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#ICW2022
Contents Session one: Media, Communication and Wellbeing

1. Self-Management of Mental Health Concerns through Online Information Seeking in 25

Young Adults: Maheen Muzammil, Afifa Anjum
2. Role of Electronic and Print Media in Political Socialization in Pakistan: Post 2018: Ayesha 26
Ali
3. Journalistic Practices in the Field of Health Reporting: Dania Sohail 27
4. The Role of Sexual Harassment News Exposure to cultivate Knowledge, Attitude, and
28
Behavior among Pakistani students: Hilal Fatima, Muhammad Irshad
5. Reducing Islamophobia and Promoting Inclusion through Virtual Contact: Maryam 29
Hussain
6. Clothing proximity and Self-Consciousness among Bloggers and Actors: A Comparative 30
Study: Namira Mehmood, Shazia Yusuf
7. Impact of service-learning and civil engagement on Psychological well-being of University 31
students in Pakistan: Shamyle Rizwan Khan, Rubeena Kidwai

Session two: Organizational and Individual Workplace Wellbeing (Group A)

1. Employee well-being, mental health and performance during the pandemic outbreak: 32
Exploring the moderating role of training and development: Ifrah Laiq
2. Career barriers faced and coping strategies used by epileptic employees: A qualitative 33
study: Kainat Bangash, Henna A. Qureshi
3. Impact of Job Embeddedness on Employee Well-being: The Roles of Career Adaptability 34
and Learning Commitment: Aqsa Jaleel and Muhammad Qaiser Shafi
4. Role of Psychological Capital in Teacher’s Burnout and Mental Health in Quarantine: 35
Rubina Kauser
5. Achieving Sustainable Happiness among Lecturers: Does it Matters?: Abdul Rashid Abdul 36
Aziz
Contents
Session three: Organizational and Individual Workplace Wellbeing (Group
B)

1. Using Motivating Language for fostering employee well- being through work 37
engagement during COVID-19 Pandemic: Sara Sabir, Omair Majeed
2. Factors associated with Psychological Well-being in Bank Employees of 38
Pakistan: A PRISMA systematic Review: Safia Rashid, Fatima Khurram Bukhari
3. Alleviating occupational stress through Psychological Capital (PsyCap) 39
Interventions (PCI) – Group Counseling: Wakqas Khalid Ally, Armaghan Butt
MBBS, Khuram Shahzad, Sadaf Rehan, Shakir Ullah Khalid & Yousaf Khan
4. Linking Ethical Leadership to the Wellbeing of Higher Education Teachers in 40
Pakistan: The Mediating role of Employee Engagement: Sehrish Amin Khan
5. The Effects of Supply Chain Management Practices on Supply Chain Performance 41
with The Moderating Role of Human Resource Management Glitches: Empirical
Evidence from Pakistan: Muhammad Saeed Shahbaz, Iffat Rasool

Session four: Crisis and Disaster Management

1. Evidence-Based Health Communication: The Impact of Mental Health Campaign 42

on Youth in Sierra Leone: Rosaline Katimu Amara, Dr. Najma Sadiq
2. Analyzing Existing Cyber Security Responses in Pakistan: Proposing Effective 43
Legislation & Criminal Justice System in Socio-Legal Perspective: Rana Saifullah
Hassan, Dr. Naeem Ahmed
3. Institutional Complexities in Participatory Development: Analysis of Crises 44
Effected Communities of Northwest Pakistan: Dr. Noor Elahi
4. Mainstreaming Pakistan’s Tribal Areas and Socio-Political Transformation: 45
Countering Violent Extremism Among the Tribal Youth: Dr. Muhammad Irfan
Mahsud
Contents 1.
Session five: Global Health (Group A)

Cultural Adaptation of mindfulness-based intervention for reducing stress & 46

enhancing psychological well-being in university students: Anum Sarfraz and
Salma Siddiqui
2. Psychosocial Determinants of Cognitive Functioning among Older Adults: Hajra 47
Akbar, Dr. Sumara Masood Ul Hassan
3. Integrating Mental Health Services in Existing Healthcare System in Pakistan: A 48
Public Mental Health Approach: Sumbal Gilani
4. Women’s Reproductive Health: Coping with Infertility: Dr. Sehr un Nisa
49

Session six: Global Health (Group B)

1. Stigma, caregiver burden and expressed emotion among caregivers of individuals 50

with drug addiction: Iqra Sageer, Alia Asmat, Ayesha Sarfaraz
2. Cognitive Distortions, Fear of Pain, Hyper-Vigilance and Psychological Distress in 51
Chronic Back Pain Patients: Ms Aasma Yousaf, Noor e Saher
3. Intimacy and Emotional Well-Being in Partners Living With PCOS Women: 52
Rubina Kauser and Hifza Imran
4. Development And Psychometric Properties Of Muslim Moral Emotions Inventory 53
(Mmei) In Youth: Rezki Perdani Sawai, Joki Perdani Sawai, Abdul Rashid Abdul
Aziz
Contents
Session seven: Social Integration and Community Wellbeing

1. Enhancement of Psychological Functioning through Support for Student Exposed to 5

Trauma among School Children: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial from Democratic
Republic of Congo: Nazia Mustafa1, Azza Warraitch2 & Dr. Rizwana Amin
2. Problematizing Definition of Social Resilience: A Scoping Review of Popular Definitions: 55
Azher Hameed Qamar
3. Gender Based Discrimination and Wellbeing of Girls with Child Marriages: Aneela Aziz, 56
Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal
4. A self-help approach to treat Depression: A study on housemaids: Warda Safdar 57
5. Usability of GIFTED Psychoeducational Module Among Gifted and Talented Students 58
Psychometric Assessment Using USE instrument: Amnah Zanariah Abd Razak, Shahlan
Surat, Rosadah Abd Majid, Rezki Perdani Sawai, Nor Hamizah Abd Razak

Session Eight: Child and Adolescence Wellbeing (Group A)

1. Fear of Childbirth, Emotion Regulation and Psychosocial Wellbeing in Young Pregnant 59

Women:
2. Psychosocial Challenges for Domestic Child Labour in Pakistan: Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal, Dr. 60
Irum Naqvi, Namood-e-Sahar and Aneela Aziz
3. Mental Health Problems Faced by Adolescents Living in Boarding Schools: Aisha Saleem, 61
Dr. Salma Siddiqui
4. Fostering Art Therapy: A Qualitative Study On Its Challenges In Pakistan: Yamna Abrar & 62
Asma Majeed
5. The predictors of academic procrastination among undergraduates: Sarvarubini Nainee, 63
Chong Jia Min, Chong Xin Yi and Tee Zhi Yuan
Contents
Session Nine: Child and Adolescence Wellbeing (Group B)

1. Risk and Protective Factors of Suicidal Ideation among Eastern and Western Countries: A 64
Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies: Noor Ul Ain Muneeb and Sumara Masood Ul
Hassan
2. The Influence of Friendship Quality On Psychological Well -Being Among Universiti 65
Malaysia Sabah Students: Dicknos Dulang, Joki Perdani Sawai, Rezki Perdani Sawai, Abdul
Rashid Abdul Aziz
3. Factors of Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire: Shaista Majid, Ph.D., Hina Noor, Ph.D., 66
Saima Shaheen, ShamailaHamid, Rukhsana Ashiq
4. Development of an indigenous measure on maternal tolerance of children with autism 67
(educated mothers): Mehak Shahzadi , Aasma Yousaf
5. Assessing the Status of Mental Health Legislation in Pakistan: Nazil Danish, Ayesha 68
Zaman and Syeda Javeria Idrees

Session Ten: Socio-economic 'well-being' in the (post-)conflict settings

1. Post-conflict rehabilitation: A critical evaluation of Civil-Military ‎Cooperation for the 69

assessment of vulnerabilities and establishment of ‎Child Welfare Units in erstwhile FATA:
Aleena Khalid Sandhu and Muhammad Makki
2. Exploring the Role of Sabaoon in Improving the Wellbeing of former Juvenile Militants in 70
‎Swat Valley of Pakistan: Lateef Hakim Zai Khyber, Shahida Aman, Syed Rashid Ali
3. Is Peacekeeper’s Stress Syndrome real? A Cross-Sectional Study of Soldiers ‎at UN Mission: 71
Nazia Mustafa, Fahad Haleem, Hina Iqbal, Najm Us Saqib Khan, Umair Ali, Zakir Hussain
4. The Socio-Economic Wellbeing of Academics: Prospects of Alternative Homegrown 72
Knowledge Production in International Relations in Pakistan: Mahnoor Hayat Malik and Dr.
Ahmed Waqas Waheed
Contents
Session Eleven: Family and Interpersonal Relationships (Group A)

1. Pain, Social Support, Self-Concealment and Quality of Life among Patients of 73

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Tayyaba Arshad, Uzma Ilyas
2. Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Humor Style in Marital Satisfaction of men 74
and women seeking infertility treatment: Saira Ijaz and Dr. Rabia Farooqi
3. Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-being Among Parents of Children 75
with hearing impairment: Bisma Gulzar
4. Impact of Relational Humor on Perceived Stress, Happiness, and Psychological 76
Well-Being among Married Couples: Asma Nisa, Rubina Hanif
5. Social Stigmatization and Post Abortion Syndrome in Women after Abortion: Asma 77
Yousaf, Maria Rafique, Nimra Mellaha, Maheen Asif

Session Twelve: Family and Interpersonal Relationships (Group B)

1. Remembrance of Childhood Parental Rejection and Current Levels of Intimacy in Young 78

Adults: Role of Psychological Mal-Adjustment: Sadia Ahmad and Dr. Asia Mushtaq
2. The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic To Parent-Child Relationship: Dewi Rochmah Yuniar 79
3. Constructive communication and compatibility in the relationship between dominating 80
husband and marital happiness of wife: A moderation mediation model: Hifza Imran and
Jamil A. Malik
4. Gratitude and subjective happiness among parents of individuals with Down syndrome: 81
Role of demographics: Fatima Rooh-e-Zainab, Shazia Yusuf
5. The Impact of Surah Al Rehman on Mental and Physical Health of Autistic Clients and their 82
Parents: Maimoona Muhammed Boota, Sarah Shaikh, Sana Amir, Dr. Shahnila Tariq
6. Parental Verbal Abuse and Its Impact On Psychological Health And Educational 83
Attainment: Saba Iqbal, MS. Fariha Tahir
01

Living through a pandemic has revealed our vulnerabilities as well as the need to
converge sciences to better answer questions pertinent to our well-being. To
understand the health beliefs of epidemiologists studying virus spread and
biochemists working in labs to develop vaccines, policymakers making plans to
manage and contain the spread of infection require the insight of social scientists.
The ongoing wars and conflicts in various parts of the world necessitate that social
scientist break out of their silos in order to provide a coherent understanding of our
issues by integrating various perspectives. The Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) necessitate that we have creative solutions to our problems based on a
multidisciplinary approach. The disciplinary bias in the universalization of well-being
may undermine the interdisciplinary nature of human well-being and the realization
of socially constructed realities. As a result, there is an urgent need to recognize the

Background
holistic and coherent integration of various disciplines in social sciences.

Consequently, the proposed conference seeks to provide a venue for showcasing

interdisciplinary research on well-being, with a focus on integrated solutions to SDGs
specifically related to health and wellbeing. This conference will bridge research gaps
by providing a framework to connect challenges and solutions on social
interdisciplinary theoretical and methodological traditions. Furthermore, this
conference will be organized in collaboration with international universities, providing
researchers with the opportunity to share their work with a global audience.
02 International Conference on Well-being: An Interdisciplinary Perspective ICW-22 (9-10 February 2022)
School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), NUST

IIt gives me immense pride to note that The International Conference on Wellbeing is S3H first flagship
Conference. I would extend my gratitude to the Department of Behavioral Sciences for taking the lead in
organizing this conference and that too on a pertinent topic of Wellbeing. The Covid-19 pandemic induced
environment has no doubt created new challenges for state, organizations, and individuals. The pandemic
has also exposed varied socio-economic fault lines that must be addressed for the world to heal and for
the organization and the individual to flourish. I appreciate the focus on wellbeing whilst taking an
Interdisciplinary Perspective in this Conference. About 57 researchers from 17 Universities will be
presenting their papers over the course of the conference. I would appreciate the contribution of the
scientific committee as they diligently scrutinized over 100 abstracts, submitted for the conference in order
to ensure quality and research integrity. I would thank the organizers and cohosts of the conference,

Dr. Ashfaque Michigan State University, NUST Business School (NBS), and Centre for International Peace and Stability
(CIPS). I would express my gratitude to the honorable Chief Guest, Keynote Speakers, Panelists, and
distinguished guests for taking out time to be part of this conference. I am extremely grateful to the Rector,

Hassan Khan NUST for his encouragement and consistent support in organizing this International Conference. Last but
not the least, I would commend the entire organizing team who have worked tirelessly in making this
Conference a success.

Principal
School of Social Sciences
and Humanities (S3H)
03 International Conference on Well-being: An Interdisciplinary Perspective ICW-22 (9-10 February 2022)
School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), NUST

I welcome you all to the international conference on Wellbeing: An Interdisciplinary perspective which is jointly
organized by three schools of NUST , namely, School of Social Sciences & Humanities, NUST business School ,
Center for International Peace & Stability and Michigan State University. We all became acutely aware of the
importance of Wellbeing as we struggled to cope with the challenges of Pandemic, irrespective of the fact that
we reside in a developed country or in a country that is trying to attain economic and political stability. It is,
therefore, very pertinent that from the platform of this conference we exchange ideas to explore strategies that
can ensure the wellbeing of people in various context. The interdisciplinary approach is the key to arrive at
solutions that are both grounded in the given context and social and cultural factors. Pakistan has already
made commitment to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with an aspiration to join the league
of upper middle-class countries by 2030. The SDGs are closely linked with the wellbeing of the citizen;
therefore, it is my hope that this conference would help spark ideas to work collaboratively, breaking the
barriers of discipline, to expand the understanding of wellbeing. I believe that whether it is an engineer building
a robotic arm to facilitate a surgeon in cutting a cancer tissue from sensitive part of the body or a scientist

Dr. Salma creating smart health technologies to diagnose and treat the Covid infection, they are concerned with the
wellbeing of the individual and community. The social and cultural aspect of wellbeing needs to be understood
with clarity to develop policies which result in a healthy and thriving society.

Siddiqui NUST and MSU have this honor to host this conference to expand the understanding of wellbeing from an
interdisciplinary perspective. I am grateful to all the keynote speakers and experts who are chairing the
sessions. My best wishes to the presenters that they continue to expand the horizon of knowledge through

Dean their work.

School of Social Sciences

I also want to thank the Rector NUST, Prorector Academics and Research Internationalization & Innovation for
their support and encouragement to organize this conference.

and Humanities (S3H)

04 International Conference on Well-being: An Interdisciplinary Perspective ICW-22 (9-10 February 2022)
School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), NUST

Addressing the tools of ‘well-being’ could not have been more pertinent at any time before than it is
today. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated an increased focus on the mental, emotional, and
physical well-being of individuals and communities. No stakeholder can be exonerated from the
responsibility of playing in role of contributing towards the betterment of individuals and societies.
On a community level, no community can aspire to progress economically or socially if the individual
links are not paid attention to or strengthened. For policy makers, it is evident that success cannot be
guaranteed without giving due thought towards improving the lives of all the stakeholders involved.
For businesses across the globe, this global pandemic has led to the realization that support for
employees is equally important, if not more, than crafting the goals and strategic direction of the
companies. An organization’s success goes hand in hand with the wellness of its employees.
Therefore, no organization today can compete and succeed while neglecting its workforce.
All these factors and many more make it the responsibility of people in positions of authority to ask
questions and find answers. How can we promote well-being?
How can the corporate sector craft and implement policies that not only improve?
the lives of their employees, but of the communities in general? What is the role of academia in
researching and advancing practices to promote well-being? We
believe that universities need to take this responsibility and be at the forefront of cutting-edge

Dr. Naukhez research to find answers to these and other relevant questions.
NUST School of Social Sciences and Humanities with NUST Business School and CIPS have taken
this initiative to open the debate on these crucial questions. We are confident that this conference

Sarwar
will address not only these aspects of well-being, but also open avenues for further brainstorming
debates that will eventually contribute towards a healthy and prosperous society.
Large Number of papers received are fair indicator of the interest of the researcher as well as
significance of the topic of this conference
Principal and Dean I will like to extend my best wishes to Dr Ashfauq Hasan Khan Principal S3h and Dr Salma Siddiqui
Dean S3h for organizing this wonderful conference

NUST BUSINESS SCHOOL(NBS)

National University of Science and Technology
(NUST), Islamabad
05 International Conference on Well-being: An Interdisciplinary Perspective ICW-22 (9-10 February 2022)
School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), NUST

From the perspective of Peace and Conflict Studies, the spirit and philosophy of wellbeing is of prime
importance in ensuring national and international peace and stability. Wellbeing is interpreted as a
sign of mental and physical health. This sense has a significant place not only in the lives of people
but also nations. Healthy and prosperous nations led by mentally alert and well-meaning national
leaders avoid situations of conflict. Wars and tensions can only cause harm to life and property and
disrupt internal and external peace and harmony. History is witness to the fact that absolute rulers
with megalomaniac tendencies have often embarked on disastrous wars with other nations, often to
merely satisfy their own base egos. Wellbeing springs from subliminal values based on innate sense
of humanity. The essence of this feeling produces serenity and calm. Saner minds work towards
protecting the best interest of nations.
The founding father of Pakistan Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah had set the guiding principles
for the foreign policy of his new country by declaring: “Our object should be peace within, and peace
without. We want to live peacefully and maintain cordial and friendly relations with our immediate
neighbours and with the world at large.”
I am certain this conference will provide a good opportunity to speakers and participants to explore
the subject of wellbeing, not only in the lives of individuals but also when applied to relations
between countries and how this sense of wellbeing can be instrumental in bringing about

Dr. Tughral
international peace and stability.
I wish all those associated with this project all the luck and may your endeavours that produce
results that would increase our collective wellbeing.

Yamin
Associate Dean CIPS
National University of Science and Technology
(NUST), Islamabad
06 International Conference on Well-being: An Interdisciplinary Perspective ICW-22 (9-10 February 2022)
School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), NUST

The Covid -19 pandemic has just brought us to the brim of mental health catastrophe engulfing the
whole wide world. I congratulate the School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University
of Sciences and Technology (NUST), for this timely and vital conference. At Michigan State
University, the Department of Psychiatry is very proud to co-sponsor it. The concept of wellbeing is
that being comfortable, healthy, or happy has been threatened by the pandemic, political chaos, and
socioeconomic meltdowns. We must have an interdisciplinary and multifaceted approach to find the
solutions. I am very excited that this conference is bringing scholars and thinkers from all over the
world. Mental health and wellness have been sidelined for too long and cannot be ignored anymore.
We need to approach things from mind over body approach and look at solutions from social justice
lens. At Michigan State University, we are committed to this growing global mental health movement
and are eager to augment and implement it. An individual’s wellbeing directly contributes to the
wellness of society and the world. It is an interdependent journey that has to be nurtured using
empathy, ethics, resilience, and respect. Let’s start this process today and commit to a better
tomorrow.
I wish a successful conference to all the planning committee, volunteers, and everyone who

Farha Abbasi
contributed to this vision.

M.D
Assistant. Professor
Psychiatry
Michigan State University
 07
Keynote Speaker

Dr Jed Magen
Dr Marie Breen-Smyth
Professor Professor
[email protected] [email protected]

Jed Magen, DO, MS, is associate professor and chair in the Department of Marie Breen Smyth (born 26 January 1953) is an academic author, teacher and researcher
Psychiatry at Michigan State University. from Northern Ireland. She has published on topics such as the Northern Ireland conflict,
particularly the human impact, trauma, victim politics, children and armed conflict, research
Dr. Jed Magen graduated from the College of Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery ethics and methods, religion and conflict, and issues to do with political violence in Southern
in Des Moines, Iowa, and did a rotating internship at Botsford General Hospital Africa, Israel/Palestine and Northern Ireland.
in Farmington Hills, Michigan. From February 2011 to August 2015 she was Chair in International Relations at the University
of Surrey, England, UK.
Dr. Magen was a commissioned officer in the United States Public Health She was previously Reader in International Politics and Director of the Centre for the Study of
Service serving with the Indian Health Service for three years. Radicalisation and Contemporary Political Violence at Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK.
He is board certified in general and child and adolescent psychiatry by the Between 2002–2003 she was Jennings Randolph Senior Fellow at the United States Institute
American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology and the American Osteopathic of Peace in Washington DC.
Board of Neurology and Psychiatry. Breen-Smyth is currently involved in "Healing Through Remembering," [1] a project
established to consider how Northern Ireland might deal with its past, which involves people
He is a past president of the American Osteopathic College of Neurologists and from all sides of the conflict. Her latest book Truth Recovery and Justice After Conflict:
Psychiatrists and of the Michigan Psychiatric Society. He was a member of the Managing Violent Pasts. (Abingdon: Routledge) deals with the subject of truth recovery.
Executive Council of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatry In the 1980s, Breen-Smyth co-founded "Derry Well Woman", a free health and support
Residency Training and is an appointed member of the Council of Academic service for women based in the North West of Ireland.
Societies of the Association of American Medical Colleges. He completed a With Richard Jackson (University of Otago), Jeroen Gunning (Durham University), Piers
Master of Science degree in Medical Management at the University of Texas, Robinson (Manchester University) and George Kassimeris (Wolverhampton University) Breen
Dallas School of Management in 2003. He is an expert in the area of funding of Smyth currently edits the Routledge journal Critical Studies on Terrorism.
graduate medical education in the United States. He is a part of a research
group studying neuropsychiatric outcomes of cerebral malaria in children in She has also made two films with Northern Visions about the impact of political violence, And
Africa. He also works with other faculty members to improve mental health then there was silence (2000) and Injured (2011).
treatment in Muslim communities in Michigan.
 08
Keynote Speaker

Dr. Syed obtained his PhD in Business from Macquarie University, Australia in 2008 and completed a Postgraduate Certificate in Higher
Education at the University of Kent, UK. He also attended Institute for Management and Leadership in Education (MLE) at the Harvard
University Graduate School of Education. Prior to this, he also received a Masters of International Business degree from the Western
Sydney University, Australia.

Dr. Syed is an Academic Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD), UK and Programme Chair of European
Academy of Management’s (EURAM) Gender, Race and Diversity in Organisations (GRDO) Special Interest Group. He is a director of the
Global Centre for Equality and Human Rights (GCEHR) and coordinator of the South Asian Academy of Management (SAAM).

Dr. Syed was conferred the Sitara-e-Imtiaz on August 14, 2011 by the President of Pakistan for his contributions and public service in
the field of equality and diversity management.
Dr. Syed currently serves as a member of several editorial boards. Dr. Syed has an extensive publishing record, having published in
scholarly journals.
His research interests include:

Diversity Management
Dr. Jawad Syed International Human Resource Management
Business Ethics
Professor Knowledge Management
[email protected]
 09
Keynote Speaker

Dr. Brig. Fiaz Hussain Shah

(Retd) SI (M)
Resilience Advisor | Consultant | Life
Coach

He is the CEO of Integrated Resilience Network. He has been working as a resilience

Raun Kaufman advisor, consultant and life coach.
Author-Lecture-Educator

Mr. Raun K. Kaufman living beacon of miracle, formerly known as the

CEO of the Autism Treatment Center of America®️, conducts lectures and seminars worldwide. In
addition to his work with families and professionals over the past 15 years, Raun has a unique
history. As a child, Kaufman was diagnosed with severe Autism. Owing to that his parents
developed The Son-Rise Program®️, which enabled Raun to completely recover from his Autism
with no trace of his preceding condition. His story was recounted in the book, Son-Rise: The
Miracle Continues, and the NBC-TV movie, Son-Rise: A Miracle of Love. A graduate of the Ivy
League’s Brown University with a degree in Biomedical Ethics, Kaufman has written articles
featured in a host of journals and books and has been interviewed by media such as National
Public Radio, BBC Television, Fox News Channel, and People Magazine. He is currently serving as
the Director of Global Education for the Autism Treatment Center of America.
In 1983, they founded the Autism Treatment Center of America, part of a nonprofit, charitable
organization. The ATCA serves as the worldwide teaching center for The Son-Rise Program,
helping families from across the globe to enable their children to defy their seemingly limited
prognoses.
 10
Keynote Speaker International Conference on Well-being: An Interdisciplinary Perspective ICW-22 (9-10 February 2022)
School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), NUST

Bruce D. Friedman is the Orville Edward Egbert Endowed Professor in Health Sciences at the
University of Texas at El Paso. He received his Ph.D. in social welfare from the Mandel School at
Case Western Reserve University. His MSW with a dual specialization in families and substance
abuse is from the Brown School of Social Work at Washington University. Dr. Friedman has double
bachelors’ degrees Religion and Sociology from Case Western Reserve University. He has a number
of years of practice experience in the areas of social service management; program development;
work with individuals, families, and groups; marriage and family counseling; homelessness;
substance abuse treatment; and spirituality. He is the author of ten books including: Community-
Based Participatory Action Research (2021); The Research Tool Kit: Problem-Solving Processes for
the Social Services (2017); and Public Health, Social Work and Health Inequalities (2015). Dr.
Friedman has published numerous articles and book chapters, including his highly read chapter on
Systems Theory. As a researcher and scholar, Dr. Friedman has been very involved in looking at
issues of health inequalities and how the role of community can play an important part in addressing
those inequalities. As such, the focus is clearly an ecological systems approach and involves multiple

Dr. Bruce D. Friedman

layers of interventions. Each intervention is truly unique to the population and the community but
there are some generalizations that can be applied for everyone. The session will take an Ecological
Systems Perspective at community wellbeing and how it relates to social integration.
 11
Keynote Speaker International Conference on Well-being: An Interdisciplinary Perspective ICW-22 (9-10 February 2022)
School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), NUST

Senator (r) Javed Jabbar has distinctions in diverse fields which include writing, film-making,
environment , grass-roots volunteer work and education . He is a public intellectual who makes
contributions to leading think tanks , research centres , public forums on a range of subjects . He has
received numerous international and national honours for his contributions and achievements. He
was elected global Vice President of the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) for 2
consecutive terms, 2004-2012 .

His 15th book " Pathways " received the UBL Literary Award for the Best English non-fiction book at
the 9th Karachi Literature Festival. His 16th book in 2018 titled " What is Pakistaniat ? " is prescribed
in leading education and training institutions. His most recent book titled : “But, Prime Minister”
published by Paramount Books in Pakistan in June 2021 topped the best-seller list in Amazon, UK in
July this year.

In December 2021, he launched as writer and executive producer of a new documentary film
"Separation of East Pakistan : the Untold Story" for global and national media. In February 2020, the
All Pakistan Newspapers' Society presented him with its Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2015, the
Pakistan Society of Advertisers presented its first Lifetime Achievement Award to him. Cinema ,
documentary , advertising films written , produced or directed by him have won major national and
international awards. He devotes substantial working time for the past 40 years to voluntary work
for several public service organizations.

The Human Rights Society of Pakistan presented him with a Gold Medal for outstanding public
service. He is a former Senator and has served in 3 Federal Cabinets as Minister for Information and
Broadcasting , Science and Technology ,
Petroleum and Natural Resources, and Adviser to the Chief Executive of Pakistan on National Affairs.
He has represented Pakistan at major UN conferences. New laws and policies initiated by him have

Javed Jabar introduced major reforms in different sectors, particularly the inception of private TV and radio
channels and freedom of information.
 12
Keynote Speaker International Conference on Well-being: An Interdisciplinary Perspective ICW-22 (9-10 February 2022)
School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), NUST

Dr. Yasmin Khan has been working in the field of mental health over 20 years and she
has been practicing in Chicago. She is the founder and president of Self-Empowerment
center Pakistan. She established this Centre to start a mental health movement in
Pakistan which covers three main initiatives, transfer of knowledge, access and quality
of mental health services and community outreach.

Yasmeen Khan
Psychologist
 The concept of organizing an International Conference on Wellbeing: An
13 Interdisciplinary Perspective is based on showcasing research conducted
in Pakistan and other parts of the world that investigates wellbeing from a
variety of perspectives.

Main objectives of the conference are:

To examine the influence of sociocultural, organizational, and geopolitical

factors on

Objectives of
health and well-being through qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method
research in the
social sciences.

the Conference
To demonstrate the impact of social dynamics on individuals.

To provide integrated and sustainable solutions for human wellbeing and a

secure society.

NUST has already established the NUST Interdisciplinary Center for Higher
Education (NICHE). We aspire that this conference will help NUST to establish itself
as a leader in promoting interdisciplinary research on wellbeing in relation to the
SDGs and integrated solutions in Pakistan. The International Conference on
Wellbeing: An Interdisciplinary Perspective (ICW-2022) will be organized by the
distinguished NUST platform in collaboration with other international universities.
This will bring in local and foreign researchers from various disciplines and
professions, as well as the research institutes to co-organize this conference each
year.
14

Social Integration and

Community Wellbeing

Media, Communication, and

Wellbeing
Sub-Themes Child and Adolescent
Wellbeing

Crisis and Disaster

Management
15

Family and Interpersonal

Relationships

Organizational and Individual

Workplace Wellbeing
Sub-Themes Global Health

Socio-economic 'well-being' in the

(post-)conflict settings
16

Important Dates
Deadline Abstract Submission: 1 st October 2021
Acceptance Notification: December, 2021
Registration: 13 th December 2021

Collaborators
Department of Psychiatry- Michigan State University, US (MSU)

Co-Hosts
NUST business School (NBS)
Centre for International Peace and Stability (CIPS)
17

Organizing Team

Chief Organizer: Organizer:

Dr. Salma Siddiqui Siddrah Irfan, Ph.D.
Dean Assistant Professor
Department of Behavioral Sciences, Department of Behavioral Sciences, School of
School of Social Sciences & Social Sciences & Humanities (S 3 H), NUST
Humanities (S 3 H), NUST Email: [email protected]
 18
Members

Dr. Muhammad Mustafa Raziq Dr. Muhammad Makki Dr. Farha Abbasi
Associate Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
HoD Research, NUST Business Centre for International Peace Department of Psychiatry
School and Stability (CIPS), NUST Michigan State University, US

Dr. Saeeda Khanum Ms Nadia Jahan Dr. Muhammad Ammad Khan

Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Department of Behavioral Sciences, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Developmental Studies, School of Social
School of Social Sciences & School of Social Sciences & Sciences & Humanities (S 3 H),
Humanities (S 3 H), NUST Humanities (S 3 H), NUST NUST
19

Ms Komal Sadaf Ms Umbreen Akhtar Mr. Salman Nasir

Lecturer Lecturer Lecturer
Department of Mass Communication, School Department of Behavioral Sciences, School Department of Mass Communication,
of Social Sciences & Humanities (S 3 H), of Social Sciences & Humanities (S 3 H), School of Social Sciences &
NUST NUST Humanities (S 3 H), NUST

Mr Haseeb Babar
Ms Rehma Hyder
PA to Dean
Lecturer School of Social Sciences & Humanities
Department of Government and Public Policy, (S3H), NUST
School of Social Sciences & Humanities
(S 3 H), NUST

Mr Raja Saad Ullah Khan Mr Athar Farooq

Asst System Administrator PA to HOD
Department of ICT, School of Social Department of Behavioral Sciences,
Sciences & Humanities (S3H), School of Social Sciences &
NUST Humanities (S3H), NUST
20

Scientific Committee

Professor Dr. Salma Professor Dr. Rubina Professor Dr. Syeda Dr. Muhammad Mustafa
Siddiqui Hanif Shahida Raziq
Batool
Professor, Department of Professor, HoD at Dr. Associate Professor, HoD
Behavioral Sciences, Muhammad Ajmal National Professor at GC University Research, NUST
School of Social Sciences and Institute of Psychology Lahore. Business School, National
Humanities (S3H), Centre of Excellence, Quaid – University of Science
National University of Science i- Azam University, and Technology (NUST),
and Technology Islamabad Islamabad
(NUST), Islamabad
21

Dr. Siddrah Irfan Dr. Azher Hameed Dr. Saeeda Khnam Dr. Henna Qureshi
Qamar
Assistant Professor, School of Assistant Professor, School of Assistant Professor, School of
Social Sciences and APostdoc Researcher, School Social Sciences and Social Sciences and
Humanities (S3H), National of Social Work, Lund Humanities (S3H), National Humanities (S3H), National
University of Science University of Science University of Science and
and Technology (NUST), University, Sweden and Technology (NUST), Technology (NUST),
Islamabad Assistant Professor, School of Islamabad Islamabad
Social Sciences and
Humanities (S3H), National
Dr. Farha Abbasi University of Science
and Technology (NUST),
Islamabad
Assistant Professor,
Psychiatry Department,
Michigan State University, US Dr. Gulnaz Zahid Dr. Sumara Masood ul
Hasan
Head of Department of
Dr. Muhamad Zeeshan Behavioral Sciences, Assistant Professor, School of
Assistant Professor, School of Social Sciences and
Assistant Professor of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), National
Psychiatry, Rutgers Humanities (S3H), National University of Science
University of Science and Technology (NUST),
University – Newark, US and Technology (NUST), Islamabad
Islamabad
22

Dr. Tan Kit Aun Dr. Muhammd Makki Dr. Wajiha Haq Dr. Waqas Ejaz

Senior Lecturer, Universiti Assistant Professor, Centre Assistant Professor, School of Assistant Professor,
Putra Malaysia, for International Peace Social Sciences and Department of Mass
Malaysia & Stability (​CIPS), Humanities (S3H), National Communication, National
National University of Science University of Science University of Science
and Technology (NUST), and Technology (NUST), and Technology (NUST),
Islamabad Islamabad Islamabad

Dr. Tamkeen Ashraf Dr. Sumbal Nawaz Dr. Uzair

Malik
Assistant Professor, School of )Assistant Professor, School
Associate Professor, School Social Sciences and of Social Sciences and
of Social Sciences Humanities (S3H), National Humanities (S3H), National
and Humanities (S3H), University of Science University of Science
National University of and Technology (NUST), and Technology (NUST),
Science and Technology Islamabad Islamabad
(NUST), Islamabad
23

Pre-conference Events

Pre-conference Workshops

Workshops Recourse Person Dates

Meta-analysis Dr. Tamkeen 3-4 Jan 2022
24
Pre-conference Seminars/Talks.

Seminars Speaker Dates Timings

Mental Health and Hyper Dr. Syed Akhtar Nov 16 9am-5 pm

Colonialism Ali 2021

Listening with your Dr. Muhammad Dec 2, 10am -12:00

heart: Mastering Zeeshan 2021
empathy, compassion,
and kindness

Dec 17, 10:30-11:00am

Sustainable Supply Dr. Waqas
2021
Chain

Dec 17, 11:30 am -

Humanitarian Supply Dr. Imran
2021 12:30pm
Chain Management
 Session one: Media, Communication and Wellbeing
Self-Management of Mental Health Concerns through Online Information Seeking in Young Adults
Maheen Muzammil, Afifa Anjum
25
1. Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
2. Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
([email protected])

The widespread availability of health information websites has enabled people to play an active role in health
management. With the easy access to health information online, people are turning to the internet to find out
about symptoms, diagnosis of health problems, or determine treatment procedures. This trend has been studied in
context of physical health but there has been little research into its use in relation to mental health. This study
aimed to examine the patterns of online mental health information seeking behaviors and the association of
mental health concerns with online mental health information seeking behavior and self-management in young
adults. Convenient sampling strategy was used for recruitment of sample through social media sites. The sample
consisted of 150 young adults with age range of 18 to 24 years. Health Education Impact Questionnaire scale
(Osborne, Elsworth & Whitfield, 2007), Self-Management Scale (Mezo, 2009), DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-

Abstract
Cutting Symptom Measure were completed by participants through online forms. . the study found important
information related to the patterns of the internet use, prevalence, contents, sources and reasons for mental health
related information seeking through descriptive statistics. Overall, a high prevalence of online mental health
related information seeking behavior was found in young adults. Greater the concerns about mental health, higher
was the use of online mental health related information seeking behavior. Online mental health related information
seeking was a strong positive predictor of self-management domains. The study has important implications
related to availability of mental health related information through internet, their authenticity and young adults
behaviors related to the management of mental health concerns. The study also discusses pros and cons of self-
management through internet for decisions about professional help seeking. It was suggested that there is a need
to promote proper internet usage for mental health decisions as well as to explore in depth the cognitions and
beliefs and decision making factors involved in mental health related decisions.

Keywords: online information seeking, mental health, self-management, young adults

 Role of Electronic and Print Media in Political Socialization in Pakistan: Post 2018
26
Ayesha Ali

1. Center of Excellence in Sciences & Applied Technologies, ([email protected])

The present study was aimed to explore the relationship between electronic and print media and its
subscales with political socialization along with the role of different demographics such as gender, socio-

Abstract
economic status, and education. The sample of present study was comprised of 150 adolescents, 75
males and 75 females from Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Purposive convenient sampling technique was
used for gathering data. Pearson correlation, t-test were used to test the hypotheses. Findings indicate
that there is positive relationship between role of electronic and print media in political socialization there
is no significant difference is present between males and females on role of media on political
socialization. Study limitation includes small sample size and use of self report measures i.e. there could
be an element of biasness. Practical implications of the study were discussed and suggestions for further
research were made.
 Journalistic Practices in the Field of Health Reporting
Dania Sohail

27 1. Fatima Jinnah Women University ([email protected])

This research is about exploring the practices of journalists in the field of health reporting. This qualitative study is
completed by conducted semi structured, in-depth interviews of fifteen health reporters from Rawalpindi and
Islamabad, both from print and electronic media organization. This research is designed around five main themes
such as process of public health reporting, strengths and weakness of health reporters, safety mechanisms used by
health journalists, use of technology for news preparation and dissemination and available organizational support
for health reporting. It is found that mostly health reporters are doing more reporting regarding health political news
such as health crisis, managerial issues in hospitals and less health journalism which could enhance the knowledge
of general public about improving their health. The health reporters are dependent on human sources for covering
health news and they are well connected with health practioner’s. Health reporters are trying their best to do their

Abstract job but organization’s environment is not supportive and science news is not their organization priority.
Comparatively, larger media organizations are more supportive for reporters in terms of training and equipment
provision during health crisis. Health reporters informed that during health reporting they go through emotional and
mental trauma as well and no organizational support is available to coup up with this. Journalists are using mobile
phones and latest communication tools for health communication.

Keywords: Health Journalists, Practices, Challenges, Reporting, Technological usage

 The Role of Sexual Harassment News Exposure to cultivate Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior
among Pakistani students
Hilal Fatima, Muhammad Irshad
28
1. Universiti Putra Malaysia, ([email protected])
2. Muhammad Irshad, Acting Program Manager/ Producer News& Current Affairs, Punjab University
Radio FM 104.6 Center ([email protected])

The purpose of this research paper is to demonstrate the role of sexual harassment news exposure (SHNE), knowledge
and the cultivation of correct attitude and behavior against sexual harassment among Pakistani students. A survey
analysis method was applied to analyze the level of sexual harassment news exposure, knowledge, degree of
intolerant attitude towards sexual harassment and behavior among university students. Drawing on cultivation theory,
it was hypothesized the relationship among sexual harassment news exposure, sexual harassment knowledge,
intolerant attitude and propensity to act against sexual harassment. The survey instrument was adapted and
approved by University Research Ethics Committee. In the results, computed and analyzed by SPSS, majority of
Pakistani students had moderate level of sexual harassment news exposure, sexual harassment knowledge, intolerant
attitude, and propensity to act. The regression analysis revealed that sexual harassment news exposure has no

Abstract
significant relationship with attitude and behavior and had a positive significant relationship with sexual harassment
knowledge. As results showed that high sexual harassment news exposure, knowledge, attitude and behavior against
sexual harassment are cultural dependent that integrated the path to spread awareness in society to amplify practices
in culture. This study provides direction to enhance the level of sexual harassment exposure and spread awareness to
clean society from sexual harassment crime.
Keywords: sexual harassment, sexual harassment news, sexual harassment news exposure, intolerant attitude,
propensity to act against sexual harassment
 Reducing Islamophobia and Promoting Inclusion through Virtual Contact
Maryam Hussain

29 1. Lecturer, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot ([email protected])

Numerous instances of faith-based prejudice against Muslims aka Islamophobia leading to mass killings and fascistic
beliefs of some governments resulting in genocide around the world have taken place in the last year alone. Social
psychologists have been vehemently introducing interventions to fight race, sexuality and gender based prejudice but
few studies have explored the efficacy of these psychological interventions in the wake of new types of prejudices,
such as one discussed above. The present study seeks to fill the gap in the literature by adding a therapeutic
framework to faith-based prejudice and discrimination; this framework will be readily available to people outside
laboratory setting. Where contact hypothesis has only largely been replicated in experimental settings under
observation of a mental health practitioner, this study will aim at filling another gap in the literature by using it in virtual
context for faith-based prejudice and making it more accessible to real world. Therefore, anyone willing enough to
change their prejudiced perspective can do that without directly getting into mainstream face-to-face session with a
therapist. The solution will be just a few clicks away. The idea is to introduce virtual simulation of social interaction to
lessen the alienation between two opposing groups and make it accessible to the masses in more real world settings.

Abstract
The latter will be done by developing a mobile application based on the premise of contact theory and perspective
taking (Study 1), at two different levels: (1) perspective-taking from the viewpoint of the non-dominant group and
having them re-experience the real life instances of Islamophobia, with the sole purpose of developing empathy, and
(2) customizing avatars to look like the self /virtual embodiment of the self and introducing positive virtual intergroup
contact. The details about scenarios to be added in the mobile application and how to virtually implement the
technique will be explained in detail to the application developer by a qualified clinical psychologist. Self- Presence
Scale (Behm-Morawitz, 2013) will be used to assess the level of presence an individual feels with the virtual self. In
study 2, the efficacy of the mobile application will be assessed by employing the following measures: Bogardus Social
Distance Scale (Bogardus, 1947), and Intergroup Anxiety towards Muslims Scale (Hopkins, 2017).

Keywords: Islamophobia, faith-based prejudice, discrimination

 Clothing proximity and Self-Consciousness among Bloggers and Actors: A Comparative Study
Namira Mehmood, Shazia Yusuf

30 1. MS Scholar, Professional Psychology Department, Bahria University Islamabad,

[email protected].
2. Assistant Professor, Professional Psychology Department, Bahria University Islamabad.
[email protected]

People from media specifically the actors and bloggers they are part of life of general public. Clothing and other
aspects of their lives are consistently followed by people from general public (Hahn & Lee, 2014). The purpose of the
study was to explore the differences between clothing proximity and self- consciousness among bloggers and actors.
Self-Determination Theory (SDT) views the human motivation and personality in the light of psychological forces i.e.,
competence, relatedness, and autonomy (Ryan et al., 2009). It was a comparative study. Sample consisted of 130
participants (bloggers = 76, Actor/ actress = 54). Snow ball sampling was used to collect data. For assessment,
proximity of clothing to self – scale (Sontag & Lee, 2004) and self - consciousness scale – revised (Scheier & Carver,
1985) were used. It was hypothesized that there will be a significant relationship between self – consciousness, and
clothing proximity among bloggers and actors. It was also hypothesized that clothing proximity would be predicted by

Abstract
self – consciousness among bloggers and actors. Results revealed that the self-consciousness (social anxiety) is
significantly high among bloggers as compared to actors. Regression analysis indicates that the self-consciousness
significantly predicts the clothing proximity among bloggers and actors. Furthermore, the results revealed that the age
is significantly positively associated with the clothing proximity, whereas social anxiety is significantly negatively
correlated with the age among actors and bloggers. The study results can be used to help bloggers and actors
understand their self-consciousness. Secondly the counseling can be provided to them if required.

Keywords: clothing proximity, self- consciousness, bloggers, actors

 Session two: Organizational and Individual Workplace Wellbeing (Group A)

Employee well-being, mental health and performance during the pandemic outbreak: Exploring the
31 moderating role of training and development
Ifrah Laiq

1. Ph.D. Scholar, Asia-e-University, Malaysia ([email protected])

The purpose of the study is to examine training and development role in reducing the negative effects of perceived
pandemic stress on the well-being of employees, their mental health, and performance. With the spread of COVID-19,
companies face new challenges as their employees' well-being and mental health have deteriorated as a result of
unforeseen changes, their physical, psychological and financial concerns, confusion and negative emotions as well as
their performance due to technical issues when working from home. During the challenging times of the COVID-19
pandemic, training and development remain an integral part of ensuring that the workforce has the skills and
knowledge needed to complete the job while working from home (Dimoff, 2020). Considering the scope of the research
problem at hand, the investigation was thus designed as a causal study, using a quantitative research approach to
examine the relationship between study variables. The study participants were employed in the five main service

Abstract
sectors of Pakistan i.e. financial services, computer/IT, education, health care, and real estate. The study collected the
data from 520 participants through the distribution of questionnaires using online tools, followed by tests of validity
and reliability. The study analyzed the data through variance-based statistical software, namely SmartPLS. The
findings of the study show that perceived pandemic stress have significant negative effects on the well-being of
employees, their mental health, and performance but with the application of training and development practices, the
negative effects of pandemic stress would be minimized. It illustrates that training and development practice during the
pandemic may be effective in enhancing the well-being, mental health, and performance of employees. The
organizations with the support of training professionals in a new scenario, can manage the work of employees and
deal with the stress of the pandemic as well as their responses. Having an effective performance and well-being
improvement strategy that helps organizations achieve better outcomes while keeping their employees engaged and in
excellent mental health is paramount during the pandemic.

Keywords: perceived pandemic stress, training and development, COVID-19, mental health, organizational and
individual workplace wellbeing
 Career barriers faced and coping strategies used by epileptic employees:
A qualitative study
Kainat Bangash, Henna A. Qureshi
32
1. Student MS CC&E, NUST, Pakistan ([email protected])
2. Asst. Prof., NUST, Pakistan ([email protected])

Epilepsy is a chronic illness with a wide variety of physical symptoms and restrictions, social and emotional restrictions,
and obstacles. There is a strong research base for impact of epilepsy on employment, employment rate of people with
epilepsy, workplace discrimination and the stigma associated with epilepsy worldwide. However, in Pakistan, epilepsy
is understudied with reference to economic needs or support provided to epileptics. This research has explored the
career barriers faced by people with epilepsy, influence of epilepsy on their work experiences, and strategies used to
deal with career barriers. Data for the study was collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with 13
individuals with epilepsy who are working. The study utilized phenomenological qualitative research design. Data is
analysed through inductive Thematic Analysis. The results show that career barriers come from multiple sources, i.e.,
barriers because of side effects of medicines, because of symptoms, because of other’s reaction towards epileptics,
because of lack of awareness, transportation barriers, low self-efficacy and career goals. Epileptics use different

Abstract
coping strategies to deal with these barriers. Self-acceptance, self-management, avoidance, setting boundaries, and
seeking professional help are the strategies which strengthen epileptics to cope up with the barriers they face. The
findings help in distinguishing career experiences of epileptics and career barriers faced by them in order to help other
epileptics and their employers in developing effective strategies to cope with the barriers.

Keywords: Career Barriers; Epilepsy; Coping Strategies; Thematic Analysis; Qualitative.

 Impact of Job Embeddedness on Employee Well-being: The Roles of Career Adaptability and
Learning Commitment
Aqsa Jaleel and Muhammad Qaiser Shafi
33
1. PhD Scholar, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan ([email protected])
2. Lecturer, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan ([email protected])

This study extends theory and research on job embeddedness, aggregated with employee well-being. It also discloses
the mediating mechanism of career adaptability by linking job embeddedness to employee well-being with the help of
conservation of resource theory. This study collected data through two-time lags from 206 subordinates who work in
Pakistan’s electrical/electronic industry technological sector to avoid self-service bias. The quantitative research
method under the deductive approach was applied. The data was analyzed through the SMART-PLS. As hypothesized,
regression analyses showed that job embeddedness was significantly predictive of its subsequent “career
adaptability.” Also, as hypothesized, job embeddedness was significantly predictive of employee well-being. In
addition, learning commitment not moderated the effects of career adaptability. This study addresses the research gap
by providing empirical evidence for a relationship between job embeddedness and employee well-being under a
psychological mediating mechanism of career adaptability. Additionally, the moderating role of learning commitment is

Abstract
not established under the application of the COR in the unique context of an underdeveloped country, Pakistan. Particle
implications are also discussed

Keywords: job embeddedness, career adaptability, learning commitment Employee Well-being

 Role of Psychological Capital in Teacher’s Burnout and Mental Health in Quarantine
Rubina Kauser
34
1. Department of Psychology, School of Professional Psychology, University of Management and Technology,
Lahore, Pakistan ([email protected])

The current research was aimed to ascertain the relationship of psychological capital with burnout and mental health in teachers
working in higher education domain of Pakistan. In a brief period, Covid-19 has changed the global picture. People are forced to
live in quarantine and operating their job activities from the confinements of their homes. It sounds luxurious to work from home
and earn a reasonable salary. But this is different from "quarantine working", where you have to deal with not only your job
pressure but your family too. So living in quarantine is causing a lot of problems anxiety, depression, financial instability, and
fears which are deteriorating mental health and teachers are not immune to it. A lot of researchers around the world are
exploring how quarantine is affecting the mental health of the individuals. In present study, the focus is on how quarantine is
affecting teachers. This pandemic has lockdown the whole world but teachers are working hard to congregate the educational
requirements of their students. In this scenario, it was of fundamental importance to study how teachers' mental health is
affected by this overwhelming situation. How psychological capital buffers against burnout in teachers? How burnout is related

Abstract
to teachers' mental health? The objectives of the present study were to explore the impact of psychological capital on the
relationship between burnout and depression. A convenient sampling technique was used to collect data from teachers working
in universities with the help of Google form. Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Luthans et al, 2007), Maslach Burnout Inventory
for Educators (Maslach et al, 1981), and Patient Health Questionnaire (Kroenke et al, 1999) were used to collect data. Data was
collected through online surveys due to nationwide lockdown in the country. Correlational analysis results revealed that there is a
significant negative correlation between psychological capital and teacher burnout (α= -.52**). There is also a significant
negative relationship between psychological capital and depression (α= -.64**). The results also revealed a significant positive
correlation between teacher's burnout and depression (α= .66**). Mediation results indicated that burnout was found to be
negative significant predictor of psychological capital and positive significant predictor of depression, whereas, psychological
capital was found to be significant negative predictor of depression. So, mediation was found to be significant with indirect effect
(effect= .07 boot strap Interval), however, the indirect effect of psychological capital was found to be negatively significant
between burnout and depression. Psychological capital based intervention can be used in educational settings with teachers and
other administrative co-workers that would help handle stressful situations without exhaustion and burnout. These interventions
will also have an indirect effect on enhancing the mental health of the teachers and workers.

Keywords: Teachers, Burnout, Psychological Capital, Mental Health, Education.

 Achieving Sustainable Happiness among Lecturers: Does it Matters?
Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz

35 1. Senior Lecturer, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia ([email protected])

Lecturers in Malaysia Higher Learning Institution are expected to fulfil the job requirement including teaching, student
supervision, research, consultancy, publication, administration and service to society. Without realizing, indeed all the
listed job requirements putting the lecturers into stressful condition which may lead to mental health problem.
Therefore, this study was conducted to observe the level of happiness and to identify the factors that affect the
happiness in order to obtain the sustainability. There is a model called “Sustainable Happiness Model” which had been
introduced by Lyubomirsky, Sheldon, and Schkade (2005) and it is used as the theoretical basis of the study to
understand the influence of happiness. This is a quantitative study using a survey research design involving four local
research universities in Malaysia. The respondents were identified using stratified sampling, also known as layered
sampling. 645 lecturers involved in this study which comprise lecturers, senior lecturers, associate professors and
professors. Descriptive analysis is used to describe the distribution of the mean level of happiness among lecturers,
while inference analysis of multiple regressions is used to determine the most dominant factors in influencing
sustainable happiness. Most of the lecturers record the high score in their happiness level which include a total number

Abstract
of 616 lecturers, or 95.5 percent of the overall sample. Multiple regression analysis (stepwise) found that all the
predictive factors show significant correlation and a strong relationship except for the intentional activities at
behavioral component demonstrates the power of simple correlation (r = .67), while the other components of the
intentional activities record a strong and positive relationship towards happiness. The results from all three
components of intentional activities which include the components of cognitive, motivational and religion act as
predictive factors which contribute as much as 86 percent of happiness. R2 shows that 82.9 percent changes in
happiness variables are caused by the intentional activities which is related to cognitive component. In conclusion,
majority of the lecturer in Malaysia Higher Learning Institution are happy with the practice of intentional activities.
Indeed, lecturer’s happiness is crucial and vital in order to ensure the lecturer’s performance is at the optimum level in
producing a quality student.
Keywords: Sustainable happiness, lecturers, intentional activities, well-being, mental health
 Impact of Service-Learning and Civic Engagement on Psychological Wellbeing of University
students in Pakistan.
Shamyle Rizwan Khan, Rubeena Kidwai2
36 1. National University of Science and Technology ([email protected])
2. Adjunct Faculty, National University of Sciences and Technology, Director Training and Quality
Assurance, Self Empowerment Center Pakistan ([email protected])

Traditions of Eudaimonism and Altruism advocate helping behavior and community engagement as sources of
psychological and social wellness. Previous literature concludes inconsistent impact of the altruistic phenomena of Service-
Learning and Civic Engagement in predicting Psychological Wellbeing in the student sample. Little is known about their
impact in Pakistan where the phenomena of Service-Learning and Civic Engagement are being prioritized alongside higher
education, with 70 universities participating as members in Pakistan Chapter of Talloires Network (PCTN). This research is
aimed at studying the impact of Service-Learning and Civic Engagement on the Psychological Wellbeing and its
components among students. National University of Science and Technology (NUST) was identified as the only university
in Pakistan, at the time of this study, with a formally operational Service-Learning course with established curriculum and
allocated credit hours as a mandatory requirement for all undergraduate degree programs. For the present research, final
year undergraduate students from NUST participated as a non-probability sample in the cross-sectional self-report survey
design of present research. 276 undergraduates in Service-Learning (n=119) and Non Service-Learning (n=157) group

Abstract
consented and completed Ryff’s Psychological Wellbeing (PWBS) Scale (Ryff, 1996) and Civic Engagement (CES) Scale
(Doolittle & Faul, 2013). Results revealed both Civic Attitude and Civic Behavior components of Civic Engagement as
significantly predicting increase in Psychological Wellbeing and its components, except Autonomy, for the student sample.
Service-Learning remained non significant in predicting increase in Psychological Wellbeing and its components; rather
completing the course predicted significant decrease in Personal Growth of students. Striking gender differences in
Psychological Wellbeing across Service-Learning and Non Service-Learning group are discussed in context of traditional
gender role socialization in the region. Limitations and recommendations for practice and research are also discussed.
These findings emphasize the need to evaluate the Service-Learning curriculum design in place and practice to foster
Psychological Wellbeing in students, and informs future research in Service-Learning and role of cultural norms in dictating
Psychological Wellbeing of the two genders in Pakistani context.

Keywords: service-learning, civic engagement, psychological wellbeing, community engagement.

 Session three: Organizational and Individual Workplace Wellbeing (Group B)
Using Motivating Language for fostering employee well- being through work engagement during COVID-19
Pandemic
37 Sara Sabir Omair Majeed

1. National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad

2. Adjunct Lecturer, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan ([email protected])

COVID-19 has led to unprecedented consequences for employee wellbeing, creating challenges for organizations so that their
performance is not compromised. Leader is to play vital role in this context through communication. Hence, this study aims to
examine how supervisor leadership communication during pandemic may foster employee well- being by drawing insight from
the motivating language theory. Rationale of study is that supervisor support through verbal communication improves employee
work-engagement and their well- being in turbulent times of pandemic. Uniqueness of study in context of COVID – 19 make it
necessary and potential research gap. Motivating language theory is a comprehensive framework for examining and
understanding everyday communication words used by leaders for motivating their followers and explains dyadic communication
process between leader and followers through its three dimensions, namely meaning- making, empathetic, and direction- giving
language. Data collection instrument is developed as an online survey administered to the nursing staff working in various

Abstract
hospitals looking after COVID- 19 patients in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Mediating effect of work engagement is assessed
through the four step Barron and Kenny approach using Hierarchical Regression Analysis. Moreover, the impact of each
dimension of motivating language is assessed for its predictability on work engagement and employee well- being using
Regression technique. One- way ANOVA is used to examine any possible difference among the ages of nurses on their workplace
well- being. Study confirms positive impact of leader motivating language on employee engagement and workplace well- being
of nursing staff in pandemic times. Findings have theoretically advanced leadership communication literature in pandemic and
contributed significantly to explanatory power of Motivating Language theory in terms of proposing a unique model of motivating
language, work engagement and employee well- being, which has not been tested before to the best of authors’ knowledge.
Secondly, results can present practical suggestions for managerial implementations for organizational leaders and
communication practitioners, however, the study has limited demographical makeup as the study participants belong to Punjab
and Federal regions and those nurses were included in sample who worked only in COVID- 19 wards. The study elucidates role of
leader communication for motivation of nurses in stressful times, such as COVID-19 pandemic in enhancing their work
engagement and well- being.

Keywords: Motivating language, Employee engagement, Individual workplace well- being.

 Factors associated with Psychological Well-being in Bank Employees of Pakistan: A PRISMA
systematic Review
Safia Rashid, Fatima Khurram Bukhari
38
1. PhD Scholar, Department of Applied Psychology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
([email protected])
2. Department of Applied Psychology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
([email protected])

To conduct a systematic literature review this paper carried out number of studies available on the contributory factors
to psychological wellbeing in Pakistani banking sector organizational setup employees. Design chosen was a
systematic review from data sources. In review method, by using the latest procedure Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. The inclusion criteria were (a) studies
included were published from 2012 to 2021 (b) written in English (c) not any review article (d) published full-text
scholarly articles (e) cross-sectional studies (f) factors related to psychological well-being in banking employees.
Keywords searched on four databases, i.e. Science Direct, Google Scholar, Pub Med and Research Gate. Age range of
the population is between 25-45 years. Total 264 studies were found in which 19 (7%) were from Pakistan. Following

Abstract
this strict inclusion criteria for this review of available literature, 10 (52%) articles were included. 3307 participants take
part in these studies. Overall, the synthesis of the studies concluded that four categories, i.e., personal, psychological,
social and risk factors are related to psychological wellbeing in Pakistani banking sector employees either public or
private. Managerial implications provide better system to enhance workplace wellbeing in banking sector employees.

Keywords: Psychological well-being, systematic review, banking employees, organizational workplace wellbeing
 Alleviating occupational stress through Psychological Capital (PsyCap) Interventions (PCI) – Group
Counseling
Waqas Khalid Ally, Armaghan Butt MBBS, Khuram Shahzad, Sadaf Rehan, Shakir Ullah Khalid &
39 Yousaf Khan

1. Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Karachi Campus. 13 National Stadium

Road, Karachi, Pakistan ([email protected])
2. Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Karachi Campus

The focus of the study was to examine the role of Psychological Capital (PsyCap) Interventions (PCI) in alleviating
occupational stress. A group of 8 health professionals (MBBS Doctors) working in different public sector hospitals of
Islamabad/ Rawalpindi, identified with stress were administered Psychological Capital (PsyCap) Interventions (PCI)
with a view to mitigate stress. In view of the theoretical background / literature review, it was hypothesized that there
would be a significant relationship between Psychological Capital (PsyCap) Interventions (PCI) and occupational stress
and that PCI would facilitate in reducing the stress symptoms. The study was experimental in nature, wherein;
occupational stress of clients was assessed by applying Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21, 1995); pre and
post Psychological Capital (PsyCap) Interventions (PCI) developed by Luthans, Avey, Avolio, Norman and Combs

Abstract
(2006). The format was a 04 weeks counseling session, 75-90 minutes per session/ per week. A positive shift in mental
health of the group was observed with respect to presenting problems and behavioral management through these
effective interventions. Post intervention results confirmed significant reduction in stress symptoms.

Keywords: Psychological Capital (PsyCap), Psychological Capital Intervention (PCI), Occupational Stress, Group
Counseling
 Linking Ethical Leadership to the Wellbeing of Higher Education Teachers in Pakistan: The
Mediating role of Employee Engagement
Sehrish Amin Khan
40
1. Institute of Administrative Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore

For organizations, increased stress rate among employees has always been a biggest dilemma. This increased stress
rate not only effect working procedures of institutions but also on the highly educated and talented employee’s
wellbeing. If the academicians are not motivated, satisfied and engaged, the working procedures and standard will fall,
resulting in failure of organizations. Ethical leadership is perceived as vital construct to flourish the wellbeing. The
purpose of this study is to find how to improve the wellbeing of higher education teachers in Pakistan through ethical
leadership with the mediation of employee engagement. Correlation and linear regression tests were used to test the
model. Data were gathered from teachers of 316, working in public sector universities of Pakistan. Results indicated
that ethical leadership is significantly positive associated with the wellbeing of employees. And regression results also
indicated that employee engagement fully mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and employee
wellbeing. Theoretical, practical implications and future recommendations and limitations are also discussed in this
article.

Abstract Keywords: Ethical leadership, Psychological wellbeing, Employee Engagement, Public and private higher education
institutions, Mediation.
 The Effects of Supply Chain Management Practices on Supply Chain Performance with The
Moderating Role of Human Resource Management Glitches: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Muhammad Saeed Shahbaz, Iffat Rasool
41
1. Assistant Professor, Department of management Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute
of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan ([email protected], dr.saeed@szabist-
isb.edu.pk)
2. Associate Professor, Department of management Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute
of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan ([email protected])

The under discussion research has conducted an inquiry to investigate that how the supply chain management
practices effect on supply chain performance through the moderating role of human resource management.
Quantitative technique was applied and data was collected through survey from textile mills of Pakistan. The
questionnaires were sent to 200 respondents whereas 156 responses were received. The data was regressed through
SPSS software. All four hypotheses were proved positive and accepted. The main objective of research was to help
Pakistani textile firms to improve their supply chain performance by implicating supply chain management practices in
an appropriate manner. In addition, the moderating role played by HR glitches in relationship between supply chain

Abstract
management practices and supply chain has proved the significance of HRM on supply chain performance of textile
industry of Pakistan. This study will help the managers to understand the importance of information sharing,
outsourcing, customer relationships and supplier relationships management as risk mitigation strategy for human
resource risks.

Keywords: Supply Chain Management Practices; Supply chain Performance; Human Resource
 Session Four: Crisis and Disaster Management

Evidence-Based Health Communication: The Impact of Mental Health Campaign on Youth in Sierra
42 Leone
Rosaline Katimu Amara, Dr. Najma Sadiq

1. School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University of Science and Technology
([email protected])
2. Mass Communication Department, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University
of Science and Technology ([email protected])

Health communication is one of the key tools used by people to tackle societal issues and it seeks to effect change in
people’s behaviour. Practicing good mental and physical health is a behaviour that health professionals are seeking
people to do, through health communication campaigns. This study looks at how evidence-based health
communication through mental health campaigns has impacted the youths of Sierra Leone. The mental health issue is
becoming prevalent with youth suffering the most, as most of them had gone through depressive situations. In Sierra
Leone, the 11 years Civil War and Ebola outbreak, has left many people mentally destabilized, more so adolescent, and

Abstract young people, who have lost their loved ones and the current economic situation in the country has made the situation
worsen. The issues of mental health in the country range from depression, substance abuse, epilepsy, and others. The
study focuses on the impact mental health campaign has created among the youths, with regards to their level of
awareness, support from family and friends and their traditional beliefs. This study employs the quantitative design of
surveys that targeted youth (ages 15-35) to know how evidence-based health campaign on mental health has
impacted youth with regards to their level of awareness. The study targeted 335 youths through purposive sampling.
The sample size was calculated using Cochran (1963) formula with a 96% confidence level and 0.5% margin of error.
Our result shows that, effective awareness raising about mental health issues through the campaign impact the lives
of youth. However, youths still held on to the belief that mental health illness is connected to evil spirit. Health
Communication is integral in the promotion of health through media campaigns. Both health promoters and
researchers have accepted HC as a tool in raising awareness. The awareness can be the effect of positive behaviour
change and advocacy drive.

Keywords: Health Communication Campaign, Evidence-Based Health Communication, Mental Health, Depression,
Substance Abuse, Epilepsy.
 Analyzing Existing Cyber Security Responses in Pakistan: Proposing Effective Legislation and Criminal Justice
System in Socio-Legal Perspective
Rana Saifullah Hassan, Dr. Naeem Ahmed
43
1. Civil Judge and Judicial Magistrate, Thatta, PhD Scholar, Department of International Relations, University of
Karachi ([email protected])
2. Associate Professor and Chairperson, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi

The study aims to comprehensively evaluate the existing legislation and cyber-security responses in Pakistan available for individuals
specifically university students, faculty and other members of the society. The research initially analyzes how an adverse cyber
activity or breach of privacy in cyber space affects socio-psychological state and well-being of individuals and what are the remedies
available under the law. Subsequently, the efficacy of the present legislation as to Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016
and National Cyber Security Policy 2021 are analyzed and access to the concerned law enforcement agency is discussed along with
the socio-psychological and legal barriers one might experience. The Global Strategies Index and Global Security Index in its report
published in 2018, ranked Pakistan as seventh worst cyber-secure state in the world. Pakistan also holds a poor record on cyber
security, ranking 79th by Global Cyber Security Index. With an ever increasing number of cyber space users in Pakistan and heavy
influx of online business activity in the country, the markets and Pakistani citizens are vulnerable to criminal activities including more

Abstract
sophisticated types of crimes such as crimes involving ICT. Parallelly, cyber bullying and other illegal activities on social media are
undeniably affecting the psychological wellbeing. It is a sad reality that a university professor is recently convicted of committing a
cyber-crime against his own female colleague. Theories such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Shattered Assumptions
Theory are discussed in the backdrop of individual’s experiences in this study while the study follows Protection Motivation Theory
(PMT) being highly relevant in the modern day context of cyber security. The research is based on mixed methodology. Quantitative
analysis is conducted on the data collected through questionnaires from the sample of 200 individuals including university/college
students and faculty whereas interviews are conducted to obtain qualitative data FIA officials, public prosecutors, lawyers and
members of a civil society. The study identifies serious legislative and procedural defects, delay in the enactment of laws, laws falling
behind in context and time, technical and legal heterogeneity, conflicts of laws and basic principles, limitations on the scope of
application and individual experiences and hence, proposes indigenous legislation involving socio-psychological factors in law making
process which powered by effective criminal justice system in Pakistan.

Keywords: Cyber Security, Media and Communications, National Cyber Security Policy 2021, PECA 2016, Cybercrime, CPEC, ICT.
 Institutional Complexities in Participatory Development: Analysis of Crises ‎Effected Communities of Northwest
Pakistan
Dr. Noor Elahi
44
1. Assistant Professor, (PhD in Development studies from Norway), Department of Development Studies,
COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus ([email protected]
&[email protected])

Participatory development has in fact claimed a better way for socio-economic development and empowerment of marginalized
people particularly in developing countries. Since last one and half decade Pakistan is facing a number of crises (conflict and
natural disasters), which highly effected not only the development perspectives of communities but also derailed the functioning of
government institutions. Although government of Pakistan including Pakistan Army and non-governmental organizations (NGOs,
national/international) simultaneously implementing the international aid and government funds for the relief, rehabilitation and
reconstruction of the crises effected population. This research following participatory development approaches, investigates the
complexities and issues arise among government institutions, donors’ agencies and NGOs in the process of application of
participatory development and delivering social services particularly in post crisis development of northwestern Pakistan. Through
qualitative methods, including formal and informal interviews, participant observation, and focus group discussions, the research

Abstract
reveals a number of political, cultural, bureaucratic and organizational complexities in post crises development interventions. The
main challenges identified in post crises aid and development are lack of coordination between government and NGOs or civil
society organizations regarding collective action planning for the selection of specific areas and affected communities, and cultural
and political perspectives of effected communities to maintain the development. Moreover, the issues of no objection certificate to
international organizations for direct implementation of development interventions in crisis affected communities has further
hampered the capacity of the local implementing partners as they have low capacity and experiences in participatory
development. Although the government of Pakistan has established a full fledge disaster management department to coordinate
between the government and nongovernment organizations for better utilization of the development aid through participatory
processes. Nevertheless, we found that, in spite of wide range of difficulties in implementation of development aid, the process of
collective actions has still some good results on rehabilitation and reconstruction activities, and improving the socio-economic
conditions of marginalized classes including ethnic and religious minorities. The research suggests that complexities may be
overwhelmed through capacity building of the government institutions and local organizations in term of participatory
development, and developing collaboration strategies between government, NGOs and local communities.

Key words: Participatory development, Institutional complexities, Post crisis development

45 Mainstreaming Pakistan’s Tribal Areas and Socio-Political ‎Transformation: Countering Violent
Extremism Among the Tribal ‎Youth
Dr. Muhammad Irfan Mahsud

1. Assistant Professor Department of Peace and Conflict Studies National Defence University, E-9
Islamabad, Pakistan ([email protected])

It is estimated that Pakistan has one of the largest youth bulge, 64 percent of the population is under 30 years of age.
Youth bulge is considered to be a ticking bomb in a country like Pakistan where extremist elements are widespread,
poverty and unemployment ratio is high. The situation is worse in tribal areas in this context. In the 21st century,
approximately 15000 youngsters have joined violent extremist organizations in the tribal belt of Pakistan.[1] The paper
argues that the displacement to urban areas has greatly influenced the socio-political institutions of the tribesmen. In
urban areas, direct access to communication networks such as mobile phones, internet and social media has played
key role in the empowerment of the tribal youth. Participation in various socio-political activities/situations such as

Abstract
political campaigning, approval of demands through peaceful protests has provided alternate/important platform to
approve long standing demands. Findings suggest that awareness and socio-political transformation triggered by the
displacement has halted the enrollment of the tribal youth in the violent-religious, religious political and nonpolitical
organizations. The study emphasizes that since FATA-KP merger, relatively low extremist tendencies have been noted
among the tribal youth. The study employs ethnographic based data collection tools, such as semi-structured
interviews, informal discussions and personal observations to reach its findings.

Keywords: CVE, Tribal Youth, FATA-KP Merger, Socio-Political Transformation, Extremism, Militancy.
 Session Five: Global Health (Group A)
Cultural Adaptation of mindfulness-based intervention for reducing stress and enhancing psychological well-being in university students

46 Anum Sarfraz and Salma Siddiqui

1. Phd Candidate, Department of Behavioral Sciences, S3H, NUST, ([email protected])

2. Professor, Department of Behavioral Sciences, S3H, NUST, ([email protected])

Stress in university students is a significant global issue that frequently results in serious mental health problems like depression, anxiety and
suicide. In low-and-middle-income countries, with reduced resources and a multitude of economic and political instabilities such as Pakistan, it is
important to use low-cost, effective interventions. Although, mindfulness-based interventions have shown considerable effectiveness in
improving physical and psychological health, there is a paucity of methodologically sound research in low-and-middle-income countries. The
objectives of this study were to culturally adapt a mindfulness-based intervention for university students using a transparent systematic
approach and study the pre and post training changes in outcome measures for future trials. It also aimed at pilot testing of outcome measures.
There is a growing impetus for indigenous evidence-based practices which requires a plausible fit with practice-based research to increase the
effectiveness of any intervention. Many frameworks have been proposed for the systematic adaptation of interventions. This study culturally
adapts the eight week “Finding Peace in a Frantic World” course for Pakistani University students, using Medical Research Council framework,
along with the Heuristic framework for cultural adaptation of interventions. Following the MRC and Heuristic framework the study was carried
out in four steps: First, information gathering, which included synthesizing findings from a systematic review, experiences of local and

Abstract
international mindfulness practitioners, researchers, teachers, and students to identify required adaptations to be made. Second, preliminary
adaptation design was prepared based on first step. Third, a preliminary adaptation test was delivered to n=8 students. Outcome measures for
stress (Clinical Outcomes Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure), mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire) and psychological well-
being (Ryff’s Psychological well-being scale) were used to study pre and post intervention changes. Interviews were conducted with participants
about the content, structure, usefulness, and cultural appropriateness of the adapted mindfulness training. In-depth analysis was done to gain
cultural equivalence. Finally, adaptation refinement was carried out. Pilot testing of outcome measures was also conducted for future
effectiveness trial of the adapted mindfulness-based-intervention. The feedback of participants and stakeholders on the course content indicated
universality in the core principles of the components. However, surface structure changes included, language, mode of presentation of the
reading material, culturally equivalent metaphorical expressions, culturally relevant examples, weekly sessions with mindfulness instructor,
cultural equivalence of concepts, length of reading material and an additional orientation audio recording. There was a mean difference between
the baseline and post assessments with a suggested reduction in stress scores and indicated increase in mindfulness and psychological well-
being scores. The pilot testing of outcome measures showed strong internal consistency. The systematic adaptation process provides the
groundwork for future feasibility and large scale RCTs to explore the effectiveness of the adapted Mindfulness training for university students in
Pakistan.
Keywords
Mindfulness, cultural adaptation, well-being, stress, students
 Psychosocial Determinants of Cognitive Functioning among Older Adults
Hajra Akbar, Dr. Sumara Masood Ul Hassan
47
1. National University of Sciences and Technology, Department of Behavioral Sciences
([email protected])
2. National University of Sciences and Technology, Department of Behavioral Sciences
([email protected])

The persistent increase in cognitive dysfunctions due to upsurge in greying population has impelled social gerontologist to
study potential psychosocial determinants of elderly cognitive functioning. Much attention has been paid to biological
determinants however systematic reviews on psychosocial determinants are overlooked. Although the cognitive decline is
typical with the aging process yet, evidence suggests that cognitive functioning among elderly is possibly affected by
modifiable risk and protective factors. The current review aims to summarize the evidence for psychosocial factors as well as
the underlying factors which may affect the association between psychosocial determinants and cognitive functioning. We
also aim to find out the theoretical and literature gaps in work done on psychosocial factors of cognitive functioning among

Abstract
older adults. After searching potentially relevant articles published between 2000 and 2021 on Web of Science, PubMed and
Science direct, 163743 studies were obtained. Rayyan software was used to remove duplicate cases. The quality and internal
validity of the studies was estimated using STROBE and SIGN checklists. Twenty out of 372 full-text articles met the inclusion
criteria and were critically appraised. Total 9 (45%) studies identified risk factors; 10 (50%) focused on corroborating
protective factors, while one (5 %) studies examined both risk and protective factors. Results showed that demographics
(age, education, ethnicity, smoking as well as drinking status and weight), psychological factors (psychological disorders and
personality traits), and social factors (occupations status, social isolation, involvement in stimulating and religious activities)
emerged as potential determinants of cognitive functioning in older adults. Literature revealed that activity (social, leisure,
religious or physical) is one of the noticeable protective social determinants whereas neuroticism is a distinguishable
psychological risk factor. There seem to be a lack of studies on effect of demographic determinants on cognitive functioning.
This review suggests that more studies regarding psychosocial determinants might be helpful in devising strategies to delay
early cognitive dysfunctions. In addition, there are certain underlying factors which effect the association between cognitive
functioning and psychosocial determinants. This review provides a concise summary of the current literature about the
psychosocial determinants of cognitive dysfunction therefore, it would aid clinicians to understand the origin of cognitive
decline in absence of any organic cause by taking into account the potential psychosocial factors while clients’ assessment.
 Integrating Mental Health Services in Existing Healthcare System in Pakistan: A Public Mental Health
Approach

48 Sumbal Gilani
1. NUST ([email protected])

Adolescence is a critical period for rapid psychophysical and socio-cognitive changes that have long-term health and
happiness implications1. In this perspective, the development of lifestyle choices and problematic behaviours may
indicate a change in wellbeing that requires attention and swift intervention. The aim of this study was to investigate
whether changes in subjective wellbeing could be predicted by lifestyle behaviours and coping strategies among our
local teenagers, particularly in COVID-19 epidemic. Between July 1 and September 1, 2021, adolescents aged 14 to 22
filled out a questionnaire with 33 questions assessing socio-demographic factors, lifestyle behaviours, subjective well-
being and several coping methods. There were 315 people for whom information was available. Descriptive statistics
were used to evaluate sociodemographic and lifestyle parameters of students, behaviours, coping strategies, and
subjective well-being. To enhance interpretability and simplicity, multiple response options were built into our
questionnaire to micro analyze our variables. The results of the study show a wide range of "active" and "planning"
adaptive coping strategies. A number of factors showed a substantial change when evaluating the effect of

Abstract
adolescents' daily habits and coping mechanisms on their psychological health and wellbeing. Physical activity and
engaging in positive approaches were two of the "active" and "planned" adaptive coping strategies related to a
noteworthy increase in wellbeing. Physical activity and engaging in positive approaches were two of the "active" and
"planned" adaptive coping strategies related to a noteworthy increase in wellbeing. Our findings have significant
implications for possible risk factors, such as the development of viable early detection and preventive programmes for
adolescents with health and mental problems.”

Keywords: Mental health; School; Resilience; Adolescence; Coping strategy

49 Women’s Reproductive Health: Coping with Infertility
Dr. Sehr un Nisa

1. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Behavioral Sciences, School of Social Sciences and Humanities
(S3H), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad, Pakistan
([email protected])

Infertility is a major reproductive health problem with psychological repercussions. This study assessed coping
mechanism adopted by women with infertility stress in relation to emotional health. FertiQol and the COPE Inventory

Abstract
assessed the infertility experiences and coping mechanisms, respectively. Pearson correlation to assess the
relationship between coping and emotional health. t-test and ANOVA were applied to assess the significance of mean
differences. Infertility has significant negative impacts on women’s emotional health (M=57.7; 95% CI – 56.9 – 58.2).
Religious coping was the most dominant way of coping (M=14.8; 95%CI – 14.7 – 14.9) followed by use of instrumental
social support (M=12.7; 95% CI – 12.5 – 12.8. Active coping (r=-.11; p<.01) and acceptance (r=-.15; p<.01) negatively
associate with emotional impacts of infertility. Venting of emotions (r=.13; p<.01) and religious coping (r=.12; p<.01)
have significant positive correlation with emotional impacts of infertility. Findings suggest women should be guided to
seek psychological guidance and support to relieve infertility distress in addition to religious coping. The instrumental
social support found to be most effective in coping thus women support groups should be established to enhance
women’s access to more accurate information regarding infertility treatments and resources to seek psychological
guidance.

Keywords: Women health, Religious coping, Social support, Emotional health, Well-being
 Session Six: Global Health (Group B)

Stigma, caregiver burden and expressed emotion among caregivers of individuals with drug addiction
50 Iqra Sageer, Alia Asmat, Ayesha Sarfaraz

1. MS Scholar, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan ([email protected])

2. Associate Professor, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan ([email protected])
3. Assistant Professor, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan ([email protected])

The present study explored the impact of stigma and caregiver burden on expressed emotions and the role of self-
compassion in caregivers of drug addicts. The sample included N= 300 caregivers. The following scales were used to
assess stigma, caregiver burden, self-compassion and expressed emotions: Affiliate Stigma Scale (Mak & Cheung,
2008), Burden Scale for Family Caregivers-s (Graessel et al., 2014), Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003), and Family
Questionnaire (Wiedemann et al., 2002). Pearson product-moment correlation was used to examine the relationship
between stigma, caregiver burden, and expressed emotion. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine
how stigma and caregiver burden predict expressed emotion. A moderation analysis was conducted to examine the
role of self-compassion as a moderator between stigma, caregiver burden, and expressed emotion. Results showed

Abstract
that there was a significant positive correlation between stigma, caregiver burden, and expressed emotions. Stigma
and caregiver burden positively predicted expressed emotions. In addition, self-compassion moderated the relationship
between stigma, caregiver burden, and expressed emotions in caregivers. It is concluded that due to internalized
stigma, caregivers feel the burden of caregiving and show strong emotions toward patients. Therefore, the expressed
emotions of the family may play a role in the failure of the patient's recovery. In the relationship between these
variables, self-compassion acts as a moderator, with an increase in self-compassion reducing the effects of stigma and
caregiver burden on expressed emotions toward the patient.

Keywords: stigma, caregiver burden, self-compassion, expressed emotions

 Cognitive Distortions, Fear of Pain, Hyper-Vigilance and Psychological Distress in Chronic Back Pain Patients
Ms Aasma Yousaf, Noor e Saher

51 1. Assistant Professor and Consultant Clinical Psychologist, Center for Clinical Psychology, University of Punjab, Lahore
([email protected])
2. MS Trainee, Center for Clinical Psychology, University of Punjab, Lahore ([email protected])

Low back pain is a phenomenon that is experienced by all human beings at any point in their life. Some negative cognition create
fear in the individual related to pain that in return make the person vigilant to pain and create more distress consequently
experiencing intensive pain. Undoubtedly, health professionals are identifying and dealing with the biological factors of low back
pain but little attention is being paid towards psychological and environmental factors such as negative thinking pattern,
negative emotions and other intrinsic factors specifically fear that typically leads towards the intensive pain experience and
psychological distress. The current research aimed to study the relationship in cognitive distortions, pain related fear, hyper-
vigilance and psychological distress in patients with chronic low back pain. Correlation research design (within) was used. It was
hypothesized that 1) there would be a significant relationship in cognitive distortions, pain related fear, hyper-vigilance and
psychological distress in patients with chronic low back pain. 2) Cognitive distortions, pain related fear, hyper-vigilance and
psychological distress are likely to differ in men and women. 3) Cognitive distortions, fear related to pain and hyper-vigilance will

Abstract likely to predict psychological distress, in patients with chronic low back pain. A sample of 100 participants with chronic back
pain were selected for data collection, through non-probability purposive sampling strategy. The Demographic Information
Questionnaire, The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (Sullivan, 2009), The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III (McNeil, 2006), The Pain
Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (Roelofs, Peters, McCracken & Vlaeyen, 2003), Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler,
Barker, Colpe, Epstein, Gfroerer, Hiripi,et al., 2003) is used to assess the relationship between study variables. The results of the
study showed that Gender was significantly positively related to fear of pain, showing that fear of pain is more in women as
compared to men. Education showed significant negative relationship with pain catastrophizing, while significant negative
relationship with fear of pain. Satisfaction with treatment showed significant positive relationship with cognitive distortion
(magnification). Pain catastrophizing (rumination, magnification and helplessness) was significantly positively related to pain
related fear at all the three levels of pain, i.e. minor, severe and medical pain, pain vigilance and awareness, and psychological
distress. Fear of pain had positive relationship with the pain awareness and psychological distress. Pain awareness and
vigilance showed significant positive relationship with psychological distress. Helplessness and magnification emerged as the
positive predictors of psychological distress in patients with chronic low back pain. Two groups of men and women significantly
differ in the fear of minor, severe and medical pain. The study concluded that patients can weaken the psychological distress
produced by pain, through avoiding faulty thinking patterns, the associated fear and the phase of superfluous awareness and
vigilance of pain.
Keywords: Cognitive Distortions, Fear of pain, Psychological Distress, Chronic Lower Back Pain Patients, Adolescents wellbeing.
 Intimacy and Emotional Well-Being in Partners Living With PCOS Women
Rubina Kauser and Hifza Imran

52 1. Department of Applied Psychology, School of Professional Psychology, University of Management

and Technology, Pakistan. ([email protected])
2. Lecturer, Department of Psychology, School of Professional Psychology, University of
Management and Technology, Pakistan. ([email protected])

This study was aimed to find out the relationship between emotional intimacy, social intimacy and emotional well-
being in partners living with PCOS women. The study used a correlational cross-sectional research design. The
sample consisted of N=76 couples of PCOS women and their husbands. Emotional Intimacy Scale (Sinclair & Dowdy,
2005), Miller Social Intimacy Scale (Miller & Lefcourt, 1982), and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale
(Tennant et al, 2007) were used for data collection from men and PCOSQOL Scale (Williams, Sheffield, & Knibb,
2018) was used for assessment of HRQOL from women. Pearson product-moment correlation analysis revealed that
HRQOL of women is significantly positively correlated with emotional intimacy, social intimacy and emotional
wellbeing of partners living with PCOS women. Furthermore it was revealed that Emotional intimacy and social
intimacy are significantly positively correlated with emotional wellbeing. Hierarchal regression analysis found

Abstract
emotional intimacy and social intimacy as significant positive predictors of emotional well-being. It was a unique
contribution in the field of health, family, and counseling psychology. It can help in understanding problems
associated with management and adherence in PCOS women. It also highlights the impact of these types of
metabolic chronic illnesses on the family members and their spouses. It is a very initial study that could act as a
groundwork which could help health care providers to raise awareness about the psychological well-being of couples
where women are suffering from PCOS, and to design and create couple-based interventions for PCOS women and
their partners.

Keywords: Marital Quality, Emotional Intimacy, Social Intimacy, HRQOL, Emotional Well Being.
 Development And Psychometric Properties Of Muslim Moral Emotions Inventory (Mmei) In Youth

Rezki Perdani Sawai, Joki Perdani Sawai, Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz
53
1. Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia ([email protected])
2. Senior Lecturer, Universiti Malaysia Sabah ([email protected])
3. Senior Lecturer, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia ([email protected])

In recent years, there is an increased number of criminal offenses statistics among adolescents in Malaysia. This is
believed to be rooted from the reduce of moral emotions which include lack of shame (haya’) and guilt in themselves.
Therefore, there is a need of instruments which is useful in measuring moral emotions in improving individual
awareness. This article presents a self-report measure of moral emotions known as Muslims Moral Emotions
Inventory (MMEI). This study employed the quantitative approach through the application of the DeVellis (2012) and
Miller et al. (2013) models. In this study, researcher administered an initial pool of 135 items to a Muslim youth
sample (n=1147) from three institutions, i.e., Tahfiz, higher educational institution students and inmates of
rehabilitation centres in Klang Valley, Malaysia. An exploratory factor analysis supported five factors of MMEI that
constitute shame: positive speech, sensitivity to others' judgments, lowering one’s gaze, preserving one's

Abstract
purity/dignity and modest self-presentation. The results of this study also found four basic dimensions of MMEI that
build on guilt which include fear of punishment, concern for others, God consciousness and forgiveness. Researcher
then verified these factors structure in a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using AMOS 22 noted that the
compatibility value for shame was p = .000, RMSEA = .041, GFI = .957, CFI = .973, RFI = .926 and Chisq/df = 1.815. On
the other hand, for the guilt construct it is p = .000, RMSEA = .051, GFI = .963, CFI = .974, RFI = .935 and Chisq/df =
2.296. The findings of this study provide the initial evidence for the scale’s internal reliability, test-retest reliability,
and validity, and we suggest future directions for research.
Keywords: Moral emotions, shame (haya’), guilt, youth, structural equation modeling
 Session Seven: Social Integration and Community Wellbeing

Enhancement of Psychological Functioning through Support for Student Exposed to Trauma among School
54 Children: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial from Democratic Republic of Congo
Nazia Mustafa1, Azza Warraitch2 & Dr. Rizwana Amin

1. PhD Scholar, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Psychologist, PA Dte, GHQ,
Rawalpindi, Pakistan ([email protected])
2. PhD Scholar of Psychology in Ireland ([email protected])
3. Associate professor, Department of professional psychology, Bahria University Islamabad campus
([email protected])

In Congo, 10-12% of children have been reported to experience severe mental health difficulties. To address the prevalent
mental health treatment gap in Congo, the current study aimed to explore the feasibility and preliminary effect of the
Support for Students Exposed to Trauma (SSET) program in improving psychological wellbeing of students experiencing
trauma. A pilot randomized controlled trial design was used to explore the feasibility of SSET program in school settings of
Democratic Republic of Congo. 40 children aged 11-16 years were enrolled from four public schools and randomized into

Abstract intervention arm receiving the Support for Students Exposed to Trauma (SSET) program and control arm receiving routine
care. Students in both arms were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) at baseline and
were provided with 5 weeks of SSET intervention sessions in the intervention arm and routine care in control arm. In
addition to immediate post-intervention assessment of psychological wellbeing, change in student’s psychological
wellbeing was assessed at the primary endpoint of three months after completing intervention delivery. Findings from
mixed between-within subjects’ analysis of variance indicated significant interaction of group wise differences across time
on depression, stress and anxiety scores of participants. This finding illustrates effectiveness of the intervention in reducing
symptoms of depression, stress and anxiety among adolescents over time in the intervention arm as compared to the
control arm. This study highlighted the effectiveness SSET in reducing depression, anxiety and stress among school going
children in low-resource settings of Democratic Republic of Congo with limited health care resources.

Keywords: Psychological wellbeing, school settings, task-shifting, Democratic Republic of Congo, Support for Students Exposed to
Trauma (SSET)
 Problematizing Definition of Social Resilience: A Scoping Review of Popular Definitions
Azher Hameed Qamar
55 1.Post-Doc Researcher, School of Social Work, Lund University, Sweden, Assistant Professor, Department of Behavioral
Sciences, S3H, National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad ([email protected])

Social resilience is relatively new rarely explored concept. In 21st century, it is becoming significant in sustainability studies in the
context of social wellbeing and its impact on quality of life. The concept of social resilience is frequently associated with
predominant conceptualization of resilience in Psychology. However, it goes beyond the narrow definition of resilience by
assessing individual’s traits and psychological fitness to ‘calculate’ social resilience. Cultural adherence, informal social
networking, local knowledge and belief practices, the social value of relationships and community members, and
interdependence, all contribute to a complex and cohesive whole of social resilience. The primary objective of this scoping review
of popular definitions of social resilience is to problematize the concept to highlight its process-oriented interdisciplinary
characteristics that are rarely addressed in definitions. Academic literature was searched using electronic academic databases
(Scopus, Pubmed and google scholar) for articles published in English between since 2000. The relevant literature was searched
using the keywords ’Resilience, Community Resilience, Social Resilience’. The articles that include ‘Social Resilience’ in their titles
were included and screened for the definition of social resilience. A search (using given keywords) produced 1473 article.
However, only 401 (after excluding duplicates) articles include the word ‘Social Resilience’ in their titles. 273 articles provided a
definition of social resilience in their texts. Removing duplicate definitions, I could find 68 definitions of social resilience that were
‘anyhow’ similar in several ways. I did a content analysis of these definitions to see how the social resilience is portrayed in

Abstract defining the concept. Almost all the definitions describe social resilience as ability or capacity referring to withstand, recover and
maintain. I placed the words used to describe the ability or capacity in four interconnected categories, i.e. adaptation, adjustment,
continuity, recovery. These four categories lead to flexibility and stability that is translated into the capacity or ability of social
resilience. A description of social resilience with reference to these definitions leads to the understanding of social resilience into a
‘measurable’ construct that can be generalized on the basis of the individual characteristics. That is how the notion of ‘ability’ or
‘capacity’ limits the scope of social resilience to be conceptualized and investigated as a phenomenon that is an interdisciplinary
construct expanding its scope to community dynamics, flexibility and several other environmental factors (such as political, social,
cultural, economic and ecological). The experience of a person or a social group to sustain is ingrained in how the resilience is
socially and culturally shaped, internalized and translated into adaptation and transformation. This makes the concept of social
resilience an interdisciplinary construct expanding its scope to community dynamics and flexibility. A decontextualization of the
concept ‘social resilience’ and an attempt to the universalization of the resilience theories dominated by top-down psychological
approaches may undermine the broader socio-cultural context, indigenous understanding, and wider/deeper scope of resilience
studies. Hence, rethinking resilience with a ground-up interdisciplinary approach is required.

Keywords: social resilience, resilience, interdisciplinary, qualitative, phenomenon

 Gender Based Discrimination and Wellbeing of Girls with Child Marriages
Aneela Aziz, Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal

56 1.PhD Student, National Institute of Psychology (NIP), Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad

([email protected])

2. Vice Chancellor (RWU), Rawalpindi Women University, 6th Road Satellite Town, Rawalpindi,
Punjab, Pakistan ([email protected])

The attitude of society towards girl child marriages and the effect of gender classification on the development of
education, well-being, and employment of a girl child in Pakistan is very uncommonly studied during recent era. The
present study highlights the issue of gender-based classification and the norms associated with the education, well-
being, and employment related programs offered for a girl child. Therefore, the role of social dominance orientation in
determining the attitude towards girl child marriages is studied using quantitative methodological approach under the
theoretical context of social dominance theory. The Social Dominance Orientation Scale (Ho et al., 2012), and Attitude
towards Girl Child Marriages Scale (Kaynak & Hasta, 2016) were used to derive results for the hypothetical
relationships. The convenient purposive sampling was used to collect data from N = 250 male and female adolescents.

Abstract
The results have shown that there is a role of dominance in determining the positive attitude towards girl child
marriages. The dominance promotes the positive attitude towards girl child marriages as compared to egalitarianism.
The present study can contribute to reduce the gender stereotypical misconceptions and biasedness in thinking
patterns of adolescents supporting the idea of girl child marriages.

Keywords: Social dominance orientation, wellbeing, attitude towards girl child marriages, social dominance theory,
gender classification.
57
A self-help approach to treat Depression: A study on housemaids

Warda Safdar

1. Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University

Psychological health of housemaids in Pakistan is one of the problems that hasn’t been worked upon much. This
intervention based study aims to improve the quality of life of female housemaids by teaching them coping skills to
deal with their depression. Depression of housemaids was addressed using the self-help manual “khushi aur
khatoon”. The hypothesis of this study is that CBT would cause a significant decline in depression of housemaids. A
sample of 10 participants was collected through convenient sampling. Data collection was carried out during the
lockdown time period due to Covid-19 outbreak. Participants completed the pre-intervention phase in which their

Abstract
level of depression was measured through PHQ-9 Urdu version followed by the 8 week intervention phase in which
CBT self-help manual was used based on the caliber and convenience of participants. Post-intervention phase then
measured the level of depression of participants again through Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Urdu. Analysis of the
data done using SPSS-22 showed that there was a significant decrease (P .002) in symptoms of depression in
participants as measured by pre and post intervention phases. Participants did report that they experienced
improvement in their daily lives after receiving and incorporating the self-help approach in day to day life to deal with
depression. This study would help future researchers to use CBT with population that is more vulnerable to
psychological issues and unable to seek professional help and difficult to approach.
 Usability of GIFTED Psychoeducational Module Among Gifted and Talented Students: Psychometric Assessment
Using USE instrument

58 Amnah Zanariah Abd Razak, Shahlan Surat, Rosadah Abd Majid, Rezki Perdani Sawai, Nor Hamizah Abd
Razak
1. Lecturer, GENIUS Insan College, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), MALAYSIA ([email protected])
2.Lecturer, Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), MALAYSIA ([email protected])
3. Lecturer, Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), MALAYSIA ([email protected])
4.Lecturer, Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), MALAYSIA
([email protected])
5.Lecturer, Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), MALAYSIA
([email protected])

Socio-emotional issues among gifted and talented students are growing daily. Based on the need’s analysis performed,
the most common socio-emotional issues among the Muslim gifted and talented students studied were perfectionism,
social anxiety, and overexcitability. Therefore, a module development study was attended on these three issues. The
innovation product of this module was named GIFTED Psychoeducational Module. This module had a high level of validity

Abstract
and reliability. The employment of design and development research (DDR) methodology as the selected approach is
justified in this study by its pragmatism in testing the theory and validating the practicality. For this module’s evaluation
phase, the USE questionnaire was used in this research, which contained 30 items representing the three dimensions of
usability assessment: usefulness, satisfaction, and ease of use, to examine this module’s usability level. The USE
questionnaire was chosen because it has good quality to measure its usability and has been widely used. Next, this study
concentrated on the study’s objectives to identify the GIFTED psychoeducation module’s usability among gifted and
talented students. A sum of 30 users in gifted and talented schools in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, underwent this GIFTED
psychoeducational module. The Cronbach’s Alpha reliability rating for this instrument was good. The USE instrument was
relevant for measuring module usability among module users. Therefore, this study was only limited to usability studies in
the development of GIFTED psychoeducational module. The conclusions of the study indicated that this GIFTED
Psychoeducational Module had a medium-high usability value. Therefore, this GIFTED Psychoeducational Module has
confirmed to help the socio-emotional issues of perfectionism, social anxiety and overexcitability among intelligent and
talented students to develop physically and mentally good human beings. Generally, the USE instrument had good validity
and reliability values and was established to determine the product’s usability for this GIFTED Psychoeducation Module
among Muslim gifted and talented students.
Keywords: Usability, module, perfectionism, social anxiety, overexcitability, gifted and talented students.
 Session Eight: Child and Adolescence Wellbeing (Group A)
Dr. Rafia Rafique
Fear of Childbirth, Emotion Regulation and Psychosocial Wellbeing in Young Pregnant Women
59
1. University of the Punjab, Lahore

Pregnancy is considered to be a difficult time for expecting mothers and the experience is different for every woman as some have
childbirth fear whereas others enjoy and welcome all phases of pregnancy (Escott et al., 2004). The present study was designed to
investigate predictors of childbirth psychosocial wellbeing in pregnant women. Another objective of the study was to find out the
moderating role of emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) between fear of childbirth and
psychosocial wellbeing. Every year 22 to 66 percent of pregnant women are affected by childbirth fear during pregnancy in Pakistan
which needs to be managed to avoid adverse outcomes for mother as well as unborn child (Liberto, 2012). The findings will help
devise management plans to combat childbirth fear for expecting mothers. Self-determination theory by Deci and Ryan (2000) put
forth the set of psychological needs (autonomy, competence and relatedness) which are considered necessary for healthy human
functioning and offers an understanding into the fear of childbirth and emotion regulation in pregnant women and how their
psychological wellbeing can be increased by regulating their negative emotions such as fear and stress. It was hypothesized that

Abstract
fear of childbirth is likely to have negative relationship with psychosocial wellbeing. Similarly it was hypothesized that emotion
regulation is likely to moderate the relationship between fear of child birth and psychosocial wellbeing. Moreover it was hypothesized
that there is likely to be a difference in fear of child birth, emotion regulation and psychosocial wellbeing in pregnant women with
first, second and third trimesters. Correlational research design was used and a sample of (N= 141) pregnant women, with age
range between 18 to 24 years was approached through purposive sampling technique. The Demographic Information Sheet, Wijma
Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaire (Klaas & Wijma, 1998), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003) and
Mental Health Continuum Short Form (Keyes, 2005) were used to assess the study variables. Results identified a significant positive
relationship between fear of childbirth and psychosocial wellbeing. Moreover Regression through PROCESS indicated moderating
role of expressive suppression on relationship between fear of child birth and psychosocial wellbeing. Similarly, second trimester
pregnant women had high level of psychosocial wellbeing as well as cognitive reappraisal than pregnant women in their first and
third trimester. This study will help pregnant women in improving their psychosocial wellbeing by learning to effectively regulating
their emotions. The study has strong implications for psychologists and gynecologists. However, major limitation of the study lies in
the sample selection as divorced, widowed and separated pregnant women were excluded along with those with a history of
miscarriage or comorbid medical conditions which should be addressed in future studies. The study highlighted that pregnant
women with more childbirth fear have low psychosocial (psychological, emotional as well as social) wellbeing and the relationship
was significantly moderated by expressive suppression.

Key words: Fear of childbirth, Emotion regulations, Psychosocial wellbeing, Child and Adolescence Wellbeing
 Psychosocial Challenges for Domestic Child Labour in Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Anila Kamal 1 , Dr. Irum Naqvi 2 , Namood-e-Sahar 3 , and Aneela Aziz 3
60
1. Vice Chancellor, Rawalpindi Women University
2. Assistant Professor, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University
3. PhD Scholar, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University

Child labor hampers a child’s normal developmental milestones (Latif et al., 2018). In Pakistan about 3.1 million
children below age of 15 years are active in labor market (Azhar & Khalil, 2020), of which domestic child labor is an
exploitative and widespread one. Present research thus aimed at exploring psychological risk factors and challenges
for children in domestic labor. Focus group discussions and interviews were conducted with professionals (N=20);
comprising of social workers, lawyers, doctors, and clinical psychologists. 18 in-depth semi-structured interviews
were conducted with victims of domestic child labor and their parent/guardians. They were approached through
Child Welfare and Protection Bureau and Society for Protection of the Rights of Child (SPARC). Thematic analysis
was used to generate themes and respective categories. The data obtained demonstrate that the main reason for

Abstract
children to work as domestic labor include economic constraints (i.e., poverty, and unemployment) and community
norms (norms at labor community, and acceptance of society). Domestic child labor also was highlighted by
participants to associate with delinquency/crime, exploitation (i.e., employers’ maltreatment, parental mistreatment,
overburden of work, and low salaries for work), vulnerability to abuse, the impact of domestic labor on a child (i.e.,
compromise on health and safety, psychological impact, personality changes, attitude changes, and behavioral
changes), interest in education, benefits/gains in labor, and gender differences (i.e., preference for domestic labor,
treatment with domestic labor, and reactivity towards abuse). Reporting of child labor has also mentioned to change
since previous times. Suggestions for policy makers regarding law, health and development, education, vocational
training, and community awareness were also mentioned by the participants. Findings will help increase awareness
to general public and stakeholders about the psychosocial risk factors and challenges of domestic child labor. It
would also contribute towards the policy-making for domestic child labor.
Keywords: Domestic child labor, psychosocial challenges, developmental milestones, policy-making, awareness
 Mental Health Problems Faced by Adolescents Living in Boarding Schools

Aisha Saleem, Dr. Salma Siddiqui

61
1. Lecturer and Clinical Psychologist-Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad,
([email protected])
2. Professor-Department of Behavioural Sciences, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National
University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, ([email protected])

Living in boarding brings many challenges for adolescents as they live away from home, in an environment with
disciplinary setup. Adolescents, while going through the stressors of age related changes, when put in a situation
where adjustment is required away from home, develop social, emotional and behavioural problems (Herrero, 2006).
Adolescents subjectively experience and cope with this experience of boarding, which in turn determines their
wellbeing (Skinner & Zimmer-Gembeck, 2007). It is evident from recent events related to boarding school experiences
that students face problems, and at times give in to the situational circumstances (Express Tribune, 2012). Prolonged
experience of stress adversely affects mental and physical well-being as well as academics of the students (Hamre &
Pianta, 2001). The present correlational study is focused on exploring the problems faced by students living in

Abstract
boarding schools, contributing factors and their way of coping. It was hypothesized that students living in boarding
face social, emotional and behavioural problems, and there is a greater level of depressive symptoms in boarders.
Sample for the study (N=245) was boarders (N=157) and day scholars (N=88), taken from five major boarding
schools of Abbottabad city. Three assessment measures were used along with a demographics sheet, i.e. Strength
and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 1997), Brief Cope Inventory (Carver, 1997) and Depression Scale for
Adolescents (Naz, 2010). Findings suggest that students living in boarding face social, emotional, behavioural
problems and higher level of depressive symptoms as compared to day scholars. Coping style appear to predict
social, emotional, behavioural problems and depressive symptoms. The findings highlight the need of intervention
and in depth study of the subjective experience of students living in boarding.
Keywords: Living in Boarding, Adolescence, Depression, Coping Styles, Social Problems
62 Fostering Art Therapy: A Qualitative Study On Its Challenges In Pakistan

Yamna Abrar & Asma Majeed

1. Yamna Abrar, Student, Kinnaird College for Women Lahore, ([email protected])

2. Lecturer, Kinnaird College for Women Lahore, ([email protected])

The aim of the study is to establish the effectiveness of art therapy and the challenges that are being faced in
Pakistan. It will initiate awareness with respect to the importance and scope of art therapies in Pakistan. Some
therapies are not yet thriving as a profession in the field of psychology in Pakistan, and its importance must be
acknowledged in the society as well as in our educational institutes. Such fields have been trending up internationally
around the globe. The main objective was to investigate the boundaries those are hindering to cultivate therapy in
Pakistan. And to determine the need of therapy for specific psychological disorders. Interpretive research design was

Abstract
used for this study to examine the topic. The researcher used the purposive sampling method for the data collection
also known as nonprobability sampling or expert sampling. A purposive sample of Participants were recruited from
social media i.e., Facebook, Instagram. In-depth interviews were led as a method for gathering information. Findings
indicated that a major challenge in fostering therapeutic intervention in Pakistan is the lack of awareness and
practice. Three themes were extracted from the interview, those are challenges, effectiveness, and strategies. This
study will help in understanding the barriers that are hindering art therapy. As well as in understanding its
miraculous effects on the individual to create awareness about art therapy on institutional and professional level.
Moreover, what strategies must be taken to promote art therapy.

Keywords: art therapy, therapist, effectiveness, barriers, therapeutic intervention.

 The predictors of academic procrastination among undergraduates

Sarvarubini Nainee1, Chong Jia Min1, Chong Xin Yi1 and Tee Zhi Yuan1
63
1.Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman ([email protected])

Procrastination occurs when people tend to delay in doing tiring or hard tasks although it is urgent. Compared to the past,
students nowadays face more stress while pursuing their studies due to the higher expectations that come from the society and
parents (Constantin et.,2018). Although some may take the pressure as a motivation to keep going on to achieve good
academic performance, but most of the times it will only slow them down due to demotivation. Procrastination brings a lot of
negative impacts such lower academic performance and higher depression which indirectly affect the wellbeing of an individual
(Yerdelen et al.,2016). Therefore, it is important to determine the factors contribute to procrastination and this study was done
to find the impact of social media addiction, self-efficacy and anxiety on procrastination level among undergraduates in
Malaysia. The hypothesis was there is a significant relationship between social media addiction, self-efficacy level, anxiety level
and procrastination level of undergraduates in Malaysia. The hypothesis was made in line with studies stated in the literature
review whereby most studies found that there was a significant relationship between social media addiction, self-efficacy level,
anxiety level and procrastination (Andangsari et al.,2018; Visser et al., 2018). In this study, lower levels of self-efficacy, higher

Abstract levels of anxiety and social media addiction is expected to correlate or cause a higher level of procrastination in an individual.
Assuming that the participants are truthful while answering the surveys, it can be said that the relationship of the above-
mentioned variables could be studied in this research. The participants consist of 194 undergraduates from University Tunku
Abdul Rahman, Kampar aged 20 to 25 and they were recruited through convenience sampling. Survey consists of few validated
scales namely Procrastination Scale, the New General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Social Media Addiction Scale and the Generalized
Anxiety Disorder Scale. The results of the survey were evaluated via SPSS. The results shows a positive relationship among
social media addiction and procrastination with the dependent variable, procrastination. Self-efficacy was found that it had a
negative relationship with procrastination level of undergraduates. The Pearson correlation test was conducted and it was
found that social media addiction and anxiety level has a significant positive relationship with the procrastination level of an
individual. Self-efficacy level was found to have a significant negative relationship with the procrastination level of an individual.
The results can also be explained by using the cognitive model. When an individual has more self-efficacy or confidence to
succeed while facing a task, they tend to complete the task faster in order to obtain the pleasurable feeling of success earlier,
thus they tend to have lower procrastination level.

Keywords: social media addiction, self-efficacy, procrastination, undergraduates

 Session Nine: Child and Adolescence Wellbeing (Group B)

Risk and Protective Factors of Suicidal Ideation among Eastern and Western Countries: A Systematic Review of
64 Quantitative Studies

Noor Ul Ain Muneeb and Sumara Masood Ul Hassan

1. Student. Department of Behavioral Sciences, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University of
Sciences and Technology, H-12 Islamabad, Pakistan ([email protected])
2. Assistant Professor, Department of Behavioral Sciences, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National
University of Science and Technology, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan([email protected])

Suicide ranks second in consuming life of youth aged 15 to 29. Despite preventive measures, suicidal rates are increasing
across the globe. Most studies have focused on psycho-social determinants of suicidal behavior, ignoring the preceding aspect
i.e. suicidal ideation. There is a dearth in the literature regarding synthesized evidence about determinants of suicidal ideation
in Eastern and Western countries. The main objective of the study was to deliver a thorough, updated, and methodical review
of the available literature on risk and protective factors of suicidal ideation in Eastern and Western countries. Secondly, to

Abstract
carry out critical appraisal and assessment of methodological precision of selected studies. PubMed, Embase, and
ScienceDirect were used to access the research material including relevant articles, conference papers, books published from
January 2015 to May 2020. A total of 41 out of 273 full-text articles were included as per PRISMA guidelines. The included
studies were critically evaluated and gauged for methodological quality and internal validity using the AXIS and SIGN
checklists. The findings of the current review highlighted consistent risk factors of suicidal ideation in both Eastern and
Western countries like psychological disorders, personality traits, childhood and adult maltreatment, familial conflicts,
anhedonia, psychological strain, sleep disturbances, stress, emotional reactivity, rumination and negative coping. Physical risk
elements like allergic diseases and defecation disorders were identified in Eastern countries. Hardiness, resilience, social
support, sociotropy, autonomy, and extraversion were identified as protective elements against suicidal ideation. More
similarities than differences were found in both Eastern and Western countries. Despite the abundant literature on suicide, this
review highlights a lack of evidence regarding protective elements of suicidal ideation. Policymakers should take into account
the modifiable risk factors and plan interventions for the young population. Using protective elements, risk should be managed
at the ideation level before its progression to complete suicides.

Keywords: Suicidal ideation, risk factors, protective factors, Eastern and Western countries, systematic review.
 The Influence of Friendship Quality On Psychological Well -Being Among Universiti Malaysia Sabah
Students

65 Dicknos Dulang, Joki Perdani Sawai, Rezki Perdani Sawai, Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz

1. Universiti Malaysia Sabah, ([email protected])

2. Senior Lecturer, Universiti Malaysia Sabah ([email protected])
3. Senior Lecturer, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia ([email protected])
4. Senior Lecturer, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia ([email protected])

Nowadays, there is a growing trend of mental illness among youth in Malaysia. The quality of friendships is believed
to be one of the factors contributing to psychological well-being. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the
relationship between the quality of friendship with the psychological well-being of students at Universiti Malaysia
Sabah. In addition, it was conducted to look whether there were differences in the quality of friendships between the
genders of students in the university and to examine whether there were differences in the psychological well-being
of students between the genders of university students. This is a quantitative study using a survey method design.
The instruments used were the Friendship Quality Scale (FQS) and the Psychological Well Being Scale (PWBS). The

Abstract
questionnaire were created using the Google Form platform and distributed using a social media application called
WhatsApp. The total number of respondents in the study was 170 people, which was 68 male students and 102
female students. The results of the study showed that there is a relationship between the quality of friendship and
psychological well-being among students of Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Meanwhile, there was no differences in the
quality of friendship and psychological well-being between male and female students in this study. In conclusion, the
quality of friendship plays a major role in maintaining the psychological well-being of students in the university. This
will further help students achieve better performance in their academic life at the university.

Keyword: Friendship quality, Psychological well-being, University student

 Factors of Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire

Shaista Majid, Ph.D., Hina Noor, Ph.D., Saima Shaheen, ShamailaHamid, Rukhsana Ashiq
66
1. Assistant Professor (R), Department of Special Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad.
([email protected])
2. Lecturer, Department of Special Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
([email protected])
3. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Special Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
([email protected])
4. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Special Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
([email protected])
5. Ph.D. Scholar,School of Education, University Sains Malaysia. ([email protected])

Measurement techniques and methods used for people with normal IQ cannot be utilized for individuals with
intellectual disabilities owing to their pre-existing cognitive challenges. For addressing this issue development of
informant-based scale to measure factors associated with antisocial behavior was obligatory. For this purpose an

Abstract
Informant-based scale to measure the factors i.e., family, school and child individual factors contributing to antisocial
behavior among mild intellectually disabled adolescents (FASBQ) was developed and validated to fulfill the purpose
of the present study. FASBQ comprised of 33 items on 5-point Like scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always).Face,
content, construct validityand alpha reliability were assessed. Teachers and parents of 254 mild intellectually
disabled adolescents studying in 29 Govt. special schools/centers of D.G. Khan and Multan division of Punjab
province were taken as sample. Items analysis of questionnaire was conducted and items having corrected item
values range from 0.3 to 0.7 were retained. Exploratory factor analysis was computed and any item having a factor
loading less than 0.4 was removed. Three sections were constructed i.e., Family Factors, Child individual factors and
School factors. Subscales of family factors extracted were Parental stress & interaction (6 items), siblings’ interaction
(3 items) and home environment (4 items). Moreover, School Factors subscales were peer influence (3 items) and
school environment (4 items). Child individual Factors contained subscales disability involvement (3 items), exposure
to media (2 items), sexual interest (2 items) and psychosocial involvement (6 items). Results revealed FASBQ a
reliable (0.93) and valid scale to be used for mild intellectually disabled adolescents in Pakistan. Further researches
may be conducted to investigate more factors, causes that lead to ASB in Mild Intellectual Disabled Adolescents.
67 Development of an indigenous measure on maternal tolerance of children with autism (educated mothers).
Mehak Shahzadi , Aasma Yousaf

1. Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of The Punjab ([email protected])

2. Assistant Professor, Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of The Punjab ([email protected])

Present study aims to develop an indigenous measure which measures the tolerance of mothers having children with
autism. Tolerance is a common phenomenon that occurs whenever there is diversity or difference, whether it is
diversity of norms, tradition, ethnicity, culture or diversity of neurological conditions i.e., neurodevelopmental
disorders (intellectual disability, autism), Down syndrome and many other such conditions. Autism is the second most
prevalent disorder and it not only effected the individual rather all other individuals related to him/her as well. Autism
indeed is very distressing condition for family as well especially mothers, because they are responsible for teaching
child how to behave. Community sample of 108 mothers was selected who have their child in the age range of 3-12
and have education qualification above matric. Single parents or divorced mothers were excluded and mothers
having any psychological condition were also excluded from the study. Measures used in the present study was

Abstract
Mental Health Screening Questionnaire. 5 mothers were interviewed first and interviews were transcribed. Based on
the transcriptions four themes were emerged i.e., Irritability/annoyance, Beliefs and thoughts underlying tolerance,
Tolerance of child’ disruptive behavior and Tolerance of other’ opinions. Item pool of 32 items was generated which
was sent to 5 experts having at least 5 years of experience in the relevant field. Based on the suggestions and
feedback from reviewers Questionnaire of 25 items was used for further analysis. Data was collected from the
sample and Exploratory factor analysis was rum on the data. Factor analysis was run on the data. Principle
Component Analysis with varimax rotation and a suppression of .4 was used. 3 factors were emerged i.e., Beliefs
and thoughts about tolerance, Irritability/Annoyance, and Tolerance of child’s disruptive behavior. Questionnaire of
19 items with 3 factors was finalized in the study. A measure of maternal tolerance of mothers having children with
ASD was developed and it can be used in family interventions and will be helpful for family therapists, mental health
professional working in the area of child psychiatry.
 Assessing the Status of Mental Health Legislation in Pakistan
Nazil Danish, Ayesha Zaman and Syeda Javeria Idrees

68 1. Creative Strategist at EIKON7, ([email protected])

2. Graduate Recruit at US Apparel and Textiles ([email protected])
3. Fellow at TeachforPakistan ([email protected])

According to WHO AIMS Report 2008, mental health disorders affect almost 50 million people in Pakistan (WHO, 2008). The purpose
of the study is to evaluate the enactment of mental health legislation in the country, and the role of various civil society institutions in
the promotion of mental health care in Pakistan. The research also identifies the gap in the policymaking and provincial governmental
action, taken after the 18th Amendment, and analyzes the extent to which Pakistan meets the standards set by the WHO Mental
Health Action Plan 2013-2020. Furthermore, it questions the extent to which intersectoral action can aid in the effective development
of mental health care within the country. The conceptual framework utilized theories of Functionalism, Social Constructionism and
Symbolic Interactionism (Erving Goffman’s Theory of Stigma). It’s aim was to identify and evaluate the policy implications of the social
construction of mental illnesses, assess the significance of collaborative approaches through the functionalist perspective and set
guidelines for policy interventions and relevant research in social constructionist practice. It implied that for smooth functioning of the
society, health is an integral part and there ought to be collaboration between relevant stakeholders i.e., social institutions involved in
the provision of health services. The objectives set by WHO Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020, were also set as target tools of

Abstract assessment. Primary and secondary research was utilized, and primary data was collected through qualitative, open-ended interviews
with mental health professionals and policymakers. The questions were asked under the theme of importance of mental health for the
social development of the country and the means through which it can be brought towards the policy agenda. Every participant and
research reiterated that Pakistan lacks the epidemiological data on prevalence of mental health disorders within the population and
the existing mental health legislation and services, is not up to the standards set by WHO Mental Health Action Plan. Every province
lacks resource allocation, autonomy and prioritization towards mental health services, and there is a lack of awareness on the subject,
in every civil society institution. The high incidence of poverty, terrorism and gender discrimination, as well as the prevailing stigma
surrounding mental health, also prevents people from seeking treatment services. The findings further revealed that the media plays a
significant role in spreading mental health awareness to the public and bringing the subject on the policy agenda. Moreover, if civil
society institutions work together to provide and promote mental health care, then intersectoral action can be successfully enacted in
Pakistan. Thus, the study shed light on Pakistan’s inadequate mental health provisions available within society, and its failure to meet
global mental health standards. Thus, resulting in discriminatory treatment of mentally ill people and social exclusion. Moving forward,
the study proposes cost-effective, community-based mental health care provisions, as solutions to the crisis. This can be achieved
through collaborative intersectoral efforts as well as social development schemes and legislative reformation.
Key Words: Mental Health, Mental Disorders, Intersectoral Action, Social Development.
 Session Ten: Socio-economic 'well-being' in the (post-)conflict settings

Post-conflict rehabilitation: A critical evaluation of Civil-Military ‎Cooperation for the assessment of vulnerabilities and
69 establishment of ‎Child Welfare Units in erstwhile FATA

Aleena Khalid Sandhu and Muhammad Makki

1. MS Scholar (Peace & Conflict Studies), Centre for International Peace and Stability (CIPS), National University of
Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan, ([email protected])
2. Assistant Professor and Head of Department (Peace & Conflict Studies), Centre for International Peace and Stability
(CIPS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan, ([email protected])

Several scholars have examined the humanitarian nature of Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC) in post-conflict environments.
However, there has been a limited focus on the establishment and availability of institutional set-up for child welfare, in post-conflict
rehabilitation phase, developed by harnessing CIMIC experiences. This paper aims to address the said gap in erstwhile Federally
Administered Tribal Area---FATA (Pakistan) where the entire former agencies have witnessed series of crises in the form of violent-
extremism, terrorism, and the consequent military operations and conflict-induced (internal) displacement; thus making children, in

Abstract
particular, extremely vulnerable. With regards, this paper outlines highly underreported vulnerabilities related to the children of
erstwhile FATA and identifies the related dynamics of CIMIC in the immediate post-conflict environment. The paper validates its
argument through in-depth semi-structured interviews of CIMIC actors having diverse work experience in erstwhile FATA. This
paper argues that resultant of the erstwhile FATA merger with KP in 2018, and formation of Newly Merged Tribal Districts---NMTDs
the child protection and welfare responsibilities reside with the Social Welfare, Special Education & Women Empowerment
Department, KP. However, an understanding of the needs and risks assessment is mandatory before any institutional arrangement
can be provided in order to ensure its viability and sustainability. Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA), through its
Gender and Child Cell, working under Complex Emergencies Wing (CEW), has the mandate of registering and describing such needs
and risks. Therefore, in the light of the experiences of CIMIC actors, the crucial role of PDMA, KP in identifying exact needs and risks
of the children of the said area is emphasized. And, this paper suggests that this Cell shall act as the key advisor for policy
recommendations to the Social Welfare Department before further Child Protection Units (CPUs) can be established.

Keywords: Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC), vulnerabilities, child welfare, institutional arrangement, Newly Merged Tribal Districts
(NMTDs).
 Exploring the Role of Sabaoon in Improving the Wellbeing of former Juvenile Militants in ‎Swat Valley of Pakistan

Lateef Hakim Zai Khyber, Shahida Aman, Syed Rashid Ali

70
1. MPhil, Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan ([email protected])
2. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, Pakistan ([email protected])
3. Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
([email protected])

Society is constituted of different parts and segments, some of which are strong enough that can cope up and deal with any crisis in
the society and can accommodate themselves. While some of the segments of the society are weak and vulnerable and thus unable
to cope up with the crisis properly. Among these weak segments of the society includes children, women, poor, less or un-educated,
physically and mentally impaired people. In the Swat valley of Pakistan, some crisis emerged after 9/11 in the form of the rise of
Taliban, which shook the whole society. The people, who were strong enough, either migrated from Swat or ensured their safety
within the valley during the crisis. While the weak and vulnerable people, including children, were faced with a number of challenges.
The crisis and challenges pushed these children towards extremism which resulted in making them militants. After the crisis some of
these children were either surrendered or arrested or were turned in by their families. In order to address the social and ideological

Abstract
problems that had driven the children towards extremism, the government formulated a proper setup in the shape of Sabaoon De-
Radicalization and Emancipation Program (DREP) for the improvement of the wellbeing of these children. This paper attempts to
investigate how much Sabaoon was successful in its efforts in improving the wellbeing of these children through its de-radicalization
and rehabilitation model. Sabaoon adopted different theoretical approaches in its de-radicalization program such as identity theory
and community based approach. Identity theory was a key element in Sabaoon and was adopted to reconstruct their identities and
to create a long-term sustainable change within these children. Different factions of the community and experts in different fields
were involved in Sabaoon to enhance the capacity of the community and promote alternative activities to radicalization. This
research attempted to use qualitative method for collecting data including a number of formal and informal open-ended interviews
from the former staff members of Sabaoon to explore various aspects of the program such as various methods and techniques used
at Sabaoon. This study finds that Sabaoon not only de-radicalized and rehabilitated the former militants but also improved their
wellbeing in their educational, social and professional life. It transformed those extremist and violent children into nonviolent,
peaceful, and tolerant individuals. They were trained to get back a sense of responsibility, self-worth, respect and value of life and
were helped in becoming responsible, useful, productive and law-abiding citizens of the society.
Keywords: Wellbeing, Child/Juvenile Militants, Sabaoon, De-Radicalization, Rehabilitation, Swat, Pakistan
 Is Peacekeeper’s Stress Syndrome real? A Cross-Sectional Study of Soldiers ‎at UN Mission

Nazia Mustafa, Fahad Haleem, Hina Iqbal, Najm Us Saqib Khan, Umair Ali, Zakir Hussain
71
1. General Headquarter, Rawalpindi Pakistan, ([email protected])
2. Islmia College, Peshawar Pakistan,
3. Naval Headquarter Islamabad PakistanArmed Forces Institute of Radiology & Imaging/National
University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan
4. Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences, Quetta

To study the Peacekeeping Stress syndrome and see its relationship with various demographic variables (age, years
of service and marital status). Study Design: Cross -Sectional study. Study was carried out on Pakistani
Peacekeepers who were deployed in Democratic Republic of Congo in June 2019. About 536 Pakistani male
peacekeepers with mean age of 33years, deployed in Democratic Republic of Congo were taken as study sample. By
group testing method, all participants were assessed through Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Urdu
version and demographic form consisted of age, marital status, education, years of service and rank. Results
revealed that DASS-21 has good reliability(α=0.71) for the present sample and prevalence of depression, anxiety and

Abstract
stress among Pakistani peacekeepers was low (2.9%, 4% and 4% respectively). Further to it, there was significant
negative correlation of depression and stress with the age and years of service whereas relationship of anxiety with
these variables (age and years of service) was non-significant. There were significant mean differences between the
married and unmarried peacekeepers on Anxiety and Stress and non-significant on depression. Present study
provided useful information regarding the mental health of peacekeepers and highlighted the fact that Pakistani
peacekeepers are resilient enough to handle the challenges of international environment.

Keywords: Peacekeeping stress syndrome, Anxiety, Depression, Stress

 The Socio-Economic Wellbeing of Academics: Prospects of Alternative Homegrown Knowledge Production in International
Relations in Pakistan
Mahnoor Hayat Malik and Dr. Ahmed Waqas Waheed
72
1. Junior Research Associate at The Truth International, Islamabad, Pakistan, email: ([email protected])
2. Assistant professor at the Centre for International Peace and Stability (CIPS), National University of Sciences and
Technology (NUST), Pakistan, email: ([email protected])

The socio-economic conditions that academics face in Pakistan lead to the stiffening of the Western intellectual stranglehold in the field of
social sciences and in particular, the discipline of International Relations in the country. By considering academics as ‘social beings’, this
research pays heed to the environment in which the socialization and professional practices of Pakistani IR academics take place.
Ostensibly, this entails a process that involves research agenda setting, a struggle for social institutional embeddedness in the country,
and a search for a social environment that is conducive to research and critical thinking. Resultantly, the social identity of Pakistani IR
academics is essentially based on their adoption of state-centric visions in conceiving world politics. This explains why most of these
academics are ‘realists’ when it comes to understanding and explaining Pakistan’s realities and/or security predicaments. Certain
economic conditions further compel these intellectuals to fulfill their basic necessities on a priority basis. With this being the case, these
academics become more interested in what ensures them their professional progression. This further denotes the intermingling of the
economic and social aspects where the functioning of the latter appears as a guarantor of the professional end goals that the former
contains. It is within this socio-economic context that the research culture in the discipline of International Relations in Pakistan is defined.

Abstract
Overall, this explains ‘how’ academic creativity is impeded in the national academy of Pakistani International Relations. As a consequence
of all of this, International Relations in Pakistan continues to be an ethnocentric field of study in that it primarily makes use of the
Eurocentric lens in conceiving world politics. This paper explains ‘how’ the Eurocentric worldview continues to dominate the discipline of
International Relations in Pakistan by providing an introspective point of view on the disciplinary limitation by underscoring its link with
the socio-economic wellbeing of IR academics in the country. To unravel the dominating disciplinary arrangement and the underlying
hyper-agency of the West in world politics, this research navigates within the ambit of the notion of ‘Eurocentrism’. Based on the
qualitative semi-structured interviews conducted with doctoral IR academics in Pakistan and their interpretive analysis, it is found that in
securing their socio-economic wellbeing, for Pakistani IR academics, where Eurocentrism in the discipline is ‘externally imposed’ due to the
structural barriers that are actively working at the international level of knowledge production and marginalizing Pakistani contributions
from the field’s center, it is to a great extent also ‘self-imposed’ in the form of the continuing ‘intellectual dependency’ on the existing
nature and state of the discipline. With this being so, the development of alternative homegrown thinking in International Relations,
drawn from Pakistan’s indigenous context, so far, remains a pipe dream.
Keywords: socio-economic wellbeing, socio-economic conditions, Eurocentric, International Relations
 Session Eleven: Family and Interpersonal Relationships (Group A)

Pain, Social Support, Self-Concealment and Quality of Life among Patients of Rheumatoid Arthritis
73
Tayyaba Arshad, Uzma Ilyas

1. MS Scholar, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, ([email protected])

2. Senior Lecturer, University of Central Punjab, Lahore ([email protected])

With prevalent cases of Rheumatoid Arthritis current study tried to explore self-concealment and quality of life. The
study investigates the relationship among Pain, Self-concealment, Social support and Quality of life among patients
of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pakistan has collectivistic culture and patients mostly reported that they received healthy
support from their families, friends and significant members in society. Individual receiving social support assume to
cope better on managing pain. Social supports exist at several levels of society, ranging from immediate relationships
to social networking. RA is an autoimmune disease, in which patients suffers from chronic and excruciating pain.
Pain is considered as a factor that led individuals towards compromised quality of life and how social support
interplays with them. Correlational research design was used for this study and sample of (n=150) was employed

Abstract
from RA diagnosed patients. The scales used in this study were West Haven Multidimensional Pain Inventory Scale,
Self-concealment Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and WHOQOL-BREF scale. Participants
seeking treatment were approached to fill the questionnaires. Result reveals that self-concealment had inverse
relationship with social support and quality of life. The increase in Pain leads towards poor Quality of Life whereas
social support was significantly predicting pain among patients of RA. The current study concluded that high support
received by patients leads to better quality of life. Results of this research laid emphasis on the family members of RA
patients, particularly those who live in joint system. Families should provide psycho-education on RA and how to deal
with them with chronicity of pain.

Keywords: pain, self-concealment, rheumatoid arthritis, family, psychological.

 Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Humor Style in Marital Satisfaction of men and women seeking infertility
treatment

74 Saira Ijaz and Dr. Rabia Farooqi

1. Student, University of Central Punjab, ([email protected])

2. Assistant Professor, University of Central Punjab, ([email protected])

The current study is designed to investigate the role of cognitive emotion regulation and humor style in the marital satisfaction of men
and women seeking infertility treatment. The main objective of this study were to investigate the relationship between cognitive
emotion regulation and marital satisfaction along with the impact humor style have on the relationship between cognitive emotion
regulation and marital satisfaction. Morever, determine the gender differences in cognitive emotion regulation, humor style and marital
satisfaction. This research was conceptualized according to Beck’s (1964) cognitive model, any situational event creates automatic
thoughts which leads to behavioral, emotional, and physiological reactions. In, the current study infertility is a situational event that
affect the regulation of the negative emotions. Suppression of these negative emotions influence the marital satisfcation and humor
work as a coping mechanism moderating the impact of cognitive emotion regulation on the marital satisfaction. A cross-sectional
research design was used and data was collected through snowball and purposive samplying techniques from the OPD’s of Public
Hospitals and Private Clinics. Sample size was determined via G-power. Participants (N= 114; men= 57, women= 57) currently seeking

Abstract infertility treatmentbetween the age range of 25 to 40 (M = 34.3, SD = 3.67) and in wedlock for 3 to 15 years were selected. The
assessment measures were used; Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionaire (CERQ; Garnefski et al., 2001), Humor Style Questionaire
(HSQ; Martin et al., 2003), and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale (ENRICHMSS; Fower & Olson, 1993). Data analysis was done by using
Pearson Correlation, Linear Regression, Hyes Moderation Analysis, and Independent sample t-test on SPSS Statistics 21. Results
indicated that there is a significant relationship between the subscales of cognitive emotion regulation, marital satisfaction, and humor
style of men and women seeking infertility treatment. And cognitive emotion regulation significantly predicts (F (1,112) = 4.1, p = 0.04)
the marital satisfaction of men and women seeking infertility treatment. Results also indicated that humor style significantly moderate
(F (3,110) = 5.2, p = 0.00) the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and marital satisfaction of men and women.
Significant gender difference was observed in cognitive emotion regulation (t (112)= 4.6, p =0.0) and marital satisfaction (t (112) =
-2.2, p = 0.02) of men and women seeking infertility treatment. These findings will help to understand the cognitive emotion regulation
of men and women seeking infertility treatment and its impact on their marital satisfaction. This research also highlights the
importance of humor style as a coping mechanism in order to moderate the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and
marital satisfaction.

Keywords: Cognitive Emotion Regulation, Humor Style, Marital Satisfaction, Infertility, Family and Interpersonal relationships, Global
Health
 Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-being Among Parents of Children with Hearing
Impairment

75 Bisma Gulzar

1. Bahria, IPPA

The aim of the current study was to examine whether perceived social support is a mediating factor in improving
psychological wellbeing in parents of children with hearing impairment. It was hypothesized that there will be
significant relationship between perceived social support and psychological wellbeing in parents with hearing
impaired children. It was also hypothesized that there will be differences in the psychological wellbeing of the
parents of female and male children with hearing impairment. In order to statistically and empirically test the
variables, the Urdu version of 12-item Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (PSS) by Tonsing & Zimet
(2012) and the 54-item Urdu version of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWB), translated by Jibeen & Khalid
(2012), were employed for measuring perceived social support and psychological wellbeing respectively. The
targeted population were parents whose children are hearing impaired and are using a hearing device, either
Cochlear implanted or on Hearing Aids. A sample of 110 were contacted out of which the data was successfully
acquired from a sample of N=70. The Pearson co-relation and sample t-test were utilized to analyze the hypotheses,
while internal consistency of data was analyzed using Cronbach’s alpha using Statistical Package for Social

Abstract
Sciences, version 22 (SPSS V.22). The findings suggested that while the PSS and PWB of parents with hearing-
impaired children were found to be low, there was no significant relationship between the two. While results also
indicated that only slight discrepancy existed in the PWB of parents based on the child’s gender, where parents of
male children had higher PWB in comparison to the parents of female children. The findings highlighted the
importance of family settings, socioeconomic status, male domination within the Pakistani culture that contributes to
one’s perception of social Support and psychological wellbeing. Implications and suggestions for future studies are
also discussed
 Impact of Relational Humor on Perceived Stress, Happiness, and Psychological Well-Being among Married Couples

76 Asma Nisa, Rubina Hanif

1. Ph.D. Scholar, National University of Sciences and Technology ([email protected])

2. Director at National Institute of Psychology, Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University
([email protected])

Humor is a highly appreciated trait in various social settings including; interpersonal, group and cultural settings. In
interpersonal communication, humor is valued as the most appreciated quality people desired in others (Butzer & Kuiper, 2008),
and spouses rate humor and laughter among many other positive things that contribute to the success of marital lives (Lauer,
Lauer, & Kerr, 1990). Humor has serveral types including positive, negative and instrumental humor and these types serves
different functions on the nature of relationships (De Koning & Weiss, 2002). Understanding these types of humor can provide a
deeper picture of the functions of humor in interpersonal relationships. Therefore, the present study is aimed to investigate the
impact of relational humor on perceived stress, happiness, and psychological well-being among married couples. The research
also explored the role of positive humor, negative humor, and instrumental humor in perceived stress, happiness, and
psychological wellbeing among married couples. Additionally, the role of perceived stress is also explored as a mediator

Abstract
between the types of humor and psychological well-being. Lastly, all these objectives are explored separately on males and
females. The present study used a correlational design that consisted of two phases. Phase-I was carried out to test the
psychometric properties of the Relational Humor Inventory (De Koning & Weiss, 2002), Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1983),
Subjective Happiness Scale (Lyubomirsky & Tucker, 1998), and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (Parkinson 2006).
The results reveal that instruments have satisfactory alpha reliabilities. In phase-II, the sample of 102 married couples (102
females; 102 males) was taken from Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The results reveal that well-being and happiness are
significantly positively correlated (p < .01) with types of humor (positive humor, instrumental humor, partner positive humor,
partner instrumental humor, and couple humor) and significantly negatively correlated with (negative humor and partner
negative humor), while perceived stress is significantly negatively correlated with the types humor (positive humor,
instrumental humor, partner positive humor, partner instrumental humor, and couple humor) and significantly positively
correlated with (negative humor and partner negative humor) among the whole sample and also across gender. Perceived
stress also mediated the relationship between types of humor and psychological well-being. Lastly, no gender differences were
found for the use of humor among married couples. This study helps to identify the different functions that humor serves in the
relationship of married couples, from sharing laughter to avoiding difficult issues. Helping them identify the different
consequences of their use of humor could provide them with an awareness and understanding of their communication
patterns. If they can monitor when humor is constructive or destructive, it would aid them in improving their communication
skills.
 Social Stigmatization and Post Abortion Syndrome in Women after Abortion

Asma Yousaf, Maria Rafique, Nimra Mellaha, Maheen Asif

77
1. Assistant Professor & Consultant Clinical Psychologist, Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the
Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, ([email protected])
2. BS Scholar, Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
3. MS Scholar, Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, Corresponding
Author, ([email protected])
4. MS Scholar, Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan,
([email protected] )

The aim of the present study was to examine relationship between social stigmatization and post abortion syndrome
in women after abortion. It was hypothesized that (1) there is likely to be a positive relationship of social
stigmatization (abortion stigma) and post abortion syndrome in women after abortion (2) social stigmatization will
likely to predict post abortion syndrome in women after abortion. The correlational study was conducted and within
group design was used. Convenient sampling strategy was used to recruit the sample. The total sample size of the

Abstract
present study was 107 women (M=28.48 & S.D=2.68). Demographic questionnaire, Individual Level Abortion Stigma
Scale (Cockrill et al., 2013), Symptom Checklist- Revised for Depression and Anxiety (Rahman et al., 2001) and Duke
University Religious Index (Keonig & Bussing, 2010) were administered. Pearson product moment correlation
revealed positive correlations between social stigmatization (stigmatization of isolation, worries about judgment,
community condemnation and self-judgment) with post abortion syndrome (depression and anxiety). Hierarchal
multiple regression showed social stigmatization as strong predictor of post abortion syndrome (anxiety &
depression) in women after abortion. This study on abortion stigma allows the understanding of the problem as
matter of women health, which requires special care and special attention to minimize the physical, emotional and
social complication arising from it and to give rise to community wellbeing.

Keywords: Social Stigmatization, Post Abortion Syndrome, Abortion Stigma, Community wellbeing.
 Session Twelve: Family and Interpersonal Relationships (Group B)

Remembrance of Childhood Parental Rejection and Current Levels of Intimacy in Young Adults: Role of
78 Psychological Mal-Adjustment

Sadia Ahmad and Dr. Asia Mushtaq

1. M-Phil Scholar, Department of Applied Psychology, National University of Modern Languages (NUML),
Islamabad, Pakistan, ([email protected])
2. Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Psychology, National University of Modern Languages
(NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan ([email protected])

This research investigates the relationship of remembrance of perceived parental rejection in childhood and fear of
intimacy mediated by psychological mal-adjustment among young adults. Initially, the cultural appropriateness and
language comprehension of the scale in English was carried out and the Fear of Intimacy Scale (FIS; Descutner &
Thelen, 1991) was translated in Urdu in order to measure fear of intimacy among young adults. The study comprised
of a sample of 409 young adults approached using convenient sampling technique within the age range 19 to 40

Abstract
years (M = 27.15; SD = 5.58) from various cities of Pakistan. The remaining variables were assessed by using
Parental Acceptance Rejection Questionnaire (Father/Mother; PARQ-F/M; Malik & Musaffa in 2012) and Personality
Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ; Munaf, Hussain, & Kamrani, 2012). The results obtained revealed that the proposed
model for the research was validated, as the association of the remembrance of perceived parental rejection
childhood from both father and mother and fear of intimacy were significantly positively related. The interaction of
psychological mal-adjustment with the remembrance of being neglected by caregivers in young age also revealed to
be a significant contributor in the association of this remembrance and fear of intimacy among young adults. The
influence of demographic characteristics such as gender, marital status, and dating relationship too revealed
significant interaction effects on the research variables. This research is of immense significance for parents, health
care workers, and professionals working with young adults in indigenous context.
Keywords: Remembrance of perceived parental rejection; Psychological mal-adjustment; Family and interpersonal
relationships
 The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic To Parent-Child Relationship

Dewi Rochmah Yuniar

79
1. University Science Islam Malaysia ([email protected])

The current pandemic has implications that go far beyond direct impacts on human health. It is causing wider
problems such as the quality of attachment in the family especially parent-child relationship. The main objective of
the case study is to assess the impact of Covid-19 to the parent-child relationship by measuring the level of parent-
child relationship during Covid-19 pandemic and the level of Coronavirus impact on financial scale, resources scale
and psychological scale of the family. The methods of this study is sequential explanatory design. This method
entails gathering and analyzing quantitative data first, then gathering and analyzing qualitative data. The
quantitative data is prioritized, and the findings are incorporated during the study's interpretation phase. An online
survey was sent randomly followed by online interviews with the family to learn more about attachments in the
family to prove the premise that the higher the influence of covid-19 in the family, the lower the level of connection in
the family. Data survey adopted The Coronavirus Questionnaire (Conway, et.al: 2020) and interview guideline
adapted The Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) by Pianta (1992). Then the data analysis descriptive mean
and frequency was performed. During conducting interviews and writing interview reports related to the relationship

Abstract
between children and parents during the pandemic, the authors found several factors that made the relationship
between parents and children positive. The first factor is the age of the child. Out of the three age groups the author
chose, the family group with children under the age of seven experienced significant difficulties in parenting at home
during the pandemic. Secondly, in terms of the relationship between children and parents during the pandemic, all
groups showed a positive relationship. Thirdly, conflict is not always negative; although there is an increase in the
number of conflicts with age, conflict can have a positive impact if constructive conflicts occur. As a conclusion from
observations during interviews with these families, the author knows for sure how tough challenges such as
pandemics can be passed more lightly if all parties in the family are involved together and maintain communication.
Keywords: covid-19 impact, parent-child attachment, parent-child relationship
80
Constructive communication and compatibility in the relationship between dominating husband and
marital happiness of wife: A moderation mediation model

Hifza Imran and Jamil A. Malik

The purpose of the present study was to explore the effect of dominance in relationship of husband on marital
happiness of wife. Further it was aimed to explore the role of constructive communication as a mediator and
compatibility quotient as a moderator between the said relationship. Data were collected from 300 married couples
belonging from different cities of Pakistan. Dominance in relationship scale (Hamby, 1996), Communication Pattern
Questionnaire (Christensen & Sullaway, 1983), Marital happiness scale (Johnson et al., 1986), and Compatibility
Quotient scale (Wilson & Cousins, 2003) were used to assess the study variables. The results of the study showed

Abstract
that dominance in relationship of husband is negatively related with marital happiness of wife suggesting that a
dominating husband could be a reason of unsuccessful marital relationships. Furthermore, results showed that the
indirect association of constructive communication in relationship between dominance of husband and marital
happiness of wife was moderated by compatibility quotient. Conditional indirect effect through constructive
communication was significant at all levels of compatibility quotient yet it decreased with an increase of
compatibility quotient suggesting that constructive communication is a way to deal with lack of compatibility
particularly caused by dominating role of husbands. It is concluded that in a men dominated culture it is though
difficult to challenge the husband attitude yet corrective measures can be taken by providing counseling for
enhancing constructive communication among couples. Further it is concluded that couples with high incompatibility
may benefit more with such type of interventions.

Key words: Dominance in relationship, Constructive communication, Compatibility quotient, marital happiness
81 Gratitude and subjective happiness among parents of individuals with Down syndrome: Role of
demographics

Fatima Rooh-e-Zainab, Shazia Yusuf

1. Professional Psychology Department, Bahria University Islamabad

The present study aimed at exploring the relationship between gratitude and subjective happiness among parents of
individuals with Down syndrome. The sample of the study comprised of 130 parents (65 mothers & 65 fathers).
Gratitude was assessed through The Gratitude Questionnaire-Five Item Version (McCullough et al., 2002) and
happiness was assessed using Subjective Happiness Scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999). The main purpose of the
study was to examine the relationship between gratitude and subjective happiness among parents of individuals
with Down syndrome. It was hypothesized that there will be a significant relationship between the gratitude and

Abstract subjective happiness. In addition to this it was also hypothesized that father and mother of individuals with Down
syndrome would differ on the level of gratitude. The results revealed that there is a significant positive relationship
between gratitude and subjective happiness among parents of individuals with Down syndrome. Regression analysis
revealed that gratitude is significantly predicting the subjective happiness among parents of individuals with Down
syndrome. T-test analysis revealed that the gratitude is significantly high among mothers as compared to fathers of
individuals with Down syndrome. Results further indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between the
monthly income and gratitude among parents of individuals with Down syndrome. Findings of present study helps in
devising a psycho-education program for the parents of individuals with Down syndrome.

Key words: Gratitude, subjective happiness, parents, Down syndrome, demographics

 The Impact of Surah Al Rehman on Mental and Physical Health of Autistic Clients and their Parents

Maimoona Muhammed Boota, Sarah Shaikh, Sana Amir, Dr. Shahnila Tariq
82
1. Department of Applied Psychology, School of Professional Psychology, University of Management and
Technology, Lahore
2. Associate Professor, Department of Applied Psychology, School of Professional Psychology (SPP), University of
Management and Technology, Lahore. Pakistan. ([email protected])

Introduction and Background: Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder is increasing, which is causing problem for the
caregivers. Autism spectrum disorder affects one out of every 59 children (Harris, 2019). The aim of this research was to
explore the impact and effectiveness of Surah Al- Rehman on Mental and Physical Health of clients with Autism and their
Parents. Many therapeutic disciplines in music therapy, including ASD, use developmentally oriented theories. In addition to
being music-based, they also encapsulate the key elements of music therapy. When it comes to the musical and psychological,
Stern explains it in terms of affect attunement and vitality affects (Dimitriadis,2011; Smeijsters, 2003, 2005). Whether Surah Al
Rehman and Qaseedah Burda is effective intervention for children with autism and their parents? Through purposive sampling
technique data from (N=5) autistic clients under 12 years (M=4.80, SD=2.05) was collected from a private special education

Abstract
institute of Lahore. Clients were observed before the supplication and therapy given to them and to their parents, then they
were observed during the supplication and after the supplication by the observers and follow up after 07 days of therapy and
after a month was also recorded as observations as this was a longitudinal study. Significant effects of Surah Al-Rehman and
Qaseedah Burdah Shareef were found as the outcomes. Delay in speech, hyperactivity, impulsive behaviors of clients were
declining after the therapy given to the autistic clients. Second finding was as mothers were feeling change in their behavior as
well as in their depressive moods, they found changes in their children as well. Socialization, affection, decrease in hyperactivity
were also observed after the therapy. Findings have practical implications for other mental and physical illnesses like ADHD,
Depression etc. This intervention was applied only on children with autism; therefore, findings cannot be generalized. Our
research empirically backs up the claim of Mr. Bukhari, 2020. He proposed that ‘‘Every alphabet of the Quran radiates, it
generates light and energy in the heart and intellect, if it is listened to with greater focus."

Keywords: Surah Al-Rehman, Qaseedah Burdah Shareef, Autism, hyperactivity, delay in speech, impulsive behaviors, music
therapy, radiations, Qari Abdul Basit.
83 Parental Verbal Abuse and Its Impact On Psychological Health And Educational Attainment

Saba Iqbal, MS. Fariha Tahir

1. Graduate of Department of Development Studies, NUST

2. Faculty member at department of Development Studies, NUST

Family should be the foundation on which a child should build itself but when the foundation is not strong, the child
will not be strong. Parents are the first friends and guides a child has when they enter into this world, they are
supposed to be the arms that will cover you from the cruelty of the world but when those arms start to abuse you
verbally, then things take a different turn and scenarios can change. Parental verbal abuse is a taboo topic that is
hardly discussed as it is hard for people to believe that parents can be abusive, there have been many studies

Abstract
conducted that prove otherwise. Verbal abuse was not recognized as an actual abuse for a very long time due to
which there is not much awareness regarding it. For this study, 105 interviews were conducted through snowball
sampling from public and private universities and a focus group discussion was conducted with 4 parents. Themes
are extracted from the interviews using thematic analysis which shows that parental abuse does affect the
psychological health and the ability to attain education. The people who have been abused are changed for their
entire lives and don’t live normally, they develop suicidal tendencies, mental health disorders such as depression,
feelings of hate towards society, post-traumatic stress disorder and feelings of hate towards the opposite sex. Many
individuals are bullied by professionals and end up harming themselves or blaming themselves for what has
happened to them in their lives therefore it is necessary to not only recognize that parental abuse exists but it is
crucial to take serious measures regarding it. The government and the non-governmental organizations need to take
this matter seriously or it can be a stern threat to human development.
Keyword: Parental verbal abuse, education, psychological health, individuals and family.
School of Social Sciences & Humanities (S3H)
National Univsersity of Sciences and Technology
H-12 campus Islamabad.
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