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Ionic Compounds

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17 views

Ionic Compounds

Uploaded by

layanshihadeh29
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ionic Compounds
Science
Learning Goals
❏ I can identify an atom vs a ion.
❏ I can identify which elements may lose or gain
electrons
❏ I know the definition of a ionic charge
❏ I know how to write the chemical name and formula of
an ionic compound
METALS VS. NONMETALS
Metals Nonmetals
Lose electrons to form Gain electrons to form
positive ions also known as negative ions also known as
cations . anions .

Examples: Examples:
Calcium Ion: Sulfur Ion:
20 p+ - 18 e- = Ca2+ 16 p+ - 18 e- = S2-

Potassium Ion: Fluorine Ion:


19 p+ - 18 e- = K+ 9 p+ - 10 e- = F1-
IONIC COMPOUNDS AND IONIC BONDS
● An ionic compound is formed through the transfer of electrons
● One atom loses electron(s) to form a cation, and the other atom accepts
the electron(s) to form an anion
● The chemical bond between the metal and nonmetal is called an ionic bond
● This bond occurs due to electrostatic attraction (attraction due to
opposite charges)
● Ex. Sodium will lose an e- to a chlorine atom to create an ionic compound:
FORMING SODIUM CHLORIDE
FORMING SODIUM CHLORIDE
NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS
Naming Rules:
1. The METAL always goes first
2. The NONMETAL goes 2nd
3. The ending to the NONMETAL is changed to the suffix (ending) “-IDE”

sodium chlor ide


NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS
Determine the name of the ionic
Element Anion compound formed by the following
chlorine chloride elements:
fluorine fluoride
aluminum + oxygen → aluminum oxide
oxygen oxide
bromine bromide sodium + fluorine → sodium fluoride
phosphorus phosphide
calcium + oxygen → calcium oxide
sulfur sulfide
nitrogen nitride
NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS
Determine the name of the ionic compound formed by the following elements.
Remember the rules we learned! If no compound will form, write “can’t mix”.

phosphorus + beryllium → beryllium phosphide

lithium + argon → can’t mix (argon is already stable)

magnesium + sulfur → magnesium sulfide

chlorine + aluminum → aluminum chloride


WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAS
Subscripts:
● Subscripts are the small numbers just below the element symbol in
chemical formulae
● Subscripts refer to the number of each atom in the compound
● The number one is never written as a subscript, the element symbol
indicates that there is one atom there (we don’t typically write “1s” in
chemistry)

H2 O CO2 O2 C6H12 O6
WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAS
Balancing Charges:
The overall charge on all of the atoms in an ionic compound must equal zero to
be stable.

Example 1: Sodium reacts with Chlorine

Na: +1 The overall charge of one sodium ion


Cl: -1 minus the chlorine ion is zero.

(+1) + (-1) = 0

Therefore the compound is: NaCl (let me show you a shortcut on the
board)
WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAS
Example 2: Lithium reacts with Oxygen

Li: +1 (+1) + (-2) = -1 Therefore we need one more


O: -2 positive to balance the charge

2(+1) + (-2) = 0

Therefore the compound is: Li 2O

Let’s see how the shortcut works on the board!


WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAS
Example 3: Beryllium reacts with Phosphorus

Be: +2 (+2) + (-3) = -1 We need one more positive to


P: -3 balance the charge, but we can’t
just add (+1), we can only add
atoms!
3(+2) + 2(-3) = 0

Therefore the compound is: Be 3P 2

Let’s see how the shortcut works on the board!

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