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Pcal Tutorial 04

Uploaded by

prakharb906
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CHO103 PROCESS CALCULATIONS

TUTORIAL 04: MATERIAL BALANCE IN REACTIVE SYSTEMS

4.1 Consider the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene

𝐶3 𝐻8 → 𝐶3 𝐻6 + 𝐻2
The single pass conversion of propane in the reactor is 40 mol%. The product molar flow rate n5 is 50
mol/h. Calculate the molar flow rates n1, n2, n3, n4, and n6.

4.2 Methanol is produced by reacting CO and H2. A fresh feed stream containing CO and H2 joins a
recycle stream and the combined stream is fed to a reactor. The reactor outlet stream flows at a rate
of 350 mol/min and contains 9.5 mol% CH3OH, 27.4 mol% CO, and 63.1 mol% H2. This stream enters a
cooler in which most of the methanol is condensed. The liquid methanol condensate is withdrawn as
a product, and the gas stream leaving the condenser – which contains CO, H2 and 0.4 mol%
uncondensed CH3OH vapour – is the recycle stream which combines with the fresh feed. Determine
(i) the molar flow rates of CO and H2 in the fresh feed, (ii) the production rate of liquid methanol, and
(iii) the single pass and overall conversion of CO.
4.3 A reactor is used to produce CH3Cl from methane and the following reactions occur

𝐶𝐻4 + 𝐶𝑙2 → 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻𝐶𝑙


𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑙 + 𝐶𝑙2 → 𝐶𝐻2 𝐶𝑙2 + 𝐻𝐶𝑙
A gas stream containing 80 mol% methane and the balance chlorine is fed to the reactor. In the
reactor a single-pass chlorine conversion of 100% is attained, the molar ratio of CH3Cl to CH2Cl2 in
the product is 5:1. The product stream flows to the condenser. Two streams emerge from the
condenser: the liquid condensate, which contains all the CH3Cl and CH2Cl2 in the reactor effluent,
and a gas containing the CH4 and HCl. The condensate goes to the distillation column in which the
two component species are separated. The gas leaving the condenser flows to the absorption
column where it contacts an aqueous solution. The solution absorbs all the HCl and none of the CH4.
Methane is recycled to join the fresh feed and the combined stream is fed to the reactor. Choose
100 mol/h of reactor feed as a basis of calculation. Calculate the molar flow rate of methane in the
fresh feed, molar flow rate of Cl2 in the fresh feed, the rate at which HCl must be removed in the
absorber, the CH3Cl production rate, and the molar flow rate of the recycle stream.

4.4 Methanol is synthesized from CO and H2 in a catalytic reactor. The fresh feed to the process
contains 32 mol% CO, 64 mol% H2, and 4 mol% N2. This stream is mixed with a recycle stream in a ratio
5 mol recycle/mol fresh feed to produce the feed to the reactor, which contains 13 mol% N2. A low
single-pass conversion is attained in the reactor. The reactor effluent goes to a condenser from which
two streams emerge: a liquid product stream containing all the methanol formed in the reactor, and
a gas stream containing all the CO, H2, and N2 leaving the reactor. The gas stream is split into two
fractions: one is removed from the process as a purge stream, and the other is the recycle stream that
combines with the fresh feed to the reactor. Calculate the production rate of methanol (mol/h), the
molar flow rate and composition of the purge gas, and the overall and single-pass conversions.

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