Design Example 3.

1
A shear wall of length 5 m and thickness b = 300 mm is considered and subjected to the following
forces (table 1 below). The overall height of the shear wall is, H = 4m. Deign the shear wall using
C-25/30 and S-415 materials.

Section A-A
A H=4m A
b

L=5m
Figure 3.3: Bar belled reinforced concrete wall

Table 3.1: Forces considered for design of shear wall

Loading Axial Load, P (P) Moment, M (KNm) Shear Force, V (KN)
DL+LL 2500 1000 80
EQ 400 6000 900

Solution:
Step 1: Material Properties
For C-30 Concrete:
γc = 1.5 for Class − I workmanship EBCS − 2 , Table 3.1, Page − 22
𝑁
𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 25
𝑚𝑚2
0.85𝑓𝑐𝑘 0.85 ∗ 25 𝑁
𝑓𝑐𝑑 = = = 14.17
𝛾𝑐 1.5 𝑚𝑚2
2 2
0.21(𝑓𝑐𝑘 )3 0.21(25)3 𝑁
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑑 = = = 1.197
𝛾𝑐 1.5 𝑚𝑚2
1 1
𝐸𝑐𝑚 = 9.5(𝑓𝑐𝑘 + 8)3 = 9.5(25 + 8)3 = 29 𝐺𝑝𝑎

Page 7 of 17
For S-460 Reinforcing Steel:
γc = 1.15 for Class − I workmanship EBCS − 2 , Table 3. , Page − 22
𝑁
𝑓𝑦𝑘 = 415
𝑚𝑚2
𝑓𝑦𝑘 415 𝑁
𝑓𝑦𝑑 = = = 360.87
𝛾𝑠 1.15 𝑚𝑚2
Step 2: Design Load Calculation
The load combinations that are used for the design according to EBCS:2-1995:
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 = 1.3𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝐿𝐿
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2 = 0.75 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 + 𝐸𝑄𝑋
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 3 = 0.75 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 − 𝐸𝑄𝑋
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 4 = 0.75 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 + 𝐸𝑄𝑌
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 5 = 0.75 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 − 𝐸𝑄𝑌
The calculated axial load, moment and shear force to be considered for the design by using the
above combinations are shown in the following table:

Table 2: Calculation of Axial load, Moment and shear force using load combinations
Load Combination Axial Load (KN) Moment (kNm) Shear Force (KN)
Combination 1 2500 1000 80
Combination 2 2275 6750 960
Combination 3 1475 -5250 -840
Combination 4 2275 6750 960
Combination 5 1475 -5250 -840

From the five load combinations the maximum values obtained are:
𝑁𝑠𝑑 = 2500 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑑 = 6750 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝑑 = 960 𝑘𝑁
Step 3: Determination of design eccentricity in both directions:
𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑒𝑎 + 𝑒0 + 𝑒2
Accidental (additional) eccentricity due to various imperfections:

Page 8 of 17
 𝐻𝑒
𝑒𝑎 = ≥ 20 𝑚𝑚, 𝐸𝐵𝐶𝑆 2 − 1995 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 4.4.3
300
Where; He = is the effective buckling length of the wall. Assuming the top end of the shear wall to
be simply supported, 𝐻𝑒 = 0.7𝐻; where H = height of wall
𝐻𝑒 = 0.7𝐻 = 0.7 ∗ 4 = 2.8 𝑚
2800
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑒𝑎 = = 9.33 𝑚𝑚 < 20 𝑚𝑚 ∴ 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑒𝑎 = 20 𝑚𝑚
300
Step 4: Determination of design eccentricity in L direction:
First order eccentricity:
𝑀𝑑 6750
𝑒0 = = = 2.7 𝑚 = 2700 𝑚𝑚
𝑁𝑠𝑑 2500
Second order eccentricity:
Checking the slenderness of the wall: A wall may be considered as short walls when the ratio of
its effective height to its thickness does not exceed 7. Otherwise it shall be considered slender.
𝐻𝑒
≤ 7 𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙
𝑏
𝐻𝑒
> 7 𝑆𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑙
𝑏
Where He = is the effective height of the wall.
The effective height of reinforced concrete walls in non-sway mode is given by: 𝐻𝑒 = 𝛽𝐻
Effective height of the wall:
Where: H = is the story height of the wall
β = is the coefficient which is determined from the following equation.

1.00 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑒𝑑𝑔𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑

1
≥ 0.3, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑒𝑑𝑔𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑
𝑙
1+
(3𝑙)2
𝛽= 1
,ℎ > 𝑙
ℎ
(2 )
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑒𝑑𝑔𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 = 𝑙
1
,ℎ ≤ 𝑙
{ {1 + 𝑙/(3𝑙)2
Where: b is the width of the wall measured center-to-center of the bracing walls, or width measured
from the center of a bracing wall to the free edge.
Page 9 of 17
In our case the wall is bar belled type i.e. the wall is restrained in with two edges with walls on
each edge and hence 𝛽 = 1.00.
𝐻𝑒 = 𝛽𝐻 = 1(4) = 4 𝑚
𝐻𝑒 4000
= = 13.33 > 7, ∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟.
𝑏 300
Since the wall is slender, second order effect should be taken into account.
𝐿𝑒 2
𝑒2 = 0.4𝑏 ( ) , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑏 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙.
10𝑏
In our case, the thickness of the wall is b = 300 mm
𝐿𝑒 2 2800 2
𝑒2 = 0.4𝑏 ( ) = 0.4(300) ( ) = 104.53 𝑚𝑚
10𝑏 10 ∗ 300
𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑒𝑎 + 𝑒0 + 𝑒2 = 20 𝑚𝑚 + 2700 𝑚𝑚 + 104.53 𝑚𝑚 = 2824.53 𝑚𝑚
Relative eccentricity:
The relative eccentricity, for a given direction, is the ratio of the total eccentricity, allowing for
initial eccentricity and second-order effects in that direction, to the wall width in the same
direction.
𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 2824.53
𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑙 = = = 0.56
𝐿 5000
Step 4: Determination of design eccentricity in B-direction:
First order eccentricity: no moment is carried in this direction as it is carried by the perpendicular
walls, Md = 0
First order eccentricity:
𝑀𝑑
𝑒0 = =0
𝑁𝑠𝑑
Second order eccentricity:
𝐿𝑒 2 2800 2
𝑒2 = 0.4𝑏 ( ) = 0.4(300) ( ) = 104.53 𝑚𝑚
10𝑏 10 ∗ 300
𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑒𝑎 + 𝑒0 + 𝑒2 = 20 𝑚𝑚 + 0 + 104.53 𝑚𝑚 = 124.86 𝑚𝑚
Relative eccentricity:
The relative eccentricity, for a given direction, is the ratio of the total eccentricity, allowing for
initial eccentricity and second-order effects in that direction, to the column width in the same
direction.

Page 10 of 17
 𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 124.86 𝑚𝑚
𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑙 = = = 0.415
𝑏 300 𝑚𝑚
Equivalent eccentricity: eeq
𝑒𝑒𝑞 = 𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 (1 + 𝑘𝛼)
Where;
𝑒𝑒𝑞 = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑘 = 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜.
𝛼 = is obtained from table 4.1 of EBCS: 2-/1995(which is given below) as a function of the relative
normal Force,
𝑁𝑠𝑑
𝑣=
𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ 𝐴𝑐

Table 3.2: Function of the Relative normal force

v 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 ≥1.0
α 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.5

Relative eccentricity ratio: The eccentricity ratio, for a given direction, is the ratio of the total
eccentricity, allowing for initial eccentricity and second-order effects in that direction, to the
column width in the same direction.
𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑦 0.415
𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜, 𝑘 = = = 0.734
𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑦 0.565
2500 𝑘𝑁
𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒, 𝑣 = = 0.1176 ≥ 1
(14.17 ∗ 10)2 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 (0.3 ∗ 0.5)
Therefore, v = 0.1176
𝑒𝑒𝑞 = 𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 (1 + 𝑘𝛼)
Where;
𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = is total eccentricity in the direction of the larger relative eccentricity; 𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 2824.53 𝑚𝑚

𝑒𝑒𝑞 = 𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑡 (1 + 𝑘𝛼) = 2824.53(1 + (0.734)(0.7176)) = 4312.26 𝑚𝑚

Design moment calculation:
Design moment, 𝑀𝑠𝑑 = 𝑒𝑒𝑞 ∗ 𝑁𝑠𝑑

Page 11 of 17
 𝑀𝑠𝑑 = (4.31226 𝑚)(2500 𝑘𝑁) = 10780.65 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
Step 7: Designing vertical reinforcements
 The area of vertical reinforcement shall not be less than 0.004Ac, nor more than 0.04Ac.
The upper limit shall be observed even where bars overlap.
 The diameter of vertical bars shall not be less than 8 mm.
 The spacing of vertical bars shall not exceed twice the wall thickness nor 300 mm.
Area of reinforcement
𝜔𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝐴𝐶
𝐴𝑆 =
𝑓𝑦𝑑

𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝜔 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝜈 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜇 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠

𝑀𝑠𝑑
𝜇= 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝐴𝐶 ℎ
𝑀𝑠𝑑 10780.65𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝜇= = = 0.1014
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝐴𝐶 ℎ (14.17 ∗ 103 𝑘𝑁) (0.3𝑚)(5𝑚)(5𝑚)
𝑚2
𝑑
𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝜈 = 1.176 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜇 = 0.1014 , 𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 = 0.05
ℎ
From uni-axial chart number-6 the value of lies under the curve with, so provide minimum
reinforcement.
Check for the limiting values:
For vertical reinforcement the code provides the following limiting values, as discussed in the
previous section.
Amin = 0.004 Ac = 0.004(300mm) (5000mm) =6000mm2
Amax = 0.04Ac = 0.04(300mm) (5000mm) = 60,000mm2
𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 600 𝑚𝑚2
Assume Ø14mm vertical reinforcements are going to be used:
𝜋𝐷2 𝜋(14)2
𝑎𝑆 = = = 153.93 𝑚𝑚2
4 4
ℎ𝑎𝑆
𝑆=
𝐴𝑆
Using two layer of bars.

Page 12 of 17
 𝐴𝑆,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 6000 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑆 = = = 3000 𝑚𝑚2
2 2
ℎ𝑎𝑆 5000 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 153.93 𝑚𝑚
𝑆= = = 256.56 ≈ 250 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑆 3000 𝑚𝑚2
2𝑏 = 2 ∗ 300 = 600 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 ≤ { ∴ 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 300 𝑚𝑚
300 𝑚𝑚
Therfore, provide ∅14𝑚𝑚 vertical bars @ c/c 250 mm.
Step 8: Designing of shear reinforcements
Check for the diagonal compression failure of concrete, VRD:
Section resistance;
𝑉𝑅𝐷 = 0.25𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 = 0.25 ∗ 14.17 ∗ 300 ∗ 4750 = 5048.06 𝑘𝑁 ≥ 𝑉𝑑 = 960 𝑘𝑁 𝑂𝐾!
Note here that if VRD is less than Vd (i.e, VRD < Vd) the possible measures are:
 Increase the grade of concrete:
 Increase the cross-section (as it is barbell type shear wall i.e. fixed in the two edges it
means increasing the thickness of the wall).

Check the section capacity, VC:

For members subjected to significant axial compression: EBCS-2/1995 Section 4.5.3.2

𝑉𝐶 = 0.25𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑑 𝑘1 𝑘2 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 + 𝑉𝑐𝑛

𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑉𝑐𝑛 = 0.10 𝑁
𝐴𝐶 𝑠𝑑

𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑑 = 1.197 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝑘1 = 1.6 − 𝑑 ≥ 1, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑑 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑚

𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑑′

𝑑′
𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 = 0.05, 𝑑 ′ = 0.05ℎ = 0.05 ∗ 5000 = 250 𝑚𝑚
ℎ

𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑑 ′ = 5000 𝑚𝑚 − 250 𝑚𝑚 = 4750 𝑚𝑚

𝑘1 = 1.6 − 𝑑 = 1.6 − 4.57 = −2.97 ≥ 1 ∴ 𝒌𝟏 = 𝟏. 𝟎

Page 13 of 17
 𝑘2 = 1 + 50𝜌 ≤ 2.0

𝐴𝑠 6000 𝑚𝑚2
𝜌= = = 0.0042
𝑏𝑤 𝑑 (300 𝑚𝑚)(4750 𝑚𝑚)

𝑘2 = 1 + 50𝜌 = 1 + 50(0.0042) = 1.21 ≤ 2.0 ∴ 𝒌𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟏

𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑉𝐶 = 0.25𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑑 𝑘1 𝑘2 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 + 0.10 𝑁
𝐴𝐶 𝑠𝑑

300𝑚𝑚 ∗ 4750𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝐶 = 0.25 ∗ 1.197 ∗ 1 ∗ 1.21 ∗ 300 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 4750 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 10−3 + 0.10 ( ) ∗ 2500 𝑘𝑁
300𝑚𝑚 ∗ 5000𝑚𝑚

𝑉𝐶 = 753.42 𝑘𝑁 < 𝑉𝑑 = 960 𝑘𝑁

So, design for shear reinforcement EBCS provision for area of shear reinforcement (horizontal
reinforcement), According to section 6.2.1.2 of EBCS-2

Design for horizontal shear forces in the plane of the wall shall be in accordance with provisions
for beams give on EBCS 2/1995 section 4.5.3

Sections located closer to the base than a distance or, whichever is less, be designed for the

shear at . Or

The area of horizontal reinforcement shall not be less than one-half of the vertical reinforcement

Spacing of shear reinforcement:

𝐴𝑉 𝑑𝑓𝑦𝑑
𝑆= , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑆 = 𝑉𝑑 − 𝑉𝑐 … . 𝐸𝐵𝐶𝑆2 − 1995 − 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 4.5.4(4)
𝑉𝑆

2𝑏
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 ≤ {
300𝑚𝑚

The horizontal reinforcement shall enclose the vertical reinforcement. The horizontal bars shall
enclose and be tied to the vertical bars so as to form rigid mat.

𝑉𝑑 = 960 𝑘𝑁

𝑏 300 𝐿 5000
= = 150 𝑚𝑚 < = = 2500 𝑚𝑚
2 2 2 2

Page 14 of 17
Position of Vc = 515.98 kN, using similarity of triangles will be;

515.98 𝑘𝑁 960 𝑘𝑁
= ∴ 𝑥 = 2149.92 𝑚𝑚
𝑥 4000 𝑚𝑚

Fig 3.4: SFD of the Shear wall

Fig 3.5: Critical Section and SFD of the Shear Wall

Page 15 of 17
At the critical point (@ 150 mm from the base), the design shear using similarity of triangles will
be:

𝑉𝑑 960 𝑘𝑁
= ∴ 𝑉𝑑 = 924 𝑘𝑁
(4000 𝑚𝑚 − 150 𝑚𝑚) 4000 𝑚𝑚

Remember here that the critical section for beam is at d distance from the face of the column or
support. Similarly, the distribution of shear reinforcements in this wall is as follows.

For region between x = 0 and x = 150mm, design for shear at x = 150 mm, (Vd = 924 kN). Assume
Ø8mm shear reinforcements are going to be used:

𝜋𝐷2 𝜋(8)2
𝑎𝑆 = = = 50.26 𝑚𝑚2
4 4

2𝑏 = 2 ∗ 300 = 600 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 ≤ { ∴ 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 300 𝑚𝑚
300𝑚𝑚

𝑉𝑆 = 𝑉𝑑 − 𝑉𝑐 = 924 𝑘𝑁 − 753.42 𝑘𝑁 = 170.58 𝑘𝑁

2 𝑁
𝐴𝑉 𝑑𝑓𝑦𝑑 (50.26 𝑚𝑚 )(4750 𝑚𝑚) (360.87 𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑆= = = 505.06 𝑚𝑚 > 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 300 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝑆 170.58 ∗ 103 𝑁

∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅8𝑚𝑚 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 @𝑐/𝑐 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 300 𝑚𝑚.

For region between x=150mm to x= (4000mm – 2149.92 mm) = 1850. 08 mm Vd = 924 KN

Similarly using Ø8mm shear reinforcements: 𝑎𝑆 = 50.26 𝑚𝑚2

2𝑏 = 2 ∗ 300 = 600 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 ≤ { ∴ 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 300 𝑚𝑚
300𝑚𝑚

𝑉𝑆 = 𝑉𝑑 − 𝑉𝑐 = 924 𝑘𝑁 − 753.42 𝑘𝑁 = 170.58 𝑘𝑁

2 𝑁
𝐴𝑉 𝑑𝑓𝑦𝑑 (50.26 𝑚𝑚 )(4750 𝑚𝑚) (360.87 𝑚𝑚2 )
𝑆= = = 505.06 𝑚𝑚 > 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 300 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝑆 170.58 ∗ 103 𝑁

∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅8𝑚𝑚 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 @𝑐/𝑐 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 300 𝑚𝑚.

For region between x = 2149.92mm to x = 4000mm, provide minimum shear reinforcement as Vd

≤ Vc.

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 2𝑏 = 2 ∗ 300 = 600 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 ≤ { ∴ 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 300 𝑚𝑚
300𝑚𝑚

∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅8𝑚𝑚 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 @𝑐/𝑐 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 300 𝑚𝑚.

Step 10: Reinforcement Detailing

Fig 3.6: Reinforcement detailing of the reinforced concrete shear wall

Page 17 of 17