Thermodynamics

Chapter Three

Combustion
Lecture Four

Third Stage

L.A Lamees R. Jabbar

Absolute Enthalpy and Enthalpy formation

exothermic reaction 0581 is

Combustion
Reactant profit

9cu
Δ hr Gev Enthalpy of combustion

hr You h product h reactant

Δ HR Gov H product H reactant

Ahr AHR
Mwt fuel

sensible heat of Reactant

Its His
i
sensible heat
molkfraction of each component
 Example 4 1
The higher heating Value of gaseous methane
and air at 25 C is 55.5 Mg kg
Find the sensible heat of reactants at constant
pressure offichiometricmitture of methane
and air if the reactants and products at 500k
Solution Fuel CHA α I
B 4

GHB 02 3.761 2 CO2 H2O

1 3 76 N2

CHA 02 3.76 N2 CO2

f 4H20
3.76 1 4 Nz

CH O
t
3 HH CO HO T.SN

Number of moles reactant CHA 02 N2

1 d 61 a 1 2 7 52

10.52 mole
 Mwt X
if g
Reactant Mflction
kgffm.lkjfriktiondimh

02
Ikmo CH4
0.095
0.19
16
32
1.52
6 08
0

0.22
055 3.2
6.07
N2 0.715 28 20.02 0.725 5.91
Exist Yi 1
27.62

Me EX Mwi

0 095 16 0 19 32 0 715 28

sensible.fi nt 27 62kg kmol

Hesitant Xi his
0 095 3.2 0 19 6 07 0 715 591

5.68 MS Kmol
as
Kmox
Hs 5.68
27.62kg
y
Hs 206 k
 air

Mo2 MN2 6 08 20 02 17.18

MCHI 1 52
fuel
 Energy balance equation

Nh r Nh p 9

9 heat released from the combustion

number of moles kf. N
h sensible heat
1

Example In a flow calorimeter 24 mg 5

of graphiteparticulate reacts completely with
oxygen to form carbon dioxide initially at 25 C
The rate of heat absorbed by the Calometer
water is 787kg Find the heat of formation
of CO2
Solution
02 CO2

2041 5
11 M
Mc
247
Mut mg
Me 0 024 9 sec
He Me
Mute MW C 12
He 0 024 91sec 0 002 Mol sec
12 g mol
If 02 81 62 d Go

Co2 He 0.002 mol sec

write energy balance equation

Nh r Nh p 9
d 9
Ahc
Enthalpy substance
Aho of free
0 Ncoz Dh coz 9
Mar Dhaz 9
0.002 Δhcor 787 W
Ahca 787 washed 393500
0 002 mollsed
Higher and lower Heating Value

Qrxnp
Higher H H V
Nfnel Mfuel KJ Kmol

Lower LHV HHV Nao hey

Nfuel Mfuel
Heat of combustion

Qrxnp Nidhi R Nishi p

hfc rose Nfc ng huge

Latent heat
of Vaporization
 Example
the upper and lower heating
Determine
value at 298K of gaseous n decan
Cio 422 Per Kmol of fuel and per kg of
fuel The molecular weight of n decane
is 142 28

Solution
610 422 8151 Ask at
10
B 22

GHB 02 3.761 2 CO2 H2

3.76 N

10H22 10 02 3.76 Nz
24
10 CO2 22H20 3 76 10
24 N2

10H22 15.5 02 3.76 Nr 10 Co2

11 H2O 58.28 Nz
basis WI WI Ii
I Kmol of Gotta
e
 Q np Nidhi R Nidhi p
knot 1 KJ
I AH 15 5
DÑ 58.28 Nz

e 10 Dhea 11 Dhazo 58 28 b

i 241847 44010

ΔhH2Oe 285857 KJ Kmol

Qrxnp I 249659 101 3935467 11 285857

aQrxnp
6830228I
Qrxr. h
HHVs
fuel Mfuel
6830228 KJ
I Kmol 142
28k
HHV 48004 K
 4H
Nao hes Kfg
LHV HHV
III ME
KSK
44010 KJ Kg
48004
1 142 28

44602 KJ kg