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Assignment OF NAZISM

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Snigdha Goel
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48 views

Assignment OF NAZISM

Uploaded by

Snigdha Goel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NAZISM AND RISE OF HITLER

Q1. In which year was the Enabling Act passed? Mention its main
provisions?
Ans. On 3 March 1933, the famous Enabling Act was
passed which established dictatorship in Germany.
Provisions-
• It gave Hitler all powers to sideline Parliament and rule by
decree.
• All political parties and trade unions were banned except for the
Nazi Party and its affiliates.
• The state established complete control over the economy, media,
army and judiciary.
Q2. Enumerate the main features of Nazism.
Ans. According to the Nazi ideology, there was no equality between
people, but only a racial hierarchy.
• The blue-eyed, Nordic German Aryans were at the top, while Jews
were located at the lowest rung.
• The Nazi believed the strongest race would survive and the weak
ones would perish.
• The Aryan race was the finest. It had to retain its purity, become
stronger and dominate the world.
• Once in power, the Nazis quickly began to implement their dream
of creating an exclusive racial community of pure Germans by
physically eliminating all those who were seen as ‘undesirable’.
Q3. How did the Great Depression originate in USA? How did it affect the US economy?
• Ans. Originate:
• German investments and industrial recovery were totally dependent on short-term
loans, largely from the USA.
• This support was withdrawn when the Wall Street Exchange crashed in 1929.
• Fearing a fall in prices, people made frantic efforts to sell their shares. On one single
day, 24 October, 13 million shares were sold.
• This was the start of the Great Economic Depression.
• Effects -
• Over the next three years, between 1929 and 1932, the national income of the USA fell
by half.
• Factories shut down, exports fell, farmers were badly hit and speculators withdrew
their money from the market.
• The effects of this recession in the US economy were felt worldwide.
Q4. Enumerate the impact of Great Economic Depression on the German Economy?
Ans. By 1932, industrial production was reduced to 40 per cent of the 1929 level.
• Workers lost their jobs or were paid reduced wages.
• The number of unemployed touched an unprecedented 6 million.
• As jobs disappeared, the youth took to criminal activities and total despair became
commonplace.
• On the streets of Germany, many people wore placards saying “Willing to do any
work”.
• Many unemployed youth even queued up at the local employment exchange in the
hope of getting some kind of petty jobs.
• The middle classes, especially salaried employees and pensioners, saw their savings
diminish when the currency lost its value.
• Small businessmen, the self-employed and retailers suffered as their businesses got
ruined.
Q5. Give a brief description of schools under Nazism.
Ans. Hitler felt that a strong Nazi society could be established only by
teaching children Nazi ideology.
• ‘Good German’ children were subjected to a process of Nazi schooling, a
prolonged period of ideological training.
• School textbooks were rewritten.
• Children were taught to be loyal and submissive, hate Jews, and worship
Hitler.
• Ten-year-olds had to enter Jungvolk. At 14, all boys had to join the Nazi
youth organisation – Hitler Youth .After a period of rigorous ideological
and physical training they joined the Labour Service, usually at the age of
18.
Q6. State any five measures taken by the Nazis to create a pure German racial
state.
• Nazis wanted to implement their dream to create an exclusive racial
community of pure Germans by physically eliminating all those who were
seen as ‘undesirable’ in the extended empire.
• Nazis wanted only a society of ‘pure and healthy Nordic Aryans’.
• They alone were considered ‘desirable’. Germans who were seen as
impure or abnormal had no right to exist.
• Russians and Poles were considered subhuman, and hence undeserving of
any humanity
• Jews remained the worst sufferers in Nazi Germany as they had been
stereotyped as killers of Christ and usurers.
Q7. Mention any three features of Hitler’s geopolitical concept of
Lebensraum.
Ans. He believed that new territories had to be acquired for
settlement.
❖ This would enhance the area of the mother country, while
enabling the settlers on new lands to retain an intimate link with
the place of their origin.
❖ It would also enhance the material resources and power of the
German nation.
Q8. “The Treaty of Versailles was a harsh and humiliating treaty.” Critically
analyse the statement.
Ans. Germany lost its overseas colonies, a tenth of its population,
• The Allied Powers demilitarized Germany to weaken its power.
• The War Guilt Clause held Germany responsible for the war and damages
the Allied countries suffered.
• Germany was forced to pay compensation amounting to £6 billion.
• The Allied armies also occupied the resource-rich Rhineland for much of
the 1920s.
• Many Germans held the new Weimar Republic responsible for not only the
defeat in the war but the disgrace at Versailles.

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