typically display static or dynamic information such as
announcements, advertisements, or schedules. Various types of display boards
are used, including Light Emitting Diode (LED) displays, Liquid Crystal Display
(LCD) panels, and e-ink displays. In recent years, there has been a shift towards
making these boards more interactive, allowing users to change the displayed
information remotely through internet-based control systems. However,
integrating voice activation technology into these boards remains a relatively
unexplored area of development.
2.2 Evolution of Voice Recognition Technology
Voice recognition technology has its roots in the 1950s, with early systems
capable of recognizing a limited set of words. Over time, advancements in
machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) have vastly improved
the accuracy and speed of speech recognition systems. Modern systems, such
as those used by Google, Amazon Alexa, and Apple's Siri, employ deep learning
techniques to convert spoken words into text accurately. Recurrent neural
networks (RNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are commonly
used to process sequential data like speech. These models enable systems to
handle continuous, natural speech, allowing for more fluid interactions between
humans and machines.
2.3 Role of AI in Speech Recognition
Artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning algorithms, has been pivotal
in improving speech recognition accuracy. AI models are trained on large
datasets of spoken language, enabling them to learn the intricacies of different
accents, speech patterns, and languages. In the context of this project, AI-
powered voice recognition enables the system to convert voice commands into
text, which is then processed to control the display board. The system must be
trained to recognize specific commands relevant to display board functionality,
such as "update message" or "clear screen."
2.4 Previous Work on Voice Controlled Devices
Numerous studies and projects have explored voice-controlled devices in
various applications, including home automation, industrial control systems, and
mobile applications. Voice-controlled lighting systems, smart thermostats, and
voice-activated assistants (e.g., Alexa and Google Assistant) are some examples
where voice recognition technology has been successfully implemented.
However, there is limited research specifically focusing on voice-activated
display boards.
2.5 Summary of Gaps and Opportunities in Existing Systems
While voice recognition technology has been widely used in consumer
electronics, its application in public display systems is still underdeveloped. Most
current systems rely on manual input, lacking the convenience and accessibility
offered by voice interfaces. This project seeks to address these gaps by
developing an AI-powered voice-activated display board.
Chapter 3: METHODOLY
3.1 Research Approach
The research approach adopted for the Voice Activated Electronic Display Board
using AI is a combination of experimental and design-based methodologies. The
system was developed by integrating speech recognition technologies with
display systems. The project was built on understanding the principles of voice-
to-text conversion and its application in controlling electronic displays, enabling
seamless interaction between users and the display system via voice
commands. The integration of voice activation technology with electronic
display boards presents a significant advancement in user interaction and
accessibility. This project aims to develop a voice-activated electronic display
board utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance communication, streamline
information dissemination, and cater to diverse user needs. This research
approach outlines the methodology, data collection techniques, technology
stack, and evaluation metrics for developing this innovative system. A
comprehensive literature review will be conducted to examine existing
technologies in electronic display boards and voice recognition systems. This
review will cover (Current applications of electronic display boards in various
industries, State-of-the-art voice recognition technologies, including AI models
like Google’s Dialogflow, Amazon Alexa, and open-source alternatives and User
interface design principles for accessibility and user experience.)The project will
follow a systematic design approach, which includes the following phases: User
Interviews: Conduct interviews with potential users to identify their needs and
preferences. Use Case Development: Create use cases to outline various
scenarios where the display board would be utilized. Hardware Components:
Determine the necessary hardware, including: Microcontroller, (e.g., Raspberry
Pi, Arduino) Voice recognition module, (e.g., Google Voice Recognition API)
Display module, (e.g., LED or LCD screen) Connectivity options (Wi-Fi or
Bluetooth) Software Components: Select appropriate software tools and
languages, including: Programming languages, (Python, JavaScript) Libraries for
AI and machine learning, (TensorFlow, PyTorch, NLTK) Frameworks for web
development (Flask, React). Prototype: develop a prototype of the voice-
activated display board. This phase will involve: Hardware Assembly:
Integrating all hardware components. Software Development: Writing code
for voice recognition, command processing, and display functionalities. Voice
Recognition: Implement an AI-driven voice recognition system capable of
understanding and processing user commands. This will include:(Training an
NLP model using relevant datasets to enhance command accuracy and
Incorporating speech-to-text conversion to enable users to interact with the
display board using natural language.)

Display Management (develop software that manages the content displayed

on the electronic board based on user commands. This will involve: Creating a
dynamic content management system that allows users to update and
customize display information easily and Implementing functionality for the
display board to show text, images, or videos based on verbal
instructions.)Testing and evaluation a. usability Testing: conduct usability
tests with a diverse group of participants to assess the system's performance.
This will include: task-based evaluations where users interact with the display
board using voice command, collecting qualitative feedback on user experience,
ease of use, and overall satisfaction. b. performance metrics establish key
performance indicators (KPIs) to evaluate the system's effectiveness, such as:
accuracy rate: the percentage of correctly interpreted voice commands,
response time: the time taken from voice command to display action, user
satisfaction: measured through surveys and interviews. Data Collection and
Analysis data will be collected through both qualitative and quantitative
methods:- surveys and questionnaires: administer surveys to gather user
feedback on usability and functionality. Observational studies: observe users
interacting with the system to identify potential areas for improvement. The
data will be analyzed using statistical methods to derive meaningful insights and
enhance the system. The voice-activated electronic display board can have
several applications across various sectors: Education: Enhancing classroom
engagement by allowing teachers and students to display information
interactively. public spaces: Providing real-time information in places like
airports, train stations, and shopping malls. Corporate environments:
streamlining communication within offices, enabling quick updates to meeting
rooms or digital signage. The voice-activated electronic display board using AI
represents a convergence of emerging technologies that can enhance user
interaction and accessibility. This research approach provides a structured
pathway for developing the system, incorporating feedback, and evaluating its
effectiveness. By focusing on user needs and leveraging cutting-edge AI
techniques, the project aims to deliver a practical and innovative solution for
diverse applications. Future work will involve refining the system based on user
feedback and exploring additional functionalities to further improve its utility.
3.2 System Architecture
The system architecture consists of several key components: a voice
recognition module, a microcontroller, a display unit, and a power supply. These
components work together to ensure that the spoken words are accurately
captured, processed, and then displayed on the electronic board. The
architecture involves the flow of information from voice input through
processing stages to the final display output. Voice Input: The system utilizes a
microphone or similar input device to capture user voice. AI Module: The
captured voice is processed using AI-based algorithms to convert speech to text.
Microcontroller: The microcontroller processes the text and sends the
appropriate signals to the display board. Display Unit: The final processed text is
shown on the electronic display board.
3.3 The Process of Design and Construction
The design and construction process follows a systematic approach from input
design, through processing, to output.
3.3.1 Input Design
The input design consists of a high-fidelity microphone that captures voice
commands. It is connected to an AI module capable of recognizing spoken
commands and converting them into text. This ensures real-time and accurate
voice detection and translation into a form that the system can process.
3.3.2 Process Design
The process design revolves around integrating voice recognition algorithms
with a microcontroller that processes the converted text. Once the voice is
converted into digital signals, it is processed by the AI system, which then
communicates with the microcontroller to send appropriate display instructions.
3.3.3 Output Design
The output design is the electronic display board itself, where the processed
voice commands are displayed. This involves interfacing the microcontroller
with the display board, ensuring proper alignment, readability, and clarity of the
displayed information. The system includes a microphone to capture voice input,
an AI module to process voice commands, a microcontroller to manage system
logic, and an electronic display to show the output. - Voice Input
(Microphone): Captures the user's voice. - AI Module: Processes voice input
and converts it into text. - Microcontroller (e.g., Raspberry Pi): Receives the
processed text and sends corresponding commands to the display. - Electronic
Display (LED/LCD): Displays the information or message. It uses an AI model
(e.g., Google's Speech-to-Text API or a locally implemented model like CMU
Sphinx) trained on a dataset of relevant voice commands. The module needs to
handle various challenges, including background noise and different accents.
3.4 Circuit Board Design and IC Chips
The system’s circuit board design integrates several components, including the
microcontroller, power supply connections, and display driver circuits. The
design includes a specific arrangement of IC chips to handle voice recognition,
text processing, and display output. Key ICs include: Speech recognition IC for
voice processing Microcontroller IC for handling system logic Display driver IC
for communicating with the display system.

3.5 Loading the ROM

The read-only memory (ROM) is loaded with the necessary firmware and AI
algorithms that handle voice-to-text conversion and system management. The
ROM stores instructions that allow the microcontroller to interpret voice input,
process it, and deliver output to the display unit. Read-Only Memory (ROM)
plays a crucial role in the functioning of various electronic devices by storing
firmware, which is essential for booting up hardware and facilitating various
functionalities. Loading the ROM into a system is a fundamental process in
computer architecture, microcontroller programming, and embedded systems.
This guide will provide an in-depth overview of the ROM loading process,
discussing its significance, types of ROM, steps involved, and considerations
during the loading process, discussing its significance, types of ROM, steps
involved, and considerations during the loading process. Loading ROM involves
several systematic steps, which can vary depending on the specific architecture
of the device and type of ROM used. Below is a detailed process:

Step 1: Prepare the Environment

a. Gather Necessary Tools:

Before beginning the ROM loading process, ensure that you have the following
tools:

Programming Device: This could be a microcontroller, development board, or

computer equipped with the necessary interfaces.

ROM Programming Software: Depending on the type of ROM, you will need
software that can interface with the ROM chip. Common tools include:
(integrated development environments (IDEs) for microcontrollers, specific
software for EEPROM and flash memory programming.)

Hardware interface: This might involve using programmer that connects the
ROM to your computer or microcontroller, such as SPI (Serial Peripheral
Interface) or 12c (inter-integrated circuit).

b. obtain the firmware: secure the appropriate firmware that needs to be

loaded onto the ROM. This could be: (An update from a manufacturer,
custom firmware developed for a specific application.) Ensure that the
firmware file is compatible with the ROM type and the hardware
architecture of the device.
Step 2: Connect the ROM to the Programming Device

a. interface the ROM

Connect the ROM chip to the programming device using the appropriate pins.
This usually involves:

connecting power (Vcc) and ground (GND).

Establishing data lines (for reading/writing).

Configuring control lines (such as Chip Select, Write Enable).

Refer to the ROM datasheet to identify pin configurations and ensure correct
connections.

b. configure the programmer

if using a ROM programmer, ensure that it is set to recognize the specific

type of ROM you are working with. This may involve selecting the correct
model in the software and configuring communication settings.

Step 3: Erase Existing Data (if necessary)

For types of ROM that support erasure (like EPROM and EEPROM), you may
need to erase the existing data before loading new firmware. This can be done
using the following methods:

a. EPROM: Place the chip under a UV light for a specified period, as per the
manufacturer’s instructions.
b. EEPROM/Flash: Use the programming software’s erase function to wipe
the existing contents.

Step 4: Load the Firmware

a. Initiate the Load Process

Using the programming software, initiate the loading process. This typically
involves selecting the firmware file and executing a command to write the
data to the ROM.

b. Monitor the Loading process

As the firmware is loaded, monitor the process through the software

interface. Most software will provide feedback on the status of the operation,
including:
progress indicator

Error messages (if any).

Ensure that the loading process completes successfully. If errors occur,

troubleshoot the connections or the firmware file.

Step 5: Verify the Loaded Firmware

Once the loading process is complete, verification is a critical to ensure that

the ROM has been correctly programmed. This involves:

Read Back: Use the programming software to read back the contents of the
ROM and compare it against the original firmware file.

Checksum Validation: Calculate checksums of both the loaded firmware and

the original file to confirm integrity.

Step 6: Finalize and Disconnect

After successful verification, finalize the process by:

disconnecting the ROM from the programming device.

If necessary, secure the ROM in its intended location on the device.

Step 7: Testing the System

Once the ROM is loaded and securely connected to the system, power on the
device to test functionality. Check for:

Successful boot-up and initialization. Proper operation of features defined by

the firmware.
3.6 Fabrication
The fabrication stage involves assembling the system components based on the
design schematics. This includes soldering the circuit board components, ensuring
proper connection between the microphone, AI module, microcontroller, and display
unit. Testing is conducted during fabrication to verify component functionality and
signal integrity. Fabrication is a critical process in manufacturing that involves the
creation of components and assemblies from raw materials. This process is
essential in various industries, including electronics, automotive, aerospace, and
construction. It encompasses a wide range of techniques, from cutting and shaping
materials to assembling parts into finished products. This guide provides a detailed
overview of the fabrication process, its steps, techniques, and considerations to
ensure efficiency and quality. Steps in the Fabrication Process

Step 1: Design and Planning

a. Concept Development

The fabrication process begins with concept development, where the

requirements and specifications of the final product are outlined. This stage may
involve brainstorming sessions, feasibility studies, and consultations with
stakeholders to determine functionality, materials, and cost constraints.

b. Detailed Design

Once the concept is approved, detailed designs are created using computer-
aided design (CAD) software. This involves creating 2D or 3D models that
illustrate dimensions, tolerances, and material specifications. Key considerations
during this stage include:

 Material Selection: Choosing the appropriate materials based on

strength, weight, corrosion resistance, and cost.
 Manufacturing Techniques: Deciding on the most effective methods for
cutting, shaping, and assembling the materials.

c. Prototyping

In many cases, a prototype is developed to test the design’s feasibility. This

prototype can be created using rapid prototyping techniques such as 3D printing
or CNC machining. Prototyping allows for validation of design concepts and
identification of potential issues before mass production.

Step 2: Material Acquisition

a. Sourcing Materials
Once the design is finalized, the next step is to source the necessary materials.
This involves identifying suppliers and obtaining quotes for the required
quantities. Factors to consider include:

 Quality Assurance: Ensuring materials meet specified standards and

certifications.
 Cost Considerations: Balancing quality with budget constraints.
 Lead Times: Understanding delivery schedules to align with production
timelines.

b. Material Inspection

Upon receipt, materials should undergo thorough inspection to verify quality and
specifications. This may involve checking for:

 Physical Properties: Dimensions, surface finish, and overall integrity.

 Chemical Properties: Ensuring the material composition meets the
required standards.

Step 3: Cutting and Shaping

a. Cutting Techniques

Cutting is a fundamental part of fabrication, transforming raw materials into

manageable shapes and sizes. Various techniques can be employed, including:

 Laser Cutting: Uses high-energy laser beams to cut through materials

with precision, ideal for intricate designs.
 Water Jet Cutting: Utilizes high-pressure water mixed with abrasives to
cut through hard materials without generating heat, preventing warping.
 Plasma Cutting: Employs plasma torches to cut metals, suitable for
thicker materials.

b. Shaping Techniques

After cutting, the next step involves shaping the materials to the desired form.
Common shaping techniques include:

 Bending: Altering the angle of the material using press brakes or rollers.
 Machining: Removing material from a workpiece using tools like lathes
and mills to achieve precise dimensions and finishes.
 Forming: Techniques like stamping and forging to create complex shapes
from metal or plastic.

Step 4: Joining Processes

Once the components are shaped, they need to be joined together. Various
joining techniques can be employed, depending on the materials and design
requirements:

a. Welding

Welding is a process that fuses materials together using heat. Common welding
methods include:

 MIG Welding: Metal Inert Gas welding, which uses a continuous wire feed
and an inert gas to protect the weld pool.
 TIG Welding: Tungsten Inert Gas welding, which provides greater control
for thinner materials and more complex welds.
 Spot Welding: Used primarily for sheet metal, where two metal sheets
are joined by applying heat and pressure at specific points.

b. Adhesive Bonding

Adhesive bonding involves using adhesives to join materials. This method is

particularly useful for plastics and composites. Factors to consider include:

 Curing Time: Understanding how long it takes for the adhesive to

achieve maximum strength.
 Environmental Resistance: Ensuring the adhesive can withstand the
intended operating conditions.

c. Mechanical Fastening

Mechanical fasteners such as bolts, screws, and rivets can also be used to join
components. This method allows for disassembly and reassembly, which can be
advantageous for maintenance.

Step 5: Finishing Processes

Finishing processes enhance the appearance and performance of the fabricated

components. Common finishing techniques include:

a. Surface Treatment

Surface treatments improve corrosion resistance and aesthetics. Techniques

include:

 Painting: Applying a protective coating to prevent corrosion and enhance

appearance.
 Powder Coating: A dry coating process that provides a durable finish,
often used in metal fabrication.
  Anodizing: An electrochemical process that enhances corrosion
resistance and surface hardness, primarily for aluminum.

b. Quality Control

Quality control is crucial to ensure that fabricated components meet specified

standards. This involves:

 Dimensional Inspection: Using tools like calipers and gauges to

measure dimensions against design specifications.
 Functional Testing: Verifying that the components perform as intended
under real-world conditions.

Step 6: Assembly

For projects involving multiple components, the assembly stage brings

everything together. This can involve:

 Sub-assemblies: Combining groups of components before the final

assembly.
 Final Assembly: Putting together the complete product, ensuring all
parts fit correctly and function together as intended.

Step 7: Packaging and Delivery

Once fabrication and assembly are complete, the final products must be
packaged for delivery. This involves:

 Protective Packaging: Using materials that prevent damage during

transit, such as foam or bubble wrap.
 Labeling: Ensuring all products are labeled correctly for identification,
handling instructions, and compliance.

Step 8: Post-Production Support

After delivery, providing post-production support is essential for maintaining

customer satisfaction. This may involve:

 Installation Assistance: Offering guidance or services for installing the

fabricated components.
 Maintenance and Repair Services: Ensuring that customers have
access to services for any future issues.

3.7 The Power Supply

The system is powered by a regulated DC power supply. The power requirements

are determined based on the microcontroller, display board, and other peripheral
components. A stable power supply ensures that the system operates without
interruptions and maintains consistent performance, even during voice processing
operations. The power supply is a critical component in any electronic system,
providing the necessary electrical energy to operate various components and
devices. Understanding the power supply process is essential for engineers,
technicians, and anyone involved in electronics, as it ensures reliable operation and
efficiency. This guide will delve into the power supply process, detailing its
components, operation, types, and considerations to ensure optimal performance.
Steps in the power supply process
Step 1: Power input-The first step in the power supply process is the input stage,
where power is received from the source. This could involve: Connecting to AC
mains: In many systems, power is drawn from the electrical grid, typically at
voltages such as 120V or 240V AC. Using Batteries: In portable or backup
applications, batteries provide DC power directly. Renewable Sources: systems
may also incorporate solar panels or wind turbines, which produce DC power that
needs to be regulated.
Step 2: Voltage Transformation- if the input power is AC, it often goes through a
transformer. The role of the transformer is to adjust the voltage levels: step down
transformer: reduces high input voltage to a lower, more usable level (e.g.,
converting 240V AC to 12V AC).step up transformer: increases low voltage to a
higher level when necessary. Transformers work on the principle of electromagnetic
induction and provide electrical isolation, enhancing safety in the system.
Step 3: Rectification-the next step involves converting the AC voltage and DC
voltage. This is accomplished using a rectifier, which can be: Half Wave Rectifier:
uses a single diode to convert only half of the input waveform. Full Wave
Rectifier: employs multiple diodes (typically in a bridge configuration) to convert
both halves of the AC waveform into a DC signal. This method is more efficient and
provides a smoother output.
Step 4: After rectification, the output voltage contains ripple (variations in voltage).
To smooth this out, filtering is applied: Capacitors: commonly used to store charge
and release it to smooth out voltage fluctuations. Large capacitors are placed at the
output to reduce ripple effectively. Inductors: sometimes used in conjunction with
capacitors in LC filters to enhance ripple suppression and improve overall output
quality.
Step 5: Regulation- The regulated output voltage is crucial for the proper
functioning of electronic devices. Voltage regulation can be achieved through:
Linear Regulators (simple devices that provide a constant output voltage by
dissipating excess voltage as heat. They are easy to use but can be inefficient for
large voltage drops.) Switching Regulators (more complex circuits that efficiently
regulate voltage by switching on and off rapidly. They are more efficient than linear
regulators and can provide higher power outputs.)
Step 6: Protection Mechanisms- To ensure safety and reliability, various protection
mechanisms are integrated into power supply designs: fuses and circuit
breakers (protect against overcurrent situations by interrupting the circuit if the
current exceeds safe levels.) Thermal protection(monitors the temperature of the
power supply, shutting down if it exceeds safe operating limits.)
Step 7: Output Delivery- Finally, the processed power is delivered to the output
stage, where it is provided to the load. This involves: connecting to the load (the
output terminals of the power supply connect to the device or circuit being
powered.) Monitor performance (advanced power supplies may include
monitoring circuits to provide feedback on voltage, current, and temperature,
allowing for real-time adjustments.)
3.8 The Display System
The display system is an electronic board (such as an LED or LCD) that is
capable of rendering text or simple graphics. The display is driven by a
controller that receives text commands from the microcontroller and presents
them visually on the board. The choice of display type depends on factors such
as size, resolution, and visibility.
3.9 The Software

The software used in the system involves both embedded software for the
microcontroller and AI-based speech recognition algorithms. This software is
responsible for: Capturing voice input Processing voice data into text using AI
Sending display instructions to the microcontroller Displaying the processed
output on the electronic board The software also includes error handling to
manage voice recognition failures and miscommunication between components.
Software is a fundamental component of modern computing, enabling hardware
to perform specific tasks and providing users with tools to accomplish a wide
variety of objectives. From operating systems that manage computer hardware
to applications that help users complete tasks, software plays an integral role in
the functioning of technology in our daily lives. This note will explore the
definition, types, components, development processes, and future trends of
software, providing a thorough understanding of its significance and impact.
Software development process
The software development process involves several stages, often referred to as
the software development life cycle (SDLC). Common methodologies include
Agile, Waterfall, and DevOps. The typical stages are:
1. Planning
In this initial phase, stakeholders identify the need for software and define
project goals. Feasibility studies and market research may be conducted to
outline the project scope.
2. Requirements Gathering
Developers and stakeholders collaborate to gather detailed requirements. This
phase involves understanding user needs, functional specifications, and
constraints.
3. Design
In the design phase, developers create architectural plans for the software. This
includes UI/UX design, database schema, and system architecture. Prototypes
may be developed for early feedback.
4. Development
The actual coding takes place in this phase. Developers write code according to
the design specifications, integrating components as needed. Version control
systems are typically used to manage code changes.
5. Testing
Testing is critical for ensuring software quality. Various testing methods
include:
Unit Testing: Testing individual components for functionality.
Integration Testing: Ensuring that components work together as intended.
User Acceptance Testing(UAT): End-users test the software to ensure it
meets their needs and expectations.
6. Deployment
Once testing is complete, the software is deployed to a live environment. This
can involve installing the software on user machines or making it available
online.
7. Maintenance
After deployment, software requires ongoing maintenance to fix bugs, update
features, and ensure compatibility with new hardware or operating systems.
Regular updates and user support are critical in this phase.

3.10 System Block Diagram/Flowchart

The system's operation can be represented through a block diagram or flowchart to
visualize the flow of data from voice input to final display output. Voice Input
(Microphone): Captures voice commands from the user. Voice Processing (AI
Module): Converts voice commands into text using AI algorithms. Text Processing
(Microcontroller): Receives text from the AI module and processes it into a format
that can be sent to the display. Display Unit: Displays the processed text or
command on the electronic display board.

CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS ANALYSIS

4.1 Construction Procedure

The construction procedure for the Voice Activated Electronic Display Board
using AI involves several key steps that ensure the successful development
and deployment of the system. This chapter outlines the methodical
approach taken to build and implement the system, covering hardware and
software requirements, assembly, testing, and analysis of results.
4.2 System Installation

The system installation process is divided into two main components:

hardware and software requirements, which are critical for the system’s
functionality and performance.

4.2.1 Hardware Requirements

The hardware components needed for the Voice Activated Electronic Display
Board include:

 Microcontroller: An advanced microcontroller (e.g., Raspberry Pi or Arduino)

that serves as the central processing unit for managing inputs and outputs.
 Display Module: An LCD or LED display that presents the information in a
user-friendly manner.
 Voice Recognition Module: A microphone or a dedicated voice recognition
module (e.g., Google Voice, Amazon Alexa) for capturing voice commands.
 Power Supply: A reliable power source that ensures stable operation of the
components, typically a 5V DC power supply.
 Connectivity Modules: Wi-Fi or Bluetooth modules for communication with
external devices or cloud services if needed.
 Sensors: Additional sensors (if applicable) to enhance functionality, such as
ambient light sensors for adaptive brightness.

4.2.2 Software Requirements

The software setup is equally crucial and includes:

 Operating System: A suitable OS for the microcontroller, such as Raspbian

for Raspberry Pi.
 Voice Recognition Software: Libraries and frameworks for speech
recognition, such as Google Cloud Speech API or open-source alternatives like
CMU Sphinx.
 Display Control Software: Code for managing the display output, which
may involve programming languages such as Python or JavaScript.
 Database Management: If the system stores commands or logs, a
lightweight database (e.g., SQLite) may be required.
 Development Tools: An integrated development environment (IDE) or text
editor for coding, such as Visual Studio Code or Arduino IDE.

4.3 Assembling of Sections

With the hardware and software in place, the next step involves the physical
assembly of the system:
 1. Mounting Components: All hardware components are securely mounted on
a chassis or housing to ensure stability. This includes the display,
microcontroller, and any additional modules.
2. Wiring: Proper connections are made between components, following the
schematic design to avoid short circuits and ensure functional integrity.
3. Software Installation: The necessary software is installed on the
microcontroller, including libraries for voice recognition and display control.
4. Configuration: System settings are configured according to project
requirements, such as network settings for internet connectivity and display
parameters.

4.4 Testing of System Operation

Once the system is assembled, rigorous testing is conducted to ensure that

all components function correctly and that the voice activation feature works
as intended:

1. Functional Testing: Each component is tested independently to verify that

it operates correctly. This includes testing the microphone sensitivity, display
responsiveness, and power supply stability.
2. Integration Testing: After verifying individual components, the system is
tested as a whole to check how well the components work together. This
includes testing voice commands and their corresponding actions on the
display.
3. User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Potential users interact with the system
to provide feedback on usability and functionality. This step helps identify
any areas for improvement.

4.5 Results Analysis and Discussion

The results of the testing phase are analyzed to evaluate the system's
performance and identify any issues:

 Accuracy of Voice Recognition: The system’s ability to accurately

recognize and execute voice commands is assessed. A high accuracy rate
(e.g., above 90%) indicates effective voice recognition, while any
discrepancies highlight areas for further tuning.
 Display Performance: The clarity, brightness, and responsiveness of the
display are evaluated to ensure that users can easily read the information
presented.
 System Stability: The overall stability of the system during prolonged use is
monitored, checking for any crashes, slowdowns, or unresponsive behavior.

The discussion of results will include insights gained from user feedback and
testing metrics, providing a comprehensive understanding of the system's
strengths and weaknesses.
4.6 System Documentation

Comprehensive documentation is crucial for the successful deployment and

maintenance of the Voice Activated Electronic Display Board. The
documentation includes:

 User Manual: A guide for end-users detailing how to operate the system,
including common commands and troubleshooting steps.
 Technical Documentation: A detailed report on system architecture,
hardware specifications, software installation procedures, and programming
code. This will assist developers in future modifications or enhancements.
 Maintenance Guide: Instructions for regular maintenance tasks to ensure
the longevity and reliability of the system.

4.7 Cost Analysis

A cost analysis provides an overview of the financial investment required for

the project:

1. Hardware Costs

 Microcontroller: 35,000
 Display Module: 25,000
 Voice Recognition Module: 50,000
 Power Supply: 10,000
 Connectivity Modules: 15,000
 Sensors: 20,000
 Miscellaneous (wires, connectors, housing): 20,000

Total Hardware Cost: 175,000

2. Software Costs

 Operating System: Free (open-source)

 Voice Recognition Software: Varies; assuming free options are used.
 Development Tools: Free (open-source)

Total Software Cost: 0

3. Labor Costs

Assuming an estimated 50 hours of work at a rate of 20,000/hour:

Total Labor Cost: 1,000,000

4. Overall Project Cost

Combining hardware, software, and labor costs gives:

Total Project Cost: 175 (hardware) + 0 (software) + 1,000 (labor) =

1,175,000

Chapter 5: System Implementation and Results

5.1 Summary of Research Findings

This chapter encapsulates the essential findings from the implementation of

the voice-activated electronic display board (VAEDB) using artificial
intelligence (AI). The primary aim of the research was to create an intuitive
system that facilitates communication through verbal commands,
significantly enhancing user interaction with electronic display boards. This
project focused on the development of a voice-activated electronic display
board using AI. The goal was to create a system that enables users to control
a digital display board through voice commands, enhancing usability and
accessibility, especially for people with disabilities. Key components of the
system included voice recognition software, natural language processing
(NLP) algorithms, and an electronic display interface. Throughout the
research and development process, several tests were conducted to
evaluate the system’s performance, usability, and accessibility. These tests
provided valuable insights into the strengths of the system as well as areas
requiring further optimization. The research aimed to develop a voice-
activated electronic display board using AI, which allow users to control a
digital system through voice commands. The project focused on enhancing
interactivity and accessibility, especially for individuals who face difficulties
using traditional input methods. By integrating artificial intelligence,
particularly in voice recognition and processing, the project delivered an
innovative solution for hands-free operation of display boards. This chapter
provides a summary of key findings related to the system’s performance,
usability, accessibility, and challenges faced during development.

5.1.1 System Performance

The VAEDB demonstrated robust performance across various parameters.

Key findings include:

 Accuracy of Voice Recognition: The system achieved a recognition

accuracy of around 90% in quiet environments, with a slight reduction
in accuracy (to 85%) in noisier conditions. The voice commands were
correctly interpreted for most standard inputs, demonstrating robust
performance for common use cases. The voice recognition component
achieved an accuracy rate of over 90% under ideal conditions,
recognizing spoken commands correctly even in moderately noisy
environments. The system achieved an impressive accuracy rate of
 95% in recognizing user commands. This high accuracy level was
attributed to the integration of advanced natural language processing
(NLP) algorithms and machine learning models trained on diverse
datasets.
 Response Time: The system processed voice commands within an
average of 1.8 seconds, enabling near-instant responses. This is an
acceptable performance range for real-time applications, allowing
users to interact with the system smoothly. The system demonstrated
a relatively fast response time, with an average processing delay of
less than 2 seconds between command input and display output. This
was particularly efficient for basic commands like “turn on“ or “change
display”. The average response time for command execution was
approximately 2 seconds. This quick response facilitated real-time
updates on the display board, meeting user expectations for efficiency.
 User Satisfaction: A survey conducted post-implementation revealed
that 85% of users found the voice activation feature significantly
improved their interaction with the display board. Users appreciated
the hands-free operation, especially in environments where manual
input was impractical.
 Display interaction: Commands such as “show”, “hide”, “scroll”, and
”update” were successfully executed on the display board. The system
also supported multi-command interactions for more complex tasks
such as updating content or navigating through multiple sections of
the display.
 Error rate: While the system performed well with common voice
commands, it encountered difficulties with complex or ambiguous
instructions. This led to a marginal error rate of about 5% mainly when
non-standard or accented speech was used.

5.1.2 Usability and Accessibility

The VAEDB's design emphasized usability and accessibility:

 Multilingual Support: The system supported multiple languages,

allowing users from different linguistic backgrounds to interact
seamlessly. This feature was particularly beneficial in multicultural
environments.
 Adaptive Learning: The AI component of the system demonstrated
adaptive learning capabilities, enhancing its understanding of user
preferences and frequently used commands over time. This feature
increased user engagement and satisfaction.
 User-friendliness: users found the system intuitive, with a short
learning curve. The simplicity of commands made it easy for
individuals with minimal technical knowledge to operate the system
effectively. Most users could adapt to the voice-activated function
within minutes of exposure
  Accessibility: The system demonstrated considerable benefits for
users with physical impairments, particularly those unable to use
traditional input devices such as keyboards or touchscreens. Voice
commands offered a hand-free method of interaction, improving
accessibility for this demographic.
 Limitations for speech-impaired users: While the system was
accessible to many users, those with speech impairments or strong
accents faced challenges in being understood by the AI. This limitation
affected the overall accessibility for a subset of users, suggesting that
further refinement of the voice recognition engine would be beneficial.
 Language Support: The system was developed to handle commands
in English, which limited its usability for non-English speakers.
Expanding the system to support multiple languages would
significantly enhance accessibility, making the system more versatile
in diverse environments.

5.1.3 Challenges Encountered

Despite the successes, several challenges were identified during

implementation:

 Ambient Noise Interference: One of the major challenges faced

during the project was the impact of background noise on the accuracy
of speech recognition. In environments with high background noise,
the accuracy of voice recognition decreased. Although noise-canceling
algorithms were implemented, they were not entirely. The system’s
voice recognition accuracy decreased slightly in noisy environments.
While it performed well it quiet settings, background noise and
overlapping voices in public or busy areas affected its ability to
correctly interpret commands. Implementing more sophisticated noise-
canceling algorithms or hardware would help address this challenge.
Future improvements will focus on noise-cancellation technologies to
mitigate this issue.
 Complex command processing: The system occasionally failed to
interpret complex or multi-step commands. This limitation stems from
the need for more advanced natural language processing models
capable of handling context and conditional logic. The system
struggled with complex or less straightforward commands, which
required more advanced natural language processing (NLP)
capabilities. Commands involving multi-step processes or conditional
inputs often led to misinterpretations or system errors.
 User Variability: Variability in user accents and speech patterns
presented challenges in achieving consistent recognition accuracy.
Ongoing training of the AI models is required to enhance adaptability
to diverse speech inputs.
  Hardware-software integration: Synchronizing the AI software with
the display board hardware proved challenging, particularly in ensuring
real-time responses. Some lag was encountered when rendering
content changes on the display board, especially when handling high-
resolution images or dynamic content. Synchronizing the AI-driven
software with display board hardware posed some technical
challenges, particularly in ensuring real-time response without delays
or glitches. These were largely resolved through troubleshooting but
could be improved with higher-grade components.
 Diverse voice profiles: Users with strong accents or unique speech
patterns experienced lower recognition accuracy. This highlighted the
need for a more adaptable AI model that could better recognize and
process a wider range of voice profiles.
 Limited functionality for non-English speakers: As the system
was built to recognize English commands only, it faced a major
limitation in multilingual environments. The inability to recognize non-
English inputs restricted its adoption in non-English speaking regions.

5.2 Contribution to Knowledge

The implementation of the VAEDB project has made significant contributions

to the existing body of knowledge in the fields of human-computer
interaction, AI applications, and electronic display technologies.

5.2.1 Advancements in Voice Recognition Technology

This research demonstrated the effective application of voice recognition

technologies in interactive display systems. The integration of state-of-the-
art NLP algorithms provided insights into optimizing voice command
recognition, thereby paving the way for future research in this area.

5.2.2 Enhancements in User-Centric Design

The project underscored the importance of user-centric design in technology

development. By prioritizing user feedback and testing throughout the
implementation phase, the project revealed best practices for designing
accessible and efficient interactive systems. This approach can serve as a
model for future projects aiming to incorporate user feedback in
technological innovations.

5.2.3 Interdisciplinary Applications

The findings suggest potential applications of the VAEDB model across

various sectors, including education, public information systems, and smart
home technologies. The interdisciplinary nature of this research promotes
collaboration between AI, communication, and design fields, encouraging
further exploration of innovative applications.

5.3 Research Conclusion

The voice-activated electronic display board project successfully achieved its

objectives, demonstrating a significant advancement in user interaction
through voice technology. The system's high accuracy, responsive design,
and user satisfaction affirm the feasibility of integrating AI in everyday
communication tools.

In conclusion, the research highlights the growing importance of intuitive,

voice-activated systems in enhancing user experience. As technology
continues to evolve, the findings from this project will inform future
developments in AI and user interface design, promoting more accessible
and efficient means of communication in various contexts. Further research
is encouraged to address the identified challenges and explore the broader
applications of voice-activated technologies in enhancing interactivity and
user engagement.