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CHAPTER I
Action
Research
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LESSON 1 Understanding Action Research

Guided Practice

A. Preliminary Activity: Answer the following questions:

1. Does the school have a research agenda?
Yes
2. What are included in the school's research agenda? Is there a policy for
teachers to conduct action research?
Inclusivity of education and integrative education.
3. Is there a policy for teachers to conduct action research?
None.
4. What is the focus of their action research?
None.
5. Is there available funding for this action research?
There aren't any in the school, but there are some in the
Department of Education.

B. Analysis of Action Research

Examine the previous action research conducted by the teachers. Supply the
information needed in the table below:

Needed Information Data

1. How many action research are Two (2)
conducted each year?
2. How many teachers are doing action Three (3)
research?
3. What are the topics of their action Satisfaction densities of first-glance
graduates and participation during
research?
Brigada Skwela.
4. How many action research were There is only 1 research that has been
published, and 2 researches have been
published or presented in a
in a conference.
conference?
5. How many action research were 1
funded by the school or an outside
agency?
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a. Conduct an Interview. Ask the following questions:

1. Are you aware of the action research process?
Yes
2. What prompted you to conduct action research?
Obligation and Responsibility.
3. What are your action research topics?
Satisfaction densities of first-glance graduates and participation
during Brigada Skwela.
4. Do you have enough time to conduct action research?
Not enough.
5. Are there incentives for teachers who conduct action research?
Yes.
6. How did action research improve your teaching practices?
The action can be added to the grading system.
7. How did action research enhance students' learning?
Through engagement.
8. How did you disseminate the results of your action research?

During regional presentations, presentations in the division, and

qualifying if the research has potential and if there are big bosses.

Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Do the school and the teachers have a research culture?
Yes, but it needs more support and encouragement.
2. Are the teachers aware of the process in conducting action research?
Yes, they are aware.
3. How did action research improve the teaching and learning practices in
the school?
It helped teachers engage more with students and added value to
their grading.
4. What are the things that could be done to encourage the teachers to
conduct action research?
Provide more time, training, financial support, and recognition for
their efforts.
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Reflection

Write your reflection by completing the following statements:

 I realized that:
Action research helps teachers look at how they teach. It lets us try
new ideas and see what works. This can make learning better for our
students.
 I believe it is essential to:
Use action research to become better teachers. It helps us work
together and ask important questions. This way, we can help our students
learn more effectively.
 From now on, I am determined to:
Make action research a regular part of my teaching. I will ask my
students for feedback and change my methods based on what they need.
My goal is to keep learning and improve as a teacher.
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LESSON 2 Purposes of Action Research

Guided Practice

A. Interview some teacher-researchers using the following questions.

Summarize their responses and write them on the space provided after
each question.
1. Who influenced you to conduct action research?
School Head.
2. What prompted you to conduct action research?
Obligation and Responsibility.
3. What was your experience when you conducted your first action
research?
Ambiguous, you don’t know what to do and how to finish.
4. How do you disseminate the results of your action research to other
teachers?
During regional presentations, presentations in the division, and
qualifying if the research has potential and if there are big bosses.
5. How does action research help you as a teacher?
It helped teachers engage more with students and added value to their
grading
6. What are the lessons you learned from your action research experiences?
It helps to improve the teaching and engage the students better.
B. Interview the principal using these questions. Write his/her answers in the
space below.
1. How did action research improve the research culture of the teachers?
Action research encouraged teachers to explore new ideas and
share their findings, creating a more open and supportive environment for
research.
2. What are the positive benefits of action research to your school?
It enhances the school’s reputation and shows a commitment to
improving education.
3. How did action research develop school performance?
Action research led to better teaching practices and increased
student engagement, which improved overall school performance.
4. How did action research improve the quality of students' learning?
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Action research helped teachers understand their students' needs

better, allowing them to create more effective lessons that engaged
students and supported their learning.
5. What curricular and instructional innovations were developed as a result of
action research?
New teaching methods and strategies were created, such as
interactive lessons and tailored support for students, which made learning
more effective and enjoyable.

C. Analyze sample action research in school. Read each action research

carefully. Select at least five action research. Identify the purposes of each
research.

Title of Action Research Purposes

To assess the effectiveness of

The Project IISA integrative and inclusive school activities
in sustaining inclusive education during
crisis situations.

Processing

Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:

Questions Answers

1. How many action research aimed N/A

to improve the curriculum content?

2. How many research aimed to N/A

improve instruction?

3. How many action research aimed N/A

to improve students' behavior and

motivation?

4. How many research aimed to N/A

improve teaching practices?

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5. How many action research were 2

done collaboratively?

6. How many action research were 1 published, 2 presented at a

disseminated in conferences, conference.

seminars, or publications in

journals?

7. What percentage of teachers are Approximately 3.49% (3 out of 86

doing action research? teachers).

8. How many teachers think that Yes (Incentives are provided for

research are helpful? conducting research).

Do you think action research helped develop a culture of excellence

among teachers and students? Explain your answer.

Yes, action research has helped create a culture of excellence among

teachers and students. It encourages teachers to think about how they teach and
try new ideas. This teamwork inspires students to learn better and ask questions.
When teachers improve their methods, students benefit and achieve more.
Overall, it leads to a better learning environment for everyone.

Reflection

Write your reflection by completing the following statements:

 I realized that:
Action research helps teachers look closely at how they teach. It
leads to better lessons and helps students learn more effectively.
 I believe it is essential to:
Use action research often to improve my teaching. Working with
other teachers and sharing ideas can make us all better.
 From now on, I am determined to:
Make action research a regular part of my work. I will ask my
students for feedback and change my lessons based on what they need.
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LESSON 3 Selecting Topics and Questions for Action Research

Guided Practice

A. Preliminary Activity. Examine all the available action research conducted

within the past two years. Write the titles and the research questions for
each title in the table below.

Title of Research Research Questions

Project Integrative and Inclusive 1. What is the extent of Project IISA
in terms of crafting and designing
School Activities: A School Strategic
activities?

Intervention

2. What is the level of the school’s

intervention platform to sustain
inclusive education during crisis
situations?
3. What is the relationship between
Project IISA and the school’s
strategic platform to sustain inclusive
education during crisis situations?
Transformational Leadership of School 1. How does transformational
leadership influence the work
Administrators as Predictor of Work
engagement of secondary teachers
in Mabini District?
Engagement of Teachers

B. Interview the teacher-researcher using these questions. Summarize and

write their answers in the space below.
a. How did you select your topics for action research?
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The topics were selected based on current educational challenges

faced during the pandemic, particularly in sustaining inclusive education.
We aimed to address gaps in student participation and engagement.
b. What prompted you to embark on these topics?
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected students' learning
experiences, prompting a need to find effective strategies to support
inclusive education and enhance student involvement during crisis
situations.
c. How did you select the questions for your action research?
The research questions were formulated to directly address the
identified issues in our topics. They were designed to explore the extent,
implementation, and impact of the initiatives we were studying.
d. How long did you conduct your action research?
The action research was conducted over a period of about six
months, allowing ample time for data collection and analysis.
e. What challenges and problems did you encounter while conducting your
action research?
We faced challenges such as limited resources, varying levels of

participation from students and parents, and difficulties in adapting the

curriculum to meet the needs of all learners during a crisis.

Processing

Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:

1. Do the topics reflect the educational issues and problems encountered in

school?
Yes, the topics reflect significant educational challenges,
particularly regarding student engagement and the need for inclusive
practices during the pandemic.
2. Are the research questions aligned with the research topics?
Yes, the research questions are well-aligned with the topics, as
they seek to investigate the effectiveness of the interventions proposed in
the context of inclusive education.
3. What could be done to help teachers improve topic selection and the
development of good research questions?
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Providing professional development workshops focused on

identifying relevant educational issues and formulating clear, focused
research questions could enhance teachers' skills in this area.

Reflection

Write your reflection by completing the following statements:

 I realized that:
selecting topics for action research requires a deep understanding
of current educational challenges and a commitment to improving student
outcomes.
 I believe it is essential to:
continually assess the educational landscape to identify pressing
issues and to engage collaboratively with colleagues in the research
process.
 From now on, I am determined to:
approach action research with a more strategic mindset, ensuring

that my topics and questions are grounded in the real experiences of my

students and the broader educational environment.

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LESSON 4 Action Research Process

Guided Practice

A. Preliminary Activity. Analyze previous action research. Look at the

alignment between the following parts of the research.

Research Research Methodology Data Needed

Topics Questions
Project 1. What is the Explanatory Survey data from
extent of Project sequential mixed teachers, parents,
Integrative
IISA in terms of methods staff
crafting,
and Inclusive
implementation,
School and sustainability?

Activities

(IISA)

2. What is the level Quantitative and Interviews and

of school qualitative data focus group
intervention to collection discussions
sustain inclusive
education during
crises?
3. What is the Statistical analysis Quantitative data
relationship (correlational from surveys
between Project design)
IISA and the
school's strategic
platform?
4. Which domain in Linear regression Data on project
Project IISA domains
significantly
influences school
intervention?
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5. What are the Thematic analysis Interview transcripts

experiences of of qualitative data
implementers in
executing Project
IISA?

B. Evaluate a sample action research based on the following criteria:

Parts of the Research Comments

Introduction  The background and rationale
 Are the background and rationale are clear, highlighting the need
clear and logical? for inclusive education during
 Is there enough theoretical crises.
background provided for the action  The theoretical background
research? references inclusive education
 Do the research questions reflect policies and frameworks (e.g.,
the variables based on the topic? UNESCO).
 Is the study significant?  Research questions are aligned
with the project’s objectives and
reflect relevant variables.
 The study is significant,
addressing gaps in educational
participation during crises.
Review of Literature and Studies  Sufficient literature supports the
 Is there enough study to support research, including references
the research? to previous studies on inclusive
 Does the study include findings of education.
previous research?  The study integrates findings
 Is there a logical presentation of from related research
literature and studies? effectively.
 Is there no plagiarism?  Literature is presented logically,
with proper citations to avoid
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plagiarism.
Methodology  The methodology is
 Is the methodology appropriate for appropriate, using mixed
the study? methods to capture both
 Does the study observe ethical quantitative and qualitative
considerations in dealing with the data.
research participants?  Ethical considerations are
 Are the research tools validated? addressed, ensuring participant
 Are the data collection procedures confidentiality and informed
clear? consent.
 Is the data analysis procedure  Research tools are validated,
valid? enhancing reliability.
 Data collection procedures are
clearly defined, ensuring
reproducibility.
 Data analysis procedures are
valid, incorporating statistical
tools and thematic analysis.
Results of the Study  Results are presented logically,
 Is the presentation of results directly addressing research
logical and based on the research questions.
questions?  Statistical analyses are valid,
 Is the statistical analysis valid? using appropriate tests for
 Are the results triangulated with correlation and regression.
the review of related literature and  Results are triangulated with
studies? literature, reinforcing findings
through multiple data sources.
Conclusions and  Conclusions are well-supported
Recommendations by results, summarizing key
 Are the conclusions supportive of findings effectively.
the results?  Conclusions are well-supported
 Are the recommendations made by results, summarizing key
based on the results of the study? findings effectively.
 Are the recommendations helpful  Recommendations are helpful
for solving educational issues? for addressing educational
challenges, particularly in crisis
situations.
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Processing

Examine the data you have gathered. Explain your answers to the following
questions:

1. Did the action research done follow the standard format?

Yes, the action research follows a standard format, including clear
sections for the introduction, literature review, methodology, results, and
conclusions. Each part aligns with conventional expectations for research
structure.
2. Are the teachers aware of the standards to be followed in conducting
action research?
it appears that teachers have a good understanding of the
standards required for conducting action research, as evidenced by the
structured approach and adherence to ethical considerations.
3. What could be done to help teachers improve the way they conduct action
research?
To help teachers with their action research, schools can hold
workshops on research methods and pair new teachers with experienced
ones for support. They can also create a library of examples and have
regular meetings for teachers to share their ideas and get feedback.

Reflection

Write your reflection by completing the following statements:

 I realized that:
action research can really help improve teaching and support
students during tough times. It’s important for teachers to feel confident
and have the right tools to do their research well.
 I believe it is essential to:
give teachers ongoing support and training in action research.
Creating a space where teachers can share their experiences and
resources will help everyone grow.
 From now on, I am determined to:
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look for professional development opportunities and encourage my

coworkers to join workshops. I will also push for sharing resources and
regular feedback sessions to build a supportive research environment.
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LESSON 5 Using Action Research to Improve Teaching and

Learning Practices

Guided Practice

A. Analyze the results of the previous action research conducted in the

school. Identify the recommendations made and what actions were done
in relation to the recommendations.

Title of the Study Recommendations Action Taken

Enhance parental Implemented regular
involvement in school communication channels
Project Integrative and activities. with parents through
meetings and updates.
Inclusive School

Activities

Modify curriculum to Developed new activity

include more integrative modules based on
activities. student profiles and
interests.
Increase training for Conducted workshops
teachers on inclusive for teachers focusing on
practices. inclusive education
strategies.
Monitor student Established a monitoring
participation regularly. checklist for tracking
student engagement in
activities.
Foster collaboration Created committees to
among teachers. plan and execute school
activities collaboratively.

B. List school programs and policies that were developed as a result of the
action research.
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School Programs
 Project IISA (Integrative and Inclusive School Activities)
 Parent-Teacher Collaboration Program

School Policies
 Policy on Inclusive Participation in School Activities
 Curriculum Modification Policy for Inclusive Education.

C. List the titles of action research that were disseminated to other teachers
and schools.

Title of Action Research Type of Dissemination

(Presented in a faculty meeting,
presented in a conference, or
published)
Transformational Leadership of Presented in a faculty meeting

School Administrators
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Presented at a regional conference

Project IISA Implementation

Published in the school newsletter

Strategies for Parental Involvement

in Education

Processing

Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:

1. Are the results of the action research fully utilized for school
improvement?
Yes, the results have informed several school initiatives, improved
parental involvement, and modified curriculum to better accommodate
inclusive education.
2. Are the results of the action research disseminated to teachers and other
schools?
Yes, the findings have been shared through faculty meetings,
conferences, and publications, promoting broader awareness and
application among educators.
3. What could be done to help teachers utilize and disseminate results of
their action research?
Providing ongoing training and support for teachers on how to
implement findings from their research. Establishing a platform for sharing
results and best practices regularly can also enhance dissemination.

Reflection
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Write your reflection by completing the following statements:

 I realized that:
action research helps us understand what works in teaching and
can lead to better learning for students. It shows the importance of using
data to make informed decisions.
 I believe it is essential to:
share our research findings with other teachers to promote
collaboration and improve practices. This way, we can all benefit from
each other's experiences.
 From now on, I am determined to:
apply the results of our action research in my own classroom
consistently. I will also encourage my colleagues to implement their
findings for greater impact.