Set 3

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

(1 mark each)

1. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that every integer greater than 1 is either a
prime number or can be expressed as a product of: a) Prime numbers
b) Composite numbers
c) Rational numbers
d) Irrational numbers
Answer: a

2. The zeros of the polynomial x2−5x+6x^2 - 5x + 6x2−5x+6 are: a) 2 and 3

b) 1 and 6
c) -1 and -6
d) 0 and 6
Answer: a

3. For the pair of equations 2x+y=52x + y = 52x+y=5 and x−y=3x - y = 3x−y=3, the solution is: a)
(2, 1)
b) (1, 2)
c) (3, 2)
d) (2, 3)
Answer: a

4. The sum of the roots of x2+4x+3=0x^2 + 4x + 3 = 0x2+4x+3=0 is: a) -3

b) 4
c) 3
d) -4
Answer: d

5. The nth term of the arithmetic progression 3, 7, 11, ... is given by: a) 3+(n−1)×43 + (n - 1) \
times 43+(n−1)×4
b) 4+(n−1)×34 + (n - 1) \times 34+(n−1)×3
c) 3+(n−1)×33 + (n - 1) \times 33+(n−1)×3
d) 7+(n−1)×47 + (n - 1) \times 47+(n−1)×4
Answer: a

6. The distance between the points (1, 2) and (4, 6) is: a) 5

b) 4
c) 6
d) 7
Answer: a

7. If a line divides two sides of a triangle in the ratio 2:3, then it is: a) Parallel to the third side
b) Perpendicular to the third side
c) Not parallel to the third side
d) None of the above
Answer: a
8. The length of the tangent drawn from a point 13 cm away from the center of a circle with
radius 5 cm is: a) 12 cm
b) 14 cm
c) 13 cm
d) 15 cm
Answer: a

9. In a right triangle with one angle 45°, if the hypotenuse is 10 cm, the length of each leg is: a)
525\sqrt{2}52 cm
b) 5 cm
c) 10 cm
d) 535\sqrt{3}53 cm
Answer: a

10. The area of a sector with a radius 7 cm and a central angle of 120° is: a) 49π49\pi49π
b) 49π3\frac{49\pi}{3}349π
c) 49π2\frac{49\pi}{2}249π
d) 49π6\frac{49\pi}{6}649π
Answer: d

11. The volume of a sphere with radius 3 cm is: a) 27π27\pi27π

b) 36π36\pi36π
c) 81π81\pi81π
d) 9π9\pi9π
Answer: a

12. The mean of the following data: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 is: a) 15
b) 18
c) 20
d) 25
Answer: a

13. The probability of drawing a red card from a standard deck of 52 cards is: a) 12\frac{1}{2}21
b) 14\frac{1}{4}41
c) 113\frac{1}{13}131
d) 152\frac{1}{52}521
Answer: a

14. The surface area of a cube with side length 4 cm is: a) 64 cm²
b) 96 cm²
c) 48 cm²
d) 16 cm²
Answer: b

15. If sin⁡A=12\sin A = \frac{1}{2}sinA=21, then cos⁡A\cos AcosA is: a) 32\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}23

b) 12\frac{1}{2}21
c) 22\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}22
d) 52\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}25
Answer: a
 16. In a triangle, if two angles are 30° and 60°, then the third angle is: a) 90°
b) 60°
c) 45°
d) 120°
Answer: a

17. The standard form of the quadratic equation 2x2−4x+1=02x^2 - 4x + 1 = 02x2−4x+1=0 is: a)
a=2,b=−4,c=1a = 2, b = -4, c = 1a=2,b=−4,c=1
b) a=−2,b=4,c=1a = -2, b = 4, c = 1a=−2,b=4,c=1
c) a=2,b=4,c=−1a = 2, b = 4, c = -1a=2,b=4,c=−1
d) a=1,b=−2,c=1a = 1, b = -2, c = 1a=1,b=−2,c=1
Answer: a

18. The point (3, 4) lies on the line: a) y=2x+1y = 2x + 1y=2x+1

b) y=x+1y = x + 1y=x+1
c) y=3x+2y = 3x + 2y=3x+2
d) y=4x−2y = 4x - 2y=4x−2
Answer: b

19. Assertion (A): A quadratic equation can have at most two distinct real roots.
Reason (R): The discriminant of a quadratic equation determines the number of real roots.
a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
d) Assertion is false but reason is true.
Answer: a

20. Assertion (A): The area of a sector is proportional to its central angle.
Reason (R): The area of a sector is given by θ360×πr2\frac{\theta}{360} \times \pi r^2360θ
×πr2.
a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
d) Assertion is false but reason is true.
Answer: a

Section B: Very Short Answer (VSA)

(2 marks each)

21. Find the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation x2−7x+10=0x^2 - 7x + 10 = 0x2−7x+10=0.

Answer:
Sum of the roots:

−−71=7-\frac{-7}{1} = 7−1−7=7

22. Find the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle with legs of lengths 6 cm and 8 cm.

Answer:
Using Pythagoras’ theorem:
Hypotenuse=62+82=36+64=100=10 cm\text{Hypotenuse} = \sqrt{6^2 + 8^2} = \sqrt{36 + 64} = \
sqrt{100} = 10 \text{ cm}Hypotenuse=62+82=36+64=100=10 cm

23. Find the midpoint of the line segment joining the points (2, -3) and (4, 1).

Answer:
Midpoint:

(2+42,−3+12)=(3,−1)\left(\frac{2 + 4}{2}, \frac{-3 + 1}{2}\right) = (3, -1)(22+4,2−3+1)=(3,−1)

24. Find the area of a circle with radius 7 cm.

Answer:

Area=πr2=π×72=49π cm2\text{Area} = \pi r^2 = \pi \times 7^2 = 49\pi \

text{ cm}^2Area=πr2=π×72=49π cm2

25. Find the mean of the following grouped data:

Class Intervals: 10-20, 20-30, 30-40
Frequencies: 5, 10, 15

Answer:
Total number of observations = 5+10+15=305 + 10 + 15 = 305+10+15=30.
Median class is 30-40.
Mean:

Mean=∑(f⋅x)Total frequency\text{Mean} = \frac{\sum (f \cdot x)}{\text{Total

frequency}}Mean=Total frequency∑(f⋅x) =(15×35)+(10×25)+(5×15)30=525+250+7530=30= \frac{(15 \
times 35) + (10 \times 25) + (5 \times 15)}{30} = \frac{525 + 250 + 75}{30} =
30=30(15×35)+(10×25)+(5×15)=30525+250+75=30

Section C: Short Answer (SA)

(3 marks each)

26. Solve the quadratic equation x2−4x−5=0x^2 - 4x - 5 = 0x2−4x−5=0 by factorization.

Answer:
Factorizing:

x2−4x−5=(x−5)(x+1)=0x^2 - 4x - 5 = (x - 5)(x + 1) = 0x2−4x−5=(x−5)(x+1)=0

Roots:

x=5, x=−1x = 5, \; x = -1x=5,x=−1

27. Find the common difference of the arithmetic progression 2, 6, 10, 14, ...

Answer:
Common difference:

6−2=46 - 2 = 46−2=4

28. Find the equation of the line passing through (2, 3) and (4, 7).
Answer:
Slope mmm:

m=7−34−2=2m = \frac{7 - 3}{4 - 2} = 2m=4−27−3=2

Equation of the line:

y−3=2(x−2) ⟹ y=2x−1y - 3 = 2(x - 2) \implies y = 2x - 1y−3=2(x−2)⟹y=2x−1

29. Find the roots of the quadratic equation 2x2−4x−6=02x^2 - 4x - 6 = 02x2−4x−6=0 using the
quadratic formula.

Answer:
Using the quadratic formula:

x=−b±b2−4ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}x=2a−b±b2−4ac x=4±16+484=4±644=4±84x = \

frac{4 \pm \sqrt{16 + 48}}{4} = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{64}}{4} = \frac{4 \pm 8}{4}x=44±16+48=44±64=44±8
x=3 or x=−1x = 3 \text{ or } x = -1x=3 or x=−1

30. Find the area of the segment of a circle with radius 5 cm and central angle 60°.

Answer:
Area of the sector:

Area of sector=60360×π×52=16×25π=25π6\text{Area of sector} = \frac{60}{360} \times \pi \times

5^2 = \frac{1}{6} \times 25\pi = \frac{25\pi}{6}Area of sector=36060×π×52=61×25π=625π

Area of the triangle:

Area of triangle=12×5×5×sin⁡60∘=2534\text{Area of triangle} = \frac{1}{2} \times 5 \times 5 \times \

sin 60^\circ = \frac{25 \sqrt{3}}{4}Area of triangle=21×5×5×sin60∘=4253

Area of the segment:

Area of segment=25π6−2534\text{Area of segment} = \frac{25\pi}{6} - \frac{25 \sqrt{3}}

{4}Area of segment=625π−4253

31. Find the sum of the first 10 terms of the arithmetic progression 5, 10, 15, ...

Answer:
Common difference d=5d = 5d=5
First term a=5a = 5a=5
Number of terms n=10n = 10n=10
Sum of nnn terms:

Sn=n2[2a+(n−1)d]=102[2×5+9×5]=5[10+45]=275S_n = \frac{n}{2} [2a + (n - 1)d] = \frac{10}{2} [2 \

times 5 + 9 \times 5] = 5 [10 + 45] = 275Sn=2n[2a+(n−1)d]=210[2×5+9×5]=5[10+45]=275

Section D: Long Answer (LA)

(5 marks each)

32. Prove that the lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.
Answer:
Let PPP be an external point from which tangents PAPAPA and PBPBPB are drawn to the circle with
center OOO and radius rrr.

text{Let } PA = PBLet PA=PB In △OPA and △OPB:\text{In } \triangle OPA \text{ and } \triangle
PA and PB are tangentsPA \text{ and } PB \text{ are tangents}PA and PB are tangents Let PA=PB\

OPB:In △OPA and △OPB: OP=OP (common)OP = OP \text{ (common)}OP=OP (common)

∠OPA=∠OPB=90∘ (tangent perpendicular to radius)\angle OPA = \angle OPB = 90^\circ \
text{ (tangent perpendicular to radius)}∠OPA=∠OPB=90∘ (tangent perpendicular to radius)

circle)}OA=OB (radii of the same circle) △OPA≅△OPB (RHS congruence)\triangle OPA \cong \
OA=OB (radii of the same circle)OA = OB \text{ (radii of the same

triangle OPB \text{ (RHS congruence)}△OPA≅△OPB (RHS congruence) Thus, PA=PB\text{Thus, } PA =

PBThus, PA=PB

33. Solve the following system of linear equations using the elimination method:
3x+4y=53x + 4y = 53x+4y=5
2x−y=12x - y = 12x−y=1

Answer:
Multiply the second equation by 4:

8x−4y=48x - 4y = 48x−4y=4

Add to the first equation:

(3x+4y)+(8x−4y)=5+4(3x + 4y) + (8x - 4y) = 5 + 4(3x+4y)+(8x−4y)=5+4 11x=9 ⟹ x=91111x = 9 \

implies x = \frac{9}{11}11x=9⟹x=119

Substitute xxx in 2x−y=12x - y = 12x−y=1:

2×911−y=12 \times \frac{9}{11} - y = 12×119−y=1 y=1811−1=711y = \frac{18}{11} - 1 = \frac{7}

{11}y=1118−1=117

Solution: (911,711)\left(\frac{9}{11}, \frac{7}{11}\right)(119,117)

34. Prove that if two triangles have their corresponding angles equal, then their corresponding
sides are proportional.

Given: ∠A=∠D\angle A = \angle D∠A=∠D, ∠B=∠E\angle B = \angle E∠B=∠E, ∠C=∠F\angle C = \

Answer:

angle F∠C=∠F
To prove: ABDE=BCEF=CAFD\frac{AB}{DE} = \frac{BC}{EF} = \frac{CA}{FD}DEAB=EFBC=FDCA
By AA similarity criterion:

△ABC∼△DEF\triangle ABC \sim \triangle DEF△ABC∼△DEF Thus, ABDE=BCEF=CAFD\text{Thus, } \

frac{AB}{DE} = \frac{BC}{EF} = \frac{CA}{FD}Thus, DEAB=EFBC=FDCA

35. The sum of the first 15 terms of an arithmetic progression is 255. Find the first term and the
common difference if the 10th term is 20.

Answer:
Let the first term be aaa and common difference be ddd.
Sum of nnn terms:
⟹ 2a+14d=3415 [2a + 14d] = 510 \implies 2a + 14d = 3415[2a+14d]=510⟹2a+14d=34
S15=152[2a+14d]=255S_{15} = \frac{15}{2} [2a + 14d] = 255S15=215[2a+14d]=255 15[2a+14d]=510

The 10th term:

a+9d=20a + 9d = 20a+9d=20

Solve the system:

2a+14d=342a + 14d = 342a+14d=34 a+9d=20a + 9d = 20a+9d=20

Multiply the second equation by 2:

2a+18d=402a + 18d = 402a+18d=40

Subtract:

−4d=−6 ⟹ d=32-4d = -6 \implies d = \frac{3}{2}−4d=−6⟹d=23

Substitute ddd:

a+9×32=20 ⟹ a=20−13.5=6.5a + 9 \times \frac{3}{2} = 20 \implies a = 20 - 13.5 = 6.5a+9×23

=20⟹a=20−13.5=6.5

Thus, a=6.5a = 6.5a=6.5 and d=32d = \frac{3}{2}d=23.

Section E: Case Study-Based Integrated Questions

(4 marks each)

36. Case Study:

A cylindrical tank has a radius of 5 meters and height of 10 meters. Find its surface area and
volume.

Answer:
Volume:

Volume=πr2h=π×52×10=250π≈785.4 m3\text{Volume} = \pi r^2 h = \pi \times 5^2 \times 10 = 250\pi

\approx 785.4 \text{ m}^3Volume=πr2h=π×52×10=250π≈785.4 m3

Surface Area:

Surface Area=2πr(h+r)=2π×5×(10+5)=150π≈471.2 m2\text{Surface Area} = 2\pi r(h + r) = 2\pi \times

5 \times (10 + 5) = 150\pi \approx 471.2 \
text{ m}^2Surface Area=2πr(h+r)=2π×5×(10+5)=150π≈471.2 m2

37. Case Study:

A rectangular garden has a length of 12 meters and width of 8 meters. A path of uniform
width xxx meters surrounds the garden. If the total area including the path is 288 square
meters, find xxx.

Answer:
Area including the path:

(12+2x)(8+2x)=288(12 + 2x)(8 + 2x) = 288(12+2x)(8+2x)=288

Expanding:

96+40x+4x2=288 ⟹ 4x2+40x−192=096 + 40x + 4x^2 = 288 \implies 4x^2 + 40x - 192 =

096+40x+4x2=288⟹4x2+40x−192=0 x2+10x−48=0x^2 + 10x - 48 = 0x2+10x−48=0

Solving:

x=−10±102+4×482=−10±142x = \frac{-10 \pm \sqrt{10^2 + 4 \times 48}}{2} = \frac{-10 \pm 14}

{2}x=2−10±102+4×48=2−10±14 x=2 (only positive value)x = 2 \text{ (only positive
value)}x=2 (only positive value)

38. Case Study:

A triangle has angles of 30°, 60°, and 90°. The hypotenuse is 12 cm. Find the length of the
other two sides.

Answer:
The sides opposite the 30° and 60° angles:

Opposite 30°=12×12=6 cm\text{Opposite 30°} = \frac{1}{2} \times 12 = 6 \text{ cm}Opposite 30°=21

×12=6 cm Opposite 60°=32×12=63 cm\text{Opposite 60°} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \times 12 = 6\sqrt{3} \
text{ cm}Opposite 60°=23×12=63 cm