oracle 11.

2 DataGuard 监控 SQL

datagaurd 数据库 alert 日志

view /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/standby/standby/trace/alert_standby.log

查看 datagaurd 主机文件系统使用情况(必需看)
[root@jymesdg ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 44G 18G 24G 44% /
tmpfs 16G 292K 16G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 34M 151M 19% /boot
/dev/sdb1 197G 95G 93G 51% /oradata
/dev/sdc1 99G 1.7G 92G 2% /archivelog

备用数据库查询重做数据传输和应用滞后(必需看)

SQL> set linesize 150;

set pagesize 20;
column name format a13;
column value format a20;
column unit format a30;
column TIME_COMPUTED format a30;
select name,value,unit,time_computed from v$dataguard_stats where name in ('transport lag','apply lag');

NAME VALUE UNIT TIME_COMPUTED

------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
transport lag +00 00:00:00 day(2) to second(0) interval 06/17/2014 08:35:23
apply lag +00 00:00:00 day(2) to second(0) interval 06/17/2014 08:35:23

其中："transport lag"的值表示主数据库到物理备库的重做数据传输落后时间，这里落后 3 秒。如果主数据库发生灾难，就要容忍损失 3 秒的数据。或者，如果想要执行切换，必须等到 3 秒。

"apply lag"的值表示应用重做数据时间，这里落后 6 秒。

备用数据库查询 V$MANAGED_STANDBY 视图验证重做状态(必需看)

SQL> set linesize 150;

set pagesize 200;
column PROCESS format a7;
column STATUS format a15;
column client_pid format a12;
column CLIENT_PROCESS format a12;
select pid,process,status,client_process,client_pid,
thread#,sequence# seq#,block#,blocks
from v$managed_standby;

PID PROCESS STATUS CLIENT_PROCE CLIENT_PID THREAD# SEQ# BLOCK# BLOCKS

---------- ------- --------------- ------------ ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
22764 ARCH CLOSING ARCH 22764 1 21 12288 902
22766 ARCH CONNECTED ARCH 22766 0 0 0 0
22768 ARCH CLOSING ARCH 22768 1 20 1 313
22770 ARCH CLOSING ARCH 22770 2 20 1 1
22772 ARCH CLOSING ARCH 22772 2 21 1 125
23396 RFS IDLE ARCH 31526 0 0 0 0
23383 RFS IDLE UNKNOWN 31536 0 0 0 0
23385 RFS IDLE UNKNOWN 31518 0 0 0 0
23392 RFS IDLE UNKNOWN 31530 0 0 0 0
23390 RFS IDLE LGWR 31544 1 22 274870 1
23418 RFS IDLE ARCH 22273 0 0 0 0
22914 MRP0 APPLYING_LOG N/A N/A 1 22 274870 1048576
23410 RFS IDLE UNKNOWN 22275 0 0 0 0

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 23412 RFS IDLE UNKNOWN 22201 0 0 0 0
23414 RFS IDLE LGWR 22287 2 22 104671 1

15 rows selected.
注：表明主数据库正在发送 1 号线程 22 号序列的重做日志。
MRP0 进程的状态不要出现 WAIT_FOR_GAP 的情况，如果出现，要检查原因并及时处理。

主备数据库查询 V$ARCHIVE_GAP 视图监控重做日志间隔(必需看)

SQL> select INST_ID,THREAD#,LOW_SEQUENCE#,HIGH_SEQUENCE# from gv$archive_gap;

no rows selected

注：正常情况下不会有返回结果。如果出现要及时处理。

主数据库中查询 V$LOG 视图，确认重做日志序列号(必需看)

SQL> select GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,ARCHIVED,STATUS from v$log;

GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS

---------- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
1 1 21 YES INACTIVE
2 1 22 NO CURRENT
3 1 19 YES INACTIVE
4 1 20 YES INACTIVE
5 2 21 YES INACTIVE
6 2 22 NO CURRENT
7 2 19 YES INACTIVE
8 2 20 YES INACTIVE

8 rows selected.

注意：备库正在应用的重做日志线程号和序列号差距不能过大。差距越大，延迟越大。

主备数据库查询 V$ARCHIVED_LOG 视图比较最大序列号确定重做传输延迟

SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';

select distinct RESETLOGS_TIME,RESETLOGS_ID from v$archived_log;

RESETLOGS_TIME RESETLOGS_ID
------------------- ------------
2014-06-16 08:53:39 850380819

SQL> select THREAD#,max(SEQUENCE#) from v$archived_log where RESETLOGS_ID='850380819' group by thread#;

THREAD# MAX(SEQUENCE#)
---------- --------------
1 21
2 21

注：每个线程的最大序列号不要出现很大的偏移量。

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主数据库查询尚未到达备用数据库目的地的归档日志

SQL> select l.THREAD#,l.SEQUENCE#

from (select THREAD#,SEQUENCE# from v$archived_log where dest_id=1) l
where l.SEQUENCE# not in (select SEQUENCE# from v$archived_log where dest_id=2 and THREAD#=l.THREAD#)
order by 1,2;

no rows selected

注：正常情况下不会有返回结果。如果出现表明传输重做日志有延迟，要及时处理。

备用数据库查询 V$RECOVERY_PROGRESS 视图检查重做日志应用率和活动率

SQL> set linesize 150;

column START_TIME format a20;
column ITEM format a20;
select to_char(START_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') START_TIME,ITEM,SOFAR
from v$recovery_progress
where item in('Active Apply Rate','Average Apply Rate','Redo Applied');

START_TIME ITEM SOFAR

-------------------- -------------------- ----------
2014-06-16 21:40:50 Active Apply Rate 766
2014-06-16 21:40:50 Average Apply Rate 36
2014-06-16 21:40:50 Redo Applied 1400

备用数据库查询 V$DATAGAURD_STATUS 视图

V$DATAGAURD_STATUS 视图标识了将错误信息写到警报日志文件和/或生成与错误有关的跟踪文件的事件。
SQL> set linesize 150;
set pagesize 100;
column SEVERITY format a13;
column message format a70;
column timestamp format a20;
select error_code,severity,message,to_char(timestamp,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') TIMESTAMP from v$dataguard_status
where callout='YES' and timestamp >sysdate-1;

ERROR_CODE SEVERITY MESSAGE TIMESTAMP

---------- ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------
0 Control Media Recovery Complete 2014-06-16 21:24:12
0 Control Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process 2014-06-16 21:40:45
0 Control MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started 2014-06-16 21:40:46
0 Control ARC2: Beginning to archive thread 1 sequence 17 (1408809-1554845) 2014-06-16 22:06:15
0 Control ARC2: Completed archiving thread 1 sequence 17 (0-0) 2014-06-16 22:06:29
0 Control ARC4: Beginning to archive thread 1 sequence 18 (1554845-1683022) 2014-06-16 22:12:03
0 Control ARC4: Completed archiving thread 1 sequence 18 (0-0) 2014-06-16 22:12:06
0 Control ARC2: Beginning to archive thread 1 sequence 19 (1683022-1805154) 2014-06-16 23:34:50
0 Control ARC2: Completed archiving thread 1 sequence 19 (0-0) 2014-06-16 23:34:50
0 Control ARC3: Beginning to archive thread 2 sequence 18 (1408812-1805152) 2014-06-16 23:34:51
0 Control ARC3: Completed archiving thread 2 sequence 18 (0-0) 2014-06-16 23:34:52
0 Control ARC2: Beginning to archive thread 1 sequence 20 (1805154-1805697) 2014-06-16 23:34:54
0 Control ARC2: Completed archiving thread 1 sequence 20 (0-0) 2014-06-16 23:34:54
0 Control ARC3: Beginning to archive thread 2 sequence 20 (1807823-1807828) 2014-06-16 23:36:43
0 Control ARC3: Completed archiving thread 2 sequence 20 (0-0) 2014-06-16 23:36:43
0 Control ARC4: Beginning to archive thread 2 sequence 21 (1807828-1808639) 2014-06-16 23:36:45
0 Control ARC4: Completed archiving thread 2 sequence 21 (0-0) 2014-06-16 23:36:45
0 Control ARC0: Beginning to archive thread 1 sequence 21 (1805697-1810066) 2014-06-16 23:36:48
0 Control ARC0: Completed archiving thread 1 sequence 21 (0-0) 2014-06-16 23:36:48

19 rows selected.

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备用数据库查询 V$STANDBY_LOG 视图确定接收到的最后 SCN

SQL> set linesize 150;

alter session set nls_date_format="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS";
select thread#,sequence#,last_change#,last_time from v$standby_log;

THREAD# SEQUENCE# LAST_CHANGE# LAST_TIME

---------- ---------- ------------ -------------------
1 0
1 22 1952252 2014-06-17 08:36:55
1 0
1 0
1 0
2 0
2 22 1952250 2014-06-17 08:36:55
2 0
2 0
2 0

10 rows selected.

备库查询归档日志应用情况

SQL> set pagesize 200;

alter session set nls_date_format='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';
SELECT THREAD#,APPLIED,SEQUENCE#, FIRST_TIME, NEXT_TIME FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;

THREAD# APPLIED SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME

---------- --------- ---------- ------------------- -------------------
1 YES 11 2014-06-16 12:26:23 2014-06-16 20:40:59
1 YES 12 2014-06-16 20:40:59 2014-06-16 20:41:04
2 YES 12 2014-06-16 12:26:23 2014-06-16 20:41:01
1 YES 13 2014-06-16 20:41:04 2014-06-16 20:41:07
2 YES 13 2014-06-16 20:41:01 2014-06-16 20:41:04
2 YES 14 2014-06-16 20:41:04 2014-06-16 20:41:10
1 YES 14 2014-06-16 20:41:07 2014-06-16 20:41:16
2 YES 15 2014-06-16 20:41:10 2014-06-16 20:41:13
1 YES 15 2014-06-16 20:41:16 2014-06-16 21:09:50
2 YES 16 2014-06-16 20:41:13 2014-06-16 21:09:49
1 YES 16 2014-06-16 21:09:50 2014-06-16 21:44:29
2 YES 17 2014-06-16 21:09:49 2014-06-16 21:44:29
1 YES 17 2014-06-16 21:44:29 2014-06-16 22:06:37
1 YES 18 2014-06-16 22:06:37 2014-06-16 22:12:25
2 YES 18 2014-06-16 21:44:29 2014-06-16 23:35:10
2 YES 19 2014-06-16 23:35:10 2014-06-16 23:35:13
1 YES 19 2014-06-16 22:12:25 2014-06-16 23:35:10
1 YES 20 2014-06-16 23:35:10 2014-06-16 23:35:16
2 YES 20 2014-06-16 23:37:04 2014-06-16 23:37:04
1 IN-MEMORY 21 2014-06-16 23:35:16 2014-06-16 23:37:10
2 YES 21 2014-06-16 23:37:04 2014-06-16 23:37:07

21 rows selected.

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