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ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS II
ENSH 201

Lecture Year: II

Tutorial 2 Part:

I
Practical :0

Course Objectives:
The objective of this course is to equip students with understanding and practical

application of Fourier series, Fourier transform, function of complex variable, partial

differential equations and obtaining mathematicalmodels and Z- transform.

FourierSeries and FourierTransform (12hours)

1.1 Review of periodic, odd and even functions

1.2 Fourier series of a function over an interval of length 2and 2; Euler's

formula, Dirichlet's condition for uniform convergence of Fourier series,

Fourier series of discontinuous functions

1.3 Halfrange Fourier sine and cosine series

1.4 Complex form of Fourier series, frequencyand amplitudeof a function

1.5 Fourier integral theorem, Fourier sine and cosine integrals, complex form of
Fourier integral

1.6 Fourier transform, Fourier sine transform, Fourier cosine transform and their
inversion formulas
1.7 Fourier transform of the derivative of a function
1.8 Relation between Fourier and Laplace transform

2 Functions of Complex Variable (12hours)

2.1 Intuitive idea of limit, continuity and differentiability of functions of complex

variable
2.2 Analytic functions, the Cauchy Reimann equations both in Cartesian and
polar form,construction of analytic functions

2.3 Harmonic functions, the orthogonal system

2.4 Application of analytic functions in flowproblems
2.5 Transformation (Mapping), conformal mapping, translation, rotation and
magnification; inversion, bilinear transformation
2.6 Complex integration, simply and multiply connected regions, Cauchy's
integral theorem and formula

2.7 Series of complex terms, power series, circle of convergence and radius of

convergence,Taylor's and Laurent's series

2.8 Zeros, singularities, poles; residue at poles, Cauchy's residue theorem and
evaluation real and improperintegrals

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Partial Differential Equations (5 hours)

3.1 Definition and formation of partial differential equations

3.2 Partial differential equations solvable by direct integration
3.3 Linear partial differential equation of the first order, Lagrange's linear
equations and their solution

3.4 Nonlinear partial differential equation of first order; equations of the form
fp.q) =0,z =px +qy +f(p.), f(z,p.q)=0.fi(x,p)=f (y. q)

3.5 Charpit's method of solving nonlinear partial differential equations of first

order

Modelling through Partial Differential Equation (10hours)

4.1 Second order partial differential equation and classification

4.2 One-dimensionalwave equation

4.3 One-dimensionalheat equation
4.4 Two-dimensionalheat equation, Laplaceequation in Cartesian form
4.5 Mass balance equation; equation of continuity in fluid dynamics, Navier
Stoke's equation
4.6 Momentum balance equation; Euler's equation of motion for inviscid fluid

flow

Z- transform and its Applications (6 hours)

5.1 Representation of a sequence and basic operations

5.2 Definition and existence of Z-transform, Z-transform of standard sequences

5.3 Properties of Z-transform; linearity, change of scale, shifting properties, initial

and final value theorems

5.4 Differentiations of Z-transform

5.5 Inverse Z-transform; partial fraction and residue methods

5.6 Convolution of sequences, convolution of Z- transform
5.7 Diference equations, application of Z-transform solve difference

equations and to find the sum of series

Tutorial (30 hours)

1 Problems related to find period and identify odd and even functions

Exercises on Fourier series representation over intervals 21 and

generalization into 2r
3 Exercises related to Fourier series for discontinuous functions
4 Exercises related to half range Fourier series
5. Exercises related to complex form of Fourier series
6 Exercises related to Fourier integral, Fourier sine and cosine integral
7 Exercises related to Fourier transform, Fourier sineand cosine transform and
inversion
8 Exercises related to Fourier transform of derivatives and boundary value
problems.

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9 Exercises on application of C-R equations and construction of analytic

functions

10. Exercises on application of analytic functions to flow problems

11. Exerciseson mapping example of each mapping
covering
12 Exercises on application of Cauchy integral theorem and formula
13. Exercisesrelated to expansion of a function in Taylor and Laurentseries
14. Exercises related to complex integration by using Cauchy's residue theorem
15. Exercises on solution of partialdifferentialequation by direct integration
16 Exercises related to Lagrange's equation and PDE's as mentioned in 3.4
17 Exercises related to solution of one dimensional wave equation, one
dimensional heat equation, two dimensional equation
18. Exercises related to Z-transform, application of properties
19. Exercises related to inverse Z-transform
20. Exercises related to solvedifference equations by Z-transform
21. Exercises related to find sum of series by Z- transform

Final Exam
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be
as indicated in the table below:

Chapter Hours Marks distribution*

1 12 18
18
5
4 10
5 6 8
Total 45 60
There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

References
1. Jeffery A. (2002).Advanced Engineering Mathematics (2nd edition). San
Diego: Harcourt Academic Press.
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics (7th
O'Neill, P.V. (2011). edition). India:
Thompsons, USA/Baba Baghanath Printers.
3. Kreyszig, A. (2020). Advanced engineering Mathematics (10th edition).

USA: Wiley Publications.

4. Sastry S.S.(2014).Engineering Mathematics vol and ll (4th edition). India:
I
PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.

Wylie C., Barrett L. (1988).Advanced Engineering Mathematics (5th

edition). McGraw Hill.

6. Dutta, D. (2006). A text book of Engineering Mathematics Vol and I (2nd

l
edition). India: New Age International Publishers.
7. Ogata, K. (2015). Discrete Time Control System (2nd edition). Pearson
Publications.
8. Sharma, Sanjay.(2017). Signals and Systems (9th edition). India:
S.K.Kataria and Sons.

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NUMERICAL METHODS
ENSH 202

Lecture :3 Year: I

Tutorial :1 Part :

I
Practical :3

Course Objectives:

The objective of this course is to equip students with a thorough understanding of

numerical methods, focusing on their application in obtaining approximate solutions to

complex mathematical problems commonly encountered in science and engineering.

Emphasizing algorithm development, programming, and visualization techniques, the

course enables students to apply computational approaches effectively, enhancing their
problem-solving capabilities in real-world applications.

Solution of Non-Linear Equations (7 hours)

1.1 Errors and accuracy in numericalcomputations

1.2 Bisection method
1.3 Regula Falsi method and secant method
1.4 Newton Raphson method
1.5 Fixed point iteration method
1.6 Comparison of the methods (Bracketing vs open-ended methods and rates
of convergence)

1.7 Solution of system of non-linear equations

1.7.1 Directapproach
1.7.2 Newton Raphson method

2 Solutionof System of LinearAlgebraic Equations (8 hours)

2.1 Direct methods

2.1.1 Gauss Jordan method
2.1.2 Gauss elimination method, pivoting strategies (Partial and complete)
2.1.3 Matrix inverse using Gauss Jordan and Gauss elimination methods
2.1.4 Factorization methods (Do-Little's method and Crout's method)
2.2 Iterative methods
2.2.1 method
Jacobi's

2.2.2 Gauss-Seidalmethod
2.3 Determination of largest and smallest Eigen values and corresponding
vectors using the power mnethod

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Interpolation (9 hours)

3.1 PolynomialInterpolation
3.1.1 Finite differences (Forward,backward, central and divided
differences)
3.1.2 Interpolation with equally spaced intervals: Newton's forward and
backward difference interpolation, Stirling's and Bessel's central

difference interpolation
3.1.3 Interpolation with unequally spaced intervals: Newton's divided

difference interpolation, Lagrange interpolation

3.2 Least square method of curve fitting
3.2.1 Linear form and forms reducible to linear form

3.2.2 Quadratic form and forms reducible to quadratic form

3.2.3 Higher degree polynomials
3.3 Cubic spline interpolation

3.3.1 Equallyspaced interval

3.3.2 Unequallyspaced interval

Numerical Differentiation and Integration (6 hours)

4.1 Numerical differentiation
4.1.1 Differentiation using polynomial interpolation formulaefor equally
spaced intervals

4.1.2 Local maxima and minima from equally spaced data

4.2 Numerical
l integration
4.2.1 Newton Cote's general quadrature formula
4.2.2 Trapezoidal rule, Simpson's 1/3 and 3/8 rules, Boole's rule,
Weddle's rule

4.2.3 Romberg integration

4.2.4 Gauss-Legendre integration (up to 3-point formula)

Solutionof Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) (8hours)

5.1 Initial value problems
5.1.1 Solutionof first orderequations: Taylor's series method, Euler's
method, Runge-Kutta methods (Second and fourth order)
5.1.2 Solution of system of first order ODEs via Runge-Kutta methods
5.1.3 Solution of second order ODEs via Runge-Kuttamethods
5.2 Two-pointboundary value problems
5.2.1 Shooting method
5.2.2 Finite difference method

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Solution of Partial Differential Equations (7hours)

6. Introduction and classification

6.2 Finite difference approximationsof partial derivatives

6.3 Solution of elliptic equations
6.3.1 Laplace equation
6.3.2 Poisson's equation
6.4 Solution of parabolic and hyperbolic equations
6.4.1 One-dimensionalheat equation: Bendre-Schmidtmethod,
Crank-Nicolson method
6.4.2 Solution of wave equation

Tutorial (15 hours)

1. Solution of non-linear equations
2. Solution of system of linear algebraic equations
3. Polynomial interpolation
4. Least square method of curve fitting

5 Cubic spline interpolation

Numerical differentiation
7. Numerical Integration
8. Solution of ordinary differential equations (Initial value problems)
9. Solution of ordinary differential equations (Boundary value problems)
10. Solution of partial differential equations

Practical (45 hours)

Programming language to be used: Python
Results to be visualized graphically wherever possible
Practical report contents: Working principle, Pseudocode, Source code, Test Cases

Basics of programming in Python:

Basic input/output
Basic data types and data structures
Control flow
Functions and modules
Basic numerical and scientific computation
Graphical visualization
2. Solution of Non-linear equations:
Bisectionmethod
Secant method
Newton-Raphson
System of non-linear equations using Newton-Raphson method
3, System of linear algebraic equations:
Gauss Jordan Method
Gauss elimination method with partial pivoting
Gauss-Seidalmethod
Power method

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4. Interpolation
Newton's forward difference interpolation

Lagrange interpolation

Least square method for linear, exponential and polynomial curve fitting
Cubic spline interpolation
5. Numerical Integration
Trapezoidal rule

Simpson's 1/3 rule or Simpson's 3/8 rule

Boole's Rule or Weddle's Rule

Gauss-Legendre integration
6. Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations:
Runge-Kutta fourth order method for first ODE
order
Runge-Kutta fourth order method for system of ODEs /2d order ODE
Solution of two-point boundary value problem using Shootingmethod
Solution of two-point boundary value problem using finite difference
method
7. Solution of partial differential equations using finite difference approach:
Laplace equation using Gauss-Seidaliteration
Poisson's equation using Gauss-Seidaliteration
One-dimensionalheat equation using Bendre-Schmidtmethod
One-dimensionalheat equation using Crank-Nicholsonmethod

Final Exam
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be
as indicated in the table below:
Chapter Hours Marks distribution"
1 7 10
2 10
3 10

4 10

5 3
6 7 10
Total 45 60
There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

References
1. Chapra, S.C., Canale,R. P. (2010). Numerical Methods for Engineers (6th
edition). McGraw-Hil.
2 Kiusalaas, J. (2013). NumericalMethods in Engineering with Python 3 (3rd
edition). Cambridge University Press.

3. Grewal,B. S. (2017). NumericalMethods in Engineering & Science (11th edition).

India: Khanna Publishers.
4.
F. (1986).An Introduction to Numerical Computations
Yakowitz, S., Szidarovszky,
(2nd edition). Macmillan Publishing.
5. Kong, Q., Siauw T., Bayen A. (2020).Python Programming and Numerical
Methods.Academic Press.

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FLUID MECHANICS
ENCE 201

Lecture :4 Year:

I
Tutorial :2 Part: Il

Practical :3/2

Course Objectives:
To provide students with a deep
o understanding of the principles governing the behavior
of fluids, encompassing both liquids and gases. This branch of physics and engineering
aims to elucidate how fluids behave under various conditions and to equip students
with the knowledge and skills necessary to analyze and solve practical problems
related to fluid flow. It also enables students to apply mechanics concepts to the
fluid

design, analysis, and optimization of engineering systems involving fluids, such as

pipelines, pumps, turbines and hydraulic systems.

Fundamental Concepts of Fluids (8hours)

1.1 and characteristics of fluid, distinction between liquid and gases
Definition
1.2 Thermodynamic system, control volume and continuum concept
1.3 Basic fluid properties: Mass density, specific weight, specific gravity,

cavitation, vapor pressure, surface tension, capillarity and viscosity

1.4 Isothermal and adiabatic compressibility

1.5 Liquid-vapour phase transition, lsobaric evaporation during heating.

isothermal condensationduring cooling, vapour pressure vs temperature.

1.6 Fluid pressureand types, pressure head and basic pressure laws (Pascal
law, hydrostatic law)
1.7 Pressure measurement: Manometers (piezometer, U-tube manometer and
micro manometers)

2 Fluid Statics (10 hours)

2.1 Hydrostatics forces on plane and curved surfaces; concepts

2.2 Hydrostatic thrusts on submerged surfaces; total pressure and centre of
pressure(Planeand curve surfaces)
2.3 Pressurediagram (planeand curve surfaces)
2.4 Computation of pressure forces on gates, dams and civil hydraulic

structures (Planeand curve cases)

2.5 Buoyancy and Archimedes principle, floatation concept
2.6 Condition of equilibrium: Stability of submerged and floating bodies
2.7 Metacenter and determination of metacentric height (Analytical and
experimental method)

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2.8 Liquid in relative equilibrium: Liquid in a container subjected to uniform

acceleration in horizontal, vertical and inclined directions; uniform radial
acceleration about vertical axis

3 Fluid Flow Kinematics (8hours)

3.1 Lagrangian and Eulerian concept in fluid flow, classification of flow
3.2 Description of flow patterns: Streamlines, streak lines, path lines (Equations
and practical examples)
3.3 Stream tube, stream functions and velocity potentials functions, total

acceleration

3.4 Conservationprinciple of mass, continuity equation of Cartesian and polar

Co- ordinates
3.5 Dischargesand mean velocity of flow

Fluid Dynamics (6 hours)

4.1 Various forces acting on a fluid
in motion (Gravitational, pressure, viscous,
turbulent, surface tension and compression)
4.2 Concept of Reynold and Navier-Stokes' equation of motion
4.3 Euler's equation of motion and its application
4.4 Bernoulli's equation: Concept,assumptions,application examples
4.5 Momentum and fluid flow, linear momentum equations for two-dimensional
and moment of momentum equation
flow

Applicationof Energy and Momentum Equation (12 hours)

5.1 Flow measurement devices: Venturi-meter (Horizontal, inclined and

vertical), orifice meter, nozzle meter and Pitot tube (Working principal,
governing equations and application examples)
5.2 Flow through orifices: Small orifice, large orifice, partially and totally

submersed orifices (Equationsand examples)

5.3 Hydraulic and their determinations
coefficients

5.4 Flow over notches and weirs, discharge equations, concept of end
contractionand approach velocity
5.5 Force exerted by jets striking a flat plate and moving (Plane and curve)
vanes
5.6 Force exerted on pipe bends and closed conduits

Dimensional Analysis and Physical Modelling (8 hours)

6.1 Introduction to dimensional analysis (Physical quantity and their

dimensions)
6.2 Methods of dimensionalanalysis: Rayleigh's method and Buckingham's TT

theorem
6.3 Applications of dimensional analysis in fluid flow problems

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6.4 Concept of physical modelling and its relation to dimensional analysis

6.5 Types of similarities
6.6 General model laws, application of Reynold's and Froude's model law in

civil engineering

7 Flow Through Submerged Body and Boundary Layer Theory (8 hours)

7.1 Description of boundary layer and its thickness (Flat plate only)

7.2 Laminar and turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate with zero pressure
gradient

7.3 Friction drags for laminar and turbulent boundary layer, engineering
examples
7.4 Effect of pressure gradient and flow separation concept
7.5 Concept of drag and lift (Types and formulas)
7.6 Drag on cylinder and flat plate, application in engineering

Tutorial (30 hours)

1 Fluid Properties, manometers and pressure
Hydrostatic and curved surface
force calculations for plane
3. Buoyancy and liquid in relative equilibrium
4 Kinematics (Streamline, streak line and path line) and mean velocity and
discharge
5 Application of Bernoulli's equation
6 Flow measurement and flow through orifices and notchesand weirs
7 Momentum equation on flat or curved plate, pipe bends etc.
8 Dimensionalanalysis and physical modeling
9. Boundary and drag and
layer lift

10. Use of CFD (Some available software) in fluid flow calculations (Demo or

few hands on exercises)

Practical (22.5hours)
1 Determination of viscosity, specific gravity of fluid

Hydrostatic force on plane and curved surface

3. Buoyancy and floatation
4 Stream lines and path lines with the help of dye and cameras
5 Verification of Bernouli's equation
6. Force of jets on flat and curved vanes
7
Physical model making (Simpleconceptual related to civil engineering)

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Final Exam
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be
as indicated in the table below:

Chapter Hours Mark distribution*

1 8 8
2 10 14

3 6
4
5 2 12
6 3 8
7 8 6
Total 60 60
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Reference
1. White,F.M. (2016).Fluid Mechanics. McGraw-Hill.
2. Dixon, S.L., Hall, C. (2014). Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of

Turbomachinery.Butterworth-Heinemann.
3 Munson, B.R., Young, D.F., Okishi, T.H.(2012).Fundamentals of Fluid

Mechanics.John Wiley and Sons.

4. Modi, P. N., Seth,S. M. (2017).Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics. Standard
book house.
5. Borgnakke C. Sonntag R.E. (2019). Fundamental of Thermodynamics, John
Wiley and Sons.
6. Sangroula D.P. (2019). Fundamental of Fluid Mechanics.

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THEORY OF STRUCTURESI
ENCE 202

Lecture :3 Year:

II
Tutorial Part:

I
Practical :212

Course Objectives:
The objective of this course is to develop concepts and analytical skills to compute
structural responses (Stresses and deformations) in determinate structures subjected
to static loads by manual calculation as well as matrix method of analysis using
computer software.

Introduction (3hours)
1.1 Types of structures based on analysis perspective

1.2 Idealization of structures, threats and responses

1.3 Review of determinacy, indeterminacy and stability of plane structures

1.4 Application of determinate systems in civil engineering infrastructures

2 Strain Energy Method (5hours)

2.1 Work and complementary work
2.2 Strain energy and complementary strain energy
2.3 Strain energy due to axial, shear,bending and torsion
2.4 Deformationof beams and frames by real work method
2.5 Limitations of the real work method
2.6 Strain energy due to gradually and suddenly applied direct load: Dynamic
multipliers

Virtual Work Method (6 Hours)

3.1 Introduction to work

virtual

3.2 Derivation of virtual work equation

3.3 Displacementsby the methods of virtual work

3.4 bending and torsion effects
Direct axial, shear,
3.5 Deformationof trusses due to external loads, temperatureeffect and misfits

3.6 Deformationof beams and fames due to external loads and temperature
effects

3.7 Deformationof beams and frames due to supportsettlements

3.8 Betti's law and Maxwell's reciprocal theorems

3.9 Application of different effects in beam, frame and truss

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Deflection of Beams (7 hours)

4.1 Importanceof deflection evaluation

4.2 Macaulay'smethod
4.3 Moment-area method: Derivation of theorems
4.4 Conjugate-beam method
4.5 Deflections by the method of superposition
4.6 Deflection evaluation of different determinate beams
4.7 Application of deflection

InfluenceLines forSimple Structures (9Hours)

5.1 Importanceof influence lines

5.2 Concept of moving static loads and diagrams (ILD)

influence line
5.3 Influence lines for supportreactions and supportmoments
5.4 Influence lines for shear force and bending moment in beams
5.5 Influence lines for supportreactions and member forces in trusses
5.6 ILD for indirect load applications (Panel loadings)
5.7 Qualitative ILD using Muller-Breslau principle
5.8 Use of influence line diagrams
5.8.1 Determination of reactions, bending moments and shear forces
(Structural quantity diagram)from ILD due to different loadings:

Point load, distributed load, couple, standard load trains

5.8.2 Most critical position of a loading system for maximum internal
force/momentat a beam section
5.8.3 Determination of most critical position of a loading system for
absolute maximum internal forces

Statically Determinate Arches (6 hours)

6.1 Introduction and type of arches

6.2 Three-hinged structures with supportsat the same and different levels
6.3 Determination of support reactions, shear forces, normal forces and
bending moments
6.4 Analysis of three-hinged arches by the graphical method
6.5 Use of ILD for reactions, bending moments, radial shear forces and normal
thrust

7 Suspension Cable Systems (7 hours)

7.1 Introduction and type

7.2 Funicular shape of cable
7.3 Catenary cables and general cable theorem
7.4 General cases of parabolic cables and their analysis

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7.5 Elements of a simplesuspended and suspension bridges

7.6 Analysis of three-hinged stiffening girder

7.7 Use of influence line diagrams

7.8 Basics of tower structures, wind cablesand ties

Simple Space Truss (2hours)

8.1 Introduction and importanceof space truss

8.2 Boundary conditionsand types of supports

8.3 Analysis of simplespace truss by tension coefficient methods

Tutorial (30hours)
1 Strain energy due to axial, shear,bending, and torsion

Deformationof beams and frames by real work method

3 Displacementsby the methods of virtual work
4 Deformationof trusses due to external loads, temperatureeffect and misfits
5. Deformation of beams and fames due to external loads and temperature
effects
6 Deformationof beams and frames due to supportsettlements
7 Deflection of beams by different methods
8 Influence line diagrams for support reactions, shear force and bending
moment
9. Influence lines for supportreactions and member forces in trusses

10. Determination of reactions, bending moments and shear forces (Structural

quantity diagram)from ILD due to different loadings: Point load, distributed

load, couple, standard load trains

11. Determination of support reactions, shear forces, normal forces and
bending moments of three-hinged arches
12. ILD for reactions, bending moments, radial shear forcesand normal thrust
of three-hinged arches
13. Analysis of parabolic cables
14. Analysis of three-hinged stiffening girder

15. Analysis of simplespace truss by tension coefficient methods

Practical (15 hours)

1 Deflection of beams and frames
2 Measurement of reactions in three-hinged arches under different loading

arrangements
3 Analysis of plane truss under different loading arrangements
4 Experimental analysis of suspension bridges under different loading

atangements
5 Simulation of influence lines for beams, girders and frames under different

loading arrangements
6 Simulation of displacement measurement in statically determinate plane
frame

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Final Exam
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be
as indicated in the table below:

Chapter Hours Mark distribution*

1 3
2 5
3 6
4 9
5 12

6 8
7 10
8 2
Total 45 60
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

References
1
Hibbler, R.C. (2008). Structural Analysis. Prentice Hall.
2 Norris, C.H. Wilbur, J.B., Utku S. (1977). Elementary structural Analysis. 3rd
Edition. New York: McGraw-HillBook Co.
3. Reddy, C.S. (2017). Basic Structural Analysis. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.

Wong Y. Yang et. al. (2005).Applied Numerical Methods using MATLAB.

4.
John Willey & Sons.
5 Parajuli H. R. and Ojha B. (2024). Structural Analysis-l, Determinate
Structures.Kathmandu: Heritage Publishers & Distributors.
6. Darkov,A., Kuznetsov V. (2011). Structural Mechanics. Gordon and Breach
1969
7. West, H.H. (1980).Analysis of Structures. John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Devdas M. (2008).Structural Analysis. Narosa Publishing House.

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ENGINEERING SURVEY I

ENCE 203

Lecture :3 Year:

I
Tutorial :1 Part:

I
Practical

Course Objectives:
The objectiveve of this course is to familiarize surveying methods and techniques used for

design and construction of civil engineering projects. This course will provide basic
knowledge of land measurement and surveying techniques giving specific emphasis to
plane surveying. The course will make students able to learn and understandthe theory
and field procedures by applying suitable surveying methods to prepare engineering
maps.

1
Traversing and Area Calculation (8 hours)

1.1 Needs, significance and types of traversing

1.2 Specification for horizontal and vertical control of traverse

1.3 Fieldworks for traversing and traverse field notes
1.4 Traversecomputation
1.5 Plotting of traverse, concept of map integration
1.6 Field problems and instructions

1.7 Area calculation by coordinate and double meridian distance method

2 Indirect Leveling and Contouring (5 hours)

2.1 Principle of plane trigonometric surveying

2.2 Determination of heights and distances of inaccessible objects

2.3 Reciprocal leveling

2.4 Instructesometrical
on field works
2.5 Introduction to contouring

2.6 Establishment of controls

2.7 Contour interval and characteristics of contour
2.8 Methods of locating contours
2.9 Interpolation of contours
c

2.10 Uses of contour maps

2.11 Volume calculation by average-end-areaand prismoidal methods

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Orientation and Field Astronomy (5 hours)

3.1 Introduction to datum system

3.2 Analytical intersection and resection
3.3 TwO points and three-point resection and their significance

3.4 Instruction on field application

3.5 Introduction of astronomy,definition of terms
3.6 Geographicalcoordinate system
3.7 Map projection system of Nepal
3.8 Use of astronomy in suveying and mapping

Route Survey (10hours)

4.1 Types of curves and their uses

4.2 Simple circular curves and elements
4.3 Layout of simple circular curve by linear and angularmethod
4.4 Transition curve, characteristics, types and its elements
4.5 Layout of transition curve by linear and angularmethod
4.6 Elements of composite curvesand setting out techniques
4.7 Vertical curve, requirements, equation of parabolic curve
4.8 Vertical curve layout by parabolic method

Photogrammetry and Drone Surveying (5 hours)

5.1 Photogrammetricas a branch of surveying

5.2 Scale of vertical photograph,relief displacement

5.3 Merits and limitation of photogrammetry
5.4 Drones and their development;drone types
5.5 Drone regulation in Nepal and flight permission
6.6 Features of drone mapping and surveying
5.7 Drone survey planning and techniques
5.8 Postprocessingand data analysis of drone survey
5.9 drone survey
Application of

Geospatial Technologies in Civil Engineering (4 hours)

6.1 Globalpositioning system (GPS)

6.2 Components, working principles and uses of GPS
6.3 Differential GPS and its uses in civil engineering for mapping
6.4 Instructions to field applications

6.5 Types of remote sensingand electromagnetic radiation (EMR)

6.6 Interaction of EMR with earth surface features

6.7 Field application and instruction ofremote sensing

6.8 Geographic information system (GIS)and types of GIS
6.9 Application of GIS to civil engineering projects

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7 Hydrographic Surveying (4 hours)

7.1 Hydrographicsurvey,its terminology and application

7.2 Vertical and horizontal control

7.3 Measurement of depth and velocity of flow and discharge

74 Location of a point by orientation

8 SpecializedCivil Engineering Surveys (4 hours)

8.1 Principle, stage and requirementsof setting out

8.2 Horizontal and vertical control for setting out works
8.3 Building setting out by linear and angularmethod
8.4 Bridgeand sewer line layout work
8.5 Norms and standardsfor road alignmentsurvey
8.6 IP and corridor method of alignmentsuveying
8.7 Basics of tunnel surveying
8.8 Uses of gyroscope for tunnel surveying

8.9 Methods of transferring centerline in tunnel

8.10 Basics of water supplyand canal surveying

Tutorial (15 hours)

1 Traversing and area calculation; computationof major and minor traverse;
calculation of area by coordinate and DMD method
2 Indirect leveling, calculation and interpolation of contour
3 Orientation and field astronomy problems related to intersection, two point

and problems by Collins and Tienstra's methods

three point
4 Different problems related to simple circular, transition, composite and
vertical curves
5 Calculation of flow velocity and discharge obtained by different

measurement techniques
6 Calculations of chainage of route alignments, horizontal and vertical control

Assignments
1 Digital data recording plotting by software to produce the topographic map

Practical (60 hours)

1. Traverse survey by digital data recording using total station (Record
angle and mention manual calculation), plotting
horizontal of detailing by
manual and any computer software; RL transfer to station
2 Intersection and resection using total station
3 Trigonometric leveling
4 Contouring - Indirect method
5. Setting out of simple circular, transition, composite and vertical curves
6 Minimum three room building setting out by linear and angularmethods
7 Establishment of control points by using DGPS nearby working area

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8 Flying of drone, taking image by using drone and image processing for
terrain generation
9
Demonstrationon application of GPS and GIS
10. Photogrammetry lab visit

Final Exam
The the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be
qusoisw cover all tne chapters in

in the table below:

Chapter Hours Mark distribution*

3 12
2 5 6
5 6
4 0 16

5
6 4
7 4
8 4

Total 45 60
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

References
Bannister, A., Raymond S., Baker R. (1998). Surveying. 7th Edition.

Pearson.
2 Punmia B. C., Jain A., Kr., Jain A. K. (2005).Surveying VOL I, VOLI| &
VOL II. Laxmi publication.
3. Wolf, P.R., Brinker, R.C. (2010). Elementary Surveying. Harper Collins

college publishers.
4. Basak N.N. (2004).Surveyingand Levelling. Tata McGraw-Hill.
5 Agor R. (1980). A Text Book of Surveying and Levelling. Delhi: Khanna
publisher.
6. Duggal S. K. (2013). Surveying: Volume 1& 2. Tata McGraw-Hill.
7. V(o04
Dhakal B. B., Karki B.
(2019). Engineering Surveying & I, Second
I
Kathmandu: Heritage publication and distributors.
edition.
8 Basnet N., Basnet M. (2011). Basic Surveying & II. Kathmandu: National
I
Book Center.

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cOMPUTER AIDED CIVIL DRAWING

ENCE 204

Lecture :2 Year: Il
Tutorial 0 Part:

I
Practical

Course Objectives:
The objectiveve of this course is to train studentswith computer aided designand drafting

of civil engineering structures. The course will teach students to extract dimensions
from existing computer aided drawings, enabling them to interpret and utilize these
drawings effectively. Students will be equipped to create drawings with site plans and
structural details applying computer aided techniques to produce precise and
professional documents for civil engineering projects.

Introduction (2hours)
1.1 Computer aided design and drafting

1.2 computer aided drawings in

Application of civil engineering
1.3 Computer aided drawing software
1.4 Three-dimensional drawing software

2 Autodesk AutoCAD (8hours)

2.1 Overview of the two-dimensionalAutoCAD interface

2.2 Coordinate system, units and

and scales
2.3 Drawing and editing (Commands and tools)
2.4 Layers and blocks
2.5 Annotation and dimensioning
2.6 Layouts and printing
2.7 Three dimensional drawings

3 Computer Aided Civil Engineering Drawings (16 hours)

3.1 Location map

3.2 Land measurement and area calculation
3.3 Building drawing (Load bearing and reinforced cement concrete)
3.4 Underground water tank, septic tank and soak pit

3.5 Road,retaining wall and side drain

3.6 Irrigation canaland weir/barrage
3.7 Slab culvert and T-beam bridge
3.8 Title block and legends
3.9 Importing, exporting and plotting

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4 Building InformationModeling (4 hours)

4.1 Concept, processesand utilization

4.2 Standards and regulations

4.3 Building information modelingversus computer aided design and drawing

4.4 Common data environment

Practical (45 hours)

1
Preparation of a two-story residential load-bearing building on the given
land

2 Preparation of a twO-story RCC building on the given land

3 Preparation of a RCC slab culvert drawings of given span
4 Preparation of contour map from given survey data at suitable contour
and scale
interval
5 Common dataenvironment

Final Exam
The questions willcover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be
as indicated in the table below:

Chapter Hours Mark distribution*

8
3 6 13
4
Total 30 30
* There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

References
1.
Omura, G. (2006). Mastering AutoCAD 2005 and AutoCAD LT
2005. Germany: Wiley.
2. Tickoo,S. (2005). Autocad 2005: A Problem Solving Approach. United
States: Delmar Learning.
3 Sacks, R., Eastman, C., Lee, G., & Teicholz, P. (2018). BIM handbook: A
guide to building modeling for owners, designers,
information engineers,
contractors, and managers. John Wiley & Sons.
facility

4
Civil engineering drawingsprovided by subject teacher

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CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY
ENCE 205

Lecture Year: I

Tutorial Part:

I
Practical 2

Course Objectives:
The objective of this course is to build the basic understanding of students on concrete
ingredients and their properties, properties of fresh and hardened concrete, quality

assurance and quality control in concreting works, concrete grade and concrete mix
design, and special concrete. After completing this course,students should be able to

develop competency in understanding on behavior of concrete, concreting operation,

tests on concrete, and mix design.

Concrete and Constituentsof Concrete (6 hours)

1.1 Introduction to concrete and use of concrete in structures

1.2 Constituents of concrete

1.2.1 Aggregates (Properties and their gradation)

1.2.2 Cement: Compound composition of cement (Bogue'scompound) and
cement, strength of cement
their properties, hydration of
1.2.3 Water (Quality/requirements of water for concrete)
1.2.4 Admixtures:Chemical admixturesand mineral admixtures, use of

chemicaladmixtures(Plasticizers, Super-plasticizers, accelerator,

retarder, air entraining agents,water proofer), properties, use and

different types of mineral admixtures(Fly ash, blast furnaceslag,
silica fume, rice husk ash, meta-kaolin)
1.3 Structure of concrete: Concrete as three phase system (aggregate,
hydrated cement paste and transition zone phases)

Propertiesof Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations (4 hours)

2.1 Water-cement ratio

2.2 Workability and its tests (Slump test, compaction factor test, Vee-Bee

consistency test, flow table test)

2.3 Segregation, bleeding and their effects

2.4 Concreting operations (Batching, mixing, handling, placing, compaction,
finishing, curing and formwork removal)
2.5 Concreting in extreme temperaturesand its mitigation
2.6 Mass concreting issues and their mitigation

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Mix Design of Concrete (6 hours)

3.1 Compressive strength of concrete and grade designation

3.2 Variability of concrete strength, characteristic strength and grade of

concrete
3.3 Introduction to nominal Mix
3.4 Mix design (lIS code, British code, ACI methods)

Propertiesof Hardened Concrete (6 hours)

4.1 Load-deformationbehavior of hardened concrete, moduli of elasticity

4.2 Shrinkageand creep

4.3 Impact, cyclic loading and fatigue
4.4 Effet of water cement ratio (Abram'slaw, effect of porosity and aggregate
size)

4.5 Effect of gel/spaceratio

4.6 Concrete maturity
4.7 Durability of concrete: Physical and chemicalcause of deterioration, effect

of water and permeability, sulphate attack, attack by sea water,, alkali silica
reaction (AARIASR), chloride ion penetration, carbonation, corrosion of
steel in concrete

Testing of Concrete, Quality Assurance and QualityControl (5 hours)

5.1 Strength of concrete (Tensile, compressive,shear and bond strength)

5.2 Compressive strength test

5.3 Tensile strength test (Direct, splitting and flexural)

5.4 Acceptance criteria
5.5 Non-destructive tests (Schmidtrebound hammer test, ultrasonic pulse

velocity test, and resistivity test)

5.6 Quality assurance and quality control; Testing and monitoring

SpecialTypes of Concretes (3 hours)

6.1 Light weight concrete (Aeratedconcrete, cellular concrete, no fines

concrete)
6.2 High density/heavy weight concrete (Self compacting concrete, ferro

cement concrete)

6.3 Fiber reinforced concrete (Steel fibers, glassfibers, carbon fibers, organic
fibers)
6.4 Self-healing concrete
6.5 High performanceconcrete(Highstrength concrete, abrasion resistant
Concrete)

6.6 Emerging concrete technologies

Practical (30hours)
1. Gradationand properties of aggregates
2 Nominal mix (IS code provision)

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3 Concrete mix design: IS code method, British code method, ACI method
A
Workability tests: Slump test, compaction factor test, Vee-Bee time test
5 Testing of concrete cubes,cylinders, and prisms etc.
6 Non-destructive testing (Schmidtrebound hammer test and ultrasonic pulse
velocity test)

Final Exam
The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be
as indicated in the table below:

Hours Mark distribution

Chapter
1 6 6
2
3 6
6 6
5
6 3
Total 30 30
"Theremay be minor deviation in marks distribution.

References
Neville, A.M. (2016). Properties of Concrete, (5th edition). Pearson
Education.

2. Shetty,M. S. (2006). Concrete Technology.S.Chand & Co.

3. M. L. Gambhir, (2017),Concrete Technology.Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishers.
4. Mehta P. K., Monteiro J. M. (2014). Concrete:Micro structure, Properties
and Materials. McGraw Hill Publishers
5. IS 383:2016 Coarse and Fine Aggregate Specification for Concrete
Specification
6. IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete -Codeof Practice
7 IS 10262:2019 Concrete Mix Proportioning Guidelines
8. IS 2386 (Part 1, 3, 4)Methods of Test for Aggregates for Concrete
9. 516 (2021)Methods of Testsfor Strength of Concrete
IS
10 1199 Methods of Sampling and Analysis of Concrete
IS
11 IS 5816 Splitting Tensile Strength of Concrete Method of Test -
12 ACI 211.1-91: Standard for Normal
Co oeiecting Proportions
Maee
Heavy weight, and
13 BS 5328: Part 2: 1997, Concrete-Part 2: Methods for Specifying Concrete
Mixes.

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