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Ec Lab WS 9

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11 views

Ec Lab WS 9

Uploaded by

Robin Ace Madrid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Worksheet 9

Maximum Power
Transfer
There are two common situations in electrical systems.
Often we want one subsystem to pass on a voltage signal
to a subsequent subsystem. This is called voltage
transfer. Occasionally, we want to transfer electrical
power from one subsystem to the next. This happens at
the end of an audio system, for example, where we want
the loudspeakers to receive as much power as possible
iStock_000010162335Small.j
pg
from the preceding driver subsystem.
amount of power will be transferred from one subsystem to the next when the
input resistance
of the final subsystem is equal to the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the

Over to you:
Connect two 10k resistors and a 15k
resistor, as shown in the circuit diagram.
Set the power supply to 6V.

w9a

This is the same circuit you investigated in worksheet 8. There, you


found that the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the circuit is 3.75k.
Connect the first resistor listed in the table as a load for this circuit.
Use a multimeter, set to read DC voltages of about 10V, to measure the output
voltage VOUT. Then set it on the 2mA DC range, measure the output current IOUT.
Record your measurements in the table.
Repeat this procedure for each of the resistors in turn.
If you have one, set a variable resistor to a resistance of 3.75k, (the equivalent
resistance of the circuit,) and use it as the load. As before, measure the current
through it and voltage across it.

Load Resistor Output Voltage Output Current


VOUT IOUT

1k .96V .95mA


2.2k 1.68V .75mA
5.6k 2.73V .50mA
10k 3.30V .35mA
22k 3.89V .20mA

3.75k -> 20k 3.82V .14mA

Copyright 2009 Matrix Technology Page 1


Solutions Ltd
Instructor Guide - Scheme of
work

So what?
 Power dissipated = current x voltage.
To dissipate a lot of power, both the current through the load and the voltage
across it must be big. Look at your table of results. The voltage across the load
is big when the load resistance is high. However, the current through the load is
big when the load resistance is small! Load Resistor Power Transferred
= IOUT x VOUT
 Use your measurements to calculate the
power dissipated in the load, using 1k 9.12 x10-4 W
2.2k 1.26 x10-3 W
P = IOUT x VOUT for each value of
5.6k 1.37 x10-3 W
load resistor .
Complete the table with your results. 10k 1.16 x10-3 W

22k 7.78 x10-4 W


 Plot a graph of your results, with
3.75k -> 20k 5.73 x10-4 W
‘Load’ on the x-axis, and draw a
smooth curve through your
plotted points.

1.8

1.6

A graph of a typical
1.4

set of results is shown


W 1.2
m
in
r

here:
e 1
w
P
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 5 10 15 20 25

Load in
kilohm

For your records:


Maximum power is transferred when the current through the load and
the voltage across it are both big. However, the current is big when
the load resistance is small, and the voltage across the load is big
when the load resistance is big.
These conflicting requirements lead to:
Maximum power transfer theorem:
The maximum amount of power will be transferred from one
subsystem to the next when the input resistance of the final subsystem
Copyright 2009 Matrix Technology Page 2
Solutions Ltd
Instructor Guide - Scheme of
work
is equal to the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the preceding one.

Copyright 2009 Matrix Technology Page 3


Solutions Ltd
Instructor Guide - Scheme of
work

Group Leader: Johndell Aaron Adriano


Member: Mark Francis Pamintuan
Francis Rodriguez

Copyright 2009 Matrix Technology Page 4


Solutions Ltd

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