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Applications of Linear Equations

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Applications of Linear Equations

Uploaded by

Carlie Wright
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2b.

4 ~ Applications of Linear Equations

Slope-Intercept Form: y=mx+b

Two pieces of information needed to write in slope intercept form are


1. Slope = m 2. Y-intercept = b

X-value:(3,5) y-value:(3,5) Slope: a change up or down y-intercept: where you start

Steps:
1. Write the equation in slope intercept form.
a. Write the y=mx+b.
b. Find the m.
c. Find the b.
2. Use the equation to answer the question.

Examples:
1. To join a karate club, Bob must pay a $15 fee to join and then a monthly fee of $45. Write an equation that
models the situation. Then use the equation to determine how much it will cost for Bob to participate for 1 year.

y=mx+b
y=45x+15
45*12
y=540+15
y=555

2. Anna is spending money at the average rate of $9.50 per day. After 12 days, she has $135. How much is left in
Anna’s account after 30 days?
y=mx+b
135=9.5(12)+b
135=−114+b
b=135+114=249
y=−9.50(30)+249
y=−285+249
y=−36

3. A white water rafting center charges $11 an hour to rent a rafting tube. If Sarah rented a tube for 4 hours and
her total cost was $50. What would be the cost for renting the tube for 6 hours?
y=mx+b
50=11(4)+b
50=44+b
b=50−44=6
y=11x+6
y=11(6)+6
y=66+6
y=72
4. The value of a car decreases at a constant rate. After 4 years, the value of the car is $11,800. After 7 years,
the value of the car is $4,900. Write and solve a linear equation to find the value of the car after 8 years.
y=mx+b
m=4900-11800/7-4=-6900/3=-2300
11800=−2300(4)+b
11800=−9200+b
b=11800+9200=21000
y=−2300x+21000
y=−2300(8)+21000
y=−18400+21000
y=2600

5. To play laser tag for 45 minutes at Laser Gallery, the cost is $16.25. To play for 1 hour, the cost is $20. Write
and solve a linear equation to find the cost for playing laser tag for 30 minutes.
y=mx+b
m=20-16.25/1-0.75=3.75/0.25=15
20=15(1)+b
20=15+b
b=20−15=5
y=15x+5
y=15(0.5)+5
y=7.5+5
y=12.5

6. To mow a lawn, Brad charges a flat fee of $7.50, plus $8 per hour.
a. Write an equation for the cost, C, after x hours of lawn mowing.
c=8x+7.5

b. What does the y-intercept represent?


What the initial fee is

c. What does the slope represent?


Rate of change over time

d. How much money will Brad make if he mows a lawn for 2.5 hours?
c=8(2.5)+7.5
c=20+7.5
c=27.5

7. Samantha runs a local catering business. She charges $25 as a set-up fee and then $21.50 for each meal served.
a. Write an equation for the cost, C, if someone orders x plates.
c=21.5x+25

b. What does the y-intercept represent?


Initial fee

c. What does the slope represent?


Rate of change

d. How much money will it cost for someone to cater an event for 235 people?
c=21.5(235)+25
c=5052.5+25
c=5077.5
8. The table shows the height of Anna’s new plant over a period of days. What is the average rate of change in the
height of Anna’s plant between Day 8 and Day 20?
Day 0 8 16 20 32 44

Height (in inches) 5.5 7.1 8.7 9.5 11.9 14.3


9.5-7.1/20-8=0.2/1
0.2/1/2=0.1/0.5 or ⅕
Rate of change is 1/5

9. Beth compares the slope of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 6𝑥 − 5 to the slope of the linear function 𝑔(𝑥) that fits the
values
in the table below. Which slope is greater?
x -1 0 1

g(x) 8 12 16
The slope of f(x) is 6
g(x)=16-12/1-0=4/1 or 4
The slope of g(x) is 4
Therefore since 6 is greater than 4 f(x) has the greater slope

10. Landon compares the slope of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = (8𝑥 + 10) to the slope of the linear function 𝑔(𝑥) that fits
3
4
the
values in the table below. What is the sum of the slopes?
x 2 6 10

g(x) 6 4 2
f(x)=3/4(8x+10)
f(x)=¾*8x+¾*10
f(x)=6x+7.5
Slope of f(x)=6
g(x)=4-6/6-2=-2/4=-½
Slope of g(x)=-½
f(x)=6+g(x)=-½
6-½=12/2-½=11/2
11/2

11. Ross compares the y-intercept of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = − 2(3𝑥 − 1) to the y-intercept of the linear function
𝑔(𝑥)
that fits the values in the table below. What is the sum of their y-intercepts?
x 1 3 7

g(x) -2 10 34

f(x)=−2(3x−1)
f(0)=−2(3(0)−1)=−2(0−1)=−2(−1)=2
f(x)=2
g(x)=10-(-2)/3-1=10+2/2=12/2=6
y−(−2)=6(x−1)
y+2=6x−6
y=6x−8
f(x)=2+g(x)=-8
f(x)+g(x)=2-8=-6
-6

12. The graph below relates temperatures (y) in degrees Fahrenheit to


temperatures (x) in degrees Celsius. What is the rate of change?
(x1​,y1​)=(0,32)
(x2,y2)=(30,86)
86-32/30-0
54/30=27/15=9/5
9/5

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