Destination
Destination
ok
not be
ok
been BEING!!
ok SHOWN
ok
were found
to be shown
were made WERE ASKED
be given BEING GIVEN
were written
is lighted IS LIT!!!!
been allowed BEING ALLOWED
to be met
WAS MADE
tobe known
HAS BEEN CALLED
WAS SOLD
BEING NAME
WAS!!
HAS LATER BEEN
COULD BE TRANSPORTED
HAS BEEN GRANTED
IT DELIVERED
CHECKED!!!!!!
(GOT IS CORRECT)
(COME WITHOUT TO)
TO WORK
IT RUNNING
TO COME
MAKE GET IS CORRECT
GET YOUR TEACHER TO EXPLAIN GOT ME FEELING
GET A PROFESSIONAL TO DO
TO GET ME TO DO
HAVING YOUR HAIR CUT
GOT kAREN TO SHOW
WHO HAD GOT THEIR ESSAYS WRITTEN
Participle clauses
To replace a relative clause She was the nurse tooking after the patients at the time. (who was fooking)
The boy taken to hospital was 13 years old. (who was taken)
With prepositions and conjunctions After giving blood, 1 went home.
After having given blood, 1 went home.
To explain the reason for something Being frightened of needles, Tony was not /ooking farward to the injection.
Having had severa/ operations befare, Ali wasn't particular/y nervous this time.
To talk about actions happening Sitting in the waiting room, 1 could hear the sound of the dentist drilling.
at the same time
To talk about actions happening Having found an optician e/ose to the office, / made an appointment far that evening.
in sequence
As an alternative passive form Given an aspirin, 1 began to fee/ better. (whenjbecause I was given an aspirin)
As an alternative conditional form Given the chance, l'd definitely study pharmacology. Uf I were given the chance)
When the participle clause doesn't have its own subject, the clause and the rest of the sentence must both refer
to the same subject.
✓ Standing in the hot, crowded room, I began to feel dizzy. ( = 1 was standing)
X Sld11ui111$ ;,, 11,t: l,ul, l,,uwJt:J 1uu111, my ;111:du út:t(,a11 lu ft:d l,t:avy. ( = my head wasn't standing)
lnfinitive clauses
To start a sentence To be a successful surgeon is the dream of many young children.
( = lt is the dream of many young children to be a successful surgeon.)
After the verb to be My job was to give the patients their lunch.
Concession clauses
although / though / even though Even though she'd put on sun cream, Tamsin got burnt.
Tamsin got burnt, though she had put on sun cream.
Tamsin put on sun cream. She sti/1 got burnt, though.
in spite of / despite ( + noun or -ing) Despite putting on sun cream, Tamsin got burnt.
In spite of the fact that she put on sun cream, Tamsin got burnt.
Despite the sun cream, Tamsin sti/1 got burnt.
while/whereas While antibiotics are effective against bacteria, they do not work against viruses.
Bacteria/ infections can be cured with antibiotics, whereas viruses cannot.
however Penicillin is a powerful antibiotic. However, sorne peop/e are allergic to it.
Penicillin is a powerful antibiotic. Sorne people are al/ergic to it, however.
Penicillin is a powerful antibiotic. Sorne people, however, are allergic to it.
other phrases and structures Try as he might, he couldn't put up with the pain.
However hard he (might have) tried, he couldn't put up with the pain.
Hard though/as he tried, he couldn't put up with the pain.
Much as he tried, he couldn't put up with the pain.
• With in spite of / despite + -ing, both parts of the sentence must refer to the same subject.
• Even if is used to emphasise that it doesn't matter if something happens or is true, another situation remains
the same.
✓ Even if they found a cure far cancer tomorrow, it would take severa/ years befare it was available.
• Even if is used to suggest that something may or may not happen, whereas even though suggests that the action
actually takes place.
✓ Even if she tried to give her an injection, she couldn't. ( = She probably hasn't tried yet.)
✓ Even though she tried to give her an injection, she couldn't. ( = She tried and was unsuccessful.)
139
whose
why
which that
whose
when who
that
where
which/that
that
that
who
which
whom that
while
Escriba e
that
in
for
of
on
for
of
by
to
of
in /during
in
of
This is the oak my granfather planted 30 years ago that tree,which is an oak,was planted by my father 30 years ago.
Tina and Charlie,who are identical twins,are having a party this Saturday.
On the Friday we spent most of the day sitting in the port because the ferry was delayed.
to check
The book that my great aunt gave to me was once owned by... This book my great aunt gave me was once
having made
while
however
as
whereas
though
in spite of
while
althought
much
so
ashe might
LOUDLY SHE MIGHT HAVE SHOUTED
lifted
given
answering
however
cast an object made by pouring hot liquid into a container and leaving it to become solid
5 correct ans:this/10:althoght/whereas
which
whose
having
where it
who
in however
made
while
taken
that
despite to
when