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Digital Broadcasting

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10 views

Digital Broadcasting

Uploaded by

refa abyan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIGITAL BROADCASTING

Implementation of new services


and their position in Multimedia
World

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


OUTLINE
• Scope of the lecture
• Why digital
• Specifics of Broadcasting
• Transition from Analogue to Digital
• Broadcasting and Multimedia

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Scope of the lecture

• Overview of the scene


• Case demonstration

• European perspective

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Why digital

• Because it is Digital!
– Sharing technology with IT industry
– Improvement in quality
– Spectrum efficiency
– New services possible

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Specifics of Broadcasting

• Biggest user base in radiocommunications


• Political importance
• Inherent inertia
• Backward compatibility aspects
– AM to FM
– B&W to Color
– Terrestrial vs. Satellite

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Terrestrial broadcasting
• Multipath propagation
• Inefficient frequency reuse

• COFDM modulation
– Limits multipath degradation
– Single frequency networks

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Multipath propagation

Analogue reception is impaired


by phase difference of signals

Reflection
from an
obstacle

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Multipath propagation

Digital receivers use


both signals constructively

Reflection
from an
obstacle

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Synchronized transmitters

Digital receivers use


both signals constructively

Synchronized

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Multiple frequency networks

Separation required

Gapfillers require
additional spectrum

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Single frequency networks

Limited distance

Gapfillers operate on
same frequency

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


T-DAB
• Eureka 147 system with 1.5 MHz blocks
– VHF: Core in 230 - 240 MHz
– L-Band: Part of 1452 - 1492 MHz
– 4 to 5 CD-Quality or up to 8 quality channels in
one frequency block
• Wiesbaden 1995 CEPT Plan
– Slow take off

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Allotment Plan Concept
• Generic networks in real areas
• Compatibility assessment based on reuse
distance
• Administrative agreements to correct
irregularities
• Conversions from allotments to assignments

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Wiesbaden process
• Identification of spectrum resources
• Establishment of planning criteria
• Collection of requirements both for T-DAB
and protection of other services
• Wiesbaden Planning Meeting 1995
• Maintenance of Plan
• Conversion of allotments
ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting
Wiesbaden results
• 700 allotments
• Over 6000 other services considered
• 3000 administrative agreements reached
during the planning, about 300 effective
• Plan maintainable both procedurally and
technically
• DACAN Software
ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting
DVB-T
• 8 MHz channel raster identical with
analogue TV
• Chester 1997 – procedures for transition
from analogue to digital
• Geneva 2004 – All digital Plan to replace
Stockholm 1961 Plan

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Chester principles
• Rigid planning vs. uncoordinated development
• Level playing field for early adopters and
delayed implementers
• Reasonable preservation of Stockholm rights
• Virtually all systems in Europe are interference
limited
• Reference situation based on test points
ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting
Reference situation
• Reliable database of transmitters
• 36 test points for each transmitter
• Over 80000 transmitters
• Collection of data, validation, disputed
cases
• Use of reference situation
• COCOT Software
ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting
ITU Conference
• Preparatory conference 2004
• Second part in 2005 or 2006
• Conclusion of Chester process
• Combined Allotment/Assignment approach
is most likely
• European Broadcasting Area and possibly
other countries
ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting
Case demonstration
• Multimedia via Satellite
• Coexistence of Broadcasting and IP
technologies
• Merits of satellite technology
• Unidirectional IP Platform
• Bi-directional solution: BBI

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Service Diversification:
Unidirectional Multimedia IP Platform

ASTRA-NET IP/DVB Platform: Main Functions

Package Delivery

Streaming Services

IP/DVB card,
set-top box or
USB device

Satellite Internet Terrestrial return


Unidirectional Multimedia IP
Package delivery and Streaming services

IP Protocol
PUSH
or
PULL

Operations
Center …Send a full CD of content with one transmission of
under 15 minutes to thousands of receive sites.
Unidirectional Multimedia IP
Internet

Satellite Internet

IP Protocol
PULL

Requests
Operations
Center
Example: T-DSL via Satellite
Digital
Television

PCI Card
Sat Receiver

Task bar in Windows desktop

Button to activate USB Box


T-DSL via Satellite Sat Receiver
ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting
New generation of digital set-top boxes

Two independent tuners, MHP 1.1 compliance

Large hard-disc which allows for storage of both


DVB and IP content (no tapes needed)

Record one channel while storing the other in HD

Record and watch one same channel


simultaneously

ICTP 11.02.-01.03.02 Digital Broadcasting


Broadband Interactive System (BBI)

Satellite Interactive Terminal (SIT)

Type Dish Transmission Power Reception

SIT II 75- 90 cm 384 kbit/s > 45 dBW 38 Mbit/s

SIT III 95-130 cm 2,048 kbit/s > 50 dBW 38 Mbit/s

Reception in Ku-band, transmission in Ka-band

Transmit up to 2Mbps in 16kbps increments,


with complete systems costing ~3500 USD in 2002
Bi-directional B2B rollout

Broadband Interactive System (BBI)

Up to
38 Mbps

144-2048 Kbps

Ku Band Ka Band: return channel

ASTRA 1H launched June 1999.


ASTRA 1K scheduled mid-2002.
BBI complements terrestrial infrastructure
Broadband Interactive System (BBI) Coverage

ASTRA shared payload Ka-band coverage

ASTRA 1K

ASTRA 1H
Broadband Interactive System (BBI):
Satellite’s competitive positioning

Solves the terrestrial bottleneck:


Higher speed
Last-mile availability

Cable/ADSL are only partial solutions:


Fragmented European coverage
Long implementation timelines

ADSL-like functionality with value added:


Available anywhere within beam coverage
Broadcast/multicast in the same platform

Open-standards DVB/IP platform for service providers:


Immediate implementation
Independence from local telephone operator
Broadband technical solutions

Broadband technical solutions


Transmit
/receive Symmetry Coverage Services

2 Mbps / 38 Continental -
Satellite Mbps Asym-Sym Global
TV / Data

500 Kbps / Local - TV / Data /


DSL 8 Mbps Asym-Sym Regional Voice

Cable 500 Kbps / Asym Local - TV / Data /


40 Mbps Regional Voice

Optical Fiber 1-10 Mbps / Sym Local TV / Data /


100 Mbps Voice

LMDS 1Mbps / Asym Local TV / Data /


40 Mbps Voice

3G 400 Kbps / Sym Continental Data / Voice /


2 Mbps ? Videostreams

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