0 Statistics

1. Let x1 , x2 , …, x2 be n observations such that ∑ xi2 = 400  1 

(a) 18 1 +  (b) 34
and ∑ xi = 80 . Then a possible value of n among the  3
following is
(a) 9 (b) 12  8 
(c) 2  9 +  (d) 25
(c) 15 (d) 18  7
2. If the mean of the numbers 27 + x, 31 + x, 89 + x, 107 + x,
7. Let S be the set of all values of a1 for which the mean deviation
156 + x is 82, then the mean of 130 + x, 126 + x, 68 + x, 50
about the mean of 100 consecutive positive integers a1, a2, a3,
+ x, 1 + x is
…, a100 is 25. Then S is
(a) 75 (b) 157
(a) φ (b) {99}
(c) 82 (d) 80
(c) N (d) {9}
3. L e t x1 , x2 , …, x100 a r e 1 0 0 o b s e r v a t i o n s u c h t h a t
8. x1 , x 2 , …, x10 are ten observations such that Σxi =
50
and Σxi x=
j 1100∀i ≠ j , then standard deviation of x1 ,
=∑ xi 0,=
∑ xi x j 80000 and mean deviation from
1≤i < j ≤100 x 2 , …, x10 is equal to
their mean is 5, then their standard deviation, is- (a) 5 (b) 10
(a) 10 (b) 30
(c) 5 (d) 10
(c) 40 (d) 50
4. If the mean deviation about the median of the numbers k, 3
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE CORRECT QUESTIONS
k, 7 k, 9 k, 11 k, 13 k is 11 then k is equal to (k > 0)
9. Let it be a known “fact” that “the fraction of any data set
5 22 lying within k standard deviations of the mean is at least
(a) (b)
3 7
(c) 3 (d) 6
1
5. Let the mean and standard deviation of marks of class A of 1− , where k is a number greater than 1 “. Now if it is
k2
100 students be respectively 40 and α (> 0), and the mean
and standard deviation of marks of class B of n students given that the mean height of adult females is 66 inches and
be respectively 55 and 30 – α. If the mean and variance of the standard deviation is 2.5 inches. Which of the following
the marks of the combined class of 100 + n students are statements are correct (as per the given fact)?
respectively 50 and 350, then the sum of variances of classes (a) 68% females have height between 63.5 inches and 68.5
A and B is: inches
(a) 500 (b) 650 (b) Atleast 25% females have height between 61.0 inches
(c) 450 (d) 900 and 71.0 inches
(c) Atmost 6.25% females have height between 56 inches
6. Let 9= x1 < x2 < … < x7 , be in an A.P. with common
and 76 inches
difference d . If the standard deviation of x1 , x2 , …, x7 , is 4 (d) All the above
and the mean is x , then x + x6 is equal to:
10. Consider two data sets A: x, 3,5,11,15, and B: y, 9,11. Let µ1

and µ 2 are the means of the A and B respectively and σ12

Statistics 1
 is 16 and the standard deviation is 2.5 years. Which of the
and σ22 are the variances of A and B respectively. If σ2 following statements are correct?
denote the mean and variance of the combined pool of A (a) Data about education is more variable.
and B i.e., the data set: x, 3,5,11,15, y, 9,11 and the relation (b) Data about salaries is more consistent.
(c) Data about Education is more consistent.
5σ2 + 3σ22
σ2 = 1 holds true then which of the following (d) Both the data sets are equally consistent.
8
statement(s) is/are correct 14. Consider two data set A : 2,5,8,11,14 , and B : 2,8,14 . Let
(a) The number of possible ordered pairs (x, y), where x and µ1 and µ 2 are the means of the A and B respectively and
y are natural numbers, is finite.
σ12 and σ22 are the variances of A and B respectively. If
(b) The possible natural values of x will form an arithmetic
progression with common difference 5. µ and σ2 denote the mean and variance of the combined
(c) The possible natural values of y will form an arithmetic pool of A and B i.e., the data set: 2,5,8,11,14, 2,8,14 then
progression with common difference 3. which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
(d) Smallest possible natural values of x and y are
respectively 1 and 2 (a) µ1 =µ 2 (b) σ12 =σ22

11. Let M1 denotes the median of data set A: 5, 19, 42, 11, 50, 30,
21, 0, 52, 36, 27. and M2 denotes the median of the distribution 5σ2 + 3σ22 σ2 + σ22
(c) σ2 = 1 (d) σ2 = 1
8 2
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 15. All the students of a class performed poorly in Mathematics.
The teacher decided to give grace marks of 10 to each of the
f 8 10 11 16 20 25 15 9 6
students. Which of the following statistical measures will
Which of the following statements are correct? change after the grace marks were given?
(a) M1 > M2 (a) Mean (b) Median
(b) M1. M2 = 135 (c) Mode (d) Variance
(c) Both M1 and M2 are less than 20. 16. In a set of 2 n observations, half of them are equal to ‘a’ and the
(d) Both M1 and M2 are divisors of 540. remaining half are equal to ‘ −a ‘. If the standard deviation
12. The ages (in years) and incomes (in Rupees) of the 10 of all the observations in 2 ; then the value of a can be
employees at XYZ Pvt. Ltd. are given in following table (a) 2 (b) 2
Age Income (c) –2 (d) 2 2
25 23500 17. The mean of the numbers a, b, 8, 5, 10 is 6 and the variance
30 25000 is 6.80. Then which one of the following is correct?
40 30000 (a) a = 3, b = 4 (b) a = 4, b = 3
53 47500 (c) a = 3, b = 3 (d) a = 4, b = 4
29 32000 18. A scientist is weighing each of 30 fishes. Their mean weight
worked out is 30 gm and a standarion deviation of 2 gm.
45 37500
Later, it was found that the measuring scale was misaligned
40 32000 and always under reported every fish weight by 2 gm. The
55 50500 correct values are:
35 40000 (a) x = 32 (b) x = 28
47 43750 (c) σ = 2 (d) σ = 4
Assuming that all employees remain with the company for 19. Let X and M.D. be the mean and the mean deviation
next 5 years and that each income is multiplied by 1.5 over
about X of n observations xi , i = 1, 2, ..., n. If each of the
that period, which of the following statements is/are correct?
observations is increased by 5, then the new mean and the
(a) Current standard deviation of ages is 10.21 yrs. mean deviation about the new mean, respectively, are:
(b) Standard Deviation of salaries 5 years later will be Rs.
13836.15 (a) X (b) X + 5
(c) Standard deviation of ages after 5 years will be 10.21 (c) M.D (d) M.D. + 5
years. 20. If the standard deviation of the numbers 2, 3, a and 11 is 3.5,
(d) Standard Deviation of salaries now is Rs. 13836.15 then which of the following is true?
13. The mean yearly salary of all the employees at ABC Pvt. (a) 3a2 – 34a + 91 = 0
Ltd is Rs. 42,500 and the standard deviation is Rs. 4,000. (b) Product of all value of a is 28
The mean number of years of education for the employees (c) a can be prime number

2 Math
 (d) 3a2 – 32a + 84 = 0 (a) 10 (b) 20
21. Standard deviation of a data set is 7, when each observation (c) 30 (d) 40
is decreased by 7 then standard deviation of new data is 32. The value of [σ] is
22. A sample of 20 observations has mean of 50 and variance (a) 13 (b) 14
of 1, while a sample of 40 observations has mean of 50 and (c) 15 (d) 16
standard deviation 2. The 2 samples are combined to give
complete set of 60 observations with variance σ2, then 3 σ2
is equal to Passage–II

Let ni , µi , and σi2 denote the number of data points, mean

11
∑ ( x j − a)
2
23. For a given data set x1 , x2 , x3 , …, xn the value of and variance of i th dataset and σij2 denotes the variance of the
j =1
N dataset obtained by pooling together the data of i th and j th
is minimum if and only if a = KX then value of K is equal dataset. Consider the following information about three datasets

to (Given x1 < x2 < x3 , … < xn and X is mean of all these for i = 1, 2,3 .
observations)
n1 = 5, µ1 = 8 , and σ12 =18
24. If the standard deviation of first 10 positive integral multiples
of 3 is equal to k then find [k], where [.] is G.I.F. n2 = 3, µ 2 = 8 , and σ22 =24
25. The mean and standard deviations of 100 observation were
n3 = 3, µ3 = 16 , and σ32 =24
calculated as 40 and 5.1 respectively by a student who took
by mistake 50 instead of 40 for one observation. If the sum of Now answer the following questions. ([.] denotes the greatest
correct mean and standard deviation is k then find [k], where integer function)
[.] is G.I.F. Choose the correct answer:
26. If coefficient of variation of a distribution is 60% and its
2 
standard deviation is 18, then its arithmetic mean is 33. σ12 is equal to
 
27. The variance of x1, x2, x3, …, x100 is 13.75 if the variance of (a) 11 (b) 20
5x1, 5x2, 5x3, …, 5x100 is equal to k then find [k], where [.] is (c) 33 (d) 44
G.I.F.
28. The mean and variance of seven observations are 8 and 16 2 
34. σ13 is equal to
respectively, if five of these are 2, 4, 10, 12,14 and other two  
(a) 11 (b) 22
a −a (c) 35 (d) 44
are a1, a2 such that a1 < a2 then a2 2 1 is equal to
29. If the mean and standard deviations of 10 observation x1, Passage–III
x2, x3……..x10 are 2 and 3 respectively, then the mean of (x1
+1)2, (x2 + 1)2,………..(x10 + 1)2 is equal to Let x , M and be respectively the mean, mode and variance
of n observation x1 , x2 , …, xn and di =− xi − a,i =1, 2, …, n ,
30. L=
e t X {11,12,13, …, 40, 41} =
a n d Y {61, 62, 63, … ,
where a is any number.
90,91} be the two sets of observations. If x and y are
35. Variance of d1 , d 2 , …, d n is
their respective means and σ2 is the variance of all the

observations in X ∪ Y , then x + y − σ2 is equal to σ2

(a) σ2 (b)
2
(c) 2σ2 (d) 4σ2
COMPREHENSION TYPE
36. Mean and mode of d1 , d 2 , …, d n are respectively.
Passage–I
(a) x , M (b) − x , − M
For a group of 200 candidates the mean and standard deviation in
(c) − x − a, − M − a (d) x + a, M + a
the data of their scores were found to be 40 and 15 respectively.
Later on, it was found that the score 43 was misread as 34. If µ and
MATRIX MATCH
σ denote the correct mean and standard deviation respectively then
([.] denotes the greatest integer function) 37. Consider the following data about 100 students of XYZ
Choose the correct answer: college
31. The value of [µ] is

Statistics 3
 Height 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 C Which not dependetn on change R Mode
(inch) of origin?
Frequency 5 18 42 27 8 D The value of range of data is S S.D.
Assuming the mid-point of a class interval as class mark always greater than or euqal to
match the entries in column-I to the entries in the column-II (a) A → r; B → p; C → s; D → r, q
([.] denotes the greatest integer function) (b) A → q, r; B → p, q, r, s; C → s; D → s
Column-I Column-II (c) A → s; B → p, q; C → p, r; D → p, s, q
A If mean of the data is m then p. 2 (d) A → q; B → p; C → s; D → r
[m] is equal to
Paragraph Based
B If mean deviation of the data q. 4
is MD then [MD] is equal to Paragraph for question numbers 1 to 3
C If standard deviation of data r. 3
is σ then [σ] is equal to 10 10
D If coefficient of variation is s. 67 Given values x1, x2…,x10 such that ∑ xi = 120, ∑ xi2 = 1530 then
CV then [CV] is equal to 40. A.M. of x1, x2,…x10 is i =1 i =1

t. 65 (a) 12 (b) 10
(a) A → s; B → p; C → p; D → q (c) 11 (d) 13
(b) A → s; B → p; C → r; D → q 41. Variance of x1, x2,...x10 is
(c) A → p; B → q; C → r; D → s (a) 2 (b) 3
(d) A → p; B → q; C → r; D → t (c) 9 (d) 16
38. Let Ri , Mi , σi and Ci denote the range, mean deviation, 42. Coefficient of variation is
standard deviation and coefficient of variation for dataset Si (a) 36% (b) 41%
for i = 1, 2. Consider following datasets.
(c) 25% (d) None of these

S1: 12, 6, 7, 3, 15, 10, 18, 5 and S2: 9, 3, 8, 8, 9, 8, 9, 18 ([.] Paragraph for question numbers 4 to 6
denotes the greatest integer function) Match the entries in
Column-I to entries in Column-II To analyze data using mean, median and mode, we need to use
the most appropriate measure of central tendency. The mean is
Column-I Column-II useful for predicting future results when there are no extreme
A p. 6 values in the data set. The median may be more useful than the
R1 + R2 mean when there are extreme values in the data set as it is not
Value of is equal to
2 affected by the extreme values. The median is most commonly
quoted figure used to measure property prices as mean property
B Value of [M1 + M2] is equal to q. 7
price is affected by a few expensive properties that arenot
C Value of [σ1] + [σ2] is equal to r. 8 representative of the general property market. The mode is useful
D Value of [C1 – C2] is equal to s. 15 when the most common item or characteristic of a data set is
required. The mode has applications in printing. It is important
t. 12
to print more of the most popular books.
(a) A → s; B → p; C → p; D → r
43. For the data shown, the value of appropriate measure of
(b) A → s; B → p; C → r; D → q
central tendency is
(c) A → p; B → q; C → r; D → s
Staff 1 2 4 5 6 2
(d) A → t; B → p; C → q; D → s
Salary 15000 10000 7000 12000 90000 95000
39. Follosing question contains stements given in two column,
which have to be matched. The satemetns in Column-I are (In rupees)
labelled as A, B, C and D while the statements in Column-II (a) 95000 (b) 18350
are labelled as p, q, r and s. Any given statemtn in Column-I (c) 90000 (d) 12000
can have correct matching with one or more statement(s) in
Column-II. 44. For a normally distributed sample as shown, then most
appropriate representative of data is
Column-I Column-II
A Better measure of central ten- P Mean
dency from data 1, 7, 8, 9, 98 is
B Which is not independent of Q Median
change of scale?

4 Math
 130 + x + 126 + x + 68 + x + 50 + x + 1 + x
x=
5

375 + 5 x 375 + 0 375

=x = = = 75
5 5 5

3. (b)

=x
∑
=
xi
0
(a) Mena (b) Mode 100
(c) Median (d) Any one of mean or median
∑ xi − x
5 ⇒ ∑ xi x j =
= (500) 2
45. Based upon collection of data of numbers of days it snows, 100 1≤i < j ≤100
rains or it is sunny in a month for three month December,
January and February of last year, the weather forecast points ∑ (500) 2 − 2∑ xi x j
xi2
that snow is likely to be in January. Which measure is used ⇒ = =2500 − 1600
100 100
for this forecast?
2
(a) Mean (b) Mode
S.D.
=
∑ ( xi −=
x)
900 30
=
(c) Median (d) Range 100
4 .(c)

Answer Key 7 k + 9k
Median
= = 8k
2
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (b,c) 10. (b,c) Mean deviation about median = 11
11. (a,b,d) 12. (a,b,c) 13. (a,b) 14. (a,c) 15. (a,b,c) 16. (a,c)
∑ xi − 8k = 11
17. (a,b) 18. (a,c) 19. (b,c) 20. (b,d) 21. [7] 22. [9] 23. [1] 24. [8] 6
25. [44] 26. [30] 27. [343] 28.[64] 29. [18] 30. [603] 31. (d) 7k + 5k + k + k + 3k + 5k = 66
⇒ 22k = 66
32. (b) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (a) 39. (b) ⇒k=3
40. (a) 41. (c) 42. (c) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (b) 5. (a)
A B A+B
EXPLANATION
=x1 40
= x 2 55 =x 50
1. (d)
σ1 =α σ2 =30 − α σ2 =350
Since, root mean square ≥ arithmetic mean
=n1 100
= n2 n 100 + n
n 2 n 100 × 40 + 55n
xi
=i 1 =
∴
∑ x
i 1 i
≥
∑ =
400 80
≥ ⇒ n ≥ 16
x=
100 + n
n n n n 5000 + 50 n = 4000 + 55 n
Hence, possible value of n = 18 . 1000 = 5 n
2. (a)
n = 200
( 27 + x ) + ( 31 + x ) + (89 + x ) ∑ xi2 − 402
σ12
=
+ (107 + x ) + (156 + x ) 100
Given, 82 =
5
⇒ 82 × 5= 410 + 5 x ⇒ 410 − 410= 5 x
σ22
=
∑ x 2j − 552
⇒x=0 100

∴ Required mean is
350 =σ2 =
∑ xi2 + ∑ x 2j − ( x )2
300

Statistics 5
 350
(1600 + α2 ) ×100 + (30 − α)2 + 3025 × 200 − (50)2 8. (c)
300
2850 × 3 = α2 + 2(30 – α)2 + 1600 + 6050 2 Óxi2
( ∑ xi ) − 2Óxi x j =
Óxi2 = 300; 30
=
8550 = α2 + 2(30 – α)2 + 7650 10
2
α2 + 2(30 – α)2 = 900 ∑ xi2  ∑ xi 
=
σ − ;σ
= 30 − 25
= 5
α2 – 40 α + 300 = 0 10  10 

α = 10, 30 One or More than One Correct Questions

σ12 + σ=
2 2 2 9. (b, c)
2 10 + 20= 500
63.5 to 68.5 is a one standard deviation interval about
6. (b) the mean hence percentage of females having heights in
9 = x1 < x2 < … < x7 this range is 68. 61.0 to 71.0 is a two standard deviation
9, 9 + d, 9 + 2d, …., 9 + 6d interval about the mean hence percentage of females
having heights in this range is 95. 58.5 to 73.5 is a
0, d, 2d, …, 6d
three standard deviation interval about the mean hence
percentage of females having heights in this range is 99.7.
21d
xnew
= = 3d 10. (b, c)
7

16
=
7
(
1 2 2
)
0 + 1 +……+ 62 d 2 − 9d 2 N σ2 + N 2 σ22
Formula σ2 = 1 1 hold true for two data sets
N1 + N 2
1  6 × 713  2 2 having N1 and N 2 number of elements and variances σ12
=   d − 9d
7  26 
16 = 4d and σ22 if there means are equal.
d2 = 4 Hence x and y have to satisfy 5=
y 3x + 2
d=2
11. (a, b, d)
x + x6 = 6 + 9 + 10 + 9 Let us arrange the value of ascending order $0,5,11,19,21
7. (c) ,27,30,36,42,50,52$

let a1 be any natural number th th

 n +1  11 + 1 
∴ Mediam = M = 1   value =  
a1 , a1 + 1, a1 + 2, …, a1 + 99 are values of ai' S  2   2 
value = 6 th value
a1 + ( a1 + 1) + ( a1 + 2 ) +…. + a1 + 99
x= Now 6 th value in data is 27 .
100
∴ M1 = 27
100a1 + (1 + 2 +…+ 99 ) 99 × 100
= = a1 + For given distribution
100 2 × 100 x f c.f.
99 1 8 8
= a1 +
2 2 10 18
100 3 11 29
∑ xi − x
Mean deviation about mean = i =1 4 16 45
100
5 20 65
 99 97 95 1 7 25 90
2  + + +…+ 
2 2 2 2 8 15 105
= 
100 9 9 114
1 + 3 +…+ 99 N
= N = 120 = ∑ fi ∴ = 60
100 2
50
[1 + 99] N
= =2 25 We find that c. f. just greater than is 65 and the value
100 2
6 Math
 of x corresponding to 65 is 5 .
2
∴ Median ==
M2 5 σ12 =
∑ ( xi − x )
12. (a,b,c) N
The current standard divisions are 10.21 years and Now, each is increased by 10
Rs.9,224.10. Five years from now, the standard deviations
will equal 10.21 years and Rs.13,836.15. In general, adding
∴σ22 =
∑ ( xi + 10 ) − ( x + 10)2 = σ2
the same constant s each observation does not affect the N
1
standard deviation of the data set and multiplying each So, the variance will not change whereas mean, median
observation by the same constant multiples the standard
deviation by the constant. and mode will increase by 10 .
13. (a, b) 16. (a, c)
The coefficient of variation for salaries is Clearly mean A = 0

4000
CV=
42500
× 100= 9.4% And the coefficient of variation
Now, standard deviation σ =
∑ ( x − A)2
2n
2.5
for years of education is CV = × 100 = 15.6% Years of
16 (a − 0) 2 + (a − 0) 2 +…+ (0 − a ) 2 +……
2=
education has a higher relative variation. 2n

a 2 ⋅ 2n
1 = = a
14. (a, c) Mean of first set = (2 + 5 + 8 + 11 + 14) =8 =µ1 2n
5
Hence, a = 2
1
Mean of second set = (2 + 8 + 14) =8 =µ 2 17. (a, b)
3
Variance of first set
Mean a, b,8,5,10 is 6

2 2 2
1 (2 − 8) + (5 − 8) + (8 − 8)  a + b + 8 + 5 + 10
=σ12 =   =18 ⇒ =6
5  +(11 − 8) 2 + (14 − 8) 2  5

Variance of second set ⇒a+b=6

(a − 6) 2 + (b − 6) 2 + (8 − 6) 2
1 2
=σ22 = (2 − 8) 2 + (8 − 8) 2 + (14 − 8) 2  =24
3 
+(5 − 6) 2 + (10 − 6) 2
The mean of the combined sets ⇒ = 6.80
5
⇒ a 2 − 12a + 36 + (1 − a ) 2 + 21 =
34
2 + 5 + 8 + 11 + 14 + 2 + 8 + 14
= = 8= µ
5+3 ⇒ 2a 2 − 14a + 24 =0 ⇒ a 2 − 7 a + 12 =0
a 3 or 4 ⇒=
⇒= b 4 or 3
The varies of the combined set is
∴ The possible value of a and b are a = 3 and b = 4
(2 − 8) 2 + (5 − 8) 2 + (8 − 8) 2 + (11 − 8) 2 + or, a = 4 and b = 3 .

(14 − 8) 2 + (2 − 8) 2 + (8 − 8) 2 + (14 − 8) 2 18. (a,c)

σ2 = We know that if each observation is increase by 2 then
5+3
mean is increase by 2 but S.D. remains same. Correct
5σ12 + σS22 mean = observed mean + 2 = 30 + 2 = 32 Correct S. D. =
= 20.25
=
8 observed S.D. = 2
N σ2 + N 2 σ22 19. (b, c)
or directly by formula σ2 = 1 1 holt true for
N1 + N 2
Let xi be n observations,=i 1, 2, …, n
two data sets having N1 and N 2 number of elements and Let X be the mean and M.D be the mean deviation about
variances σ12 and σ22 if there means are equal. X.
15. (a, b, c) If each observation is increased by 5 then new mean will
If initially, marks of students were x i, then be X + 5 and new M.D. about new mean will be M.D.

Statistics 7
  n
xi 
∴ Correct ∑ x=i 3990, and ∑ xi2= 161701
 Mean = ∑ 
 i =1 n  ∴ Correct mean =
3990
39.9
=
100
20. (b,d) and correct S.D.
161701
2 + 3 + a + 11 a = − (39.9) 2 =25 =
5
x= = +4 100
4 4
∴ Sum of S.D. and mean = 44.9.
x2
=σ ∑ ni − ( x )2 27. [343]
2
Variance is multiplied by 52.
4 + 9 + a 2 + 121  a  ∴ Variance = 13.75 × 25 = 343.75
⇒ 3.5
= −  + 4
4 4  28. [64]

⇒ =
(
2 2
49 4 134 + a − a + 256 + 32a ) ( ) The number a1 = 6 and a2 = 8
4 16
⇒ 3a 2 − 32a + 84 =
0 ∴ a2 2
a − a1
82 =
= 64
Integer / Numerical Type
29. [18]
21. [7] x1 + x2 + x3 + ……..+ x10 = 20
Deviation does not change by changing each of the
10
datapoint by same quantity. 2
∑ ( xi − x )
22. [9] σ= 3⇒ i =1
= 9
Since mean of both samples is the same 10

∑ ( xi2 − 4 xi + 4 ) =
90
n1σ12 + n2 σ22
σ2 =
n1 + n2 ∑ xi2 − 4∑ xi + 4∑1 =
90

20 × 1 + 40 × 22
=σ2 = 3 10

23. [1]
60 ∑ xi2 − 4 × 20 + 4 ×10 =90
i =1
Mean deviation is minimum about median. 10
24. [8] ∑ xi2 = 90 + 80 − 40
i =1

∑ xi2 − ( x )2 ( x1 + 1)2 + ( x2 + 1)2 +……+ ( x0 + 1)2

Variance =σ 2
= Now µ =
n 10

=
32 + 62 +…+ 302
− (16.5) 2 =
∑ xi2 + 2∑ x1 + 10
10 10
= 74.25
∴ standard deviation = 8.62 130 + 40 + 40 180
= = = 18
10 10
25. [44]
30. [603]
∑ xi ⇒
 Mean =40 =
100
∑ xi =4000
41
∑i 11 + 41
i =11
dx
= = = 26 (31 elements)
31 2
and S .D. = 5 ⇒ σ2 = (5.1) 2
91

∴
∑ xi2 − 402 =
26.01 ∑ j
100 j = 61 61 + 91
=y = = 76 (31 elements)
31 2
∴ ∑ xi2 =
16260

8 Math
 – (sum of squares of incorrect values) + (sum of squares
31× 26 + 31× 76 of correct values)
Combined mean, µ = =
31 + 31 = 365000 −(34)2 + (43)2 = 365693
So, corrected
26 + 76
= = 51 2
2 1 1 
1  31 2
31
2
=σ
n
∑ xi2 −  ∑ xi2 
n 
2
σ= ×  ∑ ( xi − µ ) + ∑ ( yi − µ ) =
 705

62  i 1 =i 1
=  365693  8009 
2

Since, x i ∈ X are in A.P. with 31 elements and common = − 

200  200 
difference 1, same is yi ∈ y , when written in increasing
order. = 1828.465 − 1603.602 = 14.995

31 31
2 2
∴ ∑ ( xi −=
µ) ∑ ( yi − µ ) 33. (b)
=i 1 =i 1

= 102 + 112 +…. + 402

34. (c)
2 n σ2 + n2 σ22
40 × 41× 81 9 × 10 × 19 The formula σ12 =1 1 hold true for two data
= − = 21855 n1 + n2
6 6
sets having n1 and n2 number of elements and variance
∴ x + y − σ2= 26 + 76 − 705= 603
σ12 and σ22 if there means are equal.
2
Comprehension Type That gives us σ12 22.25
=
The formula
31. (d)
2 2
32. (b) n1 σ12 + ( µ1 − µ )  + n2 σ22 + ( µ 2 − µ ) 
2
σ12 =    
We have n = 200, x = 40, σ = 15. n1 + n2

1 n1µ1 + n2µ 2
∴X =
N
∑ xi ⇒ ∑ xi = nX = 200 × 40 = 8000 Where µ =
n1 + n2
holds true in general.

corrected
= ∑ xi incorrect ∑ xi − 2
That gives us σ13 = 33.5
(sum of incorrect values) + (sum of correct values)
= 8000 – 34 + 43 = 8009
35. (a)
corrected ∑ xi 36. (c)
∴ Corrected mean =
n
x1 + x2 + x3 +…+ xn
8009 x=
= = 40.045 n
200
Now, σ= 15 ⇒ 152 1 n 2
σ2
= ∑ ( xi − x )
n i =1
2
Mean of d1, d2, d3, …, dn
=
1
200
( )  1 
∑ xi2 −  200 ∑ xi 
d1 + d 2 + d3 +…+ d n
2 =
⇒
= 225
1
200
(∑ )
xi2
 8000 
−
 200 

n
( − x1 − a ) + ( − x2 − a ) + ( − x3 − a ) +…+ ( − xn − a )
=
⇒
= 225
1
200
( ∑ ) − 1600
xi2 n

⇒ ∑ xi2 =200 × 1825 =365000  x + x + x +…+ xn  na

=−  1 2 3  − n =− x − a
 n 
⇒ Incorrect ∑ xi2 =
365000 Since, di = − xi − a and we multiply or subtract each
observation by any number the number the mode remains
Corrected ∑ xi2 = ( incorrect ∑ xi2 ) the same.
Statistics 9
 Hence, mode of − xi − a i.e. di and xi are same. Σ f (x
N=
– X) =
Now variance of d1 , d 2 , …, d n
Σf=
850.7500
100
1 n 2 1
= ∑ [ di − (− x −=
a)]
n i =1 n
Hence σ =
∑ f ( x − X )2
n
2
N
∑ [ − xi − a + x + a ] 852.7500
i =1 = = 8.5275 2.92 in
=
100
1 n 2 1 n 2
= ∑ ( − xi + x ) = ∑ ( x − xi ) =σ2 σ
Now, CV =× 100, x ≠ 0
n
=i 1 =i 1 n X
2.92
Matrix Match CV= × 100= 4.33
67.45
37. A(s), B(p), C(p), D(q)
X = 67.45 inch The calculation of median can be done as 38. A(s), B(p), C(q), D(r)
shown In both cases, range = largest number − smallest number
= 18 – 3=15.
Calculations for Mean deviations
Class
Height |x – X| = Freqency f |x – X| For S1 :
(inch) Mark |x – 67.45| (f  ) The arithmetic mean is
(x)
12 + 6 + 7 + 3 + 15 + 10 + 18 + 5 76
X
= = = 9.5
61 6.45 5 32.25 8 8
60 − 62
The mean deviation is
64 3.45 18 62.10
63 − 65
MD =
∑ |X − x | |
67 0.45 42 18.90 N
66 − 68
12 − 9.5 | + | 6 − 9.5 | + | 7 − 9.5 | + | 3 − 9.5 | + | 15 − 9.5 |
70 2.55 27 68.85 + | 10 − 9.5 | + | 18 − 9.5 | + | 5 − 9.5 |
69 − 71 =
8
73 5.55 8 44.40
72 − 74 2.5 + 3.5 + 2.5 + 6.5 + 5.5 + 0.5 + 8.5 + 4.5
=
N=Σf= 8
Σf | x – X|
100 = 226.50 34
= = 4.25
= M1
8
For S2:

Hence=
MD
∑ f | x=
−X | 226.5
= 2.26 inch 9 + 3 + 8 + 8 + 9 + 8 + 9 + 18 72
N 100 X
= = = 9
8 8
Standard deviation can be calculated as shown below
Height Class |x – X|= Fre- MD =
∑ |X − X |
(inch) Mark |x – (x – X)2 quency N
f(x – X)2
(X) 67.45| (f) | 9 − 9 | + | 8 − 9 | + | 9 − 9 | + | 18 − 9 || 9 − 9 | + | 3 − 9 | + | 8 − 9 | + | 8 − 9 | +
=
8
60 − 62 61 –6.45 41.6025 5 208.0125
0 + 6 +1+1+ 0 +1+ 0 + 9
63 − 65 64 –3.45 11.9025 18 214.2450 = = 2.25 = M2
8
66 − 68 67 –0.45 0.2025 42 8.5050 Calculations for standard deviations
69 − 71 70 2.55 6.5025 27 175.5675

72 − 74 73 5.55 30.8025 8 246.4200 For S1 : σ1 =

∑ ( X − X )2
N

10 Math
 As data has outliners at 90,000 and 95,000 we should use
median in place of mode
(12 − 9.5) 2 + (6 − 9.5) 2 + (7 − 9.5) 2
+ (3 − 9.5) 2 + (15 − 9.5) 2 10 th Value+11th value
&Median= =12000
+ (10 − 9.5) 2 + (18 − 9.5) 2 2
+ (5 − 9.5) 2 For a normally distributed data, we many use either mean
=
8 or median. However, mean is preferred as it include all the
values in the data set for its calculation and any change in
any of the scores will affect the value of the mean which
= 23.75 4.87.ForS2 :
= is not the case with median or mode.

σ2 =
∑ ( X − X )2
N

(9 − 9) 2 + (3 − 9) 2 + (8 − 9) 2 + (8 − 9) 2 +
(9 − 9) 2 + (8 − 9) 2 + (9 − 9) 2 + (18 − 9) 2
=
8
= =15 3.87
Now coefficients of variation
σ
CV =× 100, x ≠ 0
x

4.87
C1 = × 100 = 51.26 and
9.5
3.87
C2 = × 100 = 43
9

39. (b)
(a) Due to low value 1, mean is not preferred
(b) 
Mean, Median, Mode and S.D. are dependent on
change of scale.
(c) S.D. is independent of change of origin.
(d) Range is always greater than or equal to S.D.
40. (a)
41. (c)
42. (c)
Sol. (40-42)
Σxi2
=σ − ( x )2
N
1530
=σ 144 3
−=
10
σ
cv = × 100 =25%
x

43. (d)
44. (a)
45. (b)
Sol. (43-45)

Statistics 11