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Government Management-Public Administration

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Amethyst Kim
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33 views2 pages

Government Management-Public Administration

Uploaded by

Amethyst Kim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Administer from Latin word ad and ministrare which means to serve 1.

Narrow perspective or POSCORD perspective


or to manage.
Luther Gullick is the main exponent of this perspective. According to
Administration – management of affairs, public or private. him the scope of public administration is narrow or limited. It is also
regarded as POSCORD view. It insist that the Public Administration is
Various definitions of Public Administration concerned only with those aspects of administration which are
Prof. Woodrow Wilson, the pioneer of the social science of Public related with the executive branch and its seven types of
Administration says in his book ‘The study of Public Administration’, administrative functions. These seven types of functions which
published in 1887 “Public Administration is a detailed and shows the scope of Public
systematic application of law.” 1. ‘P’ stands for planning
According to L. D. White “Public Administration consists of all those 2. ‘O’ stands for organization
operations having for their purpose the fulfilment of public policy 3. ‘S’ stands for staffing.
as declared by authority.” 4. ‘D’ stands for Directing.
5. ‘Co.’ stands for Co-ordination.
Both above definitions are done from traditional viewpoint and 6. ‘R’ stands for Reporting
related only to the functions and actions of Administration. 7. ‘B’ stands for Budgeting

Following thinkers have taken a broad view while defining Public 2. Broad perspective or subject - oriented perspective
Administration –
Prof. Woodrow Wilson, L D While are main exponent of this
According to Simon - “By Public Administration is meant the perspective. They have taken a very broad approach about the scope
activities of the executive branches of the national, state, & local of Public Administration. According to them:
governments.”
(A) Public Administration covers all three branches of the
According to Willough - “Public Administration in broadest sense government. Legislative, Executive and Judicial and their
denotes the work involved in the actual conduct of governmental interrelationship. Legislative organ makes the laws, Executive
affairs, and in narrowest senses denotes the operations of the organ of the government implements the laws. And Judicial
administrative branch only.” organ of the government interprets the laws. There is
interrelationship between these three organs.
According to Gullick - “Public Administration is that part of the
science of administration which has to do with government and B) Scope of Public Administration is like a cooperative group. It
thus, concerns itself primarily with the executive branch where the consist of all from class one officer to class four employees.
work of the government is done.”
C) Public Administration is a part of the political process. It has an
According to Waldo - “Public Administration is the art and science of important role in the formulation of public policy at all levels,
management as applied to the affairs of the state.” from national to grassroot. It is closely associated with
numerous private groups and individuals in providing services
Marshall E. Dimock - “Administration is concerned with ‘what’ and to the community. It has been influenced in recent years by the
‘How’ of the government. The what is the subject matter, the human relations approach.
technical knowledge of afield which enables the administrator to
perform his tasks. The ‘How’ is the technique of management
according to which co-operative programmes are carried to success.”
3. Prevailing view

Prevailing view divides the scope of Public Administration into two


Public Administration parts.-

1. Is a cooperative group efforts in a public setting; 1) Administrative theory


2. Covers all three branches - executive, legislative, and
judicial - and their interrelationship 2) Applied administration
3. Has an important role in the formulation of public policy 1. Administrative theory - It includes the following aspects.
and is thus a part of the political process
4. Is different in significant ways to Private Administration a) Organisational Theory - The Structure, organization, functions
and methods of all types of public authority engaged in
Important Characteristics of Public Administration administration, whether national, regional or local and
1. It is part of executive branch of government. executive.
2. It is related with the activities of the state. b) Behaviour - The functions of administrative authorities and
3. It carries out the public policies. the various methods appropriate to different types of
4. It realise the aspirations of the people as formulated and functions. The various forms of control of administration.
expressed in the laws.
5. Waldo and other thinkers insist on the commitment and c) Public Personal Administration - The problems concerning
dedication to the well being of the people. Otherwise personnel e.g. recruitment, training, promotion, retirement
Public Administration behaves in a mechanical, impersonal etc. and the problems relating to planning, research,
and in human way. information and public relation services.
6. Public Administration is politically neutral.
2. Applied administration - It includes the following aspects :-

a) Political functions - It includes the executive - legislative


Scope of Public Administration relationship, administrative activities of the cabinet, the
minister and permanent official relationship.
1. Narrow perspective or POSCORD perspective.
2. Broad perspective or subject matter view. b) Legislative function - It includes delegated legislation and the
3. Prevailing view. preparatory work done by the officials in connection with the
drawing up of bills.
c) Financial functions - It includes total financial administration
from the preparation of the budget to its execution, accounting
and audit etc.

d) Defense - Functions relating to military administration.

e) Educational function - It includes functions relating to


educational administration

f) Social welfare administration - It includes the activities of the


departments concerned with food; housing, social security and
development activities.

g) Economic Administration - It is concerned with the production


and encouragement of industries and agriculture.

h) Foreign administration - It includes the conduct of foreign


affairs, diplomacy, international cooperation etc.

i) Local administration - It concern with the activities of the local


self-governing institutions

Role and Importance of Public Administration

In today's modern state and in developing countries functions and


role of Public Administration is very important. The role and
importance of Public Administration are as follows.

1. It is the basis of government.


2. It is the instrument of change in the society.
3. It plays vital role in the life of the people.
4. It is an instrument for executing laws, policies,
programmes of the state.
5. It is a stabilising force in the society as it provides
continuity.
6. It is instrument of national integration in the developing
countries which are facing classwars.

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