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1-Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Optimization Based Adaptive-1

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9 views

1-Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Optimization Based Adaptive-1

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Mohamed
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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing (2022) 13:3643–3654

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-020-02121-9

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Cooperative spectrum sensing optimization based adaptive


neuro‑fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in cognitive radio networks
M. Mourad Mabrook1 · Hussein A. Taha2 · Aziza I. Hussein3

Received: 26 October 2019 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 / Published online: 5 June 2020
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract
The tremendous growth of the wireless communications and their applications stimulate the urgent need to keep on the
available radio spectrum. As a result, cognitive radio (CR) technologies are proposed and developed to manage the limita-
tion of the available spectrum by methods of sensing and sharing the free channels. Wideband spectrum sensing algorithms
have a great impact of detecting the vacant channels of the whole spectrum simultaneously. Cooperative sensing techniques
are introduced based on sharing users’ sensing outcomes among other users. Therefore, it represents an efficient method to
overcome signal shadowing and fading problems. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are considered to improve
the quality of service (QoS) parameters in cognitive radio networks. In this paper, an adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy interference
system (ANFIS) algorithm is proposed in the process of decision-making to detect the optimal and accurate free channels.
ANFIS model is trained with some pertinent features over a Music-like channel power level ­(PMU(k)), channel identity
number (k), and channel repetition number. Consequently, the second stage is introduced by applying ANFIS technique
on the adaptive blind cooperative wideband spectrum sensing basis to select the optimum required number of cooperative
users with increasing performance based on the detected signal to noise ratio (SNR) level per secondary user. Simulation is
based on Simulink of five users with different SNR due to fading and shadowing problems. Simulation results proved that,
the proposed technique based on cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm with ANFIS model for detection outperformed
other traditional detection techniques.

Keywords Wideband spectrum sensing · Cognitive radio · ANFIS model · Adaptive multi-coset sampling · Cooperative
sensing

1 Introduction spectrum (Mabrook and Hussein 2015). The cognitive cycle


functionalities consists mainly of the following processes;
In recent times, great attention has been received for cogni- spectrum sensing, spectrum management, spectrum sharing
tive radio technologies as a pioneer and efficient method and spectrum mobility algorithms (Akyildiz et al. 2009).
to perfectly utilize the unused portions of the available Spectrum sensing process, which is defined as the process
of sensing the available free channels within the whole avail-
* M. Mourad Mabrook able spectrum, is considered as the cornerstone process in
[email protected] CR networks.
Hussein A. Taha Spectrum sensing techniques are classified according to
[email protected] various categories; the first category is mainly based on fre-
Aziza I. Hussein quency domain or time domain approach. The other category
[email protected] concerning the necessity of spectrum sensing approach (Ali
and Hamouda 2017). Spectrum sensing can also be classified
1
Space Communication Department, Faculty of NSST, according to a narrowband or wideband spectrum sensing
Beni-Suef University, Beni‑Suef, Egypt
techniques (Akyildiz et al. 2011). It is observed that, narrow-
2
Electrical Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sohag band spectrum sensing can only detect the availability of one
University, Sohag, Egypt
channel of the spectrum at once. Therefore, the sensed chan-
3
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Effat nel either refers to the presence of primary channel [­ H1],
University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

13
Vol.:(0123456789)

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