1

DESIGN THINKING
ASSIGNMENT-2
GROUP- 2

TOPIC - PENCILS

DOMAIN - EDUCATION &

RELATED AREAS
2

TEAM MEMBERS
1) Debashree
Konwar
(24CHB0A17)
2) Saqib
Hakim
(24CHB0B47)
3) Mudavath
Eshita
(24CHB0A35)
4) Anuma
Deekshith
3

(24CHB0B07)
4

PENCILS
Introduction:
Pencils are writing and drawing tools
made from a thin core of graphite (a
form of carbon) encased in wood,
plastic, or other materials. Pencils
are commonly used for writing,
sketching, and technical drawing.
They can produce various shades
depending on the pressure applied,
and their marks can be easily erased.
They are efficient in many ways, but
they came along with a set of
problems.

In order to study these problems,

we interviewed 26 participants
5

from various places, like Kerala,

Uttar Pradesh , and
6

other regions of the country. We

interviewed people at NIT,
Warangal, and gained their insights
on pencils.
We interviewed our
participants and collected the
data in audio formats.
In order to reach out to a far wider
people, and to have a more diverse
data, we took the help of Google

Forms. The questions that we have

asked are:

1. “What do you like about your pencils?”

2. “What are your current uses
of the pencil?”
3. “What are the problems you are
7

facing with the current design?”

8

4. “What are your suggestions to

improve the current design of the
Pencil?
Additionally, we asked them about
the brands of pencils that they use
and what their favorite brands are.
We asked them how long they have
been using pencils, and to share
their experiences with pencils.
The participants in the interview
have been using their pencils since
they first started writing and drawing
on paper. They all had pleasant
experiences with pencils, and a few
narrated their experiences.
The participants use brands like
Classmate, Apsara, Nataraj, Doms,
Faber-Castell, etc., of which Apsara
is the favorite of most of the
9

participants .
10

Interviewer(s
Customer: Raunak Jain Saqib Hakim
)
Address: Aurangabad, Date: 29/09/2024

Maharashtra
Current Writing and
Telephone: 8483020173
uses: Engineering
Drawing
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Student
follow-up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Like I like that pencils can be Pencils are

s used in many fields of flexible writing
work. tools.
If an error occurs, we Unlike pens, pencil
can erase it, unlike writing can be
pens. erased.
Some mechanical pencils Mechanical pencils
provide elongated, are equipped with
retracting erasers. erasers.

Problems faced The nib breaks off after The pencil comes
accidental falls, thus with hard and
causing hindrance in my durable lead.
work.
I don't like to switch The pencil is
between different grade equipped with
pencils every now and multiple leads.
then in my engineering
drawing
11

problems.

After a few sharpenings, The pencil has a

the pencil's length constant body
shrinks, thus making it length.
difficult to hold.

Suggested I would like my pencil The pencils write

Improvements to be equally smooth smoothly on all
on all textures of paper types.
paper.
I would also like an The pencil comes
alternative that replaces with multiple leads
the need for carrying of all grades.
multiple pencils.
I want a strong and, at The pencil has dark
the same time, darkly and clear writing.
written pencil.
12

Interviewer(s
Customer: Krishna Saqib Hakim
)
Ramwani
Address: Agra, UP Date: 30/09/2024

Current
Telephone: 6396590922 Writing, drawing.
uses:
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Engineer
follow-up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes Once an error

I like pencils being erasable. occurs, you may
easily erase it.
I appreciate them being Pencils are
light in hand. compact and
easily operated.
The handwriting
I like the waterproof doesn't get spread
handwriting they provide. due to water spills.

Problems faced I always carry multiple A single pencil

pencils in engineering meets the needs
drawings, which is tiring. of all grade
pencils.
Also, I have to switch
between them every now
and then.
The handwriting
On erasing, pencils often won’t leave marks,
leave pencil marks, leaving leaving behind
an unclean impression. clean, smooth
paper.
retractable lead
Erasing and sharpening eliminates the need
creates a mess around. for sharpening.
13

Suggested I would suggest a lead that The text is

Improvements might be easily erasable. easily
erasable.
Also an alternative that
eliminates the need of
carrying and switching
between various grades of
pencils.
You may work on lead
whose tip remains even and
doesn't. get disfigured.

Interviewer(s
Customer: Sikander Saqib Hakim
)
Hakim.
Address: Kingwood Date: 30/09/2024

USA
Current Writing and
Telephone: 7137052905
uses: office work.
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Engineer
follow-up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes I like pencils not being Pencils are not

affected by extreme heat or affected by
cold external
conditions like
temperature.
14

I like them being erasable. Pencil

handwriting can
be erased.
A cheaper alternative for my Pencils are
company. cheap and
easily
affordable.

Problems faced I often get irritated by the nib The lead is hard
breaking off. enough to
tolerate mild
impulses.
.

It doesn’t work or writes It writes

imperfectly on different texture smoothly on
papers. almost all
textures of
paper.

Suggested Try and work on a long lasting lead. The lead of

Improvements the pencil
lasts for
longer
periods.
I would like a more darker The pencil
handwriting. writes dark
and bold.

Interviewer(s
Customer: Faishal Aramaan Saqib Hakim
)
Address: Gorakhpur,,UP Date: 28/09/2024
15

Current
Telephone: 9648879758 Writing, drawing
uses:
16

Willing to do
follow-up yes Type of user: Engineer
Yes

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes Pencils are

I like the compact nature of the compact
pencil being an easy-to-carry and light in
writing implement. hand
Pencils
Unlike pens, pencils are easily are
erasable. erasable.

Problems faced The lead is

Brittle nature of the lead due to hard and
which it breaks off after accidental doesn’t break
falls or due to overpressure easily.

The lead has

Lead gets blunt or disfigured very uniform
frequently, which distorts the dimensions
writing and affects the precision of and doesn't
lines drawn. get blunt.
Once erased, it
It is not easily erasable and often don't leave
leaves pencil marks. pencil marks.

Suggested
Improvements Make the lead impact resistant.
The lead is
hard.
Easily erasable on paper and don’t It doesn’t
leave pencil marks. leave marks
on paper
17

Kosar Ali Interviewer(s

Customer: Saqib Hakim
Gurawala )
United
Address: Date: 1/10/2024
Arab
Emirates

Current
Telephone: +971 Note making,
uses:
527889753 writing
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Accountant
follow-up

Customer Statement Need Statements

Question/Prompt

Likes I like pencils because I can Pencil is compact.

carry them anywhere easily.
18

Unlike pens, they don’t stop Pencils are a

working, nor do they cause cleaner and
any ink leakage. smoother
alternative for
writing.

Problems faced I have a problem with The pencil has

the ergonomics. a comfortable
grip.
The pencil gets frequently Pencil has a
blunt, and I have to sharpen retracting lead.
it.
It reduces in length over time. The pencil has
a constant
length.
The pencil shavings also Pencils don’t
create a mess. require any
sharpening.
Suggested My daughter likes printed Pencil is also
Improvements pencils, as they are more available in various
attractive. prints
Also you may add different Pencils have
shapes of erasers to its other attached erasers
end. depending on the
character it is based
on.

Interviewer(s
Customer: Kumar Shree ) Saqib Hakim

Address: Bihar,India Date: 30/09/2024

Current
Telephone: 8102104280 Sketching, writing
uses:
19

Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Engineer
follow-up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Like I like pencils because they The pencil is

s are easy to handle and lightweight and easy
use. to use.
I like pencils being Pencils are
cheaper and reliable. cheap writing
tools.
Pencils come in
I like how volatile they are. various hardness
and shades.

Problems faced My hands hurt after longer The pencils come

writing periods due to the with a comfortable
hard wooden texture of grip.
the pencils.
After making errors, when The lines are
I try to erase it, it leaveserased, leaving
marks behind. behind no marks or
impressions.
Very frequent bluntness of The pencil has leads
the lead causes less of uniform
precision. dimensions.

Suggested I want the lead of my The pencil has an

Improvements pencil to be hard enough. impact-resistant
lead.
I want a comfortable The pencils are easy
grip on my pencil. to hold for long
sessions.
It would be great if the Pencil has a
nib doesn't get blunt or uniform width
worn off. and pointed
cross-section.
20

Interviewer(s
Customer: Satyajit Kaman ) Debashree Konwar

Address: Date: 29/09/2024

IIST, Kerala
Current For rough
Telephone: 9678519419
uses: calculations,
writing
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Student
follow-up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes The pencil

It is sleek and modern. looks great.
The pencil does
not leave marks
on paper
My Fabre-Castle pencil does after it is
not leave traces after erasing being
erased.
The pencil writes
With less force, it produces darkly, although
dark lines. less pressure is
applied.
The pencil
It is smooth. writes
smoothly.
Problems The pencil
faced My pencil needs to be
sharpened regularly. needs to be
sharpened once
in a while.
21

The tip is strong

With just a little pressure, enough to resist
the tip breaks away. the pressure of
hands.
The pencil
Inorder to use a pencil, we comes with in-
need to carry a sharpener built sharpener
and an eraser. and eraser.

Suggested All in one pencil

Improvements that eliminates
the need of
carrying separate
eraser and
It would be great if we sharpener
solve the problem of could be
carrying sharpener, eraser incorporated into
along with a pencil. the design.

Interviewer(s
Customer: Mitakshi Debashree Konwar
)
Address: NIT, Warangal Date: 30/09/2024

Current Drawing,
Telephone: N/A
uses: Sketching,
Writing Notes
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Student
follow-up
22

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes Pencils are

I like the way the pencil feels comfortable
on the hand. writing tool.
Pencils are to be
With pencils, I can improve the designed such
look of my handwriting and that it is handy in
experiment with styles. caligraphy.
Good quality
pencils are to
I like pencils because it is a be available a
cheap writing tool, but gives at affordable
good results. range.

Problems faced The lead of

When I write, the the pencil
pencil gets blunt in a cannot get
short period of time. blunt very
easily.
The pencil sometimes keeps
breaking although we continue to
sharpen. The pencil is
shapened at one
go.
The lead of the pencil gets
broken inside the wood if it is The pencil
dropped from the desk. lead does not
break easily.
Although we erase, the traces
of our writings are visible on the
paper.
Suggested The pencil can have a design The lead is
Improvements where the lead does not get resistant to fall
broken, although it falls from from heights.
great heights accidentally.
Pencils are normally hexagonal, Various
or circular in design. It would be geometrical
good if we could have the choice shapes could be
of shapes.
23

incorporated in
the shape of the
pencil. The
buyers must have
a choice in this
matter.

Akasapu Nikilesh Interviewer(s

Customer: Debashree Konwar
Manikanta )
Address: NIT, Warangal Date: 30/09/2024

Currently
Telephone: 9441152030 Write, Sketch
uses:
Willing to
Yes Type of user: Student
do follow-up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes
Pencils don't bleed, burst, run dry, Pencils are easy
or freeze like ink pens do. to maintain and
carry.
If there is a mistake, we can Pencils are to be
just rub. Neatness is designed to focus
maintained. on
24

neatness.

There should be
I like the freedom of more shade
choices of different shades selection than
that the pencil provides. H, B and HB.

Problems faced The pencil

writings are not
The writings of the pencil be smudged
may smudge when while coming in
touched with a sweaty contact with
palm. sweat of hands.

Suggested Cutting down trees for the

Improvements purpose of making pencils
leads to deforestation. It
would be great to know where There can be
my pencils come from In my
information to
pencils, it can be written how
the wood from the pencil is know if the pencil
sourced. It would encourage wood is sourced
consumers to make from ethical
environmentally friendly sources.
choices..
Small seeds can
be inserted into
In pencil wood, small seeds
can be placed, so when we the wood
throw away the pencil clippings so that
clippings, plants grow out of from them plants
the seeds. grow.
25

Interviewer(s
Customer: Manaswini Debashree Konwar
)
Address: NIT, Warangal Date: 30/09/2024

Sketching,
Current
Telephone: 7997268803 Calculations,
uses:
Scribbling
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Student
follow-up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes Pencils are a

I like pencils because it is a
cheap writing tool. cheap writing
tool.
26

The sharpness of
I like the sharpness it the pencil is to be
provides when I write with retained for a
a newly sharpened pencil. longer time.

Problems faced Sharpening of

the pencil is a
messy pro. The
user experience
The clippings of my pencil would be
make the paper dirty. improved if it
could be made
easier.
The grip of
The pencil slips off my the pencil
sweaty palm. can be
improved.
Due to poor wood quality, Wood quality
many of my Nataraj pencils used in pencils
snapped in between. is to be
improved .
The pencil is to
Sometimes, the pencil does be sharpened
not get sharpened properly. effectively.
Suggested
Improvements
The ergonomics
The pencil should remain of the pencils is
intact in hand, can write to be focused
speedly with sweaty palms. more in the
design process.
27

Interviewer(s
Customer: Aashirvaad Deekshith
)
Address: NITW Date: 30/09/2024

Currently Classmate,
Telephone: 9398830128
used: apsara, natraj
Chemical
Branch: Type of user: Student
engineeri
ng

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes Pencils need to

I like pencils are easy to be carried
carry. easily.
The pencils need
I like pencils can be used to be used for
for multiple purposes. multiple
purposes.
28

The pencils need

I like pencils having good to have good
grip. grip.

Problems faced The pencils need

Children may chew on to be made by
pencils, which is harmful. harmless
materials.
Some pencils are hard, The pencils need
difficult to sharpen. to be sharpened
easily.
The leads of some pencils The pencils
breaks easily need good
quality lead.

Suggested The pencil need

Improvements The pencils has to write to be write
smoothly on all types of smoothly on any
paper. type of paper
The pencils need
The pencils need to made to be made
without any toxic material. without any toxic
material.
29

Interviewer(s
Customer: Sahaj Deekshith
)
Address: NITW Date: 30/09/2024

Telangana
Currently
Telephone: +91934645539 Apsara,natraj
used:
9
Branch MNC Type of user: Student

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes The user need

I like that pencils are light
weight and can be carried a light weight
easily pencil
I like that we can correct The user need
our mistakes while note an eraser
making by using pencils attached to the
(eraser) pencil
30

Problems faced The users needs

Some erasers don't remove a good quality
the pencil marks clearly. lead pencil.
The strength of
The pencil lead breaks if the the pencil
pencil fell from some height. should be
increased
The pencil has to
After some sharpenings the be modified that
pencil gets shrink and it is it can be hold
difficult to hold properly.

Suggested It has to be easily The user needs it

Improvements erasible on papers. be easily erasible.
The grip of the pencils The user need
can be improved a comfortable
grip.

Interviewer(s
Customer: Manudeep Deekshith
)
Address: NITW Date: 30/09/2024

Currently
Telephone: +91901433726 Apsara, natraj,
used:
8 doms
Chemical
Branch: Type of user: Student
engineeri
ng
31

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes Pencils
I like that pencils are
affordable as compared to are
other writing tools. affordabl
e.
The pencils
I like that pencils allow allow
corrections. corrections.
The pencils
I like that penils are are
lightweight. weightless.

Problems faced The pencils do not give The user

good precision in lines needs precise
while drawing, writing. writing by
using pencils
I cannot write too fast by The user wants
using pencils as the lead a good quality
breaks. pencil
The user want
I have to use different kind of a pencil that
pencils for different purposes. can be used for
(Ie., H., HB, 2H) different
purposes

Suggested The user need

Improvements The pencils has to be adjusted eraser,
that it has an eraser and sharpener
sharpener attached to it. attached to the
pencil.
The pencils can be modified
that it can used for purposes The pencil needs
(ie., H, HB, 2H) one pencil can to used for
used for all these purposes multiple
purposes.
32
33

Interviewer(s
Customer: Suhas ) Deekshith

Address: NITW Date: 30/09/2024

Telangana
Currently
Telephone: 9014777212 Apsara, doms
uses:
Branch: EEE Type of user: Student

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes The user need

I like the pencils that
have comfortable grip a comfortable
grip
The users need
a pencil that has
I like pencils that erasers attached
have an eraser to it
attached to them.

Problems The users need

faced The pencils gives the pencil that
an uneven writing has strong lead
34

The leads breaks The users need

frequently the pencils an improvement
needs to be sharpened in the sharpening
often. of pencil
The pencils cannot be The user needs
used to write on a pencil to
different surfaces (ie., write on
plastics) different
surfaces.

Suggested The users need

Improvements I think the grip of the the grip of the
pencil must be pencil to be
improved improved
A good-quality lead can The user need
be used a good quality
lead

Interviewer(s
Customer: Pavan tej ) Deekshith

Address: NITW Date: 30/09/2024

Currently
Telephone: 8919786977 Classmate, apsara
used:
Branch: CSE(AI&DS) Type of user: Student

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

35

Like The pencils need

s I like pencils are useful to used for
for multiple purposes. multiple
purposes.
The pencils need
I like pencils are to be used for
reliable for note drawing,
making, drawing notemaking
I like pencils are
easy to maintain.

Problems faced The user needs

Pencils give waste a pencil that
while sharpening. gives less
waste.
The pencils are The user needs
uncomfortable to write the pencil to be
with for a long time. comfortable.

Suggested Colourful pencils can Users need

Improvements be made. multicolored
pencils
The pencils need to Users need
be water-resistant. water resistant
pencils.
36

Interviewer(s
Customer: Vijaya Sri Mudavath Eshitha
)
Bai
Address: Hyderabad Date: 30/09/2024

Telangana
Currently
Telephone: 76719xxxxx Apsara
uses:
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Student
follow-up

Need
Question/Prompt Customer Statement
Statements

Likes Wooden
pencils
I like wooden pencils because they provide
provide better grip. better grip to
hold.
Users like
wooden
pencils with
I like wooden pencils with an an attached
attached eraser. eraser.
User likes
Apsara
pencils due
I prefer the Apsara brand while to their
buying the pencil because it writes smoothness
smoothly and is dark in colour. and dark
nature.

Problems After sharpening a wooden pencil, I User feels

faced get itchiness because of the broken itchiness
tips of the wooden part. because of
the
37

broken tips
of wooden
part.
The lead
While I was writing with the does not
pencil sometimes it writes write
smoothly and sometimes it consistently
doesn’t. throughout.

Suggested User wants

Improvements a rubber to
It will be better if there is a rubber hold the
grip in the pencil to hold it pencil
efficiently. efficiently.

Interviewer(s
Customer: Ritu Mudavath Eshitha
)
Bai
Address: Uttar Pradesh Date: 30/09/2024

Currently
Telephone: 83099xxxxx Apsara
uses:
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Student
follow-up
38

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Like The user likes

s I like wooden pencils wooden pencil
because there is no because there is no
need to refill it. need to refill it.
I like it because User finds it
it is comfortable comfortable to
to hold. hold
I like to buy pencil User likes pencil
which writes dark which writes dark
and smooth and smooth
User uses apsara
I use apsara and doms and doms because
because they have they have smooth
smooth writing writing
Problems faced User doesn’t like
The paint on the pencil the fact that the
goes after some days so paint on pencil goes
it looks unattractive after some days
My sister use to chew the Children bite the
bottom part of pencil due bottom part of
to it she got allergy in pencil, which may
her oral cavity. damage their oral
cavity

Suggested It may be good if the User wants the

Improvements pencils come with better pencils to come in
design which will attract better designs
children.
39

Interviewer(s
Customer: Sohini Mudavath Eshitha
)
Bai
Address: Raebareli Date: 30/09/2024

Uttar Pradesh
Currently
Telephone: 62815xxxxx Natraj
uses:
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Student
follow-up

Need
Question/Prompted Customer Statement
Statements

Like Some of the

s wooden pencils
I like wooden pencil because are available
some of them have attached with attached
erasers erasers.
Wooden
pencils are
It is eco-friendly eco friendly in
nature.
Wooden
pencils are
It is available at low price available in
low price.
40

User like to
buy Natraj
pencil due to
I like to buy Natraj because it its smooth
writes light and smooth. writing and
light in colour.
Problems faced When pencil
Once my pencil was accidently exposed to
placed in wet conditions, ,the wood wet
absorbed water,due to it it made conditions, it
be to feel harder while shaping . is difficult to
sharpen.
Some of the
pencils leave
prints on the
When I write with some dark paper after it
pencils, then I am not able to erase is erased.
it properly.
The user feels
difficulty in
carrying the
I feel difficulty carrying all the stuff stuff related to
related to pencil. the wooden
pencil.

Suggested Quality of
Improvements It will be better if we have better wood in
quaLity of wood in wooden pencil. wooden pencil
can be
improved.
41

Interviewer(s
Customer: Razi Mudavath Eshitha
)
Bai
Address: Anantapur Date: 30/09/2024

Andhra Pradesh
Currently
Telephone: 81252xxxxx Doms and
uses:
classmate.
Willing to do
Yes Type of user: Student
follow-up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Likes Some of the

wooden pencils
are available
I like wooden pencils because with attached
erasers,
some of the pencils are which attracts the
attached
with cartoon erasers. children's.
Wooden pencils
provides better grip
and
It provides better grip to hold are comfortable to
and
is comfortable to write. handle.
42
43

Problems faced While writing continuously,

our hands become wet due to It gets slippy when
sweat, and it becomes the user's palm is
difficult to write as it wet and sweaty.
becomes slippery.
After continuously
After continuously writing with writing with pencils
thee wooden pencil the lead the graphite will
will become blunt. become blunt.
Due to the low
In some pencils, the lead quality of graphite,
breaks continuously as we the graphite
sharpen. continuously breaks.

Suggested The quality of

Improvements the graphite in
wooden pencils
Graphite quality can be can be
increased. increased.
44

Mudavath
Customer: Sai Sri Interviewer(s)
Eshitha
Bai
Address: tadipatri Date: 30/09/2024

Andhra Pradesh

Telephone: 81214xxxxx Currently uses:

Classmate
Willing to do follow-
Yes Type of user: Student
up

Question/Prompt Customer Statement Need Statements

Like Some water-

s Some of the pencils are resistant pencils
water resistant. are available in
the market.
Users like
I like pencils because they pencils instead
are erasable, unlike pens. of pens as they
are erasable.
Pencils are light
They are light in weight and in weight and
easy to carry. easy to carry.

Problems faced
While doing shading, I have to For shading
use different types of pencils, purposes, the user
which take wants to
45

more space. carry many

pencils, which
takes up more
space.
Pencils are not
Pencils are not suitable suitable to write on
for all surfaces, especially all surfaces.
plastics .
Due to the
structure of the
The pencil rolls down when I pencil, it rolls down
place it on slant surfaces. on the slant
surfaces.

Suggested Pencil with two

Improvements different lead
It would be good if two shades shades on each
of the lead is included in one side of the pencil.
pencil only.
The design of
We can improve the design the pencil can
of the pencil so that it might be improved.
not roll.
46

User Statements Need Statements

I want my pencil The pencil lead is
lead to be durable impact resistant and
enough such that it doesn’t break off
won't break every after falling
time I drop it. from heights.
I don’t like the The pencil has a
ergonomics of my grip made of
pencil. It causes comfortable
strain in my fingers materials like foam,
after long sessions of silicon, molded
use, due to its hard rubber, etc. for long
texture. and comfortable
writing
sessions.
After every few The pencil has a
minutes I have to retractable lead
sharpen my pencil to mechanism. Also,
get a pointy and the leads are of
47

precise nib again. uniform

dimensions, thus
48

maintaining the
uniform dimensions.

The sharpening Once the part of the lead

process causes a lot retracted out initially is
of mess around me, used up, more lead is
and it gets difficult to pushed out, and so on.
manage.
Regular sharpening Unlike traditional
decreases the wooden pencils,
length of my pencil, these pencils have
making it difficult to such a mechanism,
hold it and distorts that eliminates the
my handwriting. need of regular
lead
maintenance.
It is troublesome for The unique
me to carry multiple mechanism of the
pencils for pencil allows it to
engineering drawing store multiple grade
class and while leads in a single
sketching, also, a risk body.
of
misplacement
remains.
Switching between All grades’
different grade pencils retractable leads are
regularly kills my time present inside the
and doesn’t let me body of the pencil in
build focus. order to save time
49

and enhance focus.

50

The pencils slip The pencil does not

away from my slip away from the
sweaty palms. hand.
The stripes on the The stripes of the
outer edge of the pencil do not flake
pencil flakes away easily and continue
with time. to be on it.
I’ve to carry a The pencil comes
sharpener and with an attached
eraser every time eraser and
with my pencil. does not
require
sharpening.
The pencils need to All substances
be made of non- involved in the
toxic manufacturing
materials/paints. process are
harmless to humans
as well as
nature.
I want an appealing It comes with a
design of pencil for wide range of
my kids. colors and
themes.
The writing always The lead is easily
leaves marks every erasable, leave no
time I erase marks behind,
something, thus leading to a neat
making the work handwriting . A light
untidy and also erasing is needed,
51

damaging paper. and the paper is also

not
damaged.
52

The writing often The lead provides a

fades with time. long lasting and dark
handwriting.
The lead is not The pencil lead
smooth on different writes smoothly on
types of paper, like paper with different
while marking textures.
important texts in
textbooks or while
writing on rough
notebooks.

➢Hierarchical List of User Needs:

(1) Primary Needs:

● The lead is impact-resistant.

● The pencil has a comfortable grip.
● The pencil has a retractable lead,
which eliminates the need for
sharpening.
53
54

● Leads are of uniform dimensions; hence,

don’t get blunt.
● Pencil doesn’t slip out of the user's hands.
● It is easily erasable .

(2) Secondary Needs:

● The pencil writes neatly.

● No need to carry a sharpener or
eraser separately.
● The writing remains dark and
readable after longer periods of
writing.
● Harmful toxins are not to be used in
painting the outer edge of the pencil.
● The pencil is available in a wide
range of designs and color
schemes.

● The lead is long-lasting.

(3)Latent Needs:
55

● The pencil writes equally smoothly on all

types of papers, like fine art paper (120
gsm-850 gsm), cartridge paper (300
gsm) or common drawing paper (130
gsm) for drawing; textbook paper, rough
notebook paper, newspaper, cardboard,
fair notebook paper for writing, etc.

● The pencil is equipped with leads of all

grades, thus eliminating the need of
carrying multiple pencils at a time and
switching between them frequently.

● The pencil body is made up of

biodegradable materials.
● The pencil is available in different
cross- sections.

➢Conclusion:-
Despite its seemingly modest nature, the
pencil significantly impacts a broad
56

demography. Interviews have revealed that

enhancing the current design of the pencil
could substantially elevate consumer
satisfaction. By integrating the
requirements outlined in our document,
manufacturers have the potential to create
pencils that surpass current standards.

ASSIGNMENT-
3: DEFINE
Based on the interactions and raw data
collected from the users, and after
application of suitable tools, including
the QUALITY FACTOR
57

DEPLOYMENT, we have come up with

the corresponding engineering
specifications and design requirements
needed for the process of production of
pencils

Metrics Assignment: Pencil

Customer Need: The lead is impact-resistant.

Metrics (units)

●Lead Breakage Resistance (Pa)

●Sharpening Resilience ( Frequency)
●Resist lead crumbling and casing splintering (N)
●Compression (Pa)
●Lead Flexibility and Elasticity (Pa)

●Temperature Variation ( Celsius)

●Moisture Resistance (ml/cubic centimeter)
●User Feedback on Durability ( Subjective)
58

Customer Need: The pencil has a

comfortable grip.

Metrics (units)
●Grip Comfort and Texture
●Diameter
●Shape
●Weight
●Pressure Requirement
● Length Appropriateness ( The length of
the pencil relative to comfortable hand
positioning)
● Lead Hardness and Smoothness
●Anti-Slip Properties
●Fatigue Reduction
Participants rate comfort and fatigue
levels after prolonged writing.
●Angle of Use Tolerance
59

Customer Need: The writing is easily erasable.

Metrics ( units)
•smoothness and hardness of pencil
•graphite hardness
•graphite smudge ability
•pressure on eraser
•graphite depth
• persistence of eraser marks

Customer Need: Pencil doesn’t slip out of

the user's hands.

Metrics (units)
•Grip texture
•Grip material
•Grip shape and diameter
•Moisture resistance
•Temperature adaptation
60

Customer Need: The leads do not get blunt.

Metrics (units)

•Graphite quality(hardness and composition)

• Wood type
•Sharpening quality
• Writting pressure
•pencil shape
•pencil length

Customer Need: The pencil writes neatly.

Metrics (units)
●Ghosting (Residual marks
●Spacing Regularity
●Alignment of text relative to baseline or
margin guides
●Lead Breakage Frequency
●Residual Graphite Dust
●Overall Aesthetic Evaluation ( Subjective )
61

Customer Need: The writing remains dark.

Metrics (units)
●Contrast with image analysis software to
access greyscale values.

●Sharpness of the line (mm)

●
●Smudge resistance( Pascal)
●Line thickness consistency
●Writing Darkness or Opacity ( 2B, HB)
●Lead Hardness Consistency ( Pascal)
●Angle and Pressure Tolerance
●User Perception and Readability Test

Customer Need: Harmful toxins are not to

be used in painting the outer edge of the pencil.

Metrics (units)
62

●ASTM D-4236 ( evaluates art

materials for safety)

●EN 71 (European standard for measuring

safety for children)

●Material safety data sheets (MSDS)

(chemical composition of pencils)

●Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

(measurement of fumes or chemicals
produced while sharpening the pencils)

●PH level (neutral ph is used to

prevent skin irritation)

●Heavy metal content ( measuring the

quantity of heavy metals like graphite
used in pencils I. e., in regulated limits)

Customer Need: The lead is long-lasting.

Metrics ( units)
63

Customer Need: The writing is precise.

Metrics (units)
Minimum Force Required for
Marking Line Darkness vs Pressure
Relationship Line Thickness
variability
Lead Hardness
Consistency User
Perceived Comfort
Lead Durability Under
Pressure Angle Sensitivity
Impact on Erasability

Customer Need: The pencil writes smoothly

in various papers.
Metrics ( units)

Customer Need: The pencil is cheap.

●Cost per unit (Rupees)

64

●Sustainability ( Subjective)

●Replacement frequency (f) i.e.,how

often the pencil needs to be replaced

● Customer Need: The pencil has an

appealing design.
Metrics (units)

●Diameter(thickness of pencil barrel ie.,

6mm to 8mm)

●Weight (balanced weight to improve

writing performance)

●Material composition

●Finish and texture (evaluating surface

treatments for aesthetics and grip,
including matte vs. glossy finishes
and texturing)
65

●Color options (designing a range of

colors for both pencil body and lead to
appeal to customers preferences)

Customer Need: The pencil writes in

multiple shades.

Metrics (units)

●Graphite Composition (Ratio of Clay to graphite)

●Light fastness ( The Blue Wool Standard)
●Opacity ( Contrast Ratio)
●Color saturation ( Wavelength)
●Stroke quality (Subjective)
66

Quality Factor
Deployment:
67

HOUSE OF QUALITY
68

Customer Needs:
Frequency of customer needs

Durability 10
Ergonomics 7
Intensity 5
Erasability 11
Long Life 2
precision 8
Legibility 9
Multiple shades 7
Smoothness 8
Clean surroundings 6
Multi-purpose 3
Appearance 7
Non-toxicity 4
69

STEP1: Addition of customer needs

and ratings

Customer importance
rating (1=low , 5=high)
Along with
corresponding percent of
customer importance
rating
70

STEP2: Listing out the design

requirements
71

STEP 3: Weighing the relationship

between user needs and design
requirements
72

STEP 4: Completing the correlation

matrix

-
+ -
+
++ -
- -
++
-

2
mm
73

House of Quality
Customer importance rating

Percentage customer importance rating

+
+

+
+
-

-
+

--
--
-
-
2
mm
74

STEP 5: Competitor Research

With the help of

Competitor
research,
manufacturers
may get an idea
about the degree
of competition
from other brands
75

ASSIGNMENT-4:
IDEATE
We have gathered interpreted needs and their
corresponding design requirements from the Empathy
and Define phases respectively.
Now, in order to fulfill the needs of users, we are about
to enter the “Concept Generation” phase through
Ideate.
Under Ideate, we have worked upon the needs of users
to come up with new ideas and modifications to the
existing designs.

MISSION STATEMENT:

 To create a multipurpose pencil containing multiple

leads

 To modify the problems associated with lead, eraser,

grip and design according to the importance
provided in the House Quality Template.
76

Customer need:
The pencil is multi-functional with various leads.
It is to have an eraser and eliminate the need of using a
sharpener.
The pencil needs to have better ergonomics and better
design.

For this purpose, we have opted a five-step approach:

77

1. FUNCTIONAL DECOMPOSITION
78

2) EXTERNAL RESEARCH
To find existing solutions to the overall problem and the
subproblems identified during the problem clarification
process, we have searched externally by various means.
79

LEAD USER INTERVIEWS

For lead users interviews, we have revisited our previous
interviewees along with new ones and engaged into
discussions to make pencil a better writing tool. The brief
summary of the interviews is recorded below.

1. Bhumika Pegu, Artist and Student

Delhi University
Questions Replies

How can we improve The pencil that we are using today has been the
the current design of same for the last two hundred years without any
the existing pencil? apparent change in its design and its function. It is
high time that we look into the matter.
Inorder to improve the pencil, we should focus on
the ergonomics, the use of single pencil for various
purposes, and the life-span of the pencil.
How do we focus on By having a casing of the pencil that is friendly to the
the ergonomics of hands, we can reduce the strain that occurs in our
the pencil? hands when we use the pencil for long hours while
writing and drawing. Additionally, we can adopt
plastic grips with dents to have a smooth holding
experience and the pencil does not slip from the
hands.
What do you mean A single pencil for various purposes means a pencil
when you say a that has multiple leads so that we do not have to
single pencil for carry around many pencils in my artistic affairs while
various purposes? shading and drawing. All the leads that a person
requires is present in a single pencil.
80

How do we improve The lifespan of a pencil can be improved by having

the lifespan of the leads that write well, but the result is achieved with
pencil? less loss of the graphite core.

2.) Deekshitha, Painter

How can we improve Pencils can be improved in such a way that it can
the design of current have better grip to hold,increase the lifespan of
existing wooden pencils, and various sizes of the pencils (children
pencils? and adults).
How can we improve The high gross lacquer which was applied on the
the grip of a wooden pencil feels silky and slippery especially when the
pencil? user uses it for a long time and when the user's
hand is sweaty and does not provide additional
friction for the user to secure the grip.Coming to
the improvement ,non slip coating(often textured
or with ridges) can be applied in specific areas of
the pencil and pattern finishes like knurling , such
as along the grip zone may help.
How can we increase We can improve the lifespan of the pencil by using
the lifespan of wooden high quality of the materials,the diameter of the
pencils? graphite can be increased.
Do you have any Different colors for different grades of pencil to
suggestions to improve identify the pencil quickly,some decorative designs
the appealing designs and different shapes of pencil.
of wooden pencils?
81

3)Sikander Hakim
What problems do you face The pencil lead is not durable and breaks
while using pencils? often. I want various shades of grade
incorporated into a single design.
How would you like the I require the strong and dark lead
lead of the pencil to be simultaneously.
improved?
Do you feel troublesome Yes, I do.
carrying multiple grade
pencils?
What do you want to do to I think it would be good if we would be able to
solve this problem? insert various grades in one pencil.

PATENT SEARCHES
To address the issues related to pencils, we have
reviewed patents granted to individuals and
companies concerning the graphite core, grip,
eraser, and design of pencils, as well as their
innovative studies. Based on this data, we have
82

formulated our own conclusions and incorporated

them into the table for the concept generation
process.

PATENT HOLDER/ PATENT OBTAINED HOW CAN

WE
PATENT NUMBER
INCULCATE
THIS IDEA TO
OUR PENCIL?
Patent First documented attempt to Grip of the
Number:US256,843.Issued create a comfort-focused pencil can be
in1880s pencil grip. Introduced padded improved by
surface to reduce hand fatigue. adding soft
Used soft leather or fabric materials for
wrapping around the pencil padding to
body. enhance the
comfort of
writing and
reduce strain
on the
hands.
Patent Holder: Sanford It focuses on precisely mapped The fingers
Corporation.Patent human finger contact points. have the
Number: US5,806,998 Variable thickness zones. contact
Material density variations. points which
Targeted pressure distribution. when taken
care of lead
to an
83

effective
writing
experience.
Patent Holder: A.W. Faber This patent is about triangular The
Company[Issued in 1920s] grip design.It focuses on ergonomics
ergonomics of pencils. of the pencil
Triangular cross-section to can be
guide finger placement. improved by
Designed to reduce writing making
fatigue.Promoted proper triangular
finger positioning.This patent grips.This
has a significant impact that it helps to
became standard in reduce strain
educational pencils Influenced on the
writing instrument design fingers while
globally. writing.
Patient It focuses on Incorporated soft The grip of
Number:US2,397,478.Issued rubber materials directly into the pencil
in 1940s pencil body.Provided shock can be
absorption. Reduced hand improved by
strain during extended writing. adding
rubber
directing into
the
pencil.this
reduces
strain and
improves
extended
writing for a
long time.
Patent Number: US19,726 First patent to attach an eraser The eraser is
84

issued on March 30, 1858 directly to a pencil.Lipman directly

combined the writing attached to
implement and erasing tool in the
a single product. pencil.This
solves the
problem of
carrying
erasers.
Patent Number: US3,633 Crucial Precursor to Eraser This
issued on June 15, 1844. Development.Developed the invention
process of vulcanizing rubber, was
making it more durable and fundamental
elastic. to creating
effective
erasers.Mad
e rubber
suitable for
use as an
erasing
material.
Patent Number: US 34,242 Improvements in Eraser This study
issued onJanuary 21, 1862. Attachment. Enhanced the gives the
method of securing erasers to best
pencils. Developed more technique for
reliable attachment attaching
techniques. Built upon erasers to
Lipman's original concept. pencils.
Patent Number: Improved eraser The quality
US4,521,973 issued on June composition.Enhanced of the eraser
11, 1985. abrasion resistance. Better can be
debris collection mechanism modified by
adding
85

additives and
binders.
Patent This patent is for thermoplastic Thermoplasti
Number:US3821157A binders for continuously c binders
[Issued in 1974] produced pencil leads. help adhere
the pencil
lead to the
casing.
Patent This patent discusses the use We can
Number:US3834910A of plastics as binders instead of improve the
[Issued in 1974] clays for pencil leads. smoothness
of the
pencil .
Patent This patent is for black lead We can
Number:US3928520A and its production. change the
[Issued in 1975] color of the
pencil by
adjusting clay
and lead
composition.
Patent This patent is for an erasable We can erase
Number:US6011084A colored pencil lead the coloured
composition that includes a pencil marks
colorant, binder resins, a by adjusting
fibrillatable material, a the lead
lubricant, and a filler. composition
in the
coloured
pencils.
Patent Number:US5171097 This patent is for a mechanical We
[Issued in 1992] pencil with a lead-feeding understood
86

device that can be operated by the

shaking the pencil forward. mechanism
of the pencil
that operates
by shaking.
EP 3112430 B1 This is a European patent for We can make
colored pencil lead. different
colors of
pencils by
changing
pigments.
US19,783: Issued in 1858 This patent is for a pencil with The eraser is
an attached eraser. directly
attached to
the
pencil.This
solves the
problem of
carrying
erasers.

LITERATURE SEARCHES
Additionally, we have extensively researched online
articles and studies to understand the various
advancements that have been made in pencil
technology to date.The data collected from it is
included in the table below.
87

ARTICLE/CONCEPTS ABOUT ARTICLE/ JOURNAL

Darkness and smoothness ratio. The hardness and darkness ratio of
a pencil is determined by the
amount of graphite and clay it
contains.
Some common grades are- 5B, 4B,
3B, 2B, B, HB, F, H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H
where H,B,F stands for hard, dark
and fine tip respectively
Basic design of mechanical pencils [In the following figure]
Key Research Papers: "Development This analyzed grip development
of Grasp Patterns in Early Childhood" patterns from ages 2-
(Journal of Occupational Therapy 7.Documented progression of grip
Research, 2019) maturity stages.
key Research papers: "The This examines correlation between
Relationship Between Pencil Grip grip patterns and writing quality.
and Handwriting Performance" This journal Found that some
(American Journal of Occupational alternative grips can be as effective
Therapy) as traditional tripod grip.
Educational Journals: "Early This focuses on pre-writing skills
Childhood Writing Development" and grip development milestones.
(Journal of Early Childhood
Education)
Clinical Studies:"Ergonomic Analysis This is a biomechanical analysis of
of Different Pencil Grips" (Journal of various grips and muscle activation
Hand Therapy) patterns during writing.
Therapeutic Research:"Intervention This journal gives information about
Strategies for Improving Pencil Grip" effectiveness of different grip aids.
(Pediatric Physical Therapy Journal)
88

Joseph Priestley's 1770 paper: In the Priestley published his discovery

Philosophical Transactions of the that natural rubber could erase
Royal Society, pencil marks. This was the first
documented scientific article about
using rubber as an eraser.

Edward Nairne's 1770 account in the His article documented the

Royal Society commercial introduction of rubber
as an erasing material, though it
was initially sold in cubes rather
than attached to pencils.

Charles Goodyear's 1844 It is not specifically about pencil

vulcanization documentation erasers, his papers on vulcanizing
rubber were crucial for the
development of modern pencil
erasers, as vulcanized rubber
became the standard material.

The Eagle Pencil Company's 1872 These detailed the first mass-
technical documents production methods for attaching
erasers to pencils using metal
ferrules.

Scientific Materials Research (Early Articles about synthetic rubber

20th Century) development. This explored new
eraser compounds and materials.
This has the documented
improvements in eraser
effectiveness and durability.
89

Materials Science Publications: (Mid- These publications gave detailed

20th Century) chemical compositions of different
eraser types. It analyzed abrasive
properties. They compared natural
versus synthetic rubber erasers.

COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING

We have conducted a thorough review of the

websites of competitor companies that
manufacture pencils. This analysis has
allowed us to identify the key qualities they
emphasize. Consequently, we are better
informed about consumer preferences and
market dynamics as we develop our own
pencil.

APSARA
The manufacturing industry uses about 40 raw
materials like basic wood, graphite and clay. The
90

pencils are created through a sandwich method.

They are meticulously shaped, lacquered, and
printed with stripes.
The brand sells the following products:
1.Writing pencils
2.Platinum Extra Dark Pencils
3.Beauty Pencil
4.Gold Pencil
5.Triangle Extra Dark Pencil
6.Designer Extra Dark Pencil
7.Matt Magic Pencil
8.Twinkle Extra Dark Pencil
The names of the pencils are self-explanatory.
The product features are:
1.Extra Dark Pencil that requires less pressure
when writing
2.Writing stays dark longer
3.Smoothness while writing
4.Comfortable Grip
5.Superior Quality Wood makes sharpening easy
6.Meets International Quality Standards

CLASSMATE
91

Classmate is a leading education stationery brand

from ITC limited.Launched in 2003 in an arrow of
notebook.Classmate currently focusing on writing
instruments (wooden pencils,mechanical
pencils),Mathematical instruments(geometry boxes
and high precision instruments) scholastic
(erasers,sharpeners and rulers) and stationery
products (wax crayons,color pencil and sketch
pens).
Product features:
 Dark writing

 Smoothness

 Provide pleasing and effortless writing.

 Stay sharp longer.

DOMS
DOMS was founded in 1976 as a partnership firm,
R.R. Industries, by Rasiklal Amritlal Raveshia and
Mansukhlal Jamnadas Rajani. The company was
later named as "Writefine Products Pvt. Ltd.", before
being changed to "DOMS Industries" which was
launched in 2005.DOMS stood for Dynamic
Organization Manufacturing Stationery.
PRODUCT FEATURES:
 Rubber tipped pencils
 Softened and well treated wood for smooth
92

 Sharpening and longer shelf life.

 Dark and neat writing.
 Fine attractive neon color pencils.

3.) INTERNAL SEARCH

The team has adopted the method of brainstorming
individually so that the thinking of an individual is not
affected by the other individual. Then we have
written out our ideas on the paper and discussed
how to achieve the solutions to the problems and the
sub problems.

TOPICS PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS

Grip The pencil slips off the Adding a plastic grip with
hand. indentations.
Lead Graphite of the pencils The diameter of the
breaks. graphite can be increased.

The clay content in the

graphite is increased.

Lead The lead is not long The amount of graphite

lasting. dust that gets lost while
writing can be eliminated.
Lead The writing gets smudged. Along with graphite, special
binders should be used that
adheres the pencil writings
to paper.
93

Lead The paper gets messy This can be eliminated by

when we sharpen. using a retractable pencil
that pushes the lead out at
the command of the tip.
Grip Fatigue reduction Lightwood,or plastic
material or both.
Design Cross section Instead of being circular,
the geometrical features
help prevent the sliding of
the pencil.

Triangular and tripod are

common. But we can adopt
pentagonal and hexagonal.
Multipurpose Difficulty in carrying Involvement of different
different grades of pencil. grades of pencil on each
side of the pencil.
Multipurpose Scale Engravings to the cm and
mm can be made into the
pencil itself.
Multipurpose Difficulty in carrying the Insertion of sharpener in
things related to the the pencil cap.
wooden pencil.
Design Facing problem in Different lacquer colors on
distinguishing different different grades of pencil.
grades of pencil.
Design Childrens feel Small size of pencils with
uncomfortable to write attractive designs for
with long pencils as they children.
feel that it is heavy.
94

Design When the user places the The dimension of the length
pencil on a flat surface it of the pencil can increase
slips by rolling. which won't slip off after
placing it.
Design People used to lose their Place can be provided on
pencils. the pencil to write the
user's name on it.
Design The pencil is not suitable A special coating on the
to use in varying pencil which makes the
environments. pencil resistant to smudging
or water damage.
Design The lacquers which were Good quality lacquers can
on the pencil will get get coated on pencil.
eroded after some days.
Design Children used to chew the Attractive designs can be
tip of the pencil. made on the pencils like
cartoons.
Eraser Produces more dust after Using Thermoplastics and
rubbing. other synthetic polymers.
Lead Breakage at dispenser We can apply foam
cushioning at the inner side
of the dispenser.
Lead Breakage inside the shaft. Similar padding can be
applied in the shaft.
Lead Writing gets distorted due We can increase lubrication
to flaws in lead. content.
Lead Quick wear and tear at the We can increase binder
nib content to reduce the
abrasion.
95

Lead Not as smooth on all We might give a rating to

paper textures pencil wrt to different
paper types.
Lead Handwriting fades with We might blend certain
time metals with the graphite.
Eraser They gets stiffened with Using proper casing
time.
Design The design is blunt and
boring. Subtle tapering and
slimness for elegance.

Lead Coarse writing

Incorporate lubricants like
wax or oil into the graphite
blend for smoother, less
scratchy writing.

Lead Short Life Span Increase Longevity

Dense Lead:
Increase the density of the
lead to last longer during
use.

Lead Use of harmful chemicals Non-Toxic Composition:

Eliminate harmful chemicals
from the lead production
process.
96

Lead The lead breaks frequently Stronger Composition:

Use advanced material
blends (e.g., carbon fibers,
ceramics) to make the lead
less prone to breaking.

Lead Dirty Writing Coated Lead:

Apply an invisible coating to
minimize smudging and
improve clarity.

Design Does not arouse Glow-in-the-Dark Lead:

excitement Add phosphorescent
compounds for visibility in
low light.

Lead The lead wears out fast. Glow-in-the-Dark Lead:

Add phosphorescent
compounds for visibility in
low light.
97

4.) EXPLORING SYSTEMATICALLY

CONCEPT CLASSIFICATION TREES:

Concept classification trees are used to divide the entire
set of solutions for different sub functions carried out
under the main task of our product; i.e., writing, and
comparing and contrasting them systematically.
98
99

CONCEPT CLASSIFICATION TREES:

100

Combination tables are used to provide different pathways of doing the

main task via forming a number of combinations between the listed out
solution fragments for each step.
101
102
103

5) CONCLUSION
By adopting the ideation process and meticulously
following the prescribed steps, we have successfully
created sketches derived from the combination
table. We believe that we have achieved our
objective of designing a pencil with multiple leads.
To actualize this concept, we must proceed to the
prototyping phase, where we will develop the
product for real-world application.

Given the extensive research conducted thus far, we

are confident that this is feasible. Additionally, there
are certain nuanced concepts that cannot be
effectively depicted through sketches but can only
be appreciated through user experience. These
have been incorporated into the concept tree,
specifically in the lead and eraser sections.

This, we believe that the creation of a user-friendly

multi-lead pencil is undoubtedly achievable.
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