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Lettering & Numbering

Lettering & Numbering civil drawing

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sujonon9
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120 views

Lettering & Numbering

Lettering & Numbering civil drawing

Uploaded by

sujonon9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING (CE-100)

Md. Ehsanul Saad


Lecturer
Department of Civil Engineering
Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology
Chattogram-4349, Bangladesh
Email: [email protected]
Course Contents
• Introduction: Handling instruments and their uses, Lettering and numbering and
heading
• Plane Geometry: Pentagon, Hexagon, Octagon, Ellipse, Parabola, and Hyperbola
• Projection (Solid Geometry): Cube, Triangle, Prism, Pentagonal Prism, Hexagonal
Prism, Cone, Cylinder
• Development of different types of section: Cube, Triangle, Prism, Pentagonal Prism,
Hexagonal Prism, Cone, Cylinder
• Isometric Drawing: Cube, Triangle, Prism, Pentagonal Prism, Hexagonal Prism,
Cone, Cylinder, Interpretation of Solids
• Laws and regulations by different authorities like CDA, RAJUK, RAAUK, KDA etc.
• Architectural requirements, records, architectural approaches of drawings
• BNBC requirements (Part-3, Chap-1)
• Preliminary planning of one-unit housing
• Plan, elevations and sections of multistoried buildings
• Drawing of different types of stairs
• Reinforcement details of beams, slabs, stair etc.
• Plan and section of septic tanks
• Preliminary studies about planning of multistoried apartments
• Sky scrapers, auditorium, educational institutions, hospital etc.
• Building service drawings
• Auto-CAD drawing and design
Size of Drawing Sheet
Layout of Drawing Sheet

20 Page Border 10

10

Unit: mm

10
Drawing Title

• Title of the drawing


• Drawing Number
• Scale
• Legend
• Symbol denoting the method of projection
• Name of the firm
• Initials of staff who have designed, checked, and approved

TITLE BOX
TITLE BOX TITLE BOX
Typical Example
Drawing Title

Guide line
150
70 TITLE BOX Unit: mm

50 100
NAME
20

10 CLASS

10 ROLL

15 DATE OF PERFORMANCE

DATE OF SUBMISSION
15
Drawing Title

20 Page Border 10

10
10
DRAWING TITLE 20

Unit: mm

10
Lines
Lines
Lines
Lines

Visible/Object/Drawing Lines
 Dark, heavy lines.
 Used to represent the outline or contour of the object being drawn.
 Define features you can see in a particular view.
Lines

Hidden Lines
 Light, narrow, short, dashed lines.
 Shows the outline of a feature that cannot be seen in a particular view.
Lines

Center Lines
 Thin line consisting of alternating long and short dashes.
 Used to represent the center of round or cylindrical shape , or the symmetry of a feature.
• Center lines should start and end with long dashes.
 Center lines should intersect by crossing either the long dashes or the short dashes.
 For IS standard, center lines should intersect by crossing the long dashes.
Lines

Leader Lines
 Thin lines used to connect a specific note to a feature.
 Also used to direct dimensions, symbols, item number and part numbers on a drawing.
 Commonly drawn at 45, 30 and 60 degrees.
 Has a short shoulder (3-6mm) at one end.
Lines

Arrowheads
 Used to terminate dimension lines and leader lines and on cutting-plane lines and
viewing plane lines.
 They should be three times as long as they are wide.
 They should be the same size throughout the drawing.
Lines
Break Lines
Break Lines are used to break out sections for clarity or for shortening a part.
Short Break Lines.
•Thick wavy line.
•Used to break the edge or surface of a part for clarity of a hidden surface.
Long Break Lines
•Long, thin lines.
•Used to show that the middle section of an object has been removed so it can be
drawn on a smaller piece of paper .
Lines

Phantom Lines
 Thin lines made up of long dashes alternating with pairs of short dashes.
 Three purposes in drawings:
1. To show the alternate position of moving parts.
2. To show the relationship of parts that fit together.
3. To show repeated detail.
Lines
Lettering & Numbering

• Lettering is defined as writing of titles, sub-titles, dimensions, etc. on


a drawing.
• To undertake production work of an engineering components as per
the drawing, the size and other details are indicated.
• Practice accompanied by continuous effort would improve the
lettering skill and style.
Lettering & Numbering

• Use all CAPITAL LETTERS


• Use even pressure to draw precise, clean lines
• Use one stroke per line
• Horizontal Strokes are drawn left to right
• Vertical Strokes are drawn downward
• Curved strokes are drawn top to bottom in one continuous stroke
on each side
• Use The Single-stroke, Gothic Style of Lettering
• Always Skip a Space Between Rows of Letters
• Always Use Very Light Guide Lines
Lettering
Numbering
Dimensioning

• The size description of drawing has to be provided


• The expression of these features on a drawing using lines, symbols,
figures and notes is called Dimensioning
Principles of Dimensioning

• All dimension information necessary to describe a component clearly


and completely shall be written directly
• Each feature shall be dimensioned once only on a drawing
• Dimension should be placed on the view where the shape is best
seen
• As far as possible, dimensions should be expressed in one unit (for
example, mm or inch or feet)
• Dimensions should be taken from visible outlines rather than from
hidden lines
Some Rules of Dimensioning
Some Rules of Dimensioning
Some Rules of Dimensioning
Some Rules of Dimensioning
Some Rules of Dimensioning
Drawing Instruments

• Drawing sheet
• Drawing board
• T square
• Compass
• Divider
• Set squares
• French curves
• Templates
• Pencils
• Eraser
Thank You Very Much! !

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