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UNIT 17 JAN 25th

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13 views5 pages

UNIT 17 JAN 25th

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polyglotcm
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT 17

Simple Past versus Present Perfect

I worked in this company - finished action

I have worked in this company -

PAST SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT

When? How long? (= da quanto tempo?)

yesterday for / since

last week / month / year this week / month / year

this morning (se non siamo più di mattina) this morning (se siamo ancora di mattina)

at 5 o’clock ever / never

on Sunday recently / lately

two years / hours / minutes ago just / already

when I was young since I was young

Have you ever been to Boston?

Yes, I have

When did you go there?

I went there last summer

INSERT ‘FOR’ or ‘SINCE’

1. We’ve been away for weeks


2. She’s had that laptop since last year
3. He’s been lazy since he was a teenager
4. We’ve had these employees since last autumn
5. She’s been his partner for three and a half years - since they met at University
6. Has anyone brought you the menu since you got here?
7. I haven’t seen my grandparents for ages
8. She’s run the company since her brother resigned
9. Haven’t you drunk any coffee since you woke up?
10. She’s been in hospital for more than twelve weeks

still / yet / already

· still si usa soprattutto in frasi affermative o interrogative


· yet si usa in frasi negative

Are you still working? = Stai ancora lavorando? I still haven’t eaten lunch

I haven’t eaten lunch yet

I have already eaten lunch

I haven’t finished yet = Non ho ancora finito

· already si usa in frasi sia affermative che interrogative


· yet si usa in frasi interrogative, in fondo alla frase

Have you done that work yet? / Have you already done that work? = Hai già fatto quel lavoro?

Yes, I’ve already done it = Si, l’ho già fatto

No, I haven’t done it yet = No, non l’ho ancora fatto

I’ve already learned:

how to use Present Simple

how to use Modal verbs

how to use the Future Forms

the difference between Have to and Must

I’ve also learned:

when to use Present Perfect

[email protected]

I used to go to this beach when I was a child

I went to this beach when I was a child


Used to + verb

I didn’t use to go - Did you use to go …?

INSERT ‘USED TO’, ‘DIDN’T USE TO’, ‘DID ... USE TO’ or ‘DIDN’T ... USE TO’

1. Paul and Joe have been friends for years. They used to be in the same class at school
2. It’s strange that Julie doesn’t speak French. Did she use to live in Calais?
3. He’s become so slow at doing things! It didn’t use to take him so long to get things finished!
4. You’re in very good shape for a guy in your fifties. Did you use to do athletics?
5. How everything’s changed! There used to be meadows full of flowers where those houses
stand
6. It’s hard to believe that Amanda used to work as a stuntwoman
7. Angela has become very bad-tempered. It used to be easier to work with her
8. I didn’t use to eat any type of cheese, but I absolutely adore it now!

I used to play...

I used to watch...

I used to have...

I used to like...

In the summer I used to go...

Frequency adverbs

Always I am always on time I always arrive on time

Usually

Often

Sometimes

Occasionally

Seldom / rarely

Never
Gerund as subject / object It is important to eat fruit Eating fruit is important

It’s expensive to to buy a house - Buying a house is expensive

It’s dangerous to ...

It’s fun to ...

It’s easy to ride a bike - Riding a bike is easy

It’s difficult to ...

It’s challenging to learn a new language - Learning a new language is a challenge

Could / to be able to

I can use a computer = Posso / So / Sono capace di usare un computer

I could use a computer when I was six years old = Sapevo / Potevo / Ero capace di usare un
computer quando avevo sei anni

I could use a computer, but I don’t like computers = Potrei usare un computer, ma non mi
piacciono i computer

I haven’t been able to turn on my computer = Non ho potuto / Non sono riuscito ad accendere il mio
computer

Note: “to be able”, non essendo modale, è seguito dal “to” + infinito

I will be able to

MAKE SOME EXAMPLES OF YOUR OWN:

Since the pandemic began, I haven’t been able to…

This month I’ve been able to...

Since the start of this year I’ve been able to...

Since I began working I haven’t been able to...


ONE SINGLE ‘EPISODE’ in the past : tentativo che ha successo: WAS / WERE ABLE TO + verb

MANAGED TO + verb

The little girl who fell in the river was able to float until rescuers arrived.

... could float until rescuers arrived

While lost in the desert, he was able to survive by drinking his own urine

... could survive by drinking his own urine

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