2020 Electrical Power, Electronics, Communications, Controls and Informatics Seminar (EECCIS)

2.4 GHz Double Loop Antenna

with Hybrid Branch-Line 90-Degree Coupler
for Widespread Wireless Sensor
Dwi Arman Prasetya Irfan Mujahidin
Telcommunication Laboratory Telcommunication Laboratory
Electrical Engineering Electrical Engineering
Merdeka Malang University Merdeka Malang University
Indonesia Indonesia
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract—- One of the main Telecommunication devices is common electric circuit due to it alleviate the dimension and
the wireless sensor system, it requires a compact circuit disappearance energy to transfer signals. furthermore, to
component system of the electromagnetic network circuit, implement and manufacture, this configuration is easy to
simple configuration, and low-cost matter, notably for the duplicate and can be well utilized[5]. The widespread
antenna with the high frequency. 2.4 GHz circuit of Double
Loop electromagnetic Microstrip with a hybrid branch-line 90-
Wireless Sensor framework configuration can be follow on
degree coupler. it is the novelette microstrip circuit fig. 1 :
configuration and shaped with the open frequency, not a
complex circuit, and inexpensive matter at the 2.4 GHz for
Widespread Wireless or electromagnetic sensor. This network
configuration is a prominent section of the package be
composed on the Widespread electromagnetic sensor that is of Antenna
a 2.4 GHz circuit with the Double Loop patch and hybrid
branch-line 90-degree coupler to generate phase shifter with Active Object
the value is 90-degree on the output component with two input. Component
out
The microstrip antenna has a narrow bandwidth and a single 90 Hybrid
in 90 Coupler
band with the frequency is 2.36 GHz to 2.34 GHz within below
-20dB Return loss or S-parameter and the resonance of Antenna
frequency 2.4 GHz, it’s not necessary to need to use a bandpass
filter to optimization electromagnetic circuit, the spread area
pattern is a directional wide area and the value of gain is 4.28
dB and the impedance is 50-ohm microstrip line, the coupler Fig. 1. Widespread wireless sensor system
has S41 of -3.49 dB, S31 of -3.51 dB, S21 of 34.25 dB and S11 of
-30.85 dB, that overall specification is a right agreement. On Integrated a compact loop antenna with shifter phase
the whole dimension of the implemented electromagnetic coupler be composed of a 2.4 GHz double loop microstrip
circuit configuration is 96 mm times 90mm with Fr4 of antenna with hybrid a 90-degree coupler to deliver phase
dielectric that has 50 ohms of impedance characteristic. shift with the value 90 degrees output as an integrated
passive component of widespread electromagnetic sensor,
Keywords— Double Loop Antenna, Widespread Wireless
double loop microstrip antenna have been purposed to get
Sensor
good gain for sensor and telecommunication implementation
conjoined with a directional 90-degree coupler phase
I. INTRODUCTION shifter[6]. This implementation offers a not complex and
Due to of its decrease disaffection for an antenna with efficient circuit for a new design Double Loop microstrip
narrow radiation on wireless sensor application, and the circuit with the feeding network for a widespread wireless
ability to electromagnetic wave wireless sensor has sensor without complicated circuit implementation,
indicated novel potential in developed sensor application manufacture method and using inexpensive raw matter at
towards communication health and medicine, especially for high frequency[7].
the non-contact sensor[1][2]. With developed technology on
the researcher over the decade, sundry high-enforcement II. RESEARCH METHODS
sensor configuration has been identified to accomplish the Generally, the schaming and fabrication of a microstrip
congestion in electromagnetic wave wireless sensor devices, antenna wit the shape double loop have integrated with the
with hight sensitivity, and narrow area spread issues. feed-line network be composed of the 90-degree phase
However, with an upward complex configuration, the novel shifter that is used for a widespread wireless sensor. on fig.
electromagnetic circuit system suffers at low cost and low 2 is represented the size of the indicate miniaturized 2.4GHz
power consumption[3][4]. double loop Antenna with 90 Degree Phase Difference
Output[8]. In Fig. 2, incurvation two lines feed λ/4 serial to
double loop antenna respectively have been built up using
This configuration utilizes a microstrip line of an
the fr4 substrate with the 0.008 cm thickness and the cuprum
electromagnetic component more streamlined than a
as conductor element with a thickness of 0.00035cm.

978-1-7281-7109-8/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE 298

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 2020 Electrical Power, Electronics, Communications, Controls and Informatics Seminar (EECCIS)

Ws Gs 42

In this paper, twofold fix circle shape utilized with

Ro associated with the rectangular ground using the opening so
Ri Wr the essential structure is the round circle fix, which is the
transmitting component sweep measurements can be gotten
Dl
by method for the condition[9].

Ls1 Ls (1)
Lt1
Ws2
Ls3 Ls4 Ws1 Where R is the patch loop radius far-field, r is a center
Wa far-field radius, a distance of Fairfield vector and sin θ cos ϕ
Ls2 coordinate the function of the far-field loop antenna. The 2.4
Wb Lb Lt2
GHz Twofold Loop microstrip receiving wire configuration
La is done anticipated dependent on the material and matrix
Ls5 generate from a circuit with deliver from reference[10][11].
The yields of the theoretical concept then design the use of
(a) the layout software program to describe the double loop
Ws microstrip antenna parameters. hybrid 90-degree coupler
plan and antenna software design process are considered to
characterize the management of the graph in case not it is
corresponding or no longer as preferred of the
performance[12].
The proposed miniaturized 2.4GHz circuit design on
feeding network circuit for a widespread wireless sensor.
The principal line feed λ/4 has been implemented on the
Ls usage of an Fr4 substrate on the network circuit feed. it have
four-port, two output has phase difference output with the
value 90-degree and two-port as input[13].
The operation of the feeding network is as follows: With
Gs
all matched of ports, electromagnetic energy sign coming
into to port 1 is midst two ports with equally divisible
output, with value is 90 degree phase section shift among
the outputs at the 2.4GHz frequency (isolated port)[14]. The
(b) formula of the scattering matrix has represented:
Fig. 2.Element Double Loop Antenna with 90 Degree Phase shifter, (a)
Front, and (b) Rear
(2)

TABLE I. DIMENSIONS OF ANTENNA

Variable Dimension (mm) III. IMPLEMENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF PARAMETER

Ws 90 Fig. 3. described the implemented of an integrated loop
Ls 96 microstrip antenna and 90-degree phase shifter for a
Ro 14.3 widespread electromagnetic sensor that has been
Ri 19 manufactured. The double loop on microstrip circuit look
Wr 4.7 toward is used to direct establish radiation area to the front,
high gain and efficiency performance with compact and
D1 2 small integrated circuit sizes[15]. The roundly double loop
Ls1 9 with a 90-degree phase shifter microstrip circuit dimension
Ls2 47.16 of the proposed electromagnetic circuit is 55.7 mm times
Ls3 12.55 49.2mm.
Ls4 8.9
Ls5 9.4
La 14.7
Lb 18
Ws1 1.5
Ws2 1.5
Wa 1.2
Wb 1.8
Lt1 12
Lt2 31

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 2020 Electrical Power, Electronics, Communications, Controls and Informatics Seminar (EECCIS)

Fig. 4. S parameter of the circular double loop microstrip antenna

The circular double loop microstrip antenna has the right

(a) compatibility values of S parameters that are -31.31 dB on
2.4GHz and have working frequency range 52 MHz in under
-20dB. with a narrow band, it can escalate the effectiveness
of electromagnetic circuits to not using the complicated
bandpass filters circuit[16][17].
Coordinate of radiation circular double loop microstrip
antenna pattern of emission shape as a purpose of coordinates
ball. It is important to delineate the far-field area of the
microstrip antenna[18][19]. On Fig. 6. is the far-field
radiation of the antenna :

S11 (dB)
Radiation Power (dB)
Maximum
Minimum limitlimit
(dB)
Radiation Pattern 2 HFSSDesign3 Imported
ANSOFT
(dB) Freq='2.44GHz' Phi
0

-30 30
Frequency (GHz)
2.80

-0.40
-60 60
-3.60

-6.80

(b)
-90 90
Fig. 3. Implemented prototype of double loop antenna integrated with a 90-
degree phase shifter (a) Front, and (b) Rear

To assign the working frequency as the resonance of the

-120 120
circular double loop microstrip antenna, Fig. 4 indicates the
circular double loop antenna of s-parameter value as a
reference.
-150 150

-180

Fig. 5. Phi direction of the far-field pattern

300
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 2020 Electrical Power, Electronics, Communications, Controls and Informatics Seminar (EECCIS)

and S21 have a coupled value of -30.85 dB. The isolation is

shown in s characterize of S31 and S41 above -4dB with the
Radiation Power (dB) S31 value have a coupled value -3.25 dB and S41 have a
Minimum limit (dB)
Radiation Pattern 3 HFSSDesign3 ANSOFT
coupled -3.49 dB level for FR4 with er=4.4 it's better than.
Freq='2.44GHz' Phi='90deg'

0 Imported 2.4 GHz 90-degree phase shifter plain double loop antenna
Freq='2.44GHz' Phi='90deg'

-30 30
has two feed-in and two feed-out with 50-ohm impedance
5.30 each line.

4.60
-60 60

3.90

3.20

-90 90

-120 120

-150 150

-180

(b)
Fig. 6. Theta direction of The circular double loop microstrip antenna
Fig. 8. S parameter 90-degree phase shifter
The far-field pattern of radiation has an appropriate
congruence value of the region and the level. The region of Fig. 9 represents the phase output each port and phase
the far-field pattern that has a primary lobe with a huge area difference every port output. S parameters S11 and S2, it
of the biggest and back lobe, it can be deduce that the indicated phases in a different phase. S21 and S11 deliver
circular double loop far-field pattern of radiation is a wide differences in stage phase around to 90 degrees that are 89.45
directional area. To represent the efficiency of degrees its good agreemnt with the toleration standard is 5
electromagnetic strength signal in an extensive path to the degrees.
strengthening of the reference strength signal on round
double loop antenna, therefore, need to delineate antenna
gain level. The gain value :

Fig. 9. S parameter Phase output

Fig. 10 has represented the 90-degree phase shifter on the

impedance output. The output on port 1 of 1.02 + 0.03i and
Fig. 7. The double loop microstrip antenna gain port 2 of 0.99 + 0.05i at the value of impedance . On the
Fig. 7. characterize the gain value of the microstrip whole, the impedance level is close with 50 ohms on
antenna has a level power of 4.28 dB. It indicates that normalized value.
appropriate agreement antenna gain for a frequency of 2.4
GHz for a double loop of microstrip antenna. Fig. 8
determine the coupled and isolation[20][21]. The coupled is
represented in s parameters S11 and S21 below -20dB with
the following values S11 have a coupled value of -34.25 dB

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 2020 Electrical Power, Electronics, Communications, Controls and Informatics Seminar (EECCIS)

S11 (impedance) the feed of antenna patch has serial with the antenna and two
Setup1 : Sweep
S21 (impedance)
Smith Chart 1 direct_coupler(FR4) ANSOFT
outputs which serve output phase difference of 89.45
100 90 80 degrees, The isolation level aloft -4dB that is S41 = -3.49
110 1.00 70
120 60
dB, and S31 = -3.25 dB, S parameters level of output still
130 0.50 2.00 50
below 20 dB that is S11 = -34.25 dB and S21 = -30.85 dnB,
140 40 and. The whole has the dimension circuit 90mmx96mm.
150 30
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