SKILL ASSESSMENT II

NAME KEERTHANA S

REGISTER NUMBER 212223060122

SUBJECT TITLE TOUCH SENSOR

USING 555 TIMER

SUBJECT CODE 19EC421

SLOT 4H2-2

SUBMISSION DATE 20-11-24

CONTENTS
List of figures

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER 1

1. 1 Introduction

1.2 Objective

CHAPTER 2

2. List and description of components

2.1 IC555 Timer

2.2 Pins (collecting plates)

CHAPTER 3

3. PROJECT DETAILS

3. 1 Block diagram

3. 2 Circuit diagram

3.4 Circuit diagram description

3. 3 Working Principle

CHAPTER 4

4.1 Applications

4.2 Advantages

4.3 Disadvantages

4.4 Conclusion

4.5 Future scope

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. No NAME

2.1 Resistor

2.2 LED’s lights

2.3 9 volts battery

2.4 IC555 Timer

2.5 Battery

2.6 Connecting wires

2.7 Pins (collecting plates)

3. 1 Block diagram

3. 2 Circuit diagram

3.3 Connected circuit diagram

ABSTRACT

A touch sensor is a type of equipment that captures and records physical touch or embrace on a device
or an object. It enables a device or an object to detect touch, typically by a human user or operator. It is
developed by using IC555 TIMER operated as a monostable multivibrator. A touch sensor may also be termed
as a “TOUCH DETECTOR”. Unlike a button or manual control, touch sensors are more sensitive and are
often able to respond differently to different kinds of touch such as tapping, swiping and pinching. Touch
sensors are used consumer tech devices such as smart phones, tablets and computers.
 CHAPTER 1

1.1 INTRODUCTION
• Sam Hurst is the founder of elographics, developed the first sensor in 1971.

• Dr Basic reason for this development is durability, robustness, attractive product design and cost.
Sensors are unlike the mechanical devices do not contain moving parts.

• Touch sensor is a type of equipment that can captures and records the physical touch.

• It enables a device or an object to detect touch, typically by a human or operator.

• It can be implemented by using IC 555 timer and operates as a monostable multivibrator.

• A touch sensor can also be termed as “Touch switch” or “touch detector”.

• Unlike a button or manual control, touch sensors are more sensitive and are often able to respond
differently to different kinds of touch such as swiping, pinching and tapping.

• Touch sensors are used in consumer tech devices such as Smartphone’s and computer’s

1.2 OBJECTIVE
The core objective of this project is to design a “TOUCH SENSOR”, with light emitting diodes and IC
555 Timer, which will protect the individuals from crime, and employs in various applications in daily life
 CHAPTER 2

2. List and Description of components

List of components Range Quantity

2.1 Resistor 330 ohms [only 1]

2.2 LED’s white colour [only 2]

2.3 9 volts battery --- [only 1]

2.4 IC 555 TIMER’s --- [only 1]

2.5 Connecting wires --- Required number

2.6 Pins (collecting plates) --- [only 4]

2.7 Bread board --- [only 1]

1. 4 IC 555 Timer’s:

 It contains eight pins.

 Employed in my applications.
 The pin description is discussed in the following lines.

Pin 1:

The first pin is connected to ground in order to protect the IC and other components connected
to it.

Pin 2:

The trigger signal is applied as an input since it is operates as a

Monostable multivibrator.

Pin 3:

The output is collected from third pin. This pin is drawn from push to pull configuration formed
by transistor

Pin 4:

Reset is fourth pin and it should be connected to positive rail to work IC properly . when it is
connected to ground the IC will stop working.

Pin 5:

Control voltage is fifth pin which can be used to control the pulse width of the output waveform
and also the levels of the threshold and trigger . When an external voltage is applied then the output waveform
is modulated.
Pin 6:

Threshold is the sixth pin . when the voltage is applied to threshold pin then it contrasts with
reference voltage.

Pin 7:

Discharge is seventh pin . when the output of the open collector discharges a capacitor between
the intervals, then it toggles the output from high to low.

Pin 8:

Voltage supply is eighth pin which is used to supply the voltage to the IC with respect to the
ground terminal.

Pin diagram

Fig . Pin diagram

CHAPTER 3

3. PROJECT DETAILS

3.1 Block diagram

 Fig. Block diagram of touch sensor using IC 555 Timer’s

Block diagram consists of:

Touch plates: These can also be termed as collecting plates and pins. By using these pins one can apply
trigger pulse.

IC 555 Timer’s: It can operate in monostable multivibrator mode.

LED’s: These acts as output displaying units when we apply trigger pulse on the collecting plates

Power supply: It can acts power supply for entire circuit

3.2 Circuit diagram

 Fig. Circuit diagram

3.3 Circuit description

• Place IC 555 timer on the bread board.

• Connect a wire from pin1 of IC to ground or negative side of the breadboard.

• Connect another wire from pin8 to the positive side of the breadboard

• Connect the touch plates to pin1 and pin2 of the IC and also another pair of touch plates at pin6 and
pin8 of the IC.

• Connect the anode of led to the positive rail of breadboard and cathode of led to pin3 of IC.

• Connect 330ohm resistor to pin3 and route another terminal at any point on breadboard.

• Connect the anode of led to 330ohm resistor and cathode of led to negative side of breadboard.

• Finally connect the anode of battery to positive rail of breadboard and cathode to negative rail of
breadboard.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
• Touch sensor can also be term as tactile sensors and they are sensitive to touch, force, or pressure.

• Touch sensors one of the simplest and useful sensors.

• The working of touch sensor is similar to that of simple switch.

• The principle f behind working of touch sensor is, it can operate under monostable vibrator. Because by
applying pressure over collecting places one LED glows and another turn off.

• When there is contact with the surface of touch sensor, the circuit is closed inside the sensor and path is
established for the flow of current and hence the LED’s glows.

• When the contact is released, circuit is opened and no current flows.

 CHAPTER 4
4.1 Applications

• Touch sensors are used in the musical instruments.

• Touch sensors are used in keypads and touch pads.

• Touch sensors are employed in electronic devices like laptops, smart phones tablets.

• Employs in security alert systems.

4.2 Advantages

• Touch sensors are employed in manufacturing devices like

a. operated bells

b. Buzzers in toys

• The input impedance of the trigger is very high so the touch sensor switch can be triggered by the
voltage induced in the human body.

• Low cost to design.

4.3 Disadvantages

• They may lose their sensitivity when more often used.

4.4 Conclusion
 As technology growing on the evolution of touch is essential. It is quite easy to learn, navigate to known
and unknown users. It presents the simplicity and user-friendly having with its flexibility of touch user-
interface. Now, at present Smartphone, laptop is maintaining this facility to use their product more users
friendly. Apps like Gaming, Maps designed to support in Smartphone, this would help for users actually
they were involved with them but they are logically connected.

4.5 Future scope

Researchers now continuing their growth of study at more and more touch technologies to work out
on multi-touch support and ability to provide high resolution touch sensor. So, in future the touch makes
more beneficial so that you can do your work and catch all the things around you.
Future progress of this work can be identified in the areas summarized below
 We will try to upgrade this system to an advanced level with usage of technology with low cost and
high efficiency.
 We can also use infrared touch types to supports and to work even in the harsh environment.