Basic Science JSS 3 Exam

Paper 1

Metabolism

1. Which of the following is the main energy currency of the cell? A) Glucose
B) ATP
C) Oxygen
D) Carbon dioxide
2. The process of converting glucose into energy is called: A) Photosynthesis
B) Respiration
C) Fermentation
D) Glycolysis
3. Which organ is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism in the human
body? A) Heart
B) Kidneys
C) Liver
D) Lungs
4. Which of these is an anabolic process? A) Respiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Glycolysis
D) Digestion
5. Which of the following is NOT a product of cellular respiration? A) Carbon dioxide
B) Water
C) Oxygen
D) ATP
6. What is the role of enzymes in metabolism? A) To provide energy
B) To break down nutrients into smaller molecules
C) To speed up metabolic reactions
D) To store excess energy
7. Which substance is produced during fermentation in the absence of oxygen? A)
Lactic acid
B) Oxygen
C) Glucose
D) Carbon dioxide
8. Which of these is broken down during glycolysis? A) Proteins
B) Nucleic acids
C) Glucose
D) Lipids

Acids and Bases

 9. Which of the following is a characteristic of an acid? A) It turns blue litmus paper red
B) It turns red litmus paper blue
C) It has a pH greater than 7
D) It is slippery to touch
10. What is the pH range of an acid? A) 1 - 3
B) 4 - 6
C) 7 - 9
D) 10 - 14
11. Which of the following is an example of a base? A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Sodium hydroxide
C) Vinegar
D) Lemon juice
12. What happens when an acid reacts with a base? A) They form a gas
B) They neutralize each other
C) They form an acid
D) They produce electricity
13. Which of these substances is acidic? A) Ammonia
B) Sodium hydroxide
C) Vinegar
D) Potassium chloride
14. What is the pH of pure water? A) 0
B) 7
C) 14
D) 5
15. Which of the following is used to measure the pH of a solution? A) Thermometer
B) Litmus paper
C) Magnifying glass
D) Barometer
16. Which of these is a common use for acids? A) Soaps and detergents
B) Cleaning rust
C) Making paint
D) Reducing inflammation
17. What happens to a base when dissolved in water? A) It produces hydrogen ions
B) It produces hydroxide ions
C) It becomes neutral
D) It turns into an acid
18. What does the term "alkaline" refer to? A) A solution with a pH less than 7
B) A solution with a pH equal to 7
C) A solution with a pH greater than 7
D) A solution with no effect on pH
19. Which of the following is NOT a strong acid? A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Nitric acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Sulfuric acid

Drug Abuse
20. Which of the following is an effect of alcohol on the body? A) Improved memory
B) Increased heart rate
C) Reduced coordination
D) Increased body temperature
21. Which organ is primarily affected by the long-term use of alcohol? A) Kidneys
B) Lungs
C) Liver
D) Brain
22. Which of these is a type of drug that depresses the central nervous system? A)
Stimulants
B) Hallucinogens
C) Narcotics
D) Antidepressants
23. Which of these is a possible effect of using cocaine? A) Increased energy
B) Lower blood pressure
C) Improved memory
D) Relaxation
24. Which of these drugs is classified as a hallucinogen? A) Heroin
B) Marijuana
C) LSD
D) Ecstasy
25. Which of the following drugs is commonly used as a painkiller? A) Cocaine
B) Heroin
C) Aspirin
D) Ecstasy
26. What is a common risk associated with smoking tobacco? A) Liver damage
B) Heart disease
C) High blood pressure
D) Lung cancer
27. Which of these is a sign of drug addiction? A) Rarely using a drug
B) Frequent need to increase the drug dose
C) No withdrawal symptoms
D) Only using drugs on weekends
28. What is the term for the body’s ability to become less responsive to a drug over
time? A) Tolerance
B) Dependence
C) Addiction
D) Overdose
29. Which of the following is a legal drug that can lead to addiction if abused? A)
Caffeine
B) Marijuana
C) LSD
D) Heroin
30. What is the effect of nicotine on the body? A) It increases heart rate
B) It improves lung function
 C) It causes drowsiness
D) It reduces blood pressure

Paper 2

Erosion

1. What is erosion? A) The breakdown of rocks into soil

B) The movement of soil and rock by water or wind
C) The growth of plants on rocks
D) The accumulation of soil
2. Which of these is a major cause of soil erosion? A) Planting trees
B) Building houses
C) Running water
D) Adding fertilizers
3. Which human activity can increase soil erosion? A) Planting trees
B) Deforestation
C) Using manure
D) Crop rotation
4. What is the effect of erosion on agriculture? A) Increases crop yield
B) Enriches the soil with nutrients
C) Reduces soil fertility
D) Makes soil stronger
5. Which of the following can help reduce soil erosion? A) Removing all vegetation
B) Overgrazing by animals
C) Building terraces on slopes
D) Increasing farming activities
6. Which of the following is NOT an agent of erosion? A) Wind
B) Water
C) Ice
D) Carbon dioxide
7. The type of erosion caused by strong winds in dry areas is called: A) Sheet erosion
B) Splash erosion
C) Gully erosion
D) Wind erosion
8. Which of these methods can prevent soil erosion on farmland? A) Tilling the soil
B) Planting cover crops
C) Burning the soil
D) Grazing animals freely

Flooding

9. Flooding is often caused by: A) Excessive rainfall

B) Planting more trees
 C) Decreasing river flow
D) Building dams
10. Which of these activities can worsen flooding in urban areas? A) Building dams
B) Constructing drainage systems
C) Clearing forests for buildings
D) Digging trenches
11. What effect can flooding have on farmland? A) Increases crop production
B) Deposits rich soil
C) Reduces soil fertility
D) Damages crops
12. A common natural cause of flooding is: A) Earthquakes
B) Heavy rainfall
C) Strong winds
D) Clear skies
13. Which of the following is a flood control method? A) Deforestation
B) Overgrazing
C) Building levees and dams
D) Ignoring drainage systems
14. Floods can lead to the spread of which of these diseases? A) Malaria
B) Tuberculosis
C) High blood pressure
D) Diabetes
15. Which of these is a consequence of river flooding? A) Soil erosion
B) Soil formation
C) Soil hardening
D) Soil freezing

Salts

16. What is a salt in chemistry? A) A compound that tastes sweet

B) A compound formed from an acid and a base
C) A solution of acids
D) A compound that only contains water
17. Which of the following is an example of a salt? A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Sodium chloride
C) Water
D) Ammonia
18. The reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water is called: A)
Oxidation
B) Reduction
C) Neutralization
D) Filtration
19. What is the main component of table salt? A) Sodium chloride
B) Potassium chloride
 C) Magnesium sulfate
D) Calcium carbonate
20. What is produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide? A) Water
and oxygen
B) Sodium chloride and water
C) Carbon dioxide and water
D) Sulfur and oxygen
21. Which of these is NOT a property of salts? A) They are generally solid at room
temperature
B) They conduct electricity in solution
C) They have a high melting point
D) They are always acidic
22. What type of salt is formed when a strong acid reacts with a weak base? A) Basic
salt
B) Neutral salt
C) Acidic salt
D) Metallic salt
23. Which of these salts is commonly used in fertilizers? A) Sodium chloride
B) Ammonium nitrate
C) Calcium carbonate
D) Magnesium oxide
24. What salt is produced when sulfuric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide? A)
Potassium chloride
B) Potassium sulfate
C) Potassium nitrate
D) Potassium carbonate
25. Salts are formed by the reaction of acids with: A) Other acids
B) Bases
C) Water only
D) Hydrogen

Activity Series

26. What is the activity series? A) A list of elements based on their mass
B) A list of elements based on their reactivity
C) A sequence of acids
D) A list of elements based on their size
27. Which of these metals is the most reactive according to the activity series? A) Gold
B) Copper
C) Potassium
D) Silver
28. According to the activity series, which metal will react with hydrochloric acid to
release hydrogen gas? A) Gold
B) Iron
 C) Silver
D) Platinum
29. Which metal in the activity series is least likely to corrode? A) Sodium
B) Calcium
C) Gold
D) Magnesium
30. The ability of a metal to replace another metal in a compound is determined by: A)
The periodic table
B) The atomic mass
C) The activity series
D) The melting point
31. In the activity series, which of these metals is most reactive with water? A)
Potassium
B) Zinc
C) Copper
D) Iron
32. What is the order of reactivity in the activity series from highest to lowest? A)
Copper > Iron > Sodium
B) Potassium > Magnesium > Copper
C) Iron > Zinc > Gold
D) Zinc > Potassium > Silver
33. Which metal can displace zinc from a zinc sulfate solution according to the activity
series? A) Gold
B) Silver
C) Copper
D) Magnesium
34. Metals that are high in the activity series are more likely to: A) Be less reactive with
acids
B) React with water and acids easily
C) Form covalent bonds
D) Be found in nature as pure elements
35. Which of these metals cannot displace hydrogen from dilute acids? A) Calcium
B) Potassium
C) Silver
D) Magnesium

Paper 3

Rate of Chemical Reaction

1. The rate of a chemical reaction is measured by the:

o A) Speed of mixing reactants
o B) Amount of products formed per unit time
o C) Color of the reactants
o D) Type of catalyst used
2. Increasing the temperature of a reaction generally:
 o A) Decreases the rate of reaction
o B) Has no effect on the reaction
o C) Increases the rate of reaction
o D) Stops the reaction
3. A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed is called a:
o A) Reactant
o B) Inhibitor
o C) Product
o D) Catalyst
4. Which factor does NOT affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
o A) Surface area
o B) Concentration
o C) Volume of container
o D) Temperature
5. Crushing a solid reactant into smaller pieces generally:
o A) Decreases the reaction rate
o B) Increases the reaction rate
o C) Has no effect
o D) Stops the reaction

Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions

6. An exothermic reaction is one that:

o A) Absorbs heat
o B) Releases heat
o C) Has no change in heat
o D) Releases light only
7. Which of the following is an example of an endothermic reaction?
o A) Burning of wood
o B) Photosynthesis
o C) Combustion of fuel
o D) Respiration
8. In an exothermic reaction, the energy of the products is:
o A) Higher than the reactants
o B) Lower than the reactants
o C) Equal to the reactants
o D) Equal to zero
9. The process of melting ice is:
o A) Exothermic
o B) Endothermic
o C) Both exothermic and endothermic
o D) Neither
10. An endothermic reaction absorbs energy from:
o A) The reactants
o B) The products
 o C) The surroundings
o D) The catalyst

Nervous System

11. The basic unit of the nervous system is:

o A) Neuron
o B) Muscle
o C) Bone
o D) Blood cell
12. The part of the brain that controls balance and coordination is the:
o A) Cerebrum
o B) Medulla
o C) Cerebellum
o D) Spinal cord
13. Which part of the nervous system controls involuntary actions?
o A) Somatic nervous system
o B) Autonomic nervous system
o C) Peripheral nervous system
o D) Cerebral cortex
14. A reflex action is controlled by the:
o A) Brain
o B) Heart
o C) Spinal cord
o D) Lungs
15. The spinal cord is part of the:
o A) Central nervous system
o B) Peripheral nervous system
o C) Autonomic nervous system
o D) Endocrine system

Sense Organs

16. The sense organ responsible for detecting light is:

o A) Ear
o B) Skin
o C) Eye
o D) Nose
17. The organ responsible for hearing is the:
o A) Nose
o B) Skin
o C) Ear
o D) Tongue
18. Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering it?
o A) Lens
 o B) Retina
o C) Iris
o D) Cornea
19. The taste buds are located on the:
o A) Nose
o B) Skin
o C) Tongue
o D) Ear
20. The sense of smell is controlled by the:
o A) Ear
o B) Skin
o C) Nose
o D) Tongue
21. The retina is a part of the:
o A) Nose
o B) Eye
o C) Ear
o D) Skin
22. The part of the ear that detects sound vibrations is the:
o A) Cochlea
o B) Retina
o C) Iris
o D) Pupil
23. Which of these sense organs helps to detect pressure and temperature?
o A) Ear
o B) Skin
o C) Nose
o D) Eye
24. The lens of the eye focuses light on the:
o A) Pupil
o B) Retina
o C) Iris
o D) Cornea
25. The sensory nerve that transmits information from the eye to the brain is the:
o A) Auditory nerve
o B) Olfactory nerve
o C) Optic nerve
o D) Facial nerve

Family Life Education

26. Family life education teaches individuals about:

o A) Mathematics
o B) Physical health and relationships
o C) Only academics
 o D) Only biological processes
27. The family type consisting of parents and their children only is known as:
o A) Extended family
o B) Blended family
o C) Nuclear family
o D) Single-parent family
28. Which of these is a role of family life education?
o A) To promote poor health habits
o B) To encourage violence
o C) To educate on responsible family roles
o D) To ignore family planning
29. A key objective of family life education is to:
o A) Encourage harmful relationships
o B) Teach academic subjects only
o C) Promote understanding of emotional and physical health
o D) Avoid discussions on relationships
30. One purpose of family life education is to prepare individuals for:
o A) Parenting and responsible family roles
o B) Ignoring social norms
o C) Avoiding any family responsibilities
o D) Isolating from family members

Basic Concepts of Acids, Bases, and Salts

1. An acid is a substance that:

o A) Tastes sweet
o B) Donates hydrogen ions (H⁺)
o C) Donates hydroxide ions (OH⁻)
o D) Has a pH above 7
2. A base is a substance that:
o A) Tastes sour
o B) Donates hydrogen ions (H⁺)
o C) Accepts hydrogen ions (H⁺)
o D) Has a pH below 7
3. The pH scale ranges from:
o A) 1 to 7
o B) 0 to 14
o C) 1 to 14
o D) 0 to 10
4. A neutral substance has a pH of:
o A) 1
o B) 7
o C) 14
o D) 10
5. Which of the following is a common property of acids?
 o A) Slippery texture
o B) Bitter taste
o C) Sour taste
o D) Sweet taste
6. Bases are commonly found in:
o A) Fruits
o B) Soap and detergents
o C) Sugary foods
o D) Carbonated drinks
7. Which of these is a natural acid?
o A) Soap
o B) Lemon juice
o C) Table salt
o D) Baking soda
8. Which of the following is a characteristic of bases?
o A) Sour taste
o B) Corrosive to metals
o C) Slippery to touch
o D) Sweet taste
9. Which of the following is a neutral substance?
o A) Vinegar
o B) Water
o C) Lemon juice
o D) Baking soda
10. An example of an alkali is:
o A) Lemon juice
o B) Baking soda
o C) Vinegar
o D) Table salt

Properties and Uses of Acids, Bases, and Salts

11. Which acid is commonly found in vinegar?

o A) Citric acid
o B) Hydrochloric acid
o C) Acetic acid
o D) Nitric acid
12. The acid found in the stomach that aids digestion is:
o A) Nitric acid
o B) Acetic acid
o C) Hydrochloric acid
o D) Sulfuric acid
13. Which of the following is a strong acid?
o A) Lemon juice
o B) Acetic acid
 o C) Hydrochloric acid
o D) Baking soda
14. A base commonly found in household cleaning products is:
o A) Nitric acid
o B) Ammonia
o C) Sulfuric acid
o D) Citric acid
15. Which of the following substances is commonly used as a preservative due to its acidic
nature?
o A) Baking soda
o B) Vinegar
o C) Water
o D) Table salt
16. Salts are produced from the reaction between:
o A) Acids and metals
o B) Bases and non-metals
o C) Acids and bases
o D) Acids and water
17. The salt formed from hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is:
o A) Sodium chloride
o B) Sodium sulfate
o C) Calcium chloride
o D) Potassium chloride
18. Which acid is used in car batteries?
o A) Nitric acid
o B) Hydrochloric acid
o C) Sulfuric acid
o D) Citric acid
19. Which of these is an example of a neutralization reaction?
o A) Acid + Metal
o B) Base + Water
o C) Acid + Base
o D) Metal + Salt
20. The main component of table salt is:
o A) Sodium nitrate
o B) Potassium chloride
o C) Sodium chloride
o D) Calcium carbonate

Acid-Base Indicators

21. An indicator is a substance that:

o A) Changes color to show pH level
o B) Changes the taste of a solution
o C) Neutralizes acids and bases
 o D) Creates acid
22. Litmus paper turns red in:
o A) Bases
o B) Neutral substances
o C) Acids
o D) Salts
23. Blue litmus paper turns red in the presence of:
o A) A base
o B) An acid
o C) Salt
o D) Neutral substances
24. Phenolphthalein is pink in:
o A) Neutral solutions
o B) Basic solutions
o C) Acidic solutions
o D) Salts
25. Methyl orange turns red in:
o A) Acidic solutions
o B) Neutral solutions
o C) Basic solutions
o D) Salt solutions

Reactions Involving Acids, Bases, and Salts

26. When an acid reacts with a metal, the products are:

o A) Salt and water
o B) Salt and hydrogen gas
o C) Water and oxygen
o D) Salt and carbon dioxide
27. The reaction of an acid with a base is called:
o A) Oxidation
o B) Reduction
o C) Neutralization
o D) Combustion
28. What gas is produced when an acid reacts with a metal?
o A) Oxygen
o B) Hydrogen
o C) Carbon dioxide
o D) Nitrogen
29. Which of the following acids is used in the production of fertilizers?
o A) Acetic acid
o B) Sulfuric acid
o C) Nitric acid
o D) Hydrochloric acid
30. Which salt is commonly used in baking?
 o A) Sodium chloride
o B) Sodium bicarbonate
o C) Calcium chloride
o D) Potassium nitrate

Real-Life Applications of Acids, Bases, and Salts

31. Sodium bicarbonate is commonly known as:

o A) Baking powder
o B) Washing soda
o C) Baking soda
o D) Table salt
32. Which of the following is a common use of sulfuric acid?
o A) Food seasoning
o B) Fertilizer production
o C) Soap making
o D) Baking
33. Acids are commonly used in:
o A) Food preservation
o B) Metal cleaning
o C) Both A and B
o D) Only medicine
34. The acid found in oranges is:
o A) Citric acid
o B) Hydrochloric acid
o C) Sulfuric acid
o D) Acetic acid
35. Calcium carbonate is commonly found in:
o A) Vinegar
o B) Stomach antacids
o C) Water
o D) Batteries
36. Vinegar is commonly used as:
o A) Baking agent
o B) Food preservative
o C) Soap
o D) Metal cleaner
37. Hydrochloric acid is used in:
o A) Paper production
o B) Preserving fruits
o C) Cleaning metals
o D) Baking
38. Which of these salts is used in cooking?
o A) Calcium sulfate
o B) Sodium chloride
 o C) Magnesium sulfate
o D) Potassium nitrate
39. Which of the following is used in soap making?
o A) Sodium hydroxide
o B) Hydrochloric acid
o C) Citric acid
o D) Calcium carbonate
40. The salt used in ice cream making is:
o A) Sodium sulfate
o B) Sodium chloride
o C) Potassium chloride
o D) Calcium sulfate

Other Concepts

41. Bases turn red litmus paper:

o A) Blue
o B) Red
o C) Green
o D) No change
42. Which ion is common in all acids?
o A) Hydroxide ion
o B) Sulfate ion
o C) Hydrogen ion
o D) Carbonate ion
43. Which of the following ions is common in bases?
o A) Chloride ion
o B) Hydroxide ion
o C) Sulfate ion
o D) Nitrate ion
44. The process by which an acid and base react to form a salt and water is called:
o A) Sublimation
o B) Neutralization
o C) Evaporation
o D) Filtration
45. Which substance is used to reduce acidity in the stomach?
o A) Ammonia
o B) Baking soda
o C) Vinegar
o D) Citric acid
46. Bases are commonly used in:
o A) Medicines
o B) Fertilizers
o C) Cleaning agents
o D) Acidic foods
47. Which is a property of acidic solutions?
o A) Slippery
o B) Corrosive
o C) Sweet
o D) Tasteless
48. Ammonia is a type of:
o A) Acid
o B) Salt
o C) Base
o D) Indicator
49. Potassium hydroxide is:
o A) An acid
o B) A base
o C) A salt
o D) A neutral substance
50. Which acid is found in fizzy drinks?
o A) Hydrochloric acid
o B) Sulfuric acid
o C) Carbonic acid
o D) Nitric acid