Question ID 002dba45

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 002dba45

Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of line ?

ID: 002dba45 Answer

Correct Answer: .1764, .1765, 3/17

Rationale

3
The correct answer is 17
. It’s given that line 𝑗 is perpendicular to line 𝑘 in the xy-plane. This means that the slope of line 𝑗 is
17
the negative reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑘. The equation of line 𝑘, 𝑦 = - 3
𝑥 + 5, is written in slope-intercept form
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. It follows that the slope of
17 17 -1
line 𝑘 is - . The negative reciprocal of a number is -1 divided by the number. Therefore, the negative reciprocal of - is 17 ,
3 3 -
3
3 3
or . Thus, the slope of line 𝑗 is . Note that 3/17, .1764, .1765, and 0.176 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
17 17

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f224df07
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: f224df07

A cargo helicopter delivers only 100-pound packages and 120-pound packages.

For each delivery trip, the helicopter must carry at least 10 packages, and the total
weight of the packages can be at most 1,100 pounds. What is the maximum
number of 120-pound packages that the helicopter can carry per trip?

A. 2

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

ID: f224df07 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Let a equal the number of 120-pound packages, and let b equal the number of 100-pound packages. It’s
given that the total weight of the packages can be at most 1,100 pounds: the inequality represents
this situation. It’s also given that the helicopter must carry at least 10 packages: the inequality represents this
situation. Values of a and b that satisfy these two inequalities represent the allowable numbers of 120-pound packages and
100-pound packages the helicopter can transport. To maximize the number of 120-pound packages, a, in the helicopter, the
number of 100-pound packages, b, in the helicopter needs to be minimized. Expressing b in terms of a in the second
inequality yields , so the minimum value of b is equal to . Substituting for b in the first inequality
results in . Using the distributive property to rewrite this inequality yields
, or . Subtracting 1,000 from both sides of this inequality yields
. Dividing both sides of this inequality by 20 results in . This means that the maximum number of 120-pound
packages that the helicopter can carry per trip is 5.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may result from incorrectly creating or solving the system of inequalities.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3008cfc3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 3008cfc3

The table gives the coordinates of two points on a line in the xy-plane. The y-intercept of the line is , where and
are constants. What is the value of ?

ID: 3008cfc3 Answer

Correct Answer: 33

Rationale

The correct answer is 33. It’s given in the table that the coordinates of two points on a line in the xy-plane are ( 𝑘, 13 ) and
( 𝑘 + 7, - 15 ) . The y-intercept is another point on the line. The slope computed using any pair of points from the line will be
the same. The slope of a line, 𝑚, between any two points, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , on the line can be calculated using the slope
𝑦 -𝑦
formula, 𝑚 = 𝑥2 - 𝑥1 . It follows that the slope of the line with the given points from the table, ( 𝑘, 13 ) and ( 𝑘 + 7, - 15 ) , is
2 1
-15 - 13 -28
𝑚= 𝑘+7-𝑘
, which is equivalent to 𝑚 = 7
, or 𝑚 = - 4. It's given that the y-intercept of the line is ( 𝑘 - 5, 𝑏 ) . Substituting -4
13 - 𝑏
for 𝑚 and the coordinates of the points ( 𝑘 - 5, 𝑏 ) and ( 𝑘, 13 ) into the slope formula yields -4 = , which is equivalent
𝑘-𝑘-5
13 - 𝑏 13 - 𝑏
to -4 = 𝑘-𝑘+5
, or -4 = 5
. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 5 yields -20 = 13 - 𝑏. Subtracting 13 from both sides of
this equation yields -33 = - 𝑏. Dividing both sides of this equation by -1 yields 𝑏 = 33. Therefore, the value of 𝑏 is 33.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d1b66ae6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: d1b66ae6

If satisfies the system of equations

above, what is the value of y ?

ID: d1b66ae6 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is . One method for solving the system of equations for y is to add corresponding sides of the two

equations. Adding the left-hand sides gives , or 4y. Adding the right-hand sides yields . It

follows that . Finally, dividing both sides of by 4 yields or . Note that 3/2 and 1.5 are examples of
ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID cb8f449f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: cb8f449f

The system of equations above has solution (x,

y). What is the value of x ?

A. 3

B.

C. 4

D. 6

ID: cb8f449f Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Adding the corresponding sides of the two equations eliminates y and yields , as shown.

If (x, y) is a solution to the system, then (x, y) satisfies both equations in the system and any equation derived from them.
Therefore, .

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may be the result of errors when solving the system.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 88e13c8c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 88e13c8c

The total cost , in dollars, to lease a car for months from a particular car dealership is given by
, where is the monthly payment, in dollars. What is the total cost to lease a car when the monthly
payment is ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 88e13c8c Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that 𝑓𝑥 is the total cost, in dollars, to lease a car from this dealership with a monthly payment
of 𝑥 dollars. Therefore, the total cost, in dollars, to lease the car when the monthly payment is $ 400 is represented by the
value of 𝑓𝑥 when 𝑥 = 400. Substituting 400 for 𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 36𝑥 + 1,000 yields 𝑓400 = 36400 + 1,000, or
𝑓400 = 15,400. Thus, when the monthly payment is $ 400, the total cost to lease a car is $ 15,400.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 3cdbf026
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 3cdbf026

The graph of the equation is a line in the xy-plane, where a and k are
constants. If the line contains the points and , what is the value of
k?

A.

B.

C. 2

D. 3

ID: 3cdbf026 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The value of k can be found using the slope-intercept form of a linear equation, , where m is

the slope and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. The equation can be rewritten in the form

. One of the given points, , is the y-intercept. Thus, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept must be equal to .
Multiplying both sides by k gives . Dividing both sides by gives .

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from errors made rewriting the given equation.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ff501705
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ff501705

In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?

ID: ff501705 Answer

Correct Answer: 6

Rationale

The correct answer is 6. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented
by the equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct. Lines represented by equations in standard form, 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 and
𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 = 𝐹, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are proportional to the corresponding coefficients in
𝐷 𝐸 𝐹
the other equation, meaning 𝐴
= ; and the lines are distinct if the constants are not proportional, meaning
𝐵 𝐶
is not equal to
𝐷 𝐸 3 1 2 3
𝐴
or 𝐵
. The first equation in the given system is 2
𝑦 -
4
𝑥 =
3
-
2
𝑦. Multiplying each side of this equation by 12 yields
18𝑦 - 3𝑥 = 8 - 18𝑦. Adding 18𝑦 to each side of this equation yields 36𝑦 - 3𝑥 = 8, or -3𝑥 + 36𝑦 = 8. The second equation in the
1 3 9
given system is 𝑥 + = 𝑝𝑦 + . Multiplying each side of this equation by 2 yields 𝑥 + 3 = 2𝑝𝑦 + 9. Subtracting 2𝑝𝑦 from
2 2 2
each side of this equation yields 𝑥 + 3 - 2𝑝𝑦 = 9. Subtracting 3 from each side of this equation yields 𝑥 - 2𝑝𝑦 = 6. Therefore,
the two equations in the given system, written in standard form, are -3𝑥 + 36𝑦 = 8 and 𝑥 - 2𝑝𝑦 = 6. As previously stated, if
this system has no solution, the lines represented by the equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct, meaning the
1 -2𝑝 1 𝑝 6 1 6 1
proportion = , or - = - , is true and the proportion = is not true. The proportion = is not true. Multiplying
-3 36 3 18 8 -3 8 -3
1 𝑝
each side of the true proportion, - 3 = - 18 , by -18 yields 6 = 𝑝. Therefore, if the system has no solution, then the value of 𝑝 is
6.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 8c5e6702
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 8c5e6702

A window repair specialist charges for the first two hours of repair plus an hourly fee for each additional hour. The total
cost for hours of repair is . Which function gives the total cost, in dollars, for hours of repair, where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8c5e6702 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the window repair specialist charges $ 220 for the first two hours of repair plus an hourly
fee for each additional hour. Let 𝑛 represent the hourly fee for each additional hour after the first two hours. Since it’s given
that 𝑥 is the number of hours of repair, it follows that the charge generated by the hourly fee after the first two hours can be
represented by the expression 𝑛𝑥 - 2. Therefore, the total cost, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of repair is 𝑓𝑥 = 220 + 𝑛𝑥 - 2. It’s given
that the total cost for 5 hours of repair is $ 400. Substituting 5 for 𝑥 and 400 for 𝑓𝑥 into the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 220 + 𝑛𝑥 - 2
yields 400 = 220 + 𝑛5 - 2, or 400 = 220 + 3𝑛. Subtracting 220 from both sides of this equation yields 180 = 3𝑛. Dividing both
sides of this equation by 3 yields 𝑛 = 60. Substituting 60 for 𝑛 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 220 + 𝑛𝑥 - 2 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 220 + 60𝑥 - 2,
which is equivalent to 𝑓𝑥 = 220 + 60𝑥 - 120, or 𝑓𝑥 = 60𝑥 + 100. Therefore, the total cost, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of repair
is 𝑓𝑥 = 60𝑥 + 100.

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents the total cost, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of repair where the specialist charges
$ 340, rather than $ 220, for the first two hours of repair.

Choice C is incorrect. This function represents the total cost, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of repair where the specialist charges
$ 160, rather than $ 220, for the first two hours of repair, and an hourly fee of $ 80, rather than $ 60, after the first two
hours.

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents the total cost, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of repair where the specialist charges
$ 380, rather than $ 220, for the first two hours of repair, and an hourly fee of $ 80, rather than $ 60, after the first two
hours.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 2937ef4f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 2937ef4f

Hector used a tool called an auger to remove corn from a storage bin at a constant
rate. The bin contained 24,000 bushels of corn when Hector began to use
the auger. After 5 hours of using the auger, 19,350 bushels of corn remained in the
bin. If the auger continues to remove corn at this rate, what is the total number of
hours Hector will have been using the auger when 12,840 bushels of corn remain in
the bin?

A. 3

B. 7

C. 8

D. 12

ID: 2937ef4f Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. After using the auger for 5 hours, Hector had removed 24,000 – 19,350 = 4,650 bushels of corn from the

storage bin. During the 5-hour period, the auger removed corn from the bin at a constant rate of bushels per
hour. Assuming the auger continues to remove corn at this rate, after x hours it will have removed 930x bushels of corn.
Because the bin contained 24,000 bushels of corn when Hector started using the auger, the equation 24,000 – 930x = 12,840
can be used to find the number of hours, x, Hector will have been using the auger when 12,840 bushels of corn remain in the
bin. Subtracting 12,840 from both sides of this equation and adding 930x to both sides of the equation yields 11,160 = 930x.
Dividing both sides of this equation by 930 yields x = 12. Therefore, Hector will have been using the auger for 12 hours when
12,840 bushels of corn remain in the storage bin.

Choice A is incorrect. Three hours after Hector began using the auger, 24,000 – 3(930) = 21,210 bushels of corn remained,
not 12,840. Choice B is incorrect. Seven hours after Hector began using the auger, 24,000 – 7(930) = 17,490 bushels of corn
will remain, not 12,840. Choice C is incorrect. Eight hours after Hector began using the auger, 24,000 – 8(930) = 16,560
bushels of corn will remain, not 12,840.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 548a4929
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 548a4929

The function is defined by . The graph of in the xy-plane has an x-intercept at and a y-
intercept at , where and are constants. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 548a4929 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The x-intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is the point on the graph where 𝑦 = 0. It's given that function ℎ
is defined by ℎ𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 28. Therefore, the equation representing the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 is 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 28. Substituting 0 for 𝑦 in
the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 28 yields 0 = 4𝑥 + 28. Subtracting 28 from both sides of this equation yields -28 = 4𝑥. Dividing both
sides of this equation by 4 yields -7 = 𝑥. Therefore, the x-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane is -7, 0. It's given that
the x-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 is 𝑎, 0. Therefore, 𝑎 = - 7. The y-intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is the point on the
graph where 𝑥 = 0. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 28 yields 𝑦 = 40 + 28, or 𝑦 = 28. Therefore, the y-intercept of
the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane is 0, 28. It's given that the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 is 0, 𝑏. Therefore, 𝑏 = 28. If
𝑎 = - 7 and 𝑏 = 28, then the value of 𝑎 + 𝑏 is -7 + 28, or 21.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑏, not 𝑎 + 𝑏.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of -𝑎 + 𝑏, not 𝑎 + 𝑏.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9bbce683
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 9bbce683

For line , the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Line is the result of translating line
down units in the xy-plane. What is the x-intercept of line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9bbce683 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The equation of line ℎ can be written in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line
and 0, 𝑏 is the y-intercept of the line. It’s given that line ℎ contains the points 18, 130, 23, 160, and 26, 178. Therefore, its slope
160 - 130
𝑚 can be found as , or 6. Substituting 6 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 𝑏. Substituting 130 for 𝑦 and
23 - 18
18 for 𝑥 in this equation yields 130 = 6 ( 18 ) + 𝑏, or 130 = 108 + 𝑏. Subtracting 108 from both sides of this equation yields
22 = 𝑏. Substituting 22 for 𝑏 in 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 22. Since line 𝑘 is the result of translating line ℎ down 5 units, an
equation of line 𝑘 is 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 22 - 5, or 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 17. Substituting 0 for 𝑦 in this equation yields 0 = 6𝑥 + 17. Solving this
17 17
equation for 𝑥 yields 𝑥 = - 6
. Therefore, the x-intercept of line 𝑘 is - 6 , 0.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 84664a7c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 84664a7c

The front of a roller-coaster car is at the bottom of a hill and is 15 feet above the
ground. If the front of the roller-coaster car rises at a constant rate of 8 feet per
second, which of the following equations gives the height h, in feet, of the front of
the roller-coaster car s seconds after it starts up the hill?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 84664a7c Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the front of the roller-coaster car starts rising when it’s 15 feet above the ground. This
initial height of 15 feet can be represented by a constant term, 15, in an equation. Each second, the front of the roller-coaster
car rises 8 feet, which can be represented by 8s. Thus, the equation gives the height, in feet, of the front of the
roller-coaster car s seconds after it starts up the hill.

Choices B and C are incorrect and may result from conceptual errors in creating a linear equation. Choice D is incorrect and
may result from switching the rate at which the roller-coaster car rises with its initial height.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 097e10f5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 097e10f5

What value of satisfies the equation ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 097e10f5 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Subtracting 180 from both sides of the given equation yields 5𝑝 = 70. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 5 yields 𝑝 = 14. Therefore, the value of 𝑝 that satisfies the equation 5𝑝 + 180 = 250 is 14.

Choice B is incorrect. This value of 𝑝 satisfies the equation 5𝑝 + 180 = 505.

Choice C is incorrect. This value of 𝑝 satisfies the equation 5𝑝 + 180 = 610.

Choice D is incorrect. This value of 𝑝 satisfies the equation 5𝑝 + 180 = 1,430.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID be9cb6a2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: be9cb6a2

The cost of renting a backhoe for up to days is for the first day and for each additional day. Which of the
following equations gives the cost , in dollars, of renting the backhoe for days, where is a positive integer and ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: be9cb6a2 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the cost of renting a backhoe for up to 10 days is $ 270 for the first day and $ 135 for
each additional day. Therefore, the cost 𝑦, in dollars, for 𝑥 days, where 𝑥 ≤ 10, is the sum of the cost for the first day, $ 270,
and the cost for the additional 𝑥 - 1 days, $ 135𝑥 - 1. It follows that 𝑦 = 270 + 135𝑥 - 1, which is equivalent to
𝑦 = 270 + 135𝑥 - 135, or 𝑦 = 135𝑥 + 135.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the cost of renting a backhoe is $ 135 for the first day and
$ 270 for each additional day.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 608eeb6e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 608eeb6e

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 608eeb6e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Adding the second equation of the given system to the first equation yields 5𝑥 + -4𝑥 + 𝑦 = 15 + -2,
which is equivalent to 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 13. So the value of 𝑥 + 𝑦 is 13.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of - ( 𝑥 + 𝑦 ) .

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID cfe67646
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: cfe67646

The point in the xy-plane is a solution to which of the following systems of inequalities?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: cfe67646 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The given point, 8, 2, is located in the first quadrant in the xy-plane. The system of inequalities in choice A
represents all the points in the first quadrant in the xy-plane. Therefore, 8, 2 is a solution to the system of inequalities in
choice A.

Alternate approach: Substituting 8 for 𝑥 in the first inequality in choice A, 𝑥 > 0, yields 8 > 0, which is true. Substituting 2 for
𝑦 in the second inequality in choice A, 𝑦 > 0, yields 2 > 0, which is true. Since the coordinates of the point 8, 2 make the
inequalities 𝑥 > 0 and 𝑦 > 0 true, the point 8, 2 is a solution to the system of inequalities consisting of 𝑥 > 0 and 𝑦 > 0.

Choice B is incorrect. This system of inequalities represents all the points in the fourth quadrant, not the first quadrant, in the
xy-plane.

Choice C is incorrect. This system of inequalities represents all the points in the second quadrant, not the first quadrant, in
the xy-plane.

Choice D is incorrect. This system of inequalities represents all the points in the third quadrant, not the first quadrant, in the
xy-plane.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 5b8a8475
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 5b8a8475

Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5b8a8475 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that line 𝑗 is perpendicular to line 𝑘 in the xy-plane. It follows that the slope of line 𝑗 is the
opposite reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑘. The equation for line 𝑘 is written in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope of the line and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. It follows that the slope of line 𝑘 is 3. The opposite
1 1
reciprocal of a number is -1 divided by the number. Thus, the opposite reciprocal of 3 is - 3 . Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is - 3 .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b86123af
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: b86123af

Hiro and Sofia purchased shirts and pants from a store. The price of each shirt
purchased was the same and the price of each pair of pants purchased was the
same. Hiro purchased 4 shirts and 2 pairs of pants for $86, and Sofia purchased 3
shirts and 5 pairs of pants for $166. Which of the following systems of linear
equations represents the situation, if x represents the price, in dollars, of each shirt
and y represents the price, in dollars, of each pair of pants?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b86123af Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Hiro purchased 4 shirts and each shirt cost x dollars, so he spent a total of 4x dollars on shirts. Likewise,
Hiro purchased 2 pairs of pants, and each pair of pants cost y dollars, so he spent a total of 2y dollars on pants. Therefore,
the total amount that Hiro spent was 4x + 2y. Since Hiro spent $86 in total, this can be modeled by the equation 4x + 2y = 86.
Using the same reasoning, Sofia bought 3 shirts at x dollars each and 5 pairs of pants at y dollars each, so she spent a total
of 3x + 5y dollars on shirts and pants. Since Sofia spent $166 in total, this can be modeled by the equation 3x + 5y = 166.

Choice B is incorrect and may be the result of switching the number of shirts Sofia purchased with the number of pairs of
pants Hiro purchased. Choice C is incorrect and may be the result of switching the total price each person paid. Choice D is
incorrect and may be the result of switching the total price each person paid as well as switching the number of shirts Sofia
purchased with the number of pairs of pants Hiro purchased.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID ee846db7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: ee846db7

A store sells two different-sized containers of a certain Greek yogurt. The store’s sales of this Greek yogurt totaled
dollars last month. The equation represents this situation, where is the number of smaller
containers sold and is the number of larger containers sold. According to the equation, which of the following represents
the price, in dollars, of each smaller container?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ee846db7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the store's sales of a certain Greek yogurt totaled 1,277.94 dollars last month. It's also
given that the equation 5.48𝑥 + 7.30𝑦 = 1,277.94 represents this situation, where 𝑥 is the number of smaller containers sold
and 𝑦 is the number of larger containers sold. Since 𝑥 represents the number of smaller containers of yogurt sold, the
expression 5.48𝑥 represents the total sales, in dollars, from smaller containers of yogurt. This means that 𝑥 smaller
containers of yogurt were sold at a price of 5.48 dollars each. Therefore, according to the equation, 5.48 represents the price,
in dollars, of each smaller container.

Choice B is incorrect. This expression represents the total sales, in dollars, from selling 𝑦 larger containers of yogurt.

Choice C is incorrect. This value represents the price, in dollars, of each larger container of yogurt.

Choice D is incorrect. This expression represents the total sales, in dollars, from selling 𝑥 smaller containers of yogurt.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 686b7244
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 686b7244

A certain apprentice has enrolled in hours of training courses. The equation represents this situation,
where is the number of on-site training courses and is the number of online training courses this apprentice has enrolled
in. How many more hours does each online training course take than each on-site training course?

ID: 686b7244 Answer

Correct Answer: 5

Rationale

The correct answer is 5. It's given that the equation 10𝑥 + 15𝑦 = 85 represents the situation, where 𝑥 is the number of on-site
training courses, 𝑦 is the number of online training courses, and 85 is the total number of hours of training courses the
apprentice has enrolled in. Therefore, 10𝑥 represents the number of hours the apprentice has enrolled in on-site training
courses, and 15𝑦 represents the number of hours the apprentice has enrolled in online training courses. Since 𝑥 is the
number of on-site training courses and 𝑦 is the number of online training courses the apprentice has enrolled in, 10 is the
number of hours each on-site course takes and 15 is the number of hours each online course takes. Subtracting these
numbers gives 15 - 10, or 5 more hours each online training course takes than each on-site training course.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 2b15d65f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 2b15d65f

An economist modeled the demand Q for a certain product as a linear function of

the selling price P. The demand was 20,000 units when the selling price was $40
per unit, and the demand was 15,000 units when the selling price was $60 per unit.
Based on the model, what is the demand, in units, when the selling price is $55 per
unit?

A. 16,250

B. 16,500

C. 16,750

D. 17,500

ID: 2b15d65f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Let the economist’s model be the linear function , where Q is the demand, P is the selling
price, m is the slope of the line, and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line in the xy-plane, where . Two pairs
of the selling price P and the demand Q are given. Using the coordinate pairs , two points that satisfy the function are

and . The slope m of the function can be found using the formula . Substituting

the given values into this formula yields , or . Therefore, . The value of
b can be found by substituting one of the points into the function. Substituting the values of P and Q from the point
yields , or . Adding 10,000 to both sides of this equation
yields . Therefore, the linear function the economist used as the model is . Substituting
55 for P yields . It follows that when the selling price is $55 per unit, the demand is
16,250 units.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from calculation or conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e62cfe5f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: e62cfe5f

According to a model, the head width, in millimeters, of a worker bumblebee can be

estimated by adding 0.6 to four times the body weight of the bee, in grams.
According to the model, what would be the head width, in millimeters, of a worker
bumblebee that has a body weight of 0.5 grams?

ID: e62cfe5f Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 2.6. According to the model, the head width, in millimeters, of a worker bumblebee can be estimated
by adding 0.6 to 4 times the body weight, in grams, of the bee. Let x represent the body weight, in grams, of a worker
bumblebee and let y represent the head width, in millimeters. Translating the verbal description of the model into an equation
yields . Substituting 0.5 grams for x in this equation yields , or . Therefore, a worker
bumblebee with a body weight of 0.5 grams has an estimated head width of 2.6 millimeters. Note that 2.6 and 13/5 are
examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b0fc3166
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: b0fc3166

The graph of a system of linear equations is shown. What is the solution to the system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b0fc3166 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The solution to this system of linear equations is represented by the point that lies on both lines shown,
or the point of intersection of the two lines. According to the graph, the point of intersection occurs when 𝑥 = 2 and 𝑦 = 3, or
at the point 2, 3. Therefore, the solution 𝑥, 𝑦 to the system is 2, 3.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID db422e7f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: db422e7f

Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of line ?

ID: db422e7f Answer

Correct Answer: .5, 1/2

Rationale

1
The correct answer is 2 . For an equation in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, 𝑚 represents the slope of the line in the xy-plane
defined by this equation. It's given that line 𝑝 is defined by 4𝑦 + 8𝑥 = 6. Subtracting 8𝑥 from both sides of this equation yields
8 6 3
4𝑦 = - 8𝑥 + 6. Dividing both sides of this equation by 4 yields 𝑦 = - 𝑥 + , or 𝑦 = - 2𝑥 + . Thus, the slope of line 𝑝 is -2. If
4 4 2
line 𝑟 is perpendicular to line 𝑝, then the slope of line 𝑟 is the negative reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑝. The negative
1 1
reciprocal of -2 is - = 2 . Note that 1/2 and .5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
-2

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 01682aa5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 01682aa5

Line is defined by . Line is perpendicular to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 01682aa5 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that line 𝑟 is perpendicular to line 𝑝 in the xy-plane. This means that the slope of line 𝑟 is the
negative reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑝. If the equation for line 𝑝 is rewritten in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚
and 𝑏 are constants, then 𝑚 is the slope of the line and 0, 𝑏 is its y-intercept. Subtracting 18𝑥 from both sides of the equation
9
2𝑦 + 18𝑥 = 9 yields 2𝑦 = -18𝑥 + 9. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑦 = -9𝑥 + . It follows that the slope of
2
-1 1
line 𝑝 is -9. The negative reciprocal of a number is -1 divided by the number. Therefore, the negative reciprocal of -9 is -9
, or 9 .
1
Thus, the slope of line 𝑟 is .
9

Choice A is incorrect. This is the slope of line 𝑝, not line 𝑟.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the reciprocal, not the negative reciprocal, of the slope of line 𝑝.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the negative, not the negative reciprocal, of the slope of line 𝑝.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 45cfb9de
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 45cfb9de

Adam’s school is a 20-minute walk or a 5-minute bus ride away from his house.
The bus runs once every 30 minutes, and the number of minutes, w, that Adam
waits for the bus varies between 0 and 30. Which of the following inequalities gives
the values of w for which it would be faster for Adam to walk to school?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 45cfb9de Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It is given that w is the number of minutes that Adam waits for the bus. The total time it takes Adam to
get to school on a day he takes the bus is the sum of the minutes, w, he waits for the bus and the 5 minutes the bus ride
takes; thus, this time, in minutes, is w + 5. It is also given that the total amount of time it takes Adam to get to school on a
day that he walks is 20 minutes. Therefore, w + 5 > 20 gives the values of w for which it would be faster for Adam to walk to
school.

Choices A and B are incorrect because w – 5 is not the total length of time for Adam to wait for and then take the bus to
school. Choice C is incorrect because the inequality should be true when walking 20 minutes is faster than the time it takes
Adam to wait for and ride the bus, not less.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 06fc1726
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 06fc1726

If f is the function defined by ,

what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C. 3

D. 9

ID: 06fc1726 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. If , then .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from not multiplying x by 2 in the numerator. Choice B is incorrect and may result from
dividing 2x by 3 and then subtracting 1. Choice D is incorrect and may result from evaluating only the numerator 2x – 1.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 6863c7ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 6863c7ce

The given equation represents the distance , in inches, where represents the number of seconds since an object started
moving. Which of the following is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. The object moved a total of inches.

B. The object moved a total of inches.

C. The object is moving at a rate of inches per second.

D. The object is moving at a rate of inches per second.

ID: 6863c7ce Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that in the equation 𝑑 = 16𝑡, 𝑑 represents the distance, in inches, and 𝑡 represents the number
of seconds since an object started moving. In this equation, 𝑡 is being multiplied by 16. This means that the object’s distance
increases by 16 inches each second. Therefore, the best interpretation of 16 in this context is that the object is moving at a
rate of 16 inches per second.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of 16𝑡, rather than 16, in this context.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a5834ea4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a5834ea4

For the given linear function , which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a5834ea4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. For the given linear function 𝑓, 𝑓𝑥 must equal 39 for all values of 𝑥. Of the given choices, only choice B
gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑓𝑥 for the given linear function 𝑓.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 6105234d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 6105234d

John paid a total of for a microscope by making a down payment of plus monthly payments of each. Which
of the following equations represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6105234d Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that John made a $ 16 payment each month for 𝑝 months. The total amount of these
payments can be represented by the expression 16𝑝. The down payment can be added to that amount to find the total
amount John paid, yielding the expression 16𝑝 + 37. It’s given that John paid a total of $ 165. Therefore, the expression for
the total amount John paid can be set equal to that amount, yielding the equation 16𝑝 + 37 = 165.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b1228811
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: b1228811

Marisa needs to hire at least 10 staff members for an upcoming project. The staff
members will be made up of junior directors, who will be paid $640 per week, and
senior directors, who will be paid $880 per week. Her budget for paying the staff
members is no more than $9,700 per week. She must hire at least 3 junior directors
and at least 1 senior director. Which of the following systems of inequalities
represents the conditions described if x is the number of junior directors and y is
the number of senior directors?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b1228811 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Marisa will hire x junior directors and y senior directors. Since she needs to hire at least 10 staff
members, . Each junior director will be paid $640 per week, and each senior director will be paid $880 per week.
Marisa’s budget for paying the new staff is no more than $9,700 per week; in terms of x and y, this condition is
 . Since Marisa must hire at least 3 junior directors and at least 1 senior director, it follows that
and . All four of these conditions are represented correctly in choice B.

Choices A and C are incorrect. For example, the first condition, , in each of these options implies that
Marisa can pay the new staff members more than her budget of $9,700. Choice D is incorrect because Marisa needs to hire
at least 10 staff members, not at most 10 staff members, as the inequality implies.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 0dd6227f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 0dd6227f

At how many points do the graphs of the equations and intersect in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0dd6227f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Each given equation is written in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope and 0, 𝑏 is the y-
intercept of the graph of the equation in the xy-plane. The graphs of two lines that have different slopes will intersect at
exactly one point. The graph of the first equation is a line with slope 1. The graph of the second equation is a line with slope
8. Since the graphs are lines with different slopes, they will intersect at exactly one point.

Choice A is incorrect because two graphs of linear equations have 0 intersection points only if they are parallel and therefore
have the same slope.

Choice C is incorrect because two graphs of linear equations in the xy-plane can have only 0, 1, or infinitely many points of
intersection.

Choice D is incorrect because two graphs of linear equations in the xy-plane can have only 0, 1, or infinitely many points of
intersection.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 447fa970
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 447fa970

The function is defined by the equation . What is the value of when ?

ID: 447fa970 Answer

Correct Answer: 30

Rationale

The correct answer is 30. The value of 𝑓𝑥 when 𝑥 = 4 can be found by substituting 4 for 𝑥 in the given equation 𝑓𝑥 = 7𝑥 + 2
. This yields 𝑓4 = 74 + 2, or 𝑓4 = 30. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 4, the value of 𝑓𝑥 is 30.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0eae6be1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0eae6be1

The number is less than the number . Which equation represents the relationship between and ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0eae6be1 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the number 𝑦 is 84 less than the number 𝑥. A number that's 84 less than the number 𝑥 is
equivalent to 84 subtracted from the number 𝑥, or 𝑥 - 84. Therefore, the equation 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 84 represents the relationship
between 𝑥 and 𝑦.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 7e3f8363
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 7e3f8363

In the xy-plane, the graph of the linear function contains the points and . Which equation defines , where
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7e3f8363 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. In the xy-plane, an equation of the graph of a linear function can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏,
where 𝑚 represents the slope and 0, 𝑏 represents the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥. It’s given that the graph of the linear
function 𝑓, where 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥, in the xy-plane contains the point 0, 3. Thus, 𝑏 = 3. The slope of the graph of a line containing any
𝑦 -𝑦
two points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 can be found using the slope formula, 𝑚 = 2 1 . Since it’s given that the graph of the linear
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
function 𝑓 contains the points 0, 3 and 7, 31, it follows that the slope of the graph of the line containing these points is
31 - 3
𝑚=
7-0
, or 𝑚 = 4. Substituting 4 for 𝑚 and 3 for 𝑏 in 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 3.

Choice A is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 28 and a y-intercept of 0, 34.

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 3 and a y-intercept of 0, 38.

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 7 and a y-intercept of 0, 3.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID bf4a8b6a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: bf4a8b6a

A company that provides whale-watching tours takes groups of people at a time. The company’s revenue is dollars per
adult and dollars per child. If the company’s revenue for one group consisting of adults and children was dollars,
how many people in the group were children?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: bf4a8b6a Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Let 𝑥 represent the number of children in a whale-watching tour group. Let 𝑦 represent the number of
adults in this group. Because it's given that 21 people are in a group and the group consists of adults and children, it must be
true that 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 21. Since the company's revenue is 60 dollars per child, the total revenue from 𝑥 children in this group was
60𝑥 dollars. Since the company's revenue is 80 dollars per adult, the total revenue from 𝑦 adults in this group was 80𝑦
dollars. Because it's given that the total revenue for this group was 1,440 dollars, it must be true that 60𝑥 + 80𝑦 = 1,440. The
equations 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 21 and 60𝑥 + 80𝑦 = 1,440 form a linear system of equations that can be solved to find the value of 𝑥,
which represents the number of children in the group, using the elimination method. Multiplying both sides of the equation
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 21 by 80 yields 80𝑥 + 80𝑦 = 1,680. Subtracting 60𝑥 + 80𝑦 = 1,440 from 80𝑥 + 80𝑦 = 1,680 yields
( 80𝑥 + 80𝑦 ) - ( 60𝑥 + 80𝑦 ) = 1,680 - 1,440, which is equivalent to 80𝑥 - 60𝑥 + 80𝑦 - 80𝑦 = 240, or 20𝑥 = 240. Dividing both
sides of this equation by 20 yields 𝑥 = 12. Therefore, 12 people in the group were children.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of adults in the group, not the number of children in the group.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 0b332f00
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0b332f00

The function is defined by . For what value of is ?

ID: 0b332f00 Answer

Correct Answer: 9

Rationale

The correct answer is 9. It’s given that 𝑔𝑥 = 6𝑥. Substituting 54 for 𝑔𝑥 in the given function yields 54 = 6𝑥. Dividing both
sides of this equation by 6 yields 𝑥 = 9. Therefore, the value of 𝑥 when 𝑔𝑥 = 54 is 9.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 349a5bc1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 349a5bc1

What is the solution to the given equation?

ID: 349a5bc1 Answer

Correct Answer: 40

Rationale

The correct answer is 40. Subtracting 5 from both sides of the given equation yields 4𝑥 = 160. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 4 yields 𝑥 = 40. Therefore, the solution to the given equation is 40.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 83f2c3bf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 83f2c3bf

Which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of for the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 83f2c3bf Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 into the given equation yields 𝑦 = 0 + 4, or 𝑦 = 4. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 0, the
corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 4. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 into the given equation yields 𝑦 = 1 + 4, or 𝑦 = 5.
Therefore, when 𝑥 = 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 5. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 into the given equation
yields 𝑦 = 2 + 4, or 𝑦 = 6. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 6. Of the choices
given, only the table in choice A gives these three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the given equation.

Choice B is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑦 = -𝑥 + 6.

Choice C is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑦 = -𝑥 + 2.

Choice D is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑦 = 𝑥.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 2c121b25
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 2c121b25

Valentina bought two containers of beads. In the first container 30% of the beads
are red, and in the second container 70% of the beads are red. Together, the
containers have at least 400 red beads. Which inequality shows this relationship,
where x is the total number of beads in the first container and y is the total number
of beads in the second container?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2c121b25 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It is given that x is the total number of beads in the first container and that 30% of those beads are red;
therefore, the expression 0.3x represents the number of red beads in the first container. It is given that y is the total number
of beads in the second container and that 70% of those beads are red; therefore, the expression 0.7y represents the number
of red beads in the second container. It is also given that, together, the containers have at least 400 red beads, so the
inequality that shows this relationship is 0.3x + 0.7y ≥ 400.

Choice B is incorrect because it represents the containers having a total of at most, rather than at least, 400 red beads.
Choice C is incorrect and may be the result of misunderstanding how to represent a percentage of beads in each container.
Also, the inequality shows the containers having a combined total of at most, rather than at least, 400 red beads. Choice D is
incorrect because the percentages were not converted to decimals.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 7efe5495
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 7efe5495

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7efe5495 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given by the first equation in the system that 𝑦 = 3𝑥. Substituting 3𝑥 for 𝑦 in the equation 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 12
yields 2𝑥 + 3𝑥 = 12, or 5𝑥 = 12.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c50ede6d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: c50ede6d

The total cost, in dollars, to rent a surfboard consists of a service fee and a per hour rental fee. A person rents a
surfboard for hours and intends to spend a maximum of to rent the surfboard. Which inequality represents this
situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c50ede6d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The cost of the rental fee depends on the number of hours the surfboard is rented. Multiplying 𝑡 hours by
10 dollars per hour yields a rental fee of 10𝑡 dollars. The total cost of the rental consists of the rental fee plus the 25 dollar
service fee, which yields a total cost of 25 + 10𝑡 dollars. Since the person intends to spend a maximum of 75 dollars to rent
the surfboard, the total cost must be at most 75 dollars. Therefore, the inequality 25 + 10𝑡 ≤ 75 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect. This represents a situation where the rental fee, not the total cost, is at most 75 dollars.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID c1bd5301
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c1bd5301

A model predicts that a certain animal weighed pounds when it was born and that the animal gained pounds per day
in its first year of life. This model is defined by an equation in the form , where is the predicted weight,
in pounds, of the animal days after it was born, and and are constants. What is the value of ?

ID: c1bd5301 Answer

Correct Answer: 241

Rationale

The correct answer is 241. For a certain animal, it's given that a model predicts the animal weighed 241 pounds when it was
born and gained 3 pounds per day in its first year of life. It's also given that this model is defined by an equation in the form
𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥, where 𝑓𝑥 is the predicted weight, in pounds, of the animal 𝑥 days after it was born, and 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants. It
follows that 𝑎 represents the predicted weight, in pounds, of the animal when it was born and 𝑏 represents the predicted rate
of weight gain, in pounds per day, in its first year of life. Thus, the value of 𝑎 is 241.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b23bba4c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: b23bba4c

A shipping company charged a customer $25 to ship some small boxes and some
large boxes. The equation above represents the relationship between a, the number
of small boxes, and b, the number of large boxes, the customer had shipped. If the
customer had 3 small boxes shipped, how many large boxes were shipped?

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

ID: b23bba4c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that a represents the number of small boxes and b represents the number of large boxes the
customer had shipped. If the customer had 3 small boxes shipped, then . Substituting 3 for a in the equation
yields or . Subtracting 9 from both sides of the equation yields . Dividing
both sides of this equation by 4 yields . Therefore, the customer had 4 large boxes shipped.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. If the number of large boxes shipped is 3, then . Substituting 3 for b in the given
equation yields or . Subtracting 12 from both sides of the equation and then dividing by 3

yields . However, it’s given that the number of small boxes shipped, a, is 3, not , so b cannot equal 3. Similarly, if

or , then or , respectively, which is also not true.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 87322577
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 87322577

The equation above relates the number of minutes, x, Maria spends running each
day and the number of minutes, y, she spends biking each day. In the equation,
what does the number 75 represent?

A. The number of minutes spent running each day

B. The number of minutes spent biking each day

C. The total number of minutes spent running and biking each day

D. The number of minutes spent biking for each minute spent running

ID: 87322577 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Maria spends x minutes running each day and y minutes biking each day. Therefore, represents
the total number of minutes Maria spent running and biking each day. Because , it follows that 75 is the total
number of minutes that Maria spent running and biking each day.

Choices A and B are incorrect. The number of minutes Maria spent running each day is represented by x and need not be 75.
Similarly, the number of minutes that Maria spends biking each day is represented by y and need not be 75. The number of
minutes Maria spends running each day and biking each day may vary; however, the total number of minutes she spends
each day on these activities is constant and equal to 75. Choice D is incorrect. The number of minutes Maria spent biking for
each minute spent running cannot be determined from the information provided.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 64c85440
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 64c85440

In North America, the standard width of a parking space is at least 7.5 feet and no
more than 9.0 feet. A restaurant owner recently resurfaced the restaurant’s parking
lot and wants to determine the number of parking spaces, n, in the parking lot that
could be placed perpendicular to a curb that is 135 feet long, based on the
standard width of a parking space. Which of the following describes all the
possible values of n ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 64c85440 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Placing the parking spaces with the minimum width of 7.5 feet gives the maximum possible number of

parking spaces. Thus, the maximum number that can be placed perpendicular to a 135-foot-long curb is . Placing
the parking spaces with the maximum width of 9 feet gives the minimum number of parking spaces. Thus, the minimum

number that can be placed perpendicular to a 135-foot-long curb is . Therefore, if n is the number of parking
spaces in the lot, the range of possible values for n is .

Choices A and C are incorrect. These choices equate the length of the curb with the maximum possible number of parking
spaces. Choice B is incorrect. This is the range of possible values for the width of a parking space instead of the range of
possible values for the number of parking spaces.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID dba8d38a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: dba8d38a

A petting zoo sells two types of tickets. The standard ticket, for admission only,
costs $5. The premium ticket, which includes admission and food to give to the
animals, costs $12. One Saturday, the petting zoo sold a total of 250 tickets and
collected a total of $2,300 from ticket sales. Which of the following systems of
equations can be used to find the number of standard tickets, s, and premium
tickets, p, sold on that Saturday?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dba8d38a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the petting zoo sells two types of tickets, standard and premium, and that s represents the
number of standard tickets sold and p represents the number of premium tickets sold. It’s also given that the petting zoo
sold 250 tickets on one Saturday; thus, . It’s also given that each standard ticket costs $5 and each premium
ticket costs $12. Thus, the amount collected in ticket sales can be represented by for standard tickets and for
premium tickets. On that Saturday the petting zoo collected a total of $2,300 from ticket sales; thus, .
These two equations are correctly represented in choice A.

Choice B is incorrect. The second equation in the system represents the cost per standard ticket as $12, not $5, and the cost
per premium ticket as $5, not $12. Choices C and D are incorrect. The equations represent the total collected from standard
and premium ticket sales as $250, not $2,300, and the total number of standard and premium tickets sold as $2,300, not
$250. Additionally, the first equation in choice D represents the cost per standard ticket as $12, not $5, and the cost per
premium ticket as $5, not $12.
Question Difficulty: Easy
Question ID 71189542
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 71189542

A group of 202 people went on an overnight camping trip, taking 60 tents with
them. Some of the tents held 2 people each, and the rest held 4 people each.
Assuming all the tents were filled to capacity and every person got to sleep in a
tent, exactly how many of the tents were 2-person tents?

A. 30

B. 20

C. 19

D. 18

ID: 71189542 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Let x represent the number of 2-person tents and let y represent the number of 4-person tents. It is given
that the total number of tents was 60 and the total number of people in the group was 202. This situation can be expressed
as a system of two equations, and . The first equation can be rewritten as .

Substituting for y in the equation yields . Distributing and combining like

terms gives . Subtracting 240 from both sides of and then dividing both sides by
gives . Therefore, the number of 2-person tents is 19.

Alternate approach: If each of the 60 tents held 4 people, the total number of people that could be accommodated in tents
would be 240. However, the actual number of people who slept in tents was 202. The difference of 38 accounts for the 2-

person tents. Since each of these tents holds 2 people fewer than a 4-person tent, gives the number of 2-person
tents.

Choice A is incorrect. This choice may result from assuming exactly half of the tents hold 2 people. If that were true, then the
total number of people who slept in tents would be ; however, the total number of people who slept in
tents was 202, not 180. Choice B is incorrect. If 20 tents were 2-person tents, then the remaining 40 tents would be 4-person
tents. Since all the tents were filled to capacity, the total number of people who slept in tents would be
; however, the total number of people who slept in tents was 202, not 200. Choice D is
incorrect. If 18 tents were 2-person tents, then the remaining 42 tents would be 4-person tents. Since all the tents were filled
to capacity, the total number of people who slept in tents would be ; however, the total
number of people who slept in tents was 202, not 204.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 24854644
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 24854644

What is the equation of the line that passes through the point and is parallel to the graph of in the xy-
plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 24854644 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The equation of a line in the xy-plane can be written in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope of the line and 0, 𝑏 is its y-intercept. It’s given that the line passes through the point 0, 5. Therefore, 𝑏 = 5. It’s also given
that the line is parallel to the graph of 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 4, which means the line has the same slope as the graph of 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 4. The
slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 4 is 7. Therefore, 𝑚 = 7. Substituting 7 for 𝑚 and 5 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 5.

Choice A is incorrect. The graph of this equation passes through the point 0, 0, not 0, 5, and has a slope of 5, not 7.

Choice C is incorrect. The graph of this equation passes through the point 0, 0, not 0, 5.

Choice D is incorrect. The graph of this equation passes through the point 0, 7, not 0, 5, and has a slope of 5, not 7.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b7e6394d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: b7e6394d

Alan drives an average of 100 miles each week. His car can travel an average of
25 miles per gallon of gasoline. Alan would like to reduce his weekly expenditure
on gasoline by $5. Assuming gasoline costs $4 per gallon, which equation can
Alan use to determine how many fewer average miles, m, he should drive each
week?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b7e6394d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since gasoline costs $4 per gallon, and since Alan’s car travels an average of 25 miles per gallon, the

expression gives the cost, in dollars per mile, to drive the car. Multiplying by m gives the cost for Alan to drive m

miles in his car. Alan wants to reduce his weekly spending by $5, so setting m equal to 5 gives the number of miles, m,
by which he must reduce his driving.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choices A and B transpose the numerator and the denominator in the fraction. The fraction

would result in the unit miles per dollar, but the question requires a unit of dollars per mile. Choices A and C set the
expression equal to 95 instead of 5, a mistake that may result from a misconception that Alan wants to reduce his driving by
5 miles each week; instead, the question says he wants to reduce his weekly expenditure by $5.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 7a5a74a6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 7a5a74a6

If x is the solution to the equation above,

what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7a5a74a6 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Because 2 is a factor of both and 6, the expression can be rewritten as . Substituting
for on the left-hand side of the given equation yields , or
. Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Adding 11 to

both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields .

Alternate approach: Distributing 3 to the quantity on the left-hand side of the given equation and distributing 4 to the

quantity on the right-hand side yields , or . Subtracting from both

sides of this equation yields . Adding 29 to both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of

this equation by 2 yields . Therefore, the value of is , or .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of x, not . Choices C and D are incorrect. If the value of is or ,

it follows that the value of x is or , respectively. However, solving the given equation for x yields .
Therefore, the value of can’t be or .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 5c94e6fa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 5c94e6fa

In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has infinitely many solutions. What is the value of ?

ID: 5c94e6fa Answer

Correct Answer: 21

Rationale

The correct answer is 21. It's given that the equation 3𝑥 + 21 = 3𝑥 + 𝑘 has infinitely many solutions. If an equation in one
variable has infinitely many solutions, then the equation is true for any value of the variable. Subtracting 3𝑥 from both sides
of the given equation yields 𝑘 = 21. Since this equation must be true for any value of 𝑥, the value of 𝑘 is 21.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 95cad55f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 95cad55f

A laundry service is buying detergent and fabric softener from its supplier. The
supplier will deliver no more than 300 pounds in a shipment. Each container of
detergent weighs 7.35 pounds, and each container of fabric softener weighs
6.2 pounds. The service wants to buy at least twice as many containers of
detergent as containers of fabric softener. Let d represent the number of
containers of detergent, and let s represent the number of containers of fabric
softener, where d and s are nonnegative integers. Which of the following systems
of inequalities best represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 95cad55f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The number of containers in a shipment must have a weight less than or equal to 300 pounds. The total
weight, in pounds, of detergent and fabric softener that the supplier delivers can be expressed as the weight of each
container multiplied by the number of each type of container, which is 7.35d for detergent and 6.2s for fabric softener. Since
this total cannot exceed 300 pounds, it follows that . Also, since the laundry service wants to buy at
least twice as many containers of detergent as containers of fabric softener, the number of containers of detergent should
be greater than or equal to two times the number of containers of fabric softener. This can be expressed by the inequality
.

Choice B is incorrect because it misrepresents the relationship between the numbers of each container that the laundry
service wants to buy. Choice C is incorrect because the first inequality of the system incorrectly doubles the weight per
container of detergent. The weight of each container of detergent is 7.35, not 14.7 pounds. Choice D is incorrect because it
doubles the weight per container of detergent and transposes the relationship between the numbers of containers.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID bf36c815
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: bf36c815

The function g is defined by .

What is the value of ?

A.

B. 0

C. 4

D. 8

ID: bf36c815 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The value of is found by substituting 0 for x in the function g. This yields , which can
be rewritten as .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from misinterpreting the equation as instead of . Choice
B is incorrect. This is the value of x, not . Choice C is incorrect and may result from calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 968e9e51
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 968e9e51

Which of the following ordered pairs is a solution to

the system of inequalities above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 968e9e51 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The solutions to the given system of inequalities is the set of all ordered pairs that satisfy both
inequalities in the system. For an ordered pair to satisfy the inequality , the value of the ordered pair’s y-coordinate

must be less than or equal to the value of the ordered pair’s x-coordinate. This is true of the ordered pair , because
. To satisfy the inequality , the value of the ordered pair’s y-coordinate must be less than or equal to the value

of the additive inverse of the ordered pair’s x-coordinate. This is also true of the ordered pair . Because 0 is its own
additive inverse, is the same as . Therefore, the ordered pair is a solution to the given system of
inequalities.

Choice A is incorrect. This ordered pair satisfies only the inequality in the given system, not both inequalities. Choice B
incorrect. This ordered pair satisfies only the inequality in the system, but not both inequalities. Choice C is
incorrect. This ordered pair satisfies neither inequality.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9f3cb472
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 9f3cb472

Line in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point . Which equation defines line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9f3cb472 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The equation that defines line 𝑡 in the xy-plane can be written in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where
1 1 1
𝑚 is the slope of line 𝑡 and 0, 𝑏 is its y-intercept. It’s given that line 𝑡 has a slope of - 3 . Therefore, 𝑚 = - 3 . Substituting - 3 for 𝑚
1 𝑥
in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = - 3 𝑥 + 𝑏, or 𝑦 = - 3 + 𝑏. It’s also given that line 𝑡 passes through the point 9, 10.
𝑥 9
Substituting 9 for 𝑥 and 10 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = - + 𝑏 yields 10 = - + 𝑏, or 10 = - 3 + 𝑏. Adding 3 to both sides of this
3 3
𝑥 𝑥
equation yields 13 = 𝑏. Substituting 13 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = - + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = - + 13.
3 3

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

1
Choice B is incorrect. This equation defines a line that has a slope of 9, not - 3 , and passes through the point 0, 10, not 9, 10.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation defines a line that passes through the point 0, 10, not 9, 10.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID aa85b138
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: aa85b138

A tree had a height of 6 feet when it was planted. The equation above can be used
to find how many years n it took the tree to reach a height of 14 feet. Which of the
following is the best interpretation of the number 2 in this context?

A. The number of years it took the tree to double its height

B. The average number of feet that the tree grew per year

C. The height, in feet, of the tree when the tree was 1 year old

D. The average number of years it takes similar trees to grow 14 feet

ID: aa85b138 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The height of the tree at a given time is equal to its height when it was planted plus the number of feet
that the tree grew. In the given equation, 14 represents the height of the tree at the given time, and 6 represents the height of
the tree when it was planted. It follows that represents the number of feet the tree grew from the time it was planted until
the time it reached a height of 14 feet. Since n represents the number of years between the given time and the time the tree
was planted, 2 must represent the average number of feet the tree grew each year.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from interpreting the coefficient 2 as doubling instead of as increasing by 2 each year.
Choice C is incorrect. The height of the tree when it was 1 year old was feet, not 2 feet. Choice D is incorrect.
No information is given to connect the growth of one particular tree to the growth of similar trees.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 15daa8d6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 15daa8d6

In the given equation, is a constant. If the equation has infinitely many solutions, what is the value of ?

ID: 15daa8d6 Answer

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale

The correct answer is 2. An equation with one variable, 𝑥, has infinitely many solutions only when both sides of the equation
are equal for any defined value of 𝑥. It's given that 2𝑥 + 16 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8, where 𝑎 is a constant. This equation can be rewritten as
2𝑥 + 8 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8. If this equation has infinitely many solutions, then both sides of this equation are equal for any defined
value of 𝑥. Both sides of this equation are equal for any defined value of 𝑥 when 2 = 𝑎. Therefore, if the equation has infinitely
many solutions, the value of 𝑎 is 2.

Alternate approach: If the given equation, 2𝑥 + 16 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8, has infinitely many solutions, then both sides of this equation are
equal for any value of 𝑥. If 𝑥 = 0, then substituting 0 for 𝑥 in 2𝑥 + 16 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8 yields 20 + 16 = 𝑎0 + 8, or 16 = 8𝑎. Dividing
both sides of this equation by 8 yields 2 = 𝑎.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 2f0a43b2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 2f0a43b2

If , what is the value of ?

ID: 2f0a43b2 Answer

Correct Answer: .2, 1/5

Rationale

1 5 𝑥 5
The correct answer is 5 . Since the number 5 can also be written as 1 , the given equation can also be written as 8
= 1 . This
8 1 8 1
equation is equivalent to 𝑥
= . Therefore, the value of
5 𝑥
is 5 . Note that 1/5 and .2 are examples of ways to enter a correct
answer.

𝑥
Alternate approach: Multiplying both sides of the equation = 5 by 8 yields 𝑥 = 40. Substituting 40 for 𝑥 into the expression
8
8 8 1
yields , or .
𝑥 40 5

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID ebf8d2b7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: ebf8d2b7

A machine makes large boxes or small boxes, one at a time, for a total of minutes each day. It takes the machine
minutes to make a large box or minutes to make a small box. Which equation represents the possible number of large
boxes, , and small boxes, , the machine can make each day?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ebf8d2b7 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that it takes the machine 10 minutes to make a large box. It's also given that 𝑥 represents the
possible number of large boxes the machine can make each day. Multiplying 10 by 𝑥 gives 10𝑥, which represents the amount
of time spent making large boxes. It’s given that it takes the machine 5 minutes to make a small box. It's also given that 𝑦
represents the possible number of small boxes the machine can make each day. Multiplying 5 by 𝑦 gives 5𝑦, which
represents the amount of time spent making small boxes. Combining the amount of time spent making 𝑥 large boxes and 𝑦
small boxes yields 10𝑥 + 5𝑦. It’s given that the machine makes boxes for a total of 700 minutes each day. Therefore
10𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 700 represents the possible number of large boxes, 𝑥, and small boxes, 𝑦, the machine can make each day.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from associating the time of 10 minutes with small, rather than large, boxes and the
time of 5 minutes with large, rather than small, boxes.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 997bec28
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 997bec28

The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is inches. Each of the two congruent sides of the triangle has a length of
inches. What is the length, in inches, of the third side?

ID: 997bec28 Answer

Correct Answer: 35

Rationale

The correct answer is 35. It’s given that the perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 83 inches and that each of the two
congruent sides has a length of 24 inches. The perimeter of a triangle is the sum of the lengths of its three sides. The
equation 24 + 24 + 𝑥 = 83 can be used to represent this situation, where 𝑥 is the length, in inches, of the third side.
Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields 48 + 𝑥 = 83. Subtracting 48 from both sides of this
equation yields 𝑥 = 35. Therefore, the length, in inches, of the third side is 35.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 12ee1edc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 12ee1edc

In the given equation, b is a constant. If the equation has no

solution, what is the value of b ?

A. 2

B. 4

C. 6

D. 10

ID: 12ee1edc Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. This equation has no solution when there is no value of x that produces a true statement. Solving the

given equation for x by dividing both sides by gives . When , the right-hand side of this
equation will be undefined, and the equation will have no solution. Therefore, when , there is no value of x that satisfies
the given equation.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Substituting 4, 6, and 10 for b in the given equation yields exactly one solution, rather than
no solution, for x. For example, substituting 4 for b in the given equation yields , or . Dividing both sides of
by 2 yields . Similarly, if or , and , respectively.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c6b151d4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: c6b151d4

A total of paper straws of equal length were used to construct two types of polygons: triangles and rectangles. The
triangles and rectangles were constructed so that no two polygons had a common side. The equation
represents this situation, where is the number of triangles constructed and is the number of rectangles constructed.
What is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. If triangles were constructed, then rectangles were constructed.

B. If triangles were constructed, then paper straws were used.

C. If triangles were constructed, then rectangles were constructed.

D. If triangles were constructed, then paper straws were used.

ID: c6b151d4 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that 364 paper straws of equal length were used to construct triangles and rectangles, where
no two polygons had a common side. It's also given that the equation 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 364 represents this situation, where 𝑥 is the
number of triangles constructed and 𝑦 is the number of rectangles constructed. The equation 𝑥, 𝑦 = 24, 73 means that if
𝑥 = 24, then 𝑦 = 73. Substituting 24 for 𝑥 and 73 for 𝑦 in 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 364 yields 324 + 473 = 364, or 364 = 364, which is true.
Therefore, in this context, the equation 𝑥, 𝑦 = 24, 73 means that if 24 triangles were constructed, then 73 rectangles were
constructed.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 25e1cfed
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 25e1cfed

How many solutions does the equation have?

A. Exactly one

B. Exactly two

C. Infinitely many

D. Zero

ID: 25e1cfed Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Applying the distributive property to each side of the given equation yields 150𝑥 - 90 = - 90 + 150𝑥.
Applying the commutative property of addition to the right-hand side of this equation yields 150𝑥 - 90 = 150𝑥 - 90. Since the
two sides of the equation are equivalent, this equation is true for any value of 𝑥. Therefore, the given equation has infinitely
many solutions.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 563407e5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 563407e5

A bakery sells trays of cookies. Each tray contains at least 50 cookies but no more
than 60. Which of the following could be the total number of cookies on 4 trays of
cookies?

A. 165

B. 205

C. 245

D. 285

ID: 563407e5 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. If each tray contains the least number of cookies possible, 50 cookies, then the least number of cookies
possible on 4 trays is 50 × 4 = 200 cookies. If each tray contains the greatest number of cookies possible, 60 cookies, then
the greatest number of cookies possible on 4 trays is 60 × 4 = 240 cookies. If the least number of cookies on 4 trays is 200
and the greatest number of cookies is 240, then 205 could be the total number of cookies on these 4 trays of cookies
because .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The least number of cookies on 4 trays is 200 cookies, and the greatest number of cookies
on 4 trays is 240 cookies. The choices 165, 245, and 285 are each either less than 200 or greater than 240; therefore, they
cannot represent the total number of cookies on 4 trays.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8c98c834
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 8c98c834

The equation models the relationship between the number of different

pieces of music a certain pianist practices, y, during an x-minute practice session.
How many pieces did the pianist practice if the session lasted 30 minutes?

A. 1

B. 3

C. 10

D. 30

ID: 8c98c834 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the equation models the relationship between the number of different pieces of
music a certain pianist practices, y, and the number of minutes in a practice session, x. Since it’s given that the session
lasted 30 minutes, the number of pieces the pianist practiced can be found by substituting 30 for x in the given equation,
which yields , or .

Choices A and C are incorrect and may result from misinterpreting the values in the equation. Choice D is incorrect. This is
the given value of x, not the value of y.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID ee2f611f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: ee2f611f

A local transit company sells a monthly pass for $95 that allows an unlimited
number of trips of any length. Tickets for individual trips cost $1.50, $2.50, or
$3.50, depending on the length of the trip. What is the minimum number of trips
per month for which a monthly pass could cost less than purchasing individual
tickets for trips?

ID: ee2f611f Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 28. The minimum number of individual trips for which the cost of the monthly pass is less than the
cost of individual tickets can be found by assuming the maximum cost of the individual tickets, $3.50. If n tickets costing
$3.50 each are purchased in one month, the inequality 95 < 3.50n represents this situation. Dividing both sides of the
inequality by 3.50 yields 27.14 < n, which is equivalent to n > 27.14. Since only a whole number of tickets can be purchased, it
follows that 28 is the minimum number of trips.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ee439cff
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: ee439cff

On a car trip, Rhett and Jessica each drove for part of the trip, and the total distance they drove was under miles. Rhett
drove at an average speed of , and Jessica drove at an average speed of . Which of the
following inequalities represents this situation, where is the number of hours Rhett drove and is the number of hours
Jessica drove?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ee439cff Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that Rhett drove at an average speed of 35 miles per hour and that he drove for 𝑟 hours.
Multiplying 35 miles per hour by 𝑟 hours yields 35𝑟 miles, or the distance that Rhett drove. It’s also given that Jessica drove
at an average speed of 40 miles per hour and that she drove for 𝑗 hours. Multiplying 40 miles per hour by 𝑗 hours yields 40𝑗
miles, or the distance that Jessica drove. The total distance, in miles, that Rhett and Jessica drove can be represented by the
expression 35𝑟 + 40𝑗. It’s given that the total distance they drove was under 220 miles. Therefore, the inequality
35𝑟 + 40𝑗 < 220 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total distance Rhett and Jessica drove was over,
rather than under, 220 miles.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which Rhett drove at an average speed of 40, rather than 35,
miles per hour, Jessica drove at an average speed of 35, rather than 40, miles per hour, and the total distance they drove was
over, rather than under, 220 miles.

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which Rhett drove at an average speed of 40, rather than 35,
miles per hour, and Jessica drove at an average speed of 35, rather than 40, miles per hour.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0d391910
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0d391910

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

ID: 0d391910 Answer

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale

The correct answer is 2. Substituting 8 for 𝑓𝑥 in the given equation yields 8 = 4𝑥. Dividing the left- and right-hand sides of
this equation by 4 yields 𝑥 = 2. Therefore, the value of 𝑥 is 2 when 𝑓𝑥 = 8.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 620fe971
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 620fe971
A team of workers has been moving cargo off of a ship. The equation below models the approximate number of tons of
cargo, y, that remains to be moved x hours after the team started working.

The graph of this equation in the xy-plane is a line. What is the best interpretation
of the x-intercept in this context?

A. The team will have moved all the cargo in about 4.8 hours.

B. The team has been moving about 4.8 tons of cargo per hour.

C. The team has been moving about 25 tons of cargo per hour.

D. The team started with 120 tons of cargo to move.

ID: 620fe971 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The x-intercept of the line with equation y = 120 – 25x can be found by substituting 0 for y and finding
the value of x. When y = 0, x = 4.8, so the x-intercept is at (4.8, 0). Since y represents the number of tons of cargo remaining
to be moved x hours after the team started working, it follows that the x-intercept refers to the team having no cargo
remaining to be moved after 4.8 hours. In other words, the team will have moved all of the cargo after about 4.8 hours.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from incorrectly interpreting the value 4.8. Choices C and D are incorrect and may result
from misunderstanding the x-intercept. These statements are accurate but not directly relevant to the x-intercept.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 541bef2f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 541bef2f

Which point is a solution to the given system of inequalities in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 541bef2f Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A point 𝑥, 𝑦 is a solution to a system of inequalities in the xy-plane if substituting the x-coordinate and
the y-coordinate of the point for 𝑥 and 𝑦, respectively, in each inequality makes both of the inequalities true. Substituting the
x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of choice D, 14 and 0, for 𝑥 and 𝑦, respectively, in the first inequality in the given system,
𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + 7, yields 0 ≤ 14 + 7, or 0 ≤ 21, which is true. Substituting 14 for 𝑥 and 0 for 𝑦 in the second inequality in the given
system, 𝑦 ≥ - 2𝑥 - 1, yields 0 ≥ - 214 - 1, or 0 ≥ - 29, which is true. Therefore, the point 14, 0 is a solution to the given system
of inequalities in the xy-plane.

Choice A is incorrect. Substituting -14 for 𝑥 and 0 for 𝑦 in the inequality 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + 7 yields 0 ≤ - 14 + 7, or 0 ≤ - 7, which is not
true.

Choice B is incorrect. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and -14 for 𝑦 in the inequality 𝑦 ≥ - 2𝑥 - 1 yields -14 ≥ - 20 - 1, or -14 ≥ - 1, which
is not true.

Choice C is incorrect. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 14 for 𝑦 in the inequality 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + 7 yields 14 ≤ 0 + 7, or 14 ≤ 7, which is not
true.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID fdee0fbf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: fdee0fbf

In the xy-plane, line k intersects the y-axis at the point and passes through
the point . If the point lies on line k, what is the value of w ?

ID: fdee0fbf Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 74. The y-intercept of a line in the xy-plane is the ordered pair of the point of intersection of the
line with the y-axis. Since line k intersects the y-axis at the point , it follows that is the y-intercept of this line.
An equation of any line in the xy-plane can be written in the form , where m is the slope of the line and b is the y-
coordinate of the y-intercept. Therefore, the equation of line k can be written as , or . The value of
m can be found by substituting the x- and y-coordinates from a point on the line, such as , for x and y, respectively. This
results in . Solving this equation for m gives . Therefore, an equation of line k is . The value of w
can be found by substituting the x-coordinate, 20, for x in the equation of line k and solving this equation for y. This gives
, or . Since w is the y-coordinate of this point, .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 3f5375d9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3f5375d9
The line graphed in the xy-plane below models the total cost, in dollars, for a cab ride, y, in a certain city during nonpeak
hours based on the number of miles traveled, x.

According to the graph, what is the cost for each additional mile traveled, in dollars,
of a cab ride?

A. $2.00

B. $2.60

C. $3.00

D. $5.00

ID: 3f5375d9 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The cost of each additional mile traveled is represented by the slope of the given line. The slope of the
line can be calculated by identifying two points on the line and then calculating the ratio of the change in y to the change in x

between the two points. Using the points and , the slope is equal to , or 2. Therefore, the cost for each
additional mile traveled of the cab ride is $2.00.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating the slope of the line that passes through the points and .
However, does not lie on the line shown. Choice C is incorrect. This is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph
and represents the flat fee for a cab ride before the charge for any miles traveled is added. Choice D is incorrect. This value
represents the total cost of a 1-mile cab ride.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 317e80f9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 317e80f9

What is the solution to the given system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 317e80f9 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The second equation in the given system defines the value of 𝑥 as 5𝑦. Substituting 5𝑦 for 𝑥 into the first
equation yields 5𝑦 + 𝑦 = 18 or 6𝑦 = 18. Dividing each side of this equation by 6 yields 𝑦 = 3. Substituting 3 for 𝑦 in the
second equation yields 53 = 𝑥 or 𝑥 = 15. Therefore, the solution 𝑥, 𝑦 to the given system of equations is 15, 3.

Choice B is incorrect. Substituting 16 for 𝑥 and 2 for 𝑦 in the second equation yields 52 = 16, which is not true. Therefore,
16, 2 is not a solution to the given system of equations.

Choice C is incorrect. Substituting 17 for 𝑥 and 1 for 𝑦 in the second equation yields 51 = 17, which is not true. Therefore,
17, 1 is not a solution to the given system of equations.

Choice D is incorrect. Substituting 18 for 𝑥 and 0 for 𝑦 in the second equation yields 50 = 18, which is not true. Therefore,
18, 0 is not a solution to the given system of equations.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b3abf40f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b3abf40f

The function gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that corresponds to a temperature of kelvins. If a
temperature increased by kelvins, by how much did the temperature increase, in degrees Fahrenheit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b3abf40f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

9
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function 𝐹𝑥 = 5 𝑥 - 273.15 + 32 gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that
corresponds to a temperature of 𝑥 kelvins. A temperature that increased by 9.10 kelvins means that the value of 𝑥 increased
9
by 9.10 kelvins. It follows that an increase in 𝑥 by 9.10 increases 𝐹 ( 𝑥 ) by 9.10, or 16.38. Therefore, if a temperature
5
increased by 9.10 kelvins, the temperature increased by 16.38 degrees Fahrenheit.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID b450ab03
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: b450ab03

An employee at a restaurant prepares sandwiches and salads. It takes the employee minutes to prepare a sandwich and
minutes to prepare a salad. The employee spends a total of minutes preparing sandwiches and salads. Which
equation represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b450ab03 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the employee takes 1.5 minutes to prepare a sandwich. Multiplying 1.5 by the number of
sandwiches, 𝑥, yields 1.5𝑥, the amount of time the employee spends preparing 𝑥 sandwiches. It’s also given that the
employee takes 1.9 minutes to prepare a salad. Multiplying 1.9 by the number of salads, 𝑦, yields 1.9𝑦, the amount of time the
employee spends preparing 𝑦 salads. It follows that the total amount of time, in minutes, the employee spends preparing 𝑥
sandwiches and 𝑦 salads is 1.5𝑥 + 1.9𝑦. It's given that the employee spends a total of 46.1 minutes preparing 𝑥 sandwiches
and 𝑦 salads. Thus, the equation 1.5𝑥 + 1.9𝑦 = 46.1 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where it takes the employee 1.9 minutes, rather than 1.5 minutes,
to prepare a sandwich and 1.5 minutes, rather than 1.9 minutes, to prepare a salad.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where it takes the employee 1 minute, rather than 1.5 minutes, to
prepare a sandwich and 1 minute, rather than 1.9 minutes, to prepare a salad.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where it takes the employee 30.7 minutes, rather than 1.5 minutes,
to prepare a sandwich and 24.3 minutes, rather than 1.9 minutes, to prepare a salad.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID f75bd744
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: f75bd744

In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?

ID: f75bd744 Answer

Correct Answer: 8

Rationale

The correct answer is 8. The given system of equations can be solved using the elimination method. Multiplying both sides
of the second equation in the given system by -2 yields -2𝑡𝑦 = - 1 - 4𝑥, or -1 - 4𝑥 = - 2𝑡𝑦. Adding this equation to the first
equation in the given system, 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 = 10𝑦 + 2, yields 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 + -1 - 4𝑥 = 10𝑦 + 2 + -2𝑡𝑦, or -1 - 6𝑦 = 10𝑦 - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2.
Subtracting 10𝑦 from both sides of this equation yields -1 - 6𝑦 - 10𝑦 = 10𝑦 - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2 - 10𝑦, or -1 - 16𝑦 = - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2. If the given
system has no solution, then the equation -1 - 16𝑦 = - 2𝑡𝑦 + 2 has no solution. If this equation has no solution, the
coefficients of 𝑦 on each side of the equation, -16 and -2𝑡, must be equal, which yields the equation -16 = - 2𝑡. Dividing both
sides of this equation by -2 yields 8 = 𝑡. Thus, if the system has no solution, the value of 𝑡 is 8.

Alternate approach: A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented by the
equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct. Lines represented by equations in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶
are constant terms, are parallel if the ratio of the x-coefficients is equal to the ratio of the y-coefficients, and distinct if the
ratio of the x-coefficients are not equal to the ratio of the constant terms. Subtracting 10𝑦 from both sides of the first
equation in the given system yields 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 - 10𝑦 = 10𝑦 + 2 - 10𝑦, or 4𝑥 - 16𝑦 = 2. Subtracting 2𝑥 from both sides of the
1 1
second equation in the given system yields 𝑡𝑦 - 2𝑥 = 2
+ 2𝑥 - 2𝑥, or -2𝑥 + 𝑡𝑦 = 2 . The ratio of the x-coefficients for these
2 1 𝑡
equations is - 4 , or - 2 . The ratio of the y-coefficients for these equations is - 16 . The ratio of the constant terms for these
1
1 1 1
equations is 2, or . Since the ratio of the x-coefficients, - , is not equal to the ratio of the constants, , the lines represented
2 4 2 4
1 𝑡
by the equations are distinct. Setting the ratio of the x-coefficients equal to the ratio of the y-coefficients yields - 2 = - 16 .
1 𝑡
Multiplying both sides of this equation by -16 yields - -16 = - -16, or 𝑡 = 8. Therefore, when 𝑡 = 8, the lines represented by
2 16
these equations are parallel. Thus, if the system has no solution, the value of 𝑡 is 8.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID b2845d88
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: b2845d88

Which of the following is an equation of the graph

shown in the xy-plane above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b2845d88 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The slope of the line can be found by choosing any two points on the line, such as (4, –2) and (0, –1).
Subtracting the y-values results in –2 – (–1) = –1, the change in y. Subtracting the x-values results in 4 – 0 = 4, the change in

x. Dividing the change in y by the change in x yields , the slope. The line intersects the y-axis at (0, –1), so –1
is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. This information can be expressed in slope-intercept form as the equation

Choice B is incorrect and may result from incorrectly calculating the slope and then misidentifying the slope as the y-
intercept. Choice C is incorrect and may result from misidentifying the slope as the y-intercept. Choice D is incorrect and
may result from incorrectly calculating the slope.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 6a87902f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 6a87902f

At how many points do the graphs of the given equations intersect in the xy-plane?

A. Zero

B. Exactly one

C. Exactly two

D. Infinitely many

ID: 6a87902f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has zero points of intersection if the lines
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane represented by
equations in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, are distinct if the y-coordinates of their y-intercepts, 𝑏, are different and are
parallel if their slopes, 𝑚, are the same. For the two equations in the given system, 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 10 and 𝑦 = 2𝑥 - 1, the values of 𝑏
are 10 and -1, respectively, and the values of 𝑚 are both 2. Since the values of 𝑏 are different, the graphs of these lines have
different y-coordinates of the y-intercept and are distinct. Since the values of 𝑚 are the same, the graphs of these lines have
the same slope and are parallel. Therefore, the graphs of the given equations are lines that intersect at zero points in the xy-
plane.

Choice B is incorrect. The graphs of a system of two linear equations have exactly one point of intersection if the lines
represented by the equations have different slopes. Since the given equations represent lines with the same slope, there is
not exactly one intersection point.

Choice C is incorrect. The graphs of a system of two linear equations can never have exactly two intersection points.

Choice D is incorrect. The graphs of a system of two linear equations have infinitely many intersection points when the lines
represented by the equations have the same slope and the same y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Since the given equations
represent lines with different y-coordinates of their y-intercepts, there are not infinitely many intersection points.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e470e19d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: e470e19d

The function is defined by . What is the x-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e470e19d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The given function 𝑓 is a linear function. Therefore, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane has one x-
intercept at the point 𝑘, 0, where 𝑘 is a constant. Substituting 0 for 𝑓𝑥 and 𝑘 for 𝑥 in the given function yields 0 = 7𝑘 - 84.
Adding 84 to both sides of this equation yields 84 = 7𝑘. Dividing both sides of this equation by 7 yields 12 = 𝑘. Therefore, the
x-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane is 12, 0.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f7e39fe9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: f7e39fe9

The table shows four values of and their corresponding values of . There is a linear relationship between and
that is defined by the equation , where is a constant. What is the value of ?

ID: f7e39fe9 Answer

Correct Answer: 11

Rationale

The correct answer is 11. It's given that 𝑓𝑥 is defined by the equation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑚𝑥 - 28, where 𝑚 is a constant. It's also given
in the table that when 𝑥 = 10, 𝑓𝑥 = 82. Substituting 10 for 𝑥 and 82 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 - 28 yields, 82 = 𝑚10 - 28.
Adding 28 to both sides of this equation yields 110 = 10𝑚. Dividing both sides of this equation by 10 yields 11 = 𝑚
. Therefore, the value of 𝑚 is 11.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e6cb2402
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: e6cb2402

In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has no solution. What is the value of ?

ID: e6cb2402 Answer

Correct Answer: .9411, .9412, 16/17

Rationale

16 48
The correct answer is 17
. It's given that the equation 3𝑘𝑥 + 13 = 17
𝑥 + 36 has no solution. A linear equation in the form
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 = 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑, where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, and 𝑑 are constants, has no solution only when the coefficients of 𝑥 on each side of the
equation are equal and the constant terms aren't equal. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 3 yields
48 36 16
𝑘𝑥 + 13 =
51
𝑥 +
3
, or 𝑘𝑥 + 13 = 17
𝑥 + 12. Since the coefficients of 𝑥 on each side of the equation must be equal, it follows
16
that the value of 𝑘 is . Note that 16/17, .9411, .9412, and 0.941 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
17

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6e6a3241
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 6e6a3241

Which of the following graphs in the xy-plane could be used to

solve the system of equations above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6e6a3241 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The graph of a system of equations is the graph that shows the lines represented by each of the
equations in the system. The x-intercept of the graph of each given equation can be found by substituting 0 for y in each
equation: , or , and , or . The y-intercept of the graph of each equation can be found
by substituting 0 for x in each equation: , or , and or . Using these x- and y- intercept
values, the line that has equation passes through the points and , and the line that has equation
passes through the points and . Only the lines in choice C pass through these points and can be
used to solve the given system of equations.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. In choices A and B, neither line passes through and or and . In

choice D, although one line passes through and the other line doesn’t pass through and .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 6ac23de7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 6ac23de7

In the equation above, what is

the value of x ?

A. 25

B. 24

C. 16

D. 15

ID: 6ac23de7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Multiplying both sides of the equation by 5 results in . Dividing both sides of the resulting
equation by 4 results in .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from adding 20 and 4. Choice C is incorrect and may result from dividing 20 by 5 and
then multiplying the result by 4. Choice D is incorrect and may result from subtracting 5 from 20.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 6c71f3ec
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 6c71f3ec

A salesperson’s total earnings consist of a base salary of dollars per year, plus commission earnings of of the total
sales the salesperson makes during the year. This year, the salesperson has a goal for the total earnings to be at least
times and at most times the base salary. Which of the following inequalities represents all possible values of total sales ,
in dollars, the salesperson can make this year in order to meet that goal?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6c71f3ec Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that a salesperson's total earnings consist of a base salary of 𝑥 dollars per year plus
commission earnings of 11% of the total sales the salesperson makes during the year. If the salesperson makes 𝑠 dollars in
total sales this year, the salesperson’s total earnings can be represented by the expression 𝑥 + 0.11𝑠. It’s also given that the
salesperson has a goal for the total earnings to be at least 3 times and at most 4 times the base salary, which can be
represented by the expressions 3𝑥 and 4𝑥, respectively. Therefore, this situation can be represented by the inequality
3𝑥 ≤ 𝑥 + 0.11𝑠 ≤ 4𝑥. Subtracting 𝑥 from each part of this inequality yields 2𝑥 ≤ 0.11𝑠 ≤ 3𝑥. Dividing each part of this
2 3 2 3
inequality by 0.11 yields 0.11
𝑥 ≤𝑠≤
0.11
𝑥. Therefore, the inequality 0.11
𝑥 ≤𝑠≤
0.11
𝑥 represents all possible values of total
sales 𝑠, in dollars, the salesperson can make this year in order to meet their goal.

Choice A is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total sales, rather than the total earnings, are at least
2 times and at most 3 times, rather than at least 3 times and at most 4 times, the base salary.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total sales, rather than the total earnings, are at least
3 times and at most 4 times the base salary.

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a situation in which the total earnings are at least 4 times and at most 5
times, rather than at least 3 times and at most 4 times, the base salary.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 7392dfc1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 7392dfc1

Which of the following is

equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7392dfc1 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Dividing each side of the original equation by yields , which simplifies to .

Choice A is incorrect. Dividing each side of the original equation by gives , which is not equivalent to

. Choice B is incorrect. Dividing each side of the original equation by gives , which is not equivalent to

. Choice C is incorrect. Dividing each side of the original equation by gives , which is not equivalent to
.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID f5929f7a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: f5929f7a

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f5929f7a Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

1 1
Choice C is correct. It's given by the first equation in the system that 𝑦 = - 9 𝑥. Substituting - 9 𝑥 for 𝑦 in the second equation in
1 1 2 9 2 9
the system yields - 9 𝑥 = 2 𝑥. Multiplying the left-hand side of this equation by 2
and the right-hand side by 9
yields - 18 𝑥 = 18
𝑥.
2 11 18
Adding 𝑥 to both sides of this equation yields 0 = 𝑥. Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields 𝑥 = 0.
18 18 11

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID aff28230
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: aff28230

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: aff28230 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given by the first equation in the given system of equations that 𝑥 = 10. Substituting 10 for 𝑥 in the
second equation in the given system yields 𝑦 = 10 + 21, or 𝑦 = 31. Therefore, the value of 𝑦 is 31.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not the value of 𝑦.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 93954cfa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 93954cfa

One pound of grapes costs $2. At this rate, how many

dollars will c pounds of grapes cost?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 93954cfa Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. If one pound of grapes costs $2, two pounds of grapes will cost 2 times $2, three pounds of grapes will
cost 3 times $2, and so on. Therefore, c pounds of grapes will cost c times $2, which is 2c dollars.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from incorrectly adding instead of multiplying. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
assuming that c pounds cost $2, and then finding the cost per pound. Choice D is incorrect and could result from incorrectly
assuming that 2 pounds cost $c, and then finding the cost per pound.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 5cf1bbc9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 5cf1bbc9

The graph of the function , where , gives the total cost , in dollars, for a certain video game system and
games. What is the best interpretation of the slope of the graph in this context?

A. Each game costs .

B. The video game system costs .

C. The video game system costs .

D. Each game costs .

ID: 5cf1bbc9 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The given graph is a line, and the slope of a line is defined as the change in the value of 𝑦 for each
increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1. It’s given that 𝑦 represents the total cost, in dollars, and that 𝑥 represents the number of
games. Therefore, the change in the value of 𝑦 for each increase in the value of 𝑥 by 1 represents the change in total cost, in
dollars, for each increase in the number of games by 1. In other words, the slope represents the cost, in dollars, per game.
The graph shows that when the value of 𝑥 increases from 0 to 1, the value of 𝑦 increases from 100 to 125. It follows that the
slope is 25, or the cost per game is $ 25. Thus, the best interpretation of the slope of the graph is that each game costs
$ 25.

Choice B is incorrect. This is an interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph rather than the slope of the graph.
Choice C is incorrect. The slope of the graph is the cost per game, not the cost of the video game system.

Choice D is incorrect. Each game costs $ 25, not $ 100.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 74c03c21
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 74c03c21

A bus traveled on the highway and on local roads to complete a trip of . The trip took . The bus traveled at
an average speed of on the highway and an average speed of on local roads. If is the
time, in hours, the bus traveled on the highway and is the time, in hours, it traveled on local roads, which system of
equations represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 74c03c21 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. If the bus traveled at an average speed of 55 miles per hour mph on the highway for 𝑥 hours, then
the bus traveled 55𝑥 miles on the highway. If the bus traveled at an average speed of 25 mph on local roads for 𝑦 hours,
then the bus traveled 25𝑦 miles on local roads. It's given that the trip was 160 miles. This can be represented by the equation
55𝑥 + 25𝑦 = 160. It's also given that the trip took 4 hours. This can be represented by the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4. Therefore, the
system consisting of the equations 55𝑥 + 25𝑦 = 160 and 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect. This system of equations represents a situation where the trip was 4 miles and took 160 hours.

Choice C is incorrect. This system of equations represents a situation where the trip was 4 miles and took 160 hours, and the
bus traveled at an average speed of 25 mph on the highway and 55 mph on local roads.

Choice D is incorrect. This system of equations represents a situation where the bus traveled at an average speed of
25 mph on the highway and 55 mph on local roads.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9c7741c6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 9c7741c6

On a 210-mile trip, Cameron drove at an average speed of 60 miles per hour for the
first x hours. He then completed the trip, driving at an average speed of 50 miles
per hour for the remaining y hours. If , what is the value of y ?

ID: 9c7741c6 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 3. It’s given that Cameron drove 60 miles per hour for x hours; therefore, the distance driven at this
speed can be represented by . He then drove 50 miles per hour for y hours; therefore, the distance driven at this speed
can be represented by . Since Cameron drove 210 total miles, the equation represents this situation.
If , substitution yields , or . Subtracting 60 from both sides of this equation yields
. Dividing both sides of this equation by 50 yields .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 68f2cbaf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 68f2cbaf

Ty set a goal to walk at least kilometers every day to prepare for a multiday hike. On a certain day, Ty plans to walk at an
average speed of kilometers per hour. What is the minimum number of hours Ty must walk on that day to fulfill the daily
goal?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 68f2cbaf Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that Ty plans to walk at an average speed of 4 kilometers per hour. The number of kilometers
Ty will walk is determined by the expression 4𝑠, where 𝑠 is the number of hours Ty walks. The given goal of at least 24
kilometers means that the inequality 4𝑠 ≥ 24 represents the situation. Dividing both sides of this inequality by 4 gives 𝑠 ≥ 6 ,
which corresponds to a minimum of 6 hours Ty must walk.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8a87c2c8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 8a87c2c8

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8a87c2c8 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Adding the second equation in the given system to the first equation in the given system yields
𝑥 + 3 + 𝑥 - 3 = -2𝑦 + 5 + 2𝑦 + 7. Adding like terms in this equation yields 2𝑥 = 12. Thus, the value of 2𝑥 is 12.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑦, not 2𝑥.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not 2𝑥.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 60f71697
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 60f71697

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 60f71697 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 8 yields 𝑥 = 11. Therefore, 11 is the solution to the given
equation.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the solution to the equation 𝑥 + 8 = 88.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the solution to the equation 𝑥 - 8 = 88.

𝑥
Choice D is incorrect. This is the solution to the equation 8
= 88.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 3d04de9c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 3d04de9c

A principal used a total of flags that were either blue or yellow for field day. The principal used blue flags. How many
yellow flags were used?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3d04de9c Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that a principal used a total of 25 blue flags and yellow flags. It's also given that of the 25 flags
used, 20 flags were blue. Subtracting the number of blue flags used from the total number of flags used results in the
number of yellow flags used. It follows that the number of yellow flags used is 25 - 20, or 5.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of blue flags used.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the total number of flags used.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 70feb725
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 70feb725

During a month, Morgan ran r miles at 5 miles per hour and biked b miles at
10 miles per hour. She ran and biked a total of 200 miles that month, and she biked
for twice as many hours as she ran. What is the total number of miles that Morgan
biked during the month?

A. 80

B. 100

C. 120

D. 160

ID: 70feb725 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The number of hours Morgan spent running or biking can be calculated by dividing the distance she
traveled during that activity by her speed, in miles per hour, for that activity. So the number of hours she ran can be

represented by the expression , and the number of hours she biked can be represented by the expression . It’s given

that she biked for twice as many hours as she ran, so this can be represented by the equation , which can be
rewritten as . It’s also given that she ran r miles and biked b miles, and that she ran and biked a total of 200 miles.
This can be represented by the equation . Substituting for b in this equation yields , or .
Solving for r yields . Determining the number of miles she biked, b, can be found by substituting 40 for r in
, which yields . Solving for b yields .

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they don’t satisfy that Morgan biked for twice as many hours as she ran. In choice
A, if she biked 80 miles, then she ran 120 miles, which means she biked for 8 hours and ran for 24 hours. In choice B, if she
biked 100 miles, then she ran 100 miles, which means she biked for 10 hours and ran for 20 hours. In choice C, if she biked
120 miles, then she ran for 80 miles, which means she biked for 12 hours and ran for 16 hours.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID b988eeec
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b988eeec

The functions and are defined as and . If the function is defined as

, what is the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?

ID: b988eeec Answer

Correct Answer: -12

Rationale

1 3
The correct answer is -12. It's given that the functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 are defined as 𝑓𝑥 = 4 𝑥 - 9 and 𝑔𝑥 = 4 𝑥 + 21. If the function ℎ
1 3 1 3
is defined as ℎ𝑥 = 𝑓𝑥 + 𝑔𝑥, then substituting 4 𝑥 - 9 for 𝑓𝑥 and 4 𝑥 + 21 for 𝑔𝑥 in this function yields ℎ𝑥 = 4 𝑥 - 9 + 4 𝑥 + 21.
4
This can be rewritten as ℎ𝑥 = 𝑥 + 12, or ℎ𝑥 = 𝑥 + 12. The x-intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is the point on the graph
4
where 𝑦 = 0. The equation representing the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 is 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 12. Substituting 0 for 𝑦 in this equation yields
0 = 𝑥 + 12. Subtracting 12 from both sides of this equation yields -12 = 𝑥, or 𝑥 = - 12. Therefore, the x-coordinate of the x-
intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 in the xy-plane is -12.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e1259a5a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: e1259a5a
A system of two linear equations is graphed in the xy-plane below.

Which of the following points is the solution to

the system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e1259a5a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The solution to this system of linear equations is the point that lies on both lines graphed, or the point of
intersection of the two lines. According to the graphs, the point of intersection occurs when and , or at the point
.

Choices B and D are incorrect. Each of these points lies on one line, but not on both lines in the xy-plane. Choice C is
incorrect. This point doesn’t lie on either of the lines graphed in the xy-plane.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8abed0fb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 8abed0fb

What is the solution to the given

system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8abed0fb Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since it’s given that , substituting 1 for x in the first equation yields . Simplifying the
right-hand side of this equation yields , or . Therefore, the ordered pair is a solution to the given system
of equations.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from a calculation error when substituting 1 for x in the first equation. Choices C and D
are incorrect. Because it’s given that , x cannot equal 2 as stated in these ordered pairs.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 13294295
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 13294295

The graph shown models the number of candy bars a certain machine wraps with a label in seconds.

According to the graph, what is the estimated number of candy bars the machine wraps with a label per second?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 13294295 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents time, in seconds, and the y-axis represents the number of
candy bars wrapped. The slope of a line in the xy-plane is the change in 𝑦 for each 1-unit increase in 𝑥. It follows that the
slope of the graph shown represents the estimated number of candy bars the machine wraps with a label per second. The
slope, 𝑚, of a line in the xy-plane can be found using any two points, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , on the line and the slope formula
𝑦2 - 𝑦1
𝑚= . The graph shown passes through the points 0, 0 and 2, 80. Substituting these points for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ,
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
80 - 0 80
respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = 2-0
, which is equivalent to 𝑚 = 2
, or 𝑚 = 40. Therefore, the estimated number
of candy bars the machine wraps with a label per second is 40.
Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID ed92fb68
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ed92fb68

If the system of equations above has solution ,

what is the value of ?

A. 0

B. 9

C. 18

D. 38

ID: ed92fb68 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Adding the given equations yields 9x + 9y = 162. Dividing each side of the equation 9x + 9y = 162 by 9
gives x + y = 18.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from incorrectly adding the equations. Choice B is incorrect and may result from
conceptual or computational errors. Choice D is incorrect. This value is equivalent to y – x.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 1a621af4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 1a621af4

A number is at most less than times the value of . If the value of is , what is the greatest possible value of ?

ID: 1a621af4 Answer

Correct Answer: -14

Rationale

The correct answer is -14. It's given that a number 𝑥 is at most 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. Therefore, 𝑥 is less than or
equal to 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. The expression 3𝑦 represents 3 times the value of 𝑦. The expression 3𝑦 - 2
represents 2 less than 3 times the value of 𝑦. Therefore, 𝑥 is less than or equal to 3𝑦 - 2. This can be shown by the inequality
𝑥 ≤ 3𝑦 - 2. Substituting -4 for 𝑦 in this inequality yields 𝑥 ≤ 3-4 - 2 or, 𝑥 ≤ - 14. Therefore, if the value of 𝑦 is -4, the greatest
possible value of 𝑥 is -14.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 3e9eaffc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3e9eaffc

Caleb used juice to make popsicles. The function approximates the volume, in fluid ounces, of juice
Caleb had remaining after making popsicles. Which statement is the best interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph of
in the xy-plane in this context?

A. Caleb used approximately fluid ounces of juice for each popsicle.

B. Caleb had approximately fluid ounces of juice when he began to make the popsicles.

C. Caleb had approximately fluid ounces of juice when he began to make the popsicles.

D. Caleb used approximately fluid ounces of juice for each popsicle.

ID: 3e9eaffc Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. An equation that defines a linear function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 represents
the slope and 𝑏 represents the y-intercept, 0, 𝑏, of the line of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane. The function 𝑓𝑥 = - 5𝑥 + 30 is linear.
Therefore, the graph of the given function 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane has a y-intercept of 0, 30. It’s given that 𝑓𝑥 gives the
approximate volume, in fluid ounces, of juice Caleb had remaining after making 𝑥 popsicles. It follows that the y-intercept of
0, 30 means that Caleb had approximately 30 fluid ounces of juice remaining after making 0 popsicles. In other words, Caleb
had approximately 30 fluid ounces of juice when he began to make the popsicles.

Choice A is incorrect. This is an interpretation of the slope, rather than the y-intercept, of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID af2ba762
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: af2ba762
According to data provided by the US Department of Energy, the average price per gallon of regular gasoline in the
United States from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014, is modeled by the function F defined below, where is
the average price per gallon x months after September 1.

The constant 2.74 in this function estimates which of the following?

A. The average monthly decrease in the price per gallon

B. The difference in the average price per gallon from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014

C. The average price per gallon on September 1, 2014

D. The average price per gallon on December 1, 2014

ID: af2ba762 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since 2.74 is a constant term, it represents an actual price of gas rather than a measure of change in gas
price. To determine what gas price it represents, find x such that F(x) = 2.74, or 2.74 = 2.74 – 0.19(x – 3). Subtracting 2.74
from both sides gives 0 = –0.19(x – 3). Dividing both sides by –0.19 results in 0 = x – 3, or x = 3. Therefore, the average price
of gas is $2.74 per gallon 3 months after September 1, 2014, which is December 1, 2014.

Choice A is incorrect. Since 2.74 is a constant, not a multiple of x, it cannot represent a rate of change in price. Choice B is
incorrect. The difference in the average price from September 1, 2014, to December 1, 2014, is F(3) – F(0) = 2.74 – 0.19(3 –
3) – (2.74 – 0.19(0 – 3)) = 2.74 – (2.74 + 0.57) = –0.57, which is not 2.74. Choice C is incorrect. The average price per gallon
on September 1, 2014, is F(0) = 2.74 – 0.19(0 – 3) = 2.74 + 0.57 = 3.31, which is not 2.74.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 19fdf387
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 19fdf387

In the xy-plane, the graph of intersects the graph of at

the point . What is the value of a ?

A. 3

B. 6

C. 9

D. 12

ID: 19fdf387 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Since the graph of intersects the graph of at the point , the ordered pair
is the solution to the system of linear equations consisting of and , and the value of a is the value of x
in the solution of this system. Since both and are equal to y, it follows that . Subtracting x from
and adding 6 to both sides of the equation yields . Therefore, the value of a is 9.

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from a calculation or conceptual error in solving the system of equations
consisting of and . Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of b, not a.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a775af14
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a775af14

In the xy-plane, the graph of the linear function contains the points and . Which equation defines , where
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a775af14 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. In the xy-plane, the graph of a linear function can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 represents
the slope and 0, 𝑏 represents the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥. It’s given that the graph of the linear function 𝑓, where
𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥, in the xy-plane contains the point 0, 2. Thus, 𝑏 = 2. The slope of the graph of a line containing any two points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1
𝑦2 - 𝑦1
and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 can be found using the slope formula, 𝑚 = . Since it’s given that the graph of the linear function 𝑓 contains
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
34 - 2
the points 0, 2 and 8, 34, it follows that the slope of the graph of the line containing these points is 𝑚 = 8-0
, or 𝑚 = 4.
Substituting 4 for 𝑚 and 2 for 𝑏 in 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 2.

Choice A is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 2 and a y-intercept of 0, 42.

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 32 and a y-intercept of 0, 36.

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents a graph with a slope of 8 and a y-intercept of 0, 2.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID db0107df
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: db0107df

The y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane is . What is the value of ?

ID: db0107df Answer

Correct Answer: 9

Rationale

The correct answer is 9. It's given that the y-intercept of the graph of 12𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 18 in the xy-plane is 0, 𝑦. Substituting 0 for 𝑥
in the equation 12𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 18 yields 120 + 2𝑦 = 18, or 2𝑦 = 18. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑦 = 9.
Therefore, the value of 𝑦 is 9.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b9835972
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: b9835972

In the xy-plane, line 𝓁 passes through the point and is parallel to the line represented by the equation . If
line 𝓁 also passes through the point , what is the value of ?

ID: b9835972 Answer

Correct Answer: 24

Rationale

The correct answer is 24. A line in the xy-plane can be defined by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line
and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. It's given that line 𝑙 passes through the point 0, 0. Therefore, the y-
coordinate of the y-intercept of line 𝑙 is 0. It's given that line 𝑙 is parallel to the line represented by the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 2.
Since parallel lines have the same slope, it follows that the slope of line 𝑙 is 8. Therefore, line 𝑙 can be defined by an equation
in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 = 8 and 𝑏 = 0. Substituting 8 for 𝑚 and 0 for 𝑏 in 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 0,
or 𝑦 = 8𝑥 . If line 𝑙 passes through the point 3, 𝑑, then when 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 𝑑 for the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥. Substituting 3 for 𝑥 and 𝑑 for
𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥 yields 𝑑 = 83, or 𝑑 = 24.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID df32b09c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: df32b09c

Tom scored 85, 78, and 98 on his first three exams in history class. Solving which
inequality gives the score, G, on Tom’s fourth exam that will result in a mean score
on all four exams of at least 90 ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: df32b09c Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The mean of the four scores (G, 85, 78, and 98) can be expressed as . The inequality

that expresses the condition that the mean score is at least 90 can therefore be written as .

Choice A is incorrect. The sum of the scores (G, 85, 78, and 98) isn’t divided by 4 to express the mean. Choice B is incorrect
and may be the result of an algebraic error when multiplying both sides of the inequality by 4. Choice D is incorrect because
it doesn’t include G in the mean with the other three scores.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID e1248a5c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: e1248a5c

In the system of equations below, a and c are constants.

If the system of equations has an infinite number of

solutions , what is the value of a ?

A.

B. 0

C.

D.

ID: e1248a5c Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A system of two linear equations has infinitely many solutions if one equation is equivalent to the other.
This means that when the two equations are written in the same form, each coefficient or constant in one equation is equal
to the corresponding coefficient or constant in the other equation multiplied by the same number. The equations in the given
system of equations are written in the same form, with x and y on the left-hand side and a constant on the right-hand side of
the equation. The coefficient of y in the second equation is equal to the coefficient of y in the first equation multiplied by 3.
Therefore, a, the coefficient of x in the second equation, must be equal to 3 times the coefficient of x in the first equation:

, or .

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. When , , or , the given system of equations has one solution.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID b8cbe394
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b8cbe394

Sean rents a tent at a cost of per day plus a onetime insurance fee of . Which equation represents the total cost , in
dollars, to rent the tent with insurance for days?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b8cbe394 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the cost of renting a tent is $ 11 per day for 𝑑 days. Multiplying the rental cost by the
number of days yields $ 11𝑑, which represents the cost of renting the tent for 𝑑 days before the insurance is added. Adding
the onetime insurance fee of $ 10 to the rental cost of $ 11𝑑 gives the total cost 𝑐, in dollars, which can be represented by
the equation 𝑐 = 11𝑑 + 10.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents the total cost to rent the tent if the insurance fee was charged every day.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents the total cost to rent the tent if the daily fee was $ 𝑑 + 11 for 10 days.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents the total cost to rent the tent if the daily fee was $ 10 and the onetime fee
was $ 11.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID bf5f80c6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: bf5f80c6

Which point ( , ) is a solution to the given inequality in the -plane?

A. ( , )

B. ( , )

C. ( , )

D. ( , )

ID: bf5f80c6 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice D is correct. For a point 𝑥, 𝑦 to be a solution to the given inequality in the xy-plane, the value of the point’s y-coordinate
must be less than the value of -4𝑥 + 4, where 𝑥 is the value of the x-coordinate of the point. This is true of the point -4, 0
because 0 < - 4-4 + 4, or 0 < 20. Therefore, the point -4, 0 is a solution to the given inequality.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. None of these points are a solution to the given inequality because each point’s y-
coordinate is greater than the value of -4𝑥 + 4 for the point’s x-coordinate.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID dae126d7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: dae126d7

The boiling point of water at sea level is 212 degrees Fahrenheit . For every
550 feet above sea level, the boiling point of water is lowered by about . Which
of the following equations can be used to find the boiling point B of water, in ,x
feet above sea level?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dae126d7 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the boiling point of water at sea level is 212°F and that for every 550 feet above sea level,
the boiling point of water is lowered by about 1°F. Therefore, the change in the boiling point of water x feet above sea level is

represented by the expression . Adding this expression to the boiling point of water at sea level gives the equation

for the boiling point B of water, in °F, x feet above sea level: , or .

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from using the boiling point of water at sea level as the rate of change and the
rate of change as the initial boiling point of water at sea level. Choice C is incorrect and may result from representing the
change in the boiling point of water as an increase rather than a decrease.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID cc7ffe02
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: cc7ffe02

Keenan made cups of vegetable broth. Keenan then filled small jars and large jars with all the vegetable broth he
made. The equation represents this situation. Which is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. The number of large jars Keenan filled

B. The number of small jars Keenan filled

C. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the large jars

D. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the small jars

ID: cc7ffe02 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the equation 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 32 represents the situation where Keenan filled 𝑥 small jars and 𝑦
large jars with all the vegetable broth he made, which was 32 cups. Therefore, 3𝑥 represents the total number of cups of
vegetable broth in the small jars and 5𝑦 represents the total number of cups of vegetable broth in the large jars.

Choice A is incorrect. The number of large jars Keenan filled is represented by 𝑦, not 5𝑦.

Choice B is incorrect. The number of small jars Keenan filled is represented by 𝑥, not 5𝑦.

Choice D is incorrect. The total number of cups of vegetable broth in the small jars is represented by 3𝑥, not 5𝑦.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 05bb1af9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 05bb1af9

The graph of is shown. Which equation defines function ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 05bb1af9 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. An equation for the graph shown can be written in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope
of the graph and its y-intercept is 0, 𝑏. Since the y-intercept of the graph shown is 0, 2, the value of 𝑏 is 2. Since the graph also
1-2 1 1 1
passes through the point 4, 1, the slope can be calculated as 4-0
, or - . Therefore, the value of 𝑚 is - . Substituting - for 𝑚
4 4 4
1
and 2 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = - 4 𝑥 + 2. It’s given that an equation for the graph shown is 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 + 14.
1 1
Substituting 𝑓𝑥 + 14 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = - 4 𝑥 + 2 yields 𝑓𝑥 + 14 = - 4 𝑥 + 2. Subtracting 14 from both sides of this
1
equation yields 𝑓𝑥 = - 𝑥 - 12.
4

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 12983c1e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 12983c1e

Some values of the linear function f are shown in the table above.
Which of the following defines f ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 12983c1e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Because f is a linear function of x, the equation , where m and b are constants, can be
used to define the relationship between x and f (x). In this equation, m represents the increase in the value of f (x) for every
increase in the value of x by 1. From the table, it can be determined that the value of f (x) increases by 8 for every increase in

the value of x by 2. In other words, for the function f the value of m is , or 4. The value of b can be found by substituting
the values of x and f (x) from any row of the table and the value of m into the equation and solving for b. For
example, using , , and yields . Solving for b yields . Therefore, the equation defining
the function f can be written in the form .

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Any equation defining the linear function f must give values of f (x) for corresponding
values of x, as shown in each row of the table. According to the table, if , . However, substituting into
the equation given in choice A gives , or , not 13. Similarly, substituting into the equation
given in choice B gives , or , not 13.

Lastly, substituting into the equation given in choice D gives , or , not 13. Therefore, the
equations in choices A, B, and D cannot define f.
Question Difficulty: Easy
Question ID 8368afd1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 8368afd1

The graph shows the possible combinations of the number of pounds of tangerines and lemons that could be purchased for
at a certain store. If Melvin purchased lemons and pounds of tangerines for a total of , how many pounds of
lemons did he purchase?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8368afd1 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that the graph shows the possible combinations of the number of pounds of tangerines, 𝑥, and
the number of pounds of lemons, 𝑦, that could be purchased for $ 18 at a certain store. If Melvin purchased lemons and 4
pounds of tangerines for a total of $ 18, the number of pounds of lemons he purchased is represented by the y-coordinate of
the point on the graph where 𝑥 = 4. For the graph shown, when 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 10. Therefore, if Melvin purchased lemons and 4
pounds of tangerines for a total of $ 18, then he purchased 10 pounds of lemons.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of pounds of tangerines Melvin purchased if he purchased tangerines and 4 pounds
of lemons for a total of $ 18.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the number of pounds of lemons Melvin purchased if he purchased lemons and 2 pounds of
tangerines for a total of $ 18.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of pounds of lemons Melvin purchased if he purchased lemons and 1 pound of
tangerines for a total of $ 18.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID ae2287e2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: ae2287e2

A certain product costs a company $65 to make. The product is sold by a

salesperson who earns a commission that is equal to 20% of the sales price of the
product. The profit the company makes for each unit is equal to the sales price
minus the combined cost of making the product and the commission. If the sales
price of the product is $100, which of the following equations gives the number of
units, u, of the product the company sold to make a profit of $6,840 ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ae2287e2 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The sales price of one unit of the product is given as $100. Because the salesperson is awarded a
commission equal to 20% of the sales price, the expression 100(1 – 0.2) gives the sales price of one unit after the
commission is deducted. It is also given that the profit is equal to the sales price minus the combined cost of making the
product, or $65, and the commission: 100(1 – 0.2) – 65. Multiplying this expression by u gives the profit of u units: (100(1 –
0.2) – 65)u. Finally, it is given that the profit for u units is $6,840; therefore (100(1 – 0.2) – 65)u = $6,840.

Choice B is incorrect. In this equation, cost is subtracted before commission and the equation gives the commission, not
what the company retains after commission. Choice C is incorrect because the number of units is multiplied only by the cost
but not by the sale price. Choice D is incorrect because the value 0.2 shows the commission, not what the company retains
after commission.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c307283c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: c307283c

What is an equation of the graph shown?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c307283c Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. An equation of a line can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line and 0, 𝑏 is
the y-intercept of the line. The line shown passes through the point 0, - 8, so 𝑏 = - 8. The line shown also passes through the
𝑦 -𝑦
point -8, 0. The slope, 𝑚, of a line passing through two points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 can be calculated using the equation 𝑚 = 2 1
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
-8 - 0
. For the points 0, - 8 and -8, 0, this gives 𝑚 = 0 - -8
, or 𝑚 = - 1. Substituting -8 for 𝑏 and -1 for 𝑚 in 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
𝑦 = -1𝑥 + -8, or 𝑦 = - 𝑥 - 8. Therefore, an equation of the graph shown is 𝑦 = - 𝑥 - 8.

Choice A is incorrect. This is an equation of a line with a slope of -2, not -1.
Choice B is incorrect. This is an equation of a line with a slope of 1, not -1.

Choice D is incorrect. This is an equation of a line with a slope of 2, not -1.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 52cb8ea4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 52cb8ea4

If is the solution to the system of equations above,

what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C. 5

D. 13

ID: 52cb8ea4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Subtracting the second equation, , from the first equation, , results in
, or . Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields
.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from miscalculating as . Choice C is incorrect and may result from
miscalculating as 5. Choice D is incorrect and may result from adding 9 to 4 instead of subtracting 9 from 4.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4de87c9a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 4de87c9a

more than times a number is equal to . Which equation represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4de87c9a Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The given phrase “8 times a number 𝑥” can be represented by the expression 8𝑥. The given phrase “3
more than” indicates an increase of 3 to a quantity. Therefore “3 more than 8 times a number 𝑥” can be represented by the
expression 8𝑥 + 3. Since it’s given that 3 more than 8 times a number 𝑥 is equal to 83, it follows that 8𝑥 + 3 is equal to 83, or
8𝑥 + 3 = 83. Therefore, the equation that represents this situation is 8𝑥 + 3 = 83.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents 3 times the quantity 8 times a number 𝑥 is equal to 83.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents 8 times a number 𝑥 is equal to 3 more than 83.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents 8 more than 3 times a number 𝑥 is equal to 83.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 720e51ac
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 720e51ac

The cost , in dollars, for a manufacturer to make rings is represented by the line shown.

What is the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make rings?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 720e51ac Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The line shown represents the cost 𝑦, in dollars, for a manufacturer to make 𝑥 rings. For the line shown,
the x-axis represents the number of rings made by the manufacturer and the y-axis represents the cost, in dollars. Therefore,
the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make 60 rings is represented by the y-coordinate of the point on the line that has
an x-coordinate of 60. The point on the line with an x-coordinate of 60 has a y-coordinate of 175. Therefore, the cost, in
dollars, for the manufacturer to make 60 rings is 175.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make 20 rings.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the cost, in dollars, for the manufacturer to make 100 rings.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 1362ccde
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 1362ccde

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: 1362ccde Answer

Correct Answer: 35

Rationale

The correct answer is 35. The first equation in the given system of equations defines 𝑦 as 4𝑥 + 1. Substituting 4𝑥 + 1 for 𝑦 in
the second equation in the given system of equations yields 44𝑥 + 1 = 15𝑥 - 8. Applying the distributive property on the left-
hand side of this equation yields 16𝑥 + 4 = 15𝑥 - 8. Subtracting 15𝑥 from each side of this equation yields 𝑥 + 4 = - 8.
Subtracting 4 from each side of this equation yields 𝑥 = - 12. Substituting -12 for 𝑥 in the first equation of the given system
of equations yields 𝑦 = 4-12 + 1, or 𝑦 = - 47. Substituting -12 for 𝑥 and -47 for 𝑦 into the expression 𝑥 - 𝑦 yields -12 - -47, or
35.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 70d9516e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 70d9516e

A bus is traveling at a constant speed along a straight portion of road. The equation gives the distance , in feet
from a road marker, that the bus will be seconds after passing the marker. How many feet from the marker will the bus be
seconds after passing the marker?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 70d9516e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that 𝑡 represents the number of seconds after the bus passes the marker. Substituting 2 for 𝑡 in
the given equation 𝑑 = 30𝑡 yields 𝑑 = 302, or 𝑑 = 60. Therefore, the bus will be 60 feet from the marker 2 seconds after
passing it.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the distance, in feet, the bus will be from the marker 1 second, not 2 seconds, after passing it.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the distance, in feet, the bus will be from the marker 3 seconds, not 2 seconds, after passing it.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 271f7e3f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 271f7e3f

For the function f defined above, what is the

value of ?

A. 1

B. 2

C.

D.

ID: 271f7e3f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The value of can be calculated by finding the values of and . The value of

can be found by substituting 9 for x in the given function: . This equation can be rewritten as , or

4. Then, the value of can be found by substituting 1 for x in the given function: . This equation can be

rewritten as , or 2. Therefore, , which is equivalent to 2.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from incorrectly substituting values of x in the given function or making
computational errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 80da233d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 80da233d

A certain elephant weighs 200 pounds at birth and gains more than 2 but less than
3 pounds per day during its first year. Which of the following inequalities
represents all possible weights w, in pounds, for the elephant 365 days after birth?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 80da233d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the elephant weighs 200 pounds at birth and gains more than 2 pounds but less than 3
pounds per day during its first year. The inequality represents this situation, where d is the
number of days after birth. Substituting 365 for d in the inequality gives , or
.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from solving the inequality . Choice B is incorrect and may result
from solving the inequality for a weight range of more than 1 pound but less than 2 pounds:
. Choice C is incorrect and may result from calculating the possible weight gained by the
elephant during the first year without adding the 200 pounds the elephant weighed at birth.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9db5b5c1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 9db5b5c1

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9db5b5c1 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that 4𝑥 = 20 and -3𝑥 + 𝑦 = - 7 is a system of equations with a solution 𝑥, 𝑦. Adding the second
equation in the given system to the first equation yields 4𝑥 + ( - 3𝑥 + 𝑦 ) = 20 + -7, which is equivalent to 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 13. Thus,
the value of 𝑥 + 𝑦 is 13.

Choice A is incorrect. This represents the value of -2𝑥 + 𝑦 - 1.

Choice B is incorrect. This represents the value of -𝑥 + 𝑦.

Choice D is incorrect. This represents the value of 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8adf1335
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 8adf1335

A city’s total expense budget for one year was x million dollars. The city budgeted
y million dollars for departmental expenses and 201 million dollars for all other
expenses. Which of the following represents the relationship between x and y in
this context?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8adf1335 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Of the city’s total expense budget for one year, the city budgeted y million dollars for departmental
expenses and 201 million dollars for all other expenses. This means that the expression represents the total
expense budget, in millions of dollars, for one year. It’s given that the total expense budget for one year is x million dollars. It
follows then that the expression is equivalent to x, or . Subtracting y from both sides of this equation
yields . By the symmetric property of equality, this is the same as .

Choices A and C are incorrect. Because it’s given that the total expense budget for one year, x million dollars, is comprised of
the departmental expenses, y million dollars, and all other expenses, 201 million dollars, the expressions and
both must be equivalent to a value greater than 201 million dollars. Therefore, the equations and
aren’t true. Choice D is incorrect. The value of x must be greater than the value of y. Therefore, can’t represent
this relationship.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID f79fffba
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: f79fffba

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f79fffba Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The value of ℎ-2 can be found by substituting -2 for 𝑥 in the equation defining ℎ. Substituting -2 for 𝑥 in
ℎ𝑥 = 3𝑥 - 7 yields ℎ-2 = 3-2 - 7, or ℎ-2 = - 13. Therefore, the value of ℎ-2 is -13.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of ℎ-1, not ℎ-2.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b31c3117
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: b31c3117

The Karvonen formula above shows the relationship between Alice’s target heart
rate H, in beats per minute (bpm), and the intensity level p of different activities.
When , Alice has a resting heart rate. When , Alice has her maximum
heart rate. It is recommended that p be between 0.5 and 0.85 for Alice when she
trains. Which of the following inequalities describes Alice’s target training heart
rate?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b31c3117 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. When Alice trains, it’s recommended that p be between 0.5 and 0.85. Therefore, her target training heart
rate is represented by the values of H corresponding to . When , , or .
When , , or . Therefore, the inequality that describes Alice’s target training heart rate
is .

Choice B is incorrect. This inequality describes Alice’s target heart rate for . Choice C is incorrect. This
inequality describes her target heart rate for . Choice D is incorrect. This inequality describes her target heart
rate for .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 0b46bad5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 0b46bad5

In the equation above, a and b are constants and . Which of the following
could represent the graph of the equation in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0b46bad5 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. The given equation can be rewritten in slope-intercept form, , where m
represents the slope of the line represented by the equation, and k represents the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line.
Subtracting ax from both sides of the equation yields , and dividing both sides of this equation by b yields

, or . With the equation now in slope-intercept form, it shows that , which means the y-

coordinate of the y-intercept is 1. It’s given that a and b are both greater than 0 (positive) and that . Since ,
the slope of the line must be a value between and 0. Choice C is the only graph of a line that has a y-value of the y-
intercept that is 1 and a slope that is between and 0.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the slopes of the lines in these graphs aren’t between and 0.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e7b6f0d1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: e7b6f0d1

Which equation has the same solution as the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e7b6f0d1 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Subtracting 6 from both sides of the given equation yields 4𝑥 = 12, which is the equation given in choice
C. Since this equation is equivalent to the given equation, it has the same solution as the given equation.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 70e29454
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 70e29454

In the equation above, a and b are constants. If the equation has infinitely many
solutions, what are the values of a and b ?

A. and

B. and

C. and

D. and

ID: 70e29454 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Distributing the a on the left-hand side of the equation gives 3a – b – ax = –1 – 2x. Rearranging the
terms in each side of the equation yields –ax + 3a – b = –2x –1. Since the equation has infinitely many solutions, it follows
that the coefficients of x and the free terms on both sides must be equal. That is, –a = –2, or a = 2, and 3a – b = –1.
Substituting 2 for a in the equation 3a – b = –1 gives 3(2) – b = –1, so b = 7.

Choice A is incorrect and may be the result of a conceptual error when finding the value of b. Choices C and D are incorrect
and may result from making a sign error when simplifying.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7d5d1b32
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 7d5d1b32

In the given equation, and are constants and . The equation has no solution. What is the value of ?

ID: 7d5d1b32 Answer

Correct Answer: -.9333, -14/15

Rationale

14
The correct answer is - 15 . A linear equation in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 = 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 has no solution only when the coefficients of 𝑥 on
each side of the equation are equal and the constant terms are not equal. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 2
28 36 14 18
yields 𝑘𝑥 - 𝑛 = - 30 𝑥 - 38 , or 𝑘𝑥 - 𝑛 = - 15 𝑥 - 19 . Since it’s given that the equation has no solution, the coefficient of 𝑥 on both
18
sides of this equation must be equal, and the constant terms on both sides of this equation must not be equal. Since < 1,
19
14
and it's given that 𝑛 > 1, the second condition is true. Thus, 𝑘 must be equal to - .
15
Note that -14/15, -.9333, and -0.933 are
examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e7343559
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: e7343559

Which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of for the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e7343559 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Each of the given choices gives three values of 𝑥: 0, 1, and 2. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given equation
yields 𝑦 = - 40 + 40, or 𝑦 = 40. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 0, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 40. Substituting
1 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑦 = - 41 + 40, or 𝑦 = 36. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 1, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given
equation is 36. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑦 = - 42 + 40, or 𝑦 = 32. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2, the
corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 32. Choice C gives three values of 𝑥, 0, 1, and 2, and their corresponding
values of 𝑦, 40, 36, and 32, respectively, for the given equation.

Choice A is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑦 = -4𝑥.

Choice B is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 40.

Choice D is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID f09097b1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: f09097b1

An agricultural scientist studying the growth of corn plants recorded the height of a
corn plant at the beginning of a study and the height of the plant each day for the
next 12 days. The scientist found that the height of the plant increased by an
average of 1.20 centimeters per day for the 12 days. If the height of the plant on
the last day of the study was 36.8 centimeters, what was the height, in centimeters,
of the corn plant at the beginning of the study?

ID: f09097b1 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 22.4. If the height of the plant increased by an average of 1.20 centimeters per day for 12 days, then its
total growth over the 12 days was centimeters. The plant was 36.8 centimeters tall after 12 days, so at
the beginning of the study its height was centimeters. Note that 22.4 and 112/5 are examples of ways
to enter a correct answer.

Alternate approach: The equation can be used to represent this situation, where h is the height of the
plant, in centimeters, at the beginning of the study. Solving this equation for h yields 22.4 centimeters.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a9039591
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a9039591

For the linear function , the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Which equation defines
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a9039591 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. An equation that defines a linear function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are
constants. It's given in the table that when 𝑥 = 0, 𝑓𝑥 = 29. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 29 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
yields 29 = 𝑚0 + 𝑏, or 29 = 𝑏. Substituting 29 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 29. It's also given in the
table that when 𝑥 = 1, 𝑓𝑥 = 32. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 and 32 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 29 yields 32 = 𝑚1 + 29, or
32 = 𝑚 + 29. Subtracting 29 from both sides of this equation yields 3 = 𝑚. Substituting 3 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 29
yields 𝑓𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 29.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID c362c210
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: c362c210

The points plotted in the coordinate plane above represent the possible numbers
of wallflowers and cornflowers that someone can buy at the Garden Store in order
to spend exactly $24.00 total on the two types of flowers. The price of each
wallflower is the same and the price of each cornflower is the same. What is the
price, in dollars, of 1 cornflower?

ID: c362c210 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 1.5. The point corresponds to the situation where 16 cornflowers and 0 wallflowers are
purchased. Since the total spent on the two types of flowers is $24.00, it follows that the price of 16 cornflowers is $24.00,
and the price of one cornflower is $1.50. Note that 1.5 and 3/2 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ee7b1de1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: ee7b1de1

A small business owner budgets to purchase candles. The owner must purchase a minimum of candles to
maintain the discounted pricing. If the owner pays per candle to purchase small candles and per candle to
purchase large candles, what is the maximum number of large candles the owner can purchase to stay within the budget
and maintain the discounted pricing?

ID: ee7b1de1 Answer

Correct Answer: 182

Rationale

The correct answer is 182. Let 𝑠 represent the number of small candles the owner can purchase, and let 𝑙 represent the
number of large candles the owner can purchase. It’s given that the owner pays $ 4.90 per candle to purchase small candles
and $ 11.60 per candle to purchase large candles. Therefore, the owner pays 4.90𝑠 dollars for 𝑠 small candles and 11.60𝑙
dollars for 𝑙 large candles, which means the owner pays a total of 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 dollars to purchase candles. It’s given that
the owner budgets $ 2,200 to purchase candles. Therefore, 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200. It’s also given that the owner must
purchase a minimum of 200 candles. Therefore, 𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200. The inequalities 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200 and 𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200 can be
combined into one compound inequality by rewriting the second inequality so that its left-hand side is equivalent to the left-
hand side of the first inequality. Subtracting 𝑙 from both sides of the inequality 𝑠 + 𝑙 ≥ 200 yields 𝑠 ≥ 200 - 𝑙. Multiplying both
sides of this inequality by 4.90 yields 4.90𝑠 ≥ 4.90200 - 𝑙, or 4.90𝑠 ≥ 980 - 4.90𝑙. Adding 11.60𝑙 to both sides of this inequality
yields 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≥ 980 - 4 . 90𝑙 + 11 . 60𝑙, or 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≥ 980 + 6.70𝑙. This inequality can be combined with the
inequality 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200, which yields the compound inequality 980 + 6.70𝑙 ≤ 4.90𝑠 + 11.60𝑙 ≤ 2,200. It follows that
980 + 6.70𝑙 ≤ 2,200. Subtracting 980 from both sides of this inequality yields 6.70𝑙 ≤ 2,200. Dividing both sides of this
inequality by 6.70 yields approximately 𝑙 ≤ 182.09. Since the number of large candles the owner purchases must be a whole
number, the maximum number of large candles the owner can purchase is the largest whole number less than 182.09, which
is 182.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c17d9ba9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: c17d9ba9

A number is at most less than times the value of . If the value of is , what is the greatest possible value of ?

ID: c17d9ba9 Answer

Correct Answer: -2

Rationale

The correct answer is -2. It's given that a number 𝑥 is at most 17 less than 5 times the value of 𝑦, or 𝑥 ≤ 5𝑦 - 17. Substituting
3 for 𝑦 in this inequality yields 𝑥 ≤ 53 - 17, or 𝑥 ≤ - 2. Thus, if the value of 𝑦 is 3, the greatest possible value of 𝑥 is -2.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 94b48cbf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 94b48cbf

The graph of in the -plane has an -intercept at and a -intercept at , where and are
constants. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 94b48cbf Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The x-coordinate 𝑎 of the x-intercept 𝑎, 0 can be found by substituting 0 for 𝑦 in the given equation, which
31 31
gives 7𝑥 + 20 = - 31, or 7𝑥 = - 31. Dividing both sides of this equation by 7 yields 𝑥 = - 7
. Therefore, the value of 𝑎 is - 7 .
The y-coordinate 𝑏 of the y-intercept 0, 𝑏 can be found by substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given equation, which gives
31 31
70 + 2𝑦 = - 31, or 2𝑦 = - 31. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑦 = - . Therefore, the value of 𝑏 is - . It
2 2
31
𝑏 - 31 7 7
follows that the value of is 31 ,
2 which is equivalent to , or .
𝑎 - 2 31 2
7

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1035faea
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 1035faea

A psychologist set up an experiment to study the tendency of a person to select

the first item when presented with a series of items. In the experiment, 300 people
were presented with a set of five pictures arranged in random order. Each person
was asked to choose the most appealing picture. Of the first 150 participants,
36 chose the first picture in the set. Among the remaining 150 participants, p
people chose the first picture in the set. If more than 20% of all participants chose
the first picture in the set, which of the following inequalities best describes the
possible values of p ?

A. , where

B. , where

C. , where

D. , where

ID: 1035faea Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Of the first 150 participants, 36 chose the first picture in the set, and of the 150 remaining participants, p

chose the first picture in the set. Hence, the proportion of the participants who chose the first picture in the set is .

Since more than 20% of all the participants chose the first picture, it follows that .

This inequality can be rewritten as . Since p is a number of people among the remaining 150
participants, .

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may be the result of some incorrect interpretations of the given information or of
computational errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 45a534d0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 45a534d0

In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?

ID: 45a534d0 Answer

Correct Answer: -34

Rationale

The correct answer is -34. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented
by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. Two lines represented by equations in standard form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶,
where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are proportional to the
corresponding coefficients in the other equation. The first equation in the given system can be written in standard form by
subtracting 30𝑦 from both sides of the equation to yield 48𝑥 - 102𝑦 = 24. The second equation in the given system can be
1
written in standard form by adding 16𝑥 to both sides of the equation to yield 16𝑥 + 𝑟𝑦 = 6 . The coefficient of 𝑥 in this
1
second equation, 16, is 3
times the coefficient of 𝑥 in the first equation, 48. For the lines to be parallel the coefficient of 𝑦 in
1 1
the second equation, 𝑟, must also be times the coefficient of 𝑦 in the first equation, -102. Thus, 𝑟 = ( - 102 ) , or 𝑟 = - 34.
3 3
Therefore, if the given system has no solution, the value of 𝑟 is -34.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID dd797fe2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: dd797fe2

Mario purchased 4 binders that cost x dollars each and 3 notebooks that cost y
dollars each. If the given equation represents this situation, which of the following
is the best interpretation of 24 in this context?

A. The total cost, in dollars, for all binders purchased

B. The total cost, in dollars, for all notebooks purchased

C. The total cost, in dollars, for all binders and notebooks purchased

D. The difference in the total cost, in dollars, between the number of binders and notebooks purchased

ID: dd797fe2 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Since Mario purchased 4 binders that cost x dollars each, the expression represents the total cost, in
dollars, of the 4 binders he purchased. Since Mario purchased 3 notebooks that cost y dollars each, the expression
represents the total cost, in dollars, of the 3 notebooks he purchased. Therefore, the expression represents the total
cost, in dollars, for all binders and notebooks he purchased. In the given equation, the expression is equal to 24.
Therefore, it follows that 24 is the total cost, in dollars, for all binders and notebooks purchased.

Choice A is incorrect. This is represented by the expression in the given equation. Choice B is incorrect. This is
represented by the expression in the given equation. Choice D is incorrect. This is represented by the expression
.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 2e0290c3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 2e0290c3

The graph shows the relationship between the number of shares of stock from Company A, , and the number of shares of
stock from Company B, , that Simone can purchase. Which equation could represent this relationship?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2e0290c3 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The graph shown is a line passing through the points 0, 40 and 60, 0. Since the relationship between 𝑥
and 𝑦 is linear, if two points on the graph make a linear equation true, then the equation represents the
relationship. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 40 for 𝑦 in the equation in choice B, 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 480, yields 80 + 1240 = 480, or
480 = 480, which is true. Substituting 60 for 𝑥 and 0 for 𝑦 in the equation 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 480 yields 860 + 120 = 480, or
480 = 480, which is true. Therefore, the equation 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 480 represents the relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦.
Choice A is incorrect. The point 0, 40 is not on the graph of this equation, since 40 = 80 + 12, or 40 = 12, is not true.

Choice C is incorrect. The point 0, 40 is not on the graph of this equation, since 40 = 120 + 8, or 40 = 8, is not true.

Choice D is incorrect. The point 0, 40 is not on the graph of this equation, since 120 + 840 = 480, or 320 = 480, is not true.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8339793c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 8339793c

Nasir bought storage bins that were each the same price. He used a coupon for off the entire purchase. The cost for
the entire purchase after using the coupon was . What was the original price, in dollars, for storage bin?

ID: 8339793c Answer

Correct Answer: 10

Rationale

The correct answer is 10. It’s given that the cost for the entire purchase was $ 27 after a coupon was used for $ 63 off the
entire purchase. Adding the amount of the coupon to the purchase price yields 27 + 63 = 90. Thus, the cost for the entire
purchase before using the coupon was $ 90. It’s given that Nasir bought 9 storage bins. The original price for 1 storage bin
90
can be found by dividing the total cost by 9. Therefore, the original price, in dollars, for 1 storage bin is 9
, or 10.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID c5082ce3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: c5082ce3

The score on a trivia game is obtained by subtracting the number of incorrect

answers from twice the number of correct answers. If a player answered
40 questions and obtained a score of 50, how many questions did the player
answer correctly?

ID: c5082ce3 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 30. Let x represent the number of correct answers from the player and y represent the number of
incorrect answers from the player. Since the player answered 40 questions in total, the equation represents this
situation. Also, since the score is found by subtracting the number of incorrect answers from twice the number of correct
answers and the player received a score of 50, the equation represents this situation. Adding the equations in
the system of two equations together yields . This can be rewritten as . Finally, solving
for x by dividing both sides of the equation by 3 yields .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 550b352c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 550b352c

How many solutions exist to the

equation shown above?

A. None

B. Exactly 1

C. Exactly 3

D. Infinitely many

ID: 550b352c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Subtracting 4 from each side of the given equation yields , or , so the equation has a unique
solution of .

Choice A is incorrect. Since 3 is a value of x that satisfies the given equation, the equation has at least 1 solution. Choice C is
incorrect. Linear equations can have 0, 1, or infinitely many solutions; no linear equation has exactly 3 solutions. Choice D is
incorrect. If a linear equation has infinitely many solutions, it can be reduced to . This equation reduces to , so
there is only 1 solution.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a396ed75
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a396ed75

For a training program, Juan rides his bike at an average rate of minutes per mile. Which function models the number
of minutes it will take Juan to ride miles at this rate?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a396ed75 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It′s given that Juan rides his bike at an average rate of 5.7 minutes per mile. The number of minutes it
will take Juan to ride 𝑥 miles can be determined by multiplying his average rate by the number of miles, 𝑥, which yields 5.7𝑥.
Therefore, the function 𝑚𝑥 = 5.7𝑥 models the number of minutes it will take Juan to ride 𝑥 miles.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 50f4cb9c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 50f4cb9c

For the linear function , the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Function is defined by
, where and are constants. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 50f4cb9c Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The table gives that 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 0 when 𝑥 = 2. Substituting 0 for 𝑓𝑥 and 2 for 𝑥 into the equation
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 0 = 2𝑎 + 𝑏. Subtracting 2𝑎 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑏 = - 2𝑎. The table gives that
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = - 64 when 𝑥 = 1. Substituting -2𝑎 for 𝑏, -64 for 𝑓𝑥, and 1 for 𝑥 into the equation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields -64 = 𝑎1 + -2𝑎
. Combining like terms yields -64 = - 𝑎, or 𝑎 = 64. Since 𝑏 = - 2𝑎, substituting 64 for 𝑎 into this equation gives 𝑏 = -264,
which yields 𝑏 = - 128. Thus, the value of 𝑎 - 𝑏 can be written as 64 - ( - 128 ) , which is 192.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 + 𝑏, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 - 2, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 2𝑎, not 𝑎 - 𝑏.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 87071893
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 87071893

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

ID: 87071893 Answer

Correct Answer: 55

Rationale

The correct answer is 55. Subtracting 40 from both sides of the given equation yields 𝑥 = 55. Therefore, the value of 𝑥 is 55.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 11e1ab81
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 11e1ab81

The graph above shows the distance traveled d, in feet, by a product on a conveyor
belt m minutes after the product is placed on the belt. Which of the following
equations correctly relates d and m ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 11e1ab81 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The line passes through the origin. Therefore, this is a relationship of the form , where k is a
constant representing the slope of the graph. To find the value of k, choose a point on the graph of the line other than
the origin and substitute the values of m and d into the equation. For example, if the point is chosen, then , and
. Therefore, the equation of the line is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating the slope of the line as the change in time over the change in distance
traveled instead of the change in distance traveled over the change in time. Choices C and D are incorrect because each of
these equations represents a line with a d-intercept of 2. However, the graph shows a line with a d-intercept of 0.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d7bf55e1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: d7bf55e1

A movie theater sells two types of tickets, adult tickets for $12 and child tickets for
$8. If the theater sold 30 tickets for a total of $300, how much, in dollars, was
spent on adult tickets? (Disregard the $ sign when gridding your answer.)

ID: d7bf55e1 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 180. Let a be the number of adult tickets sold and c be the number of child tickets sold. Since the
theater sold a total of 30 tickets, a + c = 30. The price per adult ticket is $12, and the price per child ticket is $8. Since the
theater received a total of $300 for the 30 tickets sold, it follows that 12a + 8c = 300. To eliminate c, the first equation can be
multiplied by 8 and then subtracted from the second equation:

Because the question asks for the amount spent on adult tickets, which is 12a dollars, the resulting equation can be
multiplied by 3 to give 3(4a) = 3(60) = 180. Therefore, $180 was spent on adult tickets.

Alternate approach: If all the 30 tickets sold were child tickets, their total price would be 30($8) = $240. Since the actual total
price of the 30 tickets was $300, the extra $60 indicates that a certain number of adult tickets, a, were sold. Since the price
of each adult ticket is $4 more than each child ticket, 4a = 60, and it follows that 12a = 180.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c22b5f25
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c22b5f25

In the xy-plane, the points and lie on the graph of

which of the following linear functions?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c22b5f25 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. A linear function can be written in the form , where m is the slope and b is the y-

coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. The slope of the graph can be found using the formula . Substituting

the values of the given points into this formula yields or , which simplifies to . Only
choice C shows an equation with this slope.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may result from computation errors or misinterpreting the given information.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b4553284
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: b4553284

If , what is the value of ?

ID: b4553284 Answer

Correct Answer: 54

Rationale

The correct answer is 54. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 2 yields 𝑥 = 6. Multiplying both sides of this equation
by 9 yields 9𝑥 = 54. Thus, the value of 9𝑥 is 54.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID adb0c96c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: adb0c96c

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: adb0c96c Answer

Correct Answer: 80

Rationale

The correct answer is 80. Subtracting the second equation in the given system from the first equation yields
24𝑥 + 𝑦 - 6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 48 - 72, which is equivalent to 24𝑥 - 6𝑥 + 𝑦 - 𝑦 = - 24, or 18𝑥 = - 24. Dividing each side of this equation by
3 yields 6𝑥 = - 8. Substituting -8 for 6𝑥 in the second equation yields -8 + 𝑦 = 72. Adding 8 to both sides of this equation
yields 𝑦 = 80.

Alternate approach: Multiplying each side of the second equation in the given system by 4 yields 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 288.
Subtracting the first equation in the given system from this equation yields 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 - 24𝑥 + 𝑦 = 288 - 48, which is equivalent
to 24𝑥 - 24𝑥 + 4𝑦 - 𝑦 = 240, or 3𝑦 = 240. Dividing each side of this equation by 3 yields 𝑦 = 80.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c651cc56
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c651cc56

Some values of the linear function f are shown in the table

above. What is the value of ?

A. 6

B. 7

C. 8

D. 9

ID: c651cc56 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. A linear function has a constant rate of change, and any two rows of the table shown can be used to
calculate this rate. From the first row to the second, the value of x is increased by 2 and the value of is increased by
. So the values of increase by 3 for every increase by 1 in the value of x. Since , it follows that
. Therefore, .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the third x-value in the table, not . Choices C and D are incorrect and may result from errors
when calculating the function’s rate of change.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 16889ef3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 16889ef3

Oil and gas production in a certain area dropped from 4 million barrels in 2000 to
1.9 million barrels in 2013. Assuming that the oil and gas production decreased at
a constant rate, which of the following linear functions f best models the
production, in millions of barrels, t years after the year 2000?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 16889ef3 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It is assumed that the oil and gas production decreased at a constant rate. Therefore, the function f that
best models the production t years after the year 2000 can be written as a linear function, , where m is the rate
of change of the oil and gas production and b is the oil and gas production, in millions of barrels, in the year 2000. Since
there were 4 million barrels of oil and gas produced in 2000, . The rate of change, m, can be calculated as

, which is equivalent to , the rate of change in choice C.

Choices A and B are incorrect because each of these functions has a positive rate of change. Since the oil and gas
production decreased over time, the rate of change must be negative. Choice D is incorrect. This model may result from
misinterpreting 1.9 million barrels as the amount by which the production decreased.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ca9bb527
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ca9bb527

What is the solution to the given system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ca9bb527 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given by the second equation in the system that 𝑦 = 19. Substituting 19 for 𝑦 in the first equation
yields 19 = 4𝑥 - 9. Adding 9 to both sides of this equation yields 28 = 4𝑥. Dividing both sides of this equation by 4 yields
7 = 𝑥. Therefore, since 𝑥 = 7 and 𝑦 = 19, the solution 𝑥, 𝑦 to the given system of equations is 7, 19.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 948087f2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 948087f2

Which of the following ordered pairs (x, y) satisfies the

system of inequalities above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 948087f2 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Any point (x, y) that is a solution to the given system of inequalities must satisfy both inequalities in the
system. The second inequality in the system can be rewritten as . Of the given answer choices, only choice D

satisfies this inequality, because inequality is a true statement. The point also satisfies the first
inequality.

Alternate approach: Substituting into the first inequality gives , or , which is a true statement.

Substituting into the second inequality gives , or , which is a true statement. Therefore, since
satisfies both inequalities, it is a solution to the system.

Choice A is incorrect because substituting −2 for x and −1 for y in the first inequality gives , or ,
which is false. Choice B is incorrect because substituting −1 for x and 3 for y in the first inequality gives , or
, which is false. Choice C is incorrect because substituting 1 for x and 5 for y in the first inequality gives ,
or , which is false.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a8e6bd75
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a8e6bd75

Which of the following is the graph of the equation

in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.
 ID: a8e6bd75 Answer
Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. In the xy-plane, the graph of the equation , where m and b are constants, is a line with slope

m and y-intercept . Therefore, the graph of in the xy-plane is a line with slope 2 and a y-intercept .
Having a slope of 2 means that for each increase in x by 1, the value of y increases by 2. Only the graph in choice D has a
slope of 2 and crosses the y-axis at . Therefore, the graph shown in choice D must be the correct answer.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. The graph of in the xy-plane is a line with slope 2 and a y-intercept at .

The graph in choice A crosses the y-axis at the point , not , and it has a slope of , not 2. The graph in
choice B crosses the y-axis at ; however, the slope of this line is , not 2. The graph in choice C has a slope of 2;

however, the graph crosses the y-axis at , not .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 5ad6bc97
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 5ad6bc97

The function gives the total number of people on a company retreat with managers. What is the total number of people on
a company retreat with managers?

ID: 5ad6bc97 Answer

Correct Answer: 50

Rationale

The correct answer is 50. It's given that the function 𝑓 gives the total number of people on a company retreat with 𝑥
managers. It's also given that 7 managers are on the company retreat. Substituting 7 for 𝑥 in the given function yields
𝑓7 = 77 + 1, or 𝑓7 = 50. Therefore, there are a total of 50 people on a company retreat with 7 managers.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 7d6928bd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 7d6928bd

A cleaning service that cleans both offices and homes can clean at most places per day. Which inequality represents this
situation, where is the number of offices and is the number of homes?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7d6928bd Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the cleaning service cleans both offices and homes, where 𝑓 is the number of offices and ℎ
is the number of homes the cleaning service can clean per day. Therefore, the expression 𝑓 + ℎ represents the number of
places the cleaning service can clean per day. It's also given that the cleaning service can clean at most 14 places per day.
Since 𝑓 + ℎ represents the number of places the cleaning service can clean per day and the service can clean at most 14
places per day, it follows that the inequality 𝑓 + ℎ ≤ 14 represents this situation.

Choice B is incorrect. This inequality represents a cleaning service that cleans at least 14 places per day.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a cleaning service that cleans at most 14 more offices than homes per day.

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a cleaning service that cleans at least 14 more offices than homes per day.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b64e2c7f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: b64e2c7f

Monarch butterflies can fly only with a body temperature of at least . If a monarch
butterfly's body temperature is , what is the minimum increase needed in its body temperature, in , so that it can
fly?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b64e2c7f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that monarch butterflies can fly only with a body temperature of at least
55.0 degrees Fahrenheit °F. Let 𝑥 represent the minimum increase needed in the monarch butterfly's body temperature to
fly. If the monarch butterfly's body temperature is 51.3°F, the inequality 51.3 + 𝑥 ≥ 55.0 represents this situation. Subtracting
51.3 from both sides of this inequality yields 𝑥 ≥ 3.7. Therefore, if the monarch butterfly's body temperature is 51.3°F, the
minimum increase needed in its body temperature, in °F, so that it can fly is 3.7.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the minimum increase needed in body temperature if the monarch butterfly's body temperature
is 53.7°F, not 51.3°F.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the minimum increase needed in body temperature if the monarch butterfly's body temperature
is 50.0°F, not 51.3°F.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the minimum increase needed in body temperature if the monarch butterfly's body temperature
is 48.7°F, not 51.3°F.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 4b76c7f1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 4b76c7f1

In the given system of equations, a is a constant. If the system has infinitely

many solutions, what is the value of a ?

A. 4

B. 9

C. 36

D. 54

ID: 4b76c7f1 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. A system of two linear equations has infinitely many solutions if one equation is equivalent to the other.
This means that when the two equations are written in the same form, each coefficient or constant in one equation is equal
to the corresponding coefficient or constant in the other equation multiplied by the same number. The equations in the given
system of equations are written in the same form, with x and y on the left-hand side of the equation and a constant on the
right-hand side of the equation. The coefficients of x and y in the second equation are equal to the coefficients of x and y,
respectively, in the first equation multiplied by 4: and . Therefore, the constant in the second equation
must be equal to 4 times the constant in the first equation: , or .

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. When , , or , the given system of equations has no solution.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8c515062
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 8c515062

A candle is made of ounces of wax. When the candle is burning, the amount of wax in the candle decreases by ounce
every hours. If ounces of wax remain in this candle, for how many hours has it been burning?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8c515062 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the candle starts with 17 ounces of wax and has 6 ounces of wax remaining after a period
of time has passed. The amount of wax the candle has lost during the time period can be found by subtracting the remaining
amount of wax from the amount of wax the candle was made of, which yields 17 - 6 ounces, or 11 ounces. This means the
candle loses 11 ounces of wax during that period of time. It’s given that the amount of wax decreases by 1 ounce every 4
1 11
hours. If ℎ represents the number of hours the candle has been burning, it follows that 4
=
ℎ
. Multiplying both sides of this
equation by 4ℎ yields ℎ = 44. Therefore, the candle has been burning for 44 hours.

1 ℎ 1 11
Choice A is incorrect and may result from using the equation 4
=
11
rather than 4
=
ℎ
to represent the situation, and then
rounding to the nearest whole number.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the amount of wax, in ounces, remaining in the candle, not the number of hours it has been
burning.

1 6 1 11
Choice C is incorrect and may result from using the equation = rather than = to represent the situation.
4 ℎ 4 ℎ

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 6fa593f1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 6fa593f1

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6fa593f1 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that 𝑥 = 40. Adding 6 to both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 + 6 = 40 + 6, or 𝑥 + 6 = 46.
Therefore, the value of 𝑥 + 6 is 46.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 - 6, not 𝑥 + 6.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not 𝑥 + 6.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 + 24, not 𝑥 + 6.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a73a5c22
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a73a5c22

The function is defined by . What is the value of when ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a73a5c22 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The value of 𝑔𝑥 when 𝑥 = 8 can be found by substituting 8 for 𝑥 in the given equation 𝑔𝑥 = 10𝑥 + 8. This
yields 𝑔8 = 108 + 8, or 𝑔8 = 88. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 8, the value of 𝑔𝑥 is 88.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 when 𝑔𝑥 = 8, rather than the value of 𝑔𝑥 when 𝑥 = 8.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 535fa6e6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 535fa6e6

Davio bought some potatoes and celery. The potatoes cost per pound, and the celery cost per pound. If Davio
spent in total and bought twice as many pounds of celery as pounds of potatoes, how many pounds of celery did
Davio buy?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 535fa6e6 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Let 𝑝 represent the number of pounds of potatoes and let 𝑐 represent the number of pounds of
celery that Davio bought. It’s given that potatoes cost $ 0.69 per pound and celery costs $ 0.99 per pound. If Davio spent
$ 5.34 in total, then the equation 0.69𝑝 + 0.99𝑐 = 5.34 represents this situation. It’s also given that Davio bought twice as
many pounds of celery as pounds of potatoes; therefore, 𝑐 = 2𝑝. Substituting 2𝑝 for 𝑐 in the equation 0.69𝑝 + 0.99𝑐 = 5.34
yields 0.69𝑝 + 0.992𝑝 = 5.34, which is equivalent to 0.69𝑝 + 1.98𝑝 = 5.34, or 2.67𝑝 = 5.34. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 2.67 yields 𝑝 = 2. Substituting 2 for 𝑝 in the equation 𝑐 = 2𝑝 yields 𝑐 = 22, or 𝑐 = 4. Therefore, Davio bought 4
pounds of celery.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of pounds of potatoes, not the number of pounds of celery, Davio bought.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 768b2425
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 768b2425

Last week, an interior designer earned a total of from consulting for hours and drawing up plans for hours. The
equation represents this situation. Which of the following is the best interpretation of in this
context?

A. The interior designer earned per hour consulting last week.

B. The interior designer worked hours drawing up plans last week.

C. The interior designer earned per hour drawing up plans last week.

D. The interior designer worked hours consulting last week.

ID: 768b2425 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that 68𝑥 + 85𝑦 = 1,258 represents the situation where an interior designer earned a total of
$ 1,258 last week from consulting for 𝑥 hours and drawing up plans for 𝑦 hours. Thus, 68𝑥 represents the amount earned, in
dollars, from consulting for 𝑥 hours, and 85𝑦 represents the amount earned, in dollars, from drawing up plans for 𝑦 hours.
Since 68𝑥 represents the amount earned, in dollars, from consulting for 𝑥 hours, it follows that the interior designer earned
$ 68 per hour consulting last week.

Choice B is incorrect. The interior designer worked 𝑦 hours, not 68 hours, drawing up plans last week.

Choice C is incorrect. The interior designer earned $ 85 per hour, not $ 68 per hour, drawing up plans last week.

Choice D is incorrect. The interior designer worked 𝑥 hours, not 68 hours, consulting last week.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID e53688cb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: e53688cb

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: e53688cb Answer

Correct Answer: 18

Rationale

The correct answer is 18. It's given by the second equation in the system that 3𝑦 = 11. Substituting 11 for 3𝑦 in the first
equation in the system, 𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 29, yields 𝑥 + 11 = 29. Subtracting 11 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 = 18.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 44d65912
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 44d65912
Angela is playing a video game. In this game, players can score points only by collecting coins and stars. Each coin is
worth c points, and each star is worth s points.
The first time she played, Angela scored 700 points. She collected 20 coins and 10 stars.
The second time she played, Angela scored 850 points. She collected 25 coins and 12 stars.

Which system of equations can be used to correctly determine the values of c and
s?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 44d65912 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The number of coins collected can be multiplied by c to give the score from the points earned from
coins. Similarly, the number of stars collected can be multiplied by s to give the score from the points earned from the stars.
Therefore, the total score each time Angela played is , and the total score the second time she played is
.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from misidentifying the terms of the equation. Choice A switches coins and
stars, choice C switches stars and points, and choice D misidentifies coins, stars, and points.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 41fdc0b8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 41fdc0b8

The table above shows the population of Greenleaf, Idaho, for the years 2000 and 2010. If the relationship between
population and year is linear, which of the following functions P models the population of Greenleaf t years after 2000?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 41fdc0b8 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It is given that the relationship between population and year is linear; therefore, the function that models
the population t years after 2000 is of the form , where m is the slope and b is the population when . In

the year 2000, . Therefore, . The slope is given by .

Therefore, , which is equivalent to the equation in choice A.

Choice B is incorrect and may be the result of incorrectly calculating the slope as just the change in the value of P. Choice C
is incorrect and may be the result of the same error as in choice B, in addition to incorrectly using t to represent the year,
instead of the number of years after 2000. Choice D is incorrect and may be the result of incorrectly using t to represent the
year instead of the number of years after 2000.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8b2a2a63
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 8b2a2a63

The y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane is . What is the value of ?

ID: 8b2a2a63 Answer

Correct Answer: -32

Rationale

The correct answer is -32. It’s given that the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = - 6𝑥 - 32 is 0, 𝑦. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in this
equation yields 𝑦 = - 60 - 32, or 𝑦 = - 32. Therefore, the value of 𝑦 that corresponds to the y-intercept of the graph of
𝑦 = - 6𝑥 - 32 in the xy-plane is -32.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 70774aa4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 70774aa4

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 70774aa4 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that 5𝑥 = 20. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 3 yields 15𝑥 = 60. Therefore, the value
of 15𝑥 is 60.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8a1544f1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 8a1544f1

What is the equation of the line shown

in the xy-plane above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8a1544f1 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Any line in the xy-plane can be defined by an equation in the form y = mx + b, where m is the slope of the
line and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. From the graph, the y-intercept of the line is (0, 3). Therefore, b = 3.
The slope of the line is the change in the value of y divided by the change in the value of x for any two points on the line. The

line shown passes through (0, 3) and (1, 0), so , or m = –3. Therefore, the equation of the line is y = –3x + 3.

Choices A and C are incorrect because the equations given in these choices represent a line with a positive slope. However,
the line shown has a negative slope. Choice D is incorrect because the equation given in this choice represents a line with

slope of . However, the line shown has a slope of –3.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a9c04a21
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: a9c04a21

What is the solution to the

equation ?

A. 1

B. 1.5

C. 2

D. 4

ID: a9c04a21 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Subtracting 3 from both sides of the given equation yields . Dividing both sides by 2 results in
.

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from computational errors. Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 27f5fff3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 27f5fff3

If a new graph of three linear equations is created using the system of equations shown and the equation ,
how many solutions will the resulting system of three equations have?

A. Zero

B. Exactly one

C. Exactly two

D. Infinitely many

ID: 27f5fff3 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. A solution to a system of equations must satisfy each equation in the system. It follows that if an
ordered pair 𝑥, 𝑦 is a solution to the system, the point 𝑥, 𝑦 lies on the graph in the xy-plane of each equation in the system.
The only point that lies on each graph of the system of two linear equations shown is their intersection point 8, 2. It follows
that if a new graph of three linear equations is created using the system of equations shown and the graph of 𝑥 + 4𝑦 = - 16,
this system has either zero solutions or one solution, the point 8, 2. Substituting 8 for 𝑥 and 2 for 𝑦 in the equation
𝑥 + 4𝑦 = - 16 yields 8 + 42 = - 16, or 16 = - 16. Since this equation is not true, the point 8, 2 does not lie on the graph of
𝑥 + 4𝑦 = - 16. Therefore, 8, 2 is not a solution to the system of three equations. It follows that there are zero solutions to this
system.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID f40552a9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: f40552a9

What is the y-intercept of the line graphed?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f40552a9 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The y-intercept of a line graphed in the xy-plane is the point where the line intersects the y-axis. The line
graphed intersects the y-axis at the point 0, 8. Therefore, the y-intercept of the line graphed is 0, 8.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy
Question ID 12ae3452
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 12ae3452

The equation gives the relationship between the side lengths and of a certain parallelogram. If ,
what is the value of ?

ID: 12ae3452 Answer

Correct Answer: 14

Rationale

The correct answer is 14. It's given that the equation 46 = 2𝑎 + 2𝑏 gives the relationship between the side lengths 𝑎 and 𝑏 of
a certain parallelogram. Substituting 9 for 𝑎 in the given equation yields 46 = 29 + 2𝑏, or 46 = 18 + 2𝑏. Subtracting 18 from
both sides of this equation yields 28 = 2𝑏. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 14 = 𝑏. Therefore, if 𝑎 = 9, the
value of 𝑏 is 14.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 17f176ec
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 17f176ec

A movie theater charges $11 for each full-price ticket and $8.25 for each reduced-
price ticket. For one movie showing, the theater sold a total of 214 full-price and
reduced-price tickets for $2,145. Which of the following systems of equations
could be used to determine the number of full-price tickets, f, and the number of
reduced-price tickets, r, sold?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 17f176ec Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The movie theater sells f full-price tickets and r reduced-price tickets, so the total number of tickets sold
is f + r. Since the movie theater sold a total of 214 full-price and reduced-price tickets for one movie showing, it follows that f
+ r = 214. The movie theater charges $11 for each full-price ticket; thus, the sales for full-price tickets, in dollars, is given by
11f. The movie theater charges $8.25 for each reduced-price ticket; thus, the sales for reduced-price tickets, in dollars, is
given by 8.25r. Therefore, the total sales, in dollars, for the movie showing is given by 11f + 8.25r. Since the total sales for all
full-price and reduced-price tickets is $2,145, it follows that 11f + 8.25r = 2,145.

Choice A is incorrect. This system of equations suggests that the movie theater sold a total of 2,145 full-price and reduced-
price tickets for a total of $214. Choice C is incorrect. This system suggests that the movie theater charges $8.25 for each
full-price ticket and $11 for each reduced-price ticket. Choice D is incorrect. This system suggests that the movie theater
charges $8.25 for each full-price ticket and $11 for each reduced-price ticket and sold a total of 2,145 tickets for a total of
$214.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8a6de407
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 8a6de407

The function f is defined by , where m and b are constants. If

and , what is the value of m ?

ID: 8a6de407 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 2. The slope-intercept form of an equation for a line is , where m is the slope and b is the
y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Two ordered pairs, and , can be used to compute the slope using the formula

. It’s given that and ; therefore, the two ordered pairs for this line are and .

Substituting these values for and gives , or 2.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8643d906
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 8643d906

The population of snow leopards in a certain area can be modeled by the function
P defined above, where is the population t years after 1990. Of the following,
which is the best interpretation of the equation ?

A. The snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 30 in the year 2020.

B. The snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 30 in the year 2030.

C. The snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 550 in the year 2020.

D. The snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 550 in the year 2030.

ID: 8643d906 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that represents the population of snow leopards t years after 1990.
corresponds to and . It follows that corresponds to 30 years after 1990, or 2020. Thus, the best
interpretation of is that the snow leopard population in this area is predicted to be 550 in the year 2020.

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from reversing the interpretations of t and . Choice D is incorrect and may
result from determining that 30 years after 1990 is 2030, not 2020.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID bbf9e5ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: bbf9e5ce

For groups of or more people, a museum charges per person for the first people and for each additional
person. Which function gives the total charge, in dollars, for a tour group with people, where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: bbf9e5ce Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. A tour group with 𝑛 people, where 𝑛 ≥ 25, can be split into two subgroups: the first 25 people and the
additional 𝑛 - 25 people. Since the museum charges $ 21 per person for the first 25 people and $ 14 for each additional
person, the charge for the first 25 people is $ 21 ( 25 ) and the charge for the additional 𝑛 - 25 people is $ 14 ( 𝑛 - 25 ) .
Therefore, the total charge, in dollars, is given by the function 𝑓 ( 𝑛 ) = 21 ( 25 ) + 14 ( 𝑛 - 25 ) , or 𝑓 ( 𝑛 ) = 14𝑛 + 175.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID a4d6fbec
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a4d6fbec

If , what is the value of when ?

ID: a4d6fbec Answer

Correct Answer: 50

Rationale

The correct answer is 50. Substituting 8 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑦 = 58 + 10, or 𝑦 = 50. Therefore, the value of 𝑦 is
50 when 𝑥 = 8.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID d02193fb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: d02193fb

The shaded region shown represents the solutions to which inequality?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d02193fb Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The equation for the line representing the boundary of the shaded region can be written in slope-
intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑏 + 𝑚𝑥, where 𝑚 is the slope and 0, 𝑏 is the y-intercept of the line. For the graph shown, the boundary line
passes through the points 0, 1 and 1, - 3. Given two points on a line, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , the slope of the line can be calculated
𝑦2 - 𝑦1 -3 - 1
using the equation 𝑚 = 𝑥2 - 𝑥1
. Substituting the points 0, 1 and 1, - 3 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in this equation yields 𝑚 = 1-0
,
-4
which is equivalent to 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = - 4. Since the point 0, 1 represents the y-intercept, it follows that 𝑏 = 1. Substituting -4
1
for 𝑚 and 1 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑏 + 𝑚𝑥 yields 𝑦 = 1 - 4𝑥 as the equation of the boundary line. Since the shaded region
represents all the points above this boundary line, it follows that the shaded region shown represents the solutions to the
inequality 𝑦 > 1 - 4𝑥.

Choice A is incorrect. This inequality represents a region below, not above, a boundary line with a slope of 4, not -4.

Choice B is incorrect. This inequality represents a region below, not above, the boundary line shown.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a region whose boundary line has a slope of 4, not -4.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 45bba652
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 45bba652

If , what is
the value of ?

A. 2

B. 5

C. 7

D. 12

ID: 45bba652 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Adding the like terms on the left-hand side of the given equation yields . Dividing both
sides of this equation by 5 yields .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from subtracting 5, not dividing by 5, on both sides of the equation .
Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of x, not the value of . Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of , not the
value of .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b75f7812
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: b75f7812

Maria plans to rent a boat. The boat rental costs $60 per hour, and she will also
have to pay for a water safety course that costs $10. Maria wants to spend no
more than $280 for the rental and the course. If the boat rental is available only for
a whole number of hours, what is the maximum number of hours for which Maria
can rent the boat?

ID: b75f7812 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 4. The equation , where h is the number of hours the boat has been rented, can be
written to represent the situation. Subtracting 10 from both sides and then dividing by 60 yields . Since the boat can
be rented only for whole numbers of hours, the maximum number of hours for which Maria can rent the boat is 4.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 1ecaa9c0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1ecaa9c0

Robert rented a truck to transport materials he purchased from a hardware store.

He was charged an initial fee of $20.00 plus an additional $0.70 per mile driven. If
the truck was driven 38 miles, what was the total amount Robert was charged?

A. $46.60

B. $52.90

C. $66.90

D. $86.50

ID: 1ecaa9c0 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that Robert was charged an initial fee of $20.00 to rent the truck plus an additional $0.70 per
mile driven. Let m represent the number of miles the truck was driven. Since the rental charge is $0.70 per mile driven,
represents the amount Robert was charged for m miles driven. Let c equal the total amount, in dollars, Robert was
charged to rent the truck. The total amount can be represented by the equation . It’s given that the truck
was driven 38 miles, thus . Substituting 38 into the equation gives . Multiplying
gives . Adding these values gives , so the total amount Robert was charged is $46.60.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from setting up the equation incorrectly or from making calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID fb43b85f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: fb43b85f

A line passes through the points and in the xy-plane. What is the slope of the line?

ID: fb43b85f Answer

Correct Answer: 1.636, 18/11

Rationale

18
The correct answer is 11
. For a line that passes through the points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in the xy-plane, the slope of the line can
𝑦2 - 𝑦1
be calculated using the slope formula, 𝑚 = . It's given that a line passes through the points 4, 6 and 15, 24 in the xy-
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
𝑦2 - 𝑦1 24 - 6 18
plane. Substituting 4, 6 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 15, 24 for 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in the slope formula, 𝑚 = , yields 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = . Therefore,
𝑥2 - 𝑥1 15 - 4 11
18
the slope of the line is 11
. Note that 18/11 and 1.636 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID eafdbbbd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: eafdbbbd

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: eafdbbbd Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. For the given equation, 𝑥 + 5 is a factor of both terms on the left-hand side. Therefore, the given equation
1 1 3 4 1
can be rewritten as - 𝑥 + 5 = - 7, or - 𝑥 + 5 = - 7, which is equivalent to - 𝑥 + 5 = - 7. Multiplying both sides of this
4 3 12 12 12
equation by -12 yields 𝑥 + 5 = 84. Subtracting 5 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 = 79.

7
Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 for which the left-hand side of the given equation equals 12
, not -7.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 for which the left-hand side of the given equation equals 0, not -7.

209
Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 for which the left-hand side of the given equation equals - , not -7.
12

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7d89376f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 7d89376f

A discount airline sells a certain number of tickets, x, for a flight for $90 each. It
sells the number of remaining tickets, y, for $250 each. For a particular flight, the
airline sold 120 tickets and collected a total of $27,600 from the sale of those
tickets. Which system of equations represents this relationship between x and y ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7d89376f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The airline sold two types of tickets for this flight: x tickets at $90 each and the remaining tickets, y, at
$250 each. Because the airline sold a total of 120 tickets for this flight, it must be true that x + y = 120. The amount, in
dollars, collected from the sale of x tickets at $90 each is represented by 90x. The amount, in dollars, collected from the sale
of the remaining y tickets at $250 each is represented by 250y. It is given that a total of $27,600 was collected from the sale
of all tickets. Therefore, it must also be true that 90x + 250y = 27,600.

Choice B is incorrect. The total number of tickets sold is represented correctly as x + y = 120. The total amount, in dollars,
collected from the sale of the x tickets at $90 each and the remaining tickets, y, at $250 has been correctly represented as
90x + 250y. However, according to the information given, this total should be equal to 27,600, not 120(27,600) dollars.
Choice C is incorrect. The total number of tickets sold has been correctly represented as x + y. However, according to the
information given, this total should be equal to 120, not 27,600, as shown in choice C. The total amount, in dollars, collected
from the sale of the x tickets at $90 each and the remaining tickets, y, at $250 has been correctly represented as 90x + 250y.
However, according to the information given, this total should be equal to 27,600, not 120(27,600) dollars. Choice D is
incorrect. The two equations given in choice D have no meaning in this context.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 3ce92ce8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3ce92ce8

For the given function , the graph of in the xy-plane is parallel to line . What is the slope of line ?

ID: 3ce92ce8 Answer

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale

The correct answer is 2. It’s given that function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 3. Therefore, the equation representing the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane is 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3, and the graph is a line. For a linear equation in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, 𝑚 represents the
slope of the line. Since the value of 𝑚 in the equation 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3 is 2, the slope of the line defined by function 𝑓 is 2. It's given
that line 𝑗 is parallel to the line defined by function 𝑓. The slopes of parallel lines are equal. Therefore, the slope of line 𝑗 is
also 2.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 2eef7e61
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 2eef7e61

The graph of the function f is a line in the xy-plane. If the line has slope and
, which of the following defines f?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2eef7e61 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The equation for the function f in the xy-plane can be represented by , where m is the

slope and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Since it’s given that the line has a slope of , it follows that in

, which yields . It’s given that . This implies that the graph of the function f in the xy-

plane passes through the point . Thus, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph is 3, so in ,

which yields . Therefore, the equation defines the function f.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from a sign error for the y-intercept. Choice C is incorrect and may result from using the
denominator of the given slope as m in , in addition to a sign error for the y-intercept. Choice D is incorrect
and may result from using the denominator of the given slope as m in .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID f0773a55
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: f0773a55

The graph represents the total charge, in dollars, by an electrician for hours of work. The electrician charges a onetime fee
plus an hourly rate. What is the best interpretation of the slope of the graph?

A. The electrician’s hourly rate

B. The electrician’s onetime fee

C. The maximum amount that the electrician charges

D. The total amount that the electrician charges

ID: f0773a55 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the electrician charges a onetime fee plus an hourly rate. It's also given that the graph
represents the total charge, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of work. This graph shows a linear relationship in the xy-plane. Thus, the
total charge 𝑦, in dollars, for 𝑥 hours of work can be represented as 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope and 0, 𝑏 is the y-
intercept of the graph of the equation in the xy-plane. Since the given graph represents the total charge, in dollars, by an
electrician for 𝑥 hours of work, it follows that its slope is 𝑚, or the electrician’s hourly rate.
Choice B is incorrect. The electrician's onetime fee is represented by the y-coordinate of the y-intercept, not the slope, of the
graph.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 5e08a055
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 5e08a055

One of the equations in a system of two linear equations is given. The system has no solution. Which equation could be the
second equation in the system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5e08a055 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented by the
equations in the xy-plane are parallel and distinct. Lines represented by equations in standard form, 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 and
𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 = 𝐹, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are proportional to the corresponding coefficients in
𝐷 𝐸 𝐹
the other equation, meaning 𝐴
= ; and the lines are distinct if the constants are not proportional, meaning
𝐵 𝐶
is not equal to
𝐷 𝐸
𝐴
or 𝐵
. The given equation, 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 18, can be written in standard form by subtracting 6𝑥 from both sides of the equation to
yield -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 18. Therefore, the given equation can be written in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴 = - 6, 𝐵 = 1, and 𝐶 = 18.
The equation in choice B, -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 22, is written in the form 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 = 𝐹, where 𝐷 = - 6, 𝐸 = 1, and 𝐹 = 22. Therefore,
𝐷 -6 𝐷 𝐸 1 𝐸 𝐹 22 𝐹 11
= , which can be rewritten as = 1; = , which can be rewritten as = 1; and = , which can be rewritten as = .
𝐴 -6 𝐴 𝐵 1 𝐵 𝐶 18 𝐶 9
𝐷 𝐸 𝐹
Since 𝐴
= 1,
𝐵
= 1, and
𝐶
is not equal to 1, it follows that the given equation and the equation -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 22 are parallel and
distinct. Therefore, a system of two linear equations consisting of the given equation and the equation -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 22 has no
solution. Thus, the equation in choice B could be the second equation in the system.

Choice A is incorrect. The equation -6𝑥 + 𝑦 = 18 and the given equation represent the same line in the xy-plane. Therefore, a
system of these linear equations would have infinitely many solutions, rather than no solution.

Choice C is incorrect. The equation -12𝑥 + 𝑦 = 36 and the given equation represent lines in the xy-plane that are distinct and
not parallel. Therefore, a system of these linear equations would have exactly one solution, rather than no solution.

Choice D is incorrect. The equation -12𝑥 + 𝑦 = 18 and the given equation represent lines in the xy-plane that are distinct and
not parallel. Therefore, a system of these linear equations would have exactly one solution, rather than no solution.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 0ea7ef01
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0ea7ef01

Oxygen gas is placed inside a tank with a constant volume. The graph shows the estimated temperature , in kelvins, of the
oxygen gas when its pressure is atmospheres.

What is the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is atmospheres?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0ea7ef01 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. For the graph shown, the x-axis represents pressure, in atmospheres, and the y-axis represents
temperature, in kelvins. Therefore, the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas when its pressure is 6
atmospheres is represented by the y-coordinate of the point on the graph that has an x-coordinate of 6. The point on the
graph with an x-coordinate of 6 has a y-coordinate of approximately 700. Therefore, the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of
the oxygen gas when its pressure is 6 atmospheres is 700.
Choice A is incorrect. This is the pressure, in atmospheres, not the estimated temperature, in kelvins, of the oxygen gas when
its pressure is 6 atmospheres.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0df106df
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 0df106df

An online bookstore sells novels and magazines. Each novel sells for $4, and each
magazine sells for $1. If Sadie purchased a total of 11 novels and magazines that
have a combined selling price of $20, how many novels did she purchase?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

ID: 0df106df Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Let n be the number of novels and m be the number of magazines that Sadie purchased. If Sadie
purchased a total of 11 novels and magazines, then . It is given that the combined price of 11 novels and
magazines is $20. Since each novel sells for $4 and each magazine sells for $1, it follows that . So the system
of equations below must hold.

Subtracting corresponding sides of the second equation from the first equation yields , so . Therefore, Sadie
purchased 3 novels.

Choice A is incorrect. If 2 novels were purchased, then a total of $8 was spent on novels. That leaves $12 to be spent on
magazines, which means that 12 magazines would have been purchased. However, Sadie purchased a total of 11 novels and
magazines. Choices C and D are incorrect. If 4 novels were purchased, then a total of $16 was spent on novels. That leaves
$4 to be spent on magazines, which means that 4 magazines would have been purchased. By the same logic, if Sadie
purchased 5 novels, she would have no money at all ($0) to buy magazines. However, Sadie purchased a total of 11 novels
and magazines.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID e53870b6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: e53870b6

In the given equation, k is a constant. If the equation has infinitely

many solutions, what is the value of k ?

ID: e53870b6 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 5. Subtracting from both sides of the given equation gives , so for any value of x,
if and only if . Therefore, if the given equation has infinitely many solutions, the value of k is 5.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a1fd2304
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: a1fd2304

How many liters of a 25% saline solution must be added to 3 liters of a 10% saline
solution to obtain a 15% saline solution?

ID: a1fd2304 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 1.5. The total amount, in liters, of a saline solution can be expressed as the liters of each type of saline
solution multiplied by the percent concentration of the saline solution. This gives , , and ,
where x is the amount, in liters, of 25% saline solution and 10%, 15%, and 25% are represented as 0.10, 0.15, and 0.25,
respectively. Thus, the equation must be true. Multiplying 3 by 0.10 and distributing 0.15 to
yields . Subtracting 0.15x and 0.30 from each side of the equation gives
. Dividing each side of the equation by 0.10 yields . Note that 1.5 and 3/2 are examples of ways to
enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID b544a348
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: b544a348

In the solution to the system of equations

above, what is the value of x ?

ID: b544a348 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 7. Subtracting the second equation from the first equation eliminates the variable y.

Dividing both sides of the resulting equation by 4 yields x = 7.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 628300a9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 628300a9

A science teacher is preparing the 5 stations of a science laboratory. Each station

will have either Experiment A materials or Experiment B materials, but not both.
Experiment A requires 6 teaspoons of salt, and Experiment B requires 4 teaspoons
of salt. If x is the number of stations that will be set up for Experiment A and the
remaining stations will be set up for Experiment B, which of the following
expressions represents the total number of teaspoons of salt required?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 628300a9 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It is given that x represents the number of stations that will be set up for Experiment A and that there will
be 5 stations total, so it follows that 5 – x is the number of stations that will be set up for Experiment B. It is also given that
Experiment A requires 6 teaspoons of salt and that Experiment B requires 4 teaspoons of salt, so the total number of
teaspoons of salt required is 6x + 4(5 – x), which simplifies to 2x + 20.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may be the result of not understanding the description of the context.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9ed4c1a2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 9ed4c1a2

What is the slope of the graph of in the xy-plane?

ID: 9ed4c1a2 Answer

Correct Answer: 13.75, 55/4

Rationale

55
The correct answer is 4
. In the xy-plane, the graph of an equation in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants, has
a slope of 𝑚 and a y-intercept of 0, 𝑏. Applying the distributive property to the right-hand side of the given equation yields
27 15 55 15 55
𝑦 = 𝑥 + + 7𝑥. Combining like terms yields 𝑦 = 𝑥 + . This equation is in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 = and
4 4 4 4 4
15 1 55
𝑏= . It follows that the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 27𝑥 + 15 + 7𝑥 in the xy-plane is . Note that 55/4 and 13.75 are
4 4 4
examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c3989ef8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: c3989ef8

Henry receives a gift card to pay for movies online. He uses his gift card to buy movies for each. If he
spends the rest of his gift card balance on renting movies for each, how many movies can Henry rent?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c3989ef8 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that Henry uses his $ 60.00 gift card to buy 3 movies for $ 7.50 each. Therefore, Henry spends
3 $ 7.50, or $ 22.50, of his $ 60.00 gift card to buy 3 movies. After buying 3 movies with his $ 60.00 gift card, Henry has a
gift card balance of $ 60.00 - $ 22.50, or $ 37.50. It's also given that Henry spends the rest of his gift card balance on
$ 37.50
renting movies for $ 1.50 each. Therefore, Henry can rent $ 1.50
, or 25, movies.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 6f6dfe3e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 6f6dfe3e

The table shows three values of and their corresponding values of , where is a constant, for the linear relationship
between and . What is the slope of the line that represents this relationship in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6f6dfe3e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The slope, 𝑚, of a line in the xy-plane can be found using two points on the line, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , and the
𝑦 -𝑦
slope formula 𝑚 = 2 1 . Based on the given table, the line representing the relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 in the xy-plane
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
passes through the points -6, 𝑛 + 184, -3, 𝑛 + 92, and 0, 𝑛, where 𝑛 is a constant. Substituting two of these points, -3, 𝑛 + 92
𝑛 - 𝑛 + 92 𝑛 - 𝑛 - 92
and 0, 𝑛, for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = 0 - -3
, which is equivalent to 𝑚 = 0+3
, or
92 92
𝑚= - 3
. Therefore, the slope of the line that represents this relationship in the xy-plane is -3.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8f0c82e2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 8f0c82e2

The minimum value of is less than times another number . Which inequality shows the possible values of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8f0c82e2 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the minimum value of 𝑥 is 12 less than 6 times another number 𝑛. Therefore, the possible
values of 𝑥 are all greater than or equal to the value of 12 less than 6 times 𝑛. The value of 6 times 𝑛 is given by the
expression 6𝑛. The value of 12 less than 6𝑛 is given by the expression 6𝑛 - 12. Therefore, the possible values of 𝑥 are all
greater than or equal to 6𝑛 - 12. This can be shown by the inequality 𝑥 ≥ 6𝑛 - 12.

Choice A is incorrect. This inequality shows the possible values of 𝑥 if the maximum, not the minimum, value of 𝑥 is 12 less
than 6 times 𝑛.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality shows the possible values of 𝑥 if the maximum, not the minimum, value of 𝑥 is 6 times
𝑛 less than 12, not 12 less than 6 times 𝑛.

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality shows the possible values of 𝑥 if the minimum value of 𝑥 is 6 times 𝑛 less than 12, not
12 less than 6 times 𝑛.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 5ad9eff0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 5ad9eff0

The width of a rectangular dance floor is w feet. The length of the floor is 6 feet
longer than its width. Which of the following expresses the perimeter, in feet, of the
dance floor in terms of w ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5ad9eff0 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It is given that the width of the dance floor is w feet. The length is 6 feet longer than the width; therefore,
the length of the dance floor is . So the perimeter is .

Choice A is incorrect because it is the sum of one length and one width, which is only half the perimeter. Choice C is
incorrect and may result from using the formula for the area instead of the formula for the perimeter and making a
calculation error. Choice D is incorrect because this is the area, not the perimeter, of the dance floor.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 038d87d7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 038d87d7

A neighborhood consists of a -hectare park and a -hectare residential area. The total number of trees in the
neighborhood is . The equation represents this situation. Which of the following is the best
interpretation of x in this context?

A. The average number of trees per hectare in the park

B. The average number of trees per hectare in the residential area

C. The total number of trees in the park

D. The total number of trees in the residential area

ID: 038d87d7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that a neighborhood consists of a 2-hectare park and a 35-hectare residential area and that the
total number of trees in the neighborhood is 3,934. It's also given that the equation 2𝑥 + 35𝑦 = 3,934 represents this
situation. Since the total number of trees for a given area can be determined by taking the number of hectares times the
average number of trees per hectare, this must mean that the terms 2𝑥 and 35𝑦 correspond to the number of trees in the
park and in the residential area, respectively. Since 2𝑥 corresponds to the number of trees in the park, and 2 is the size of the
park, in hectares, 𝑥 must represent the average number of trees per hectare in the park.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 174885f8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 174885f8

Jay walks at a speed of miles per hour and runs at a speed of miles per hour. He walks for hours and runs for hours
for a combined total of miles. Which equation represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 174885f8 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Since Jay walks at a speed of 3 miles per hour for 𝑤 hours, Jay walks a total of 3𝑤 miles. Since Jay runs
at a speed of 5 miles per hour for 𝑟 hours, Jay runs a total of 5𝑟 miles. Therefore, the total number of miles Jay travels can be
represented by 3𝑤 + 5𝑟. Since the combined total number of miles is 14, the equation 3𝑤 + 5𝑟 = 14 represents this situation.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 441558e7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 441558e7

Scientists collected fallen acorns that each housed a colony of the ant species P. ohioensis and analyzed each colony's
structure. For any of these colonies, if the colony has worker ants, the equation , where ,
gives the predicted number of larvae, , in the colony. If one of these colonies has worker ants, which of the following is
closest to the predicted number of larvae in the colony?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 441558e7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the equation 𝑦 = 0.67𝑥 + 2.6, where 20 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 110, gives the predicted number of larvae, 𝑦,
in a colony of ants if the colony has 𝑥 worker ants. If one of these colonies has 58 worker ants, the predicted number of
larvae in that colony can be found by substituting 58 for 𝑥 in the given equation. Substituting 58 for 𝑥 in the given equation
yields 𝑦 = 0.6758 + 2.6, or 𝑦 = 41.46. Of the given choices, 41 is closest to the predicted number of larvae in the colony.

Choice B is incorrect. This is closest to the predicted number of larvae in a colony with 87 worker ants.

Choice C is incorrect. This is closest to the number of worker ants for which the predicted number of larvae in a colony is 58.

Choice D is incorrect. This is closest to the predicted number of larvae in a colony with 280 worker ants.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 46f68129
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 46f68129

A librarian has 43 books to distribute to a group of children. If he gives each child 2

books, he will have 7 books left over. How many children are in the group?

A. 15

B. 18

C. 25

D. 29

ID: 46f68129 Answer

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Subtracting the number of books left over from the total number of books results in , which
is the number of books distributed. Dividing the number of books distributed by the number of books given to each child

results in .

Choice A is incorrect and results from dividing the total number of books by the number of books given to each child,

, then subtracting the number of books left over from the result, . Choice C is incorrect and results
from adding the number of books left over to the total number of books, , then dividing the result by the number

of books given to each child, . Choice D is incorrect and results from dividing the total number of books by the

number of books given to each child, , then adding the number of books left over, .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 2704399f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 2704399f

Which of the following systems of equations has the same solution as the
system of equations graphed above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2704399f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The solution to a system of equations is the coordinates of the intersection point of the graphs of the

equations in the xy-plane. Based on the graph, the solution to the given system of equations is best approximated as .

In the xy-plane, the graph of is a horizontal line on which every y-coordinate is 0, and the graph of is a vertical
line on which every x-coordinate is . These graphs intersect at the point . Therefore, the system of equations in
choice A has the same solution as the given system.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. If graphed in the xy-plane, these choices would intersect at the points , , and

, respectively, not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f02b4509
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: f02b4509

A moving truck can tow a trailer if the combined weight of the trailer and the boxes it contains is no more than
pounds. What is the maximum number of boxes this truck can tow in a trailer with a weight of pounds if each box
weighs pounds?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f02b4509 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the truck can tow a trailer if the combined weight of the trailer and the boxes it contains is
no more than 4,600 pounds. If the trailer has a weight of 500 pounds and each box weighs 120 pounds, the expression
500 + 120𝑏, where 𝑏 is the number of boxes, gives the combined weight of the trailer and the boxes. Since the combined
weight must be no more than 4,600 pounds, the possible numbers of boxes the truck can tow are given by the inequality
500 + 120𝑏 ≤ 4,600. Subtracting 500 from both sides of this inequality yields 120𝑏 ≤ 4,100. Dividing both sides of this
205
inequality by 120 yields 𝑏 ≤ 6
, or 𝑏 is less than or equal to approximately 34.17. Since the number of boxes, 𝑏, must be a
whole number, the maximum number of boxes the truck can tow is the greatest whole number less than 34.17, which is 34.

Choice B is incorrect. Towing the trailer and 35 boxes would yield a combined weight of 4,700 pounds, which is greater than
4,600 pounds.

Choice C is incorrect. Towing the trailer and 38 boxes would yield a combined weight of 5,060 pounds, which is greater than
4,600 pounds.

Choice D is incorrect. Towing the trailer and 39 boxes would yield a combined weight of 5,180 pounds, which is greater than
4,600 pounds.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID daad7c32
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: daad7c32

An object hangs from a spring. The formula relates the length , in

centimeters, of the spring to the weight w, in newtons, of the object. Which of the
following describes the meaning of the 2 in this context?

A. The length, in centimeters, of the spring with no weight attached

B. The weight, in newtons, of an object that will stretch the spring 30 centimeters

C. The increase in the weight, in newtons, of the object for each one-centimeter increase in the length of the spring

D. The increase in the length, in centimeters, of the spring for each one-newton increase in the weight of the object

ID: daad7c32 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The value 2 is multiplied by w, the weight of the object. When the weight is 0, the length is 30 + 2(0) = 30
centimeters. If the weight increases by w newtons, the length increases by 2w centimeters, or 2 centimeters for each one-
newton increase in weight.

Choice A is incorrect because this describes the value 30. Choice B is incorrect because 30 represents the length of the
spring before it has been stretched. Choice C is incorrect because this describes the value w.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 3f8a701b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 3f8a701b

The equation , where a and b are constants, has no

solutions. Which of the following must be true?
I.
II.

III.

A. None

B. I only

C. I and II only

D. I and III only

ID: 3f8a701b Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. For a linear equation in a form to have no solutions, the x-terms must have equal
coefficients and the remaining terms must not be equal. Expanding the right-hand side of the given equation yields
. Inspecting the x-terms, 9 must equal a, so statement I must be true. Inspecting the remaining terms, 5

can’t equal . Dividing both of these quantities by 9 yields that b can’t equal . Therefore, statement III must be true.

Since b can have any value other than , statement II may or may not be true.

Choice A is incorrect. For the given equation to have no solution, both and must be true. Choice B is incorrect

because it must also be true that . Choice C is incorrect because when , there are many values of b that lead to
an equation having no solution. That is, b might be 5, but b isn’t required to be 5.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 0d1dca87
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 0d1dca87

If is the solution to the given system of

equations, what is the value of y ?

ID: 0d1dca87 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 23. Since it’s given that , the value of y can be found by substituting 2 for x in the first equation
and solving for y. Substituting 2 for x yields , or . Subtracting 6 from both sides of this equation
yields .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b9839f9e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: b9839f9e

In the equation above, F represents the total amount of money, in dollars, a food
truck charges for x drinks and y salads. The price, in dollars, of each drink is the
same, and the price, in dollars, of each salad is the same. Which of the following is
the best interpretation for the number 7.00 in this context?

A. The price, in dollars, of one drink

B. The price, in dollars, of one salad

C. The number of drinks bought during the day

D. The number of salads bought during the day

ID: b9839f9e Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that is equal to the total amount of money, in dollars, a food truck charges for x
drinks and y salads. Since each salad has the same price, it follows that the total charge for y salads is dollars. When
, the value of the expression is , or 7.00. Therefore, the price for one salad is 7.00 dollars.

Choice A is incorrect. Since each drink has the same price, it follows that the total charge for x drinks is dollars.
Therefore, the price, in dollars, for one drink is 2.50, not 7.00. Choices C and D are incorrect. In the given equation, F
represents the total charge, in dollars, when x drinks and y salads are bought at the food truck. No information is provided
about the number of drinks or the number of salads that are bought during the day. Therefore, 7.00 doesn’t represent either
of these quantities.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 023c0a8d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 023c0a8d

For the function f, if for all values of x,

what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C. 0

D. 2

ID: 023c0a8d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that for all values of x. If , then will equal . Dividing both sides
of by 3 gives . Therefore, substituting 2 for x in the given equation yields , which can be
rewritten as .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of the constant in the given equation for f. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
substituting , rather than , into the given equation. Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of x that yields for
the left-hand side of the given equation; it’s not the value of .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 686b7cad
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 686b7cad

A proposal for a new library was included on an election ballot. A radio show stated that times as many people voted in
favor of the proposal as people who voted against it. A social media post reported that more people voted in favor of
the proposal than voted against it. Based on these data, how many people voted against the proposal?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 686b7cad Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that a radio show stated that 3 times as many people voted in favor of the proposal as people
who voted against it. Let 𝑥 represent the number of people who voted against the proposal. It follows that 3𝑥 is the number
of people who voted in favor of the proposal and 3𝑥 - 𝑥, or 2𝑥, is how many more people voted in favor of the proposal than
voted against it. It's also given that a social media post reported that 15,000 more people voted in favor of the proposal than
voted against it. Thus, 2𝑥 = 15,000. Since 2𝑥 = 15,000, the value of 𝑥 must be half of 15,000, or 7,500. Therefore, 7,500
people voted against the proposal.

Choice B is incorrect. This is how many more people voted in favor of the proposal than voted against it, not the number of
people who voted against the proposal.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the number of people who voted in favor of the proposal, not the number of people who voted
against the proposal.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID fbb0ea7f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: fbb0ea7f

A rocket contained kilograms (kg) of propellant before launch. Exactly seconds after launch, kg of this
propellant remained. On average, approximately how much propellant, in kg, did the rocket burn each second after launch?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: fbb0ea7f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the rocket contained 467,000 kilograms (kg) of propellant before launch and had
362,105 kg remaining exactly 21 seconds after launch. Finding the difference between the amount, in kg, of propellant
before launch and the remaining amount, in kg, of propellant after launch gives the amount, in kg, of propellant burned during
the 21 seconds: 467,000 - 362,105 = 104,895. Dividing the amount of propellant burned by the number of seconds yields
104,895
= 4,995. Thus, an average of 4,995 kg of propellant burned each second after launch.
21

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from finding the amount of propellant burned, rather than the amount of propellant
burned each second.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 75012ee7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 75012ee7

For each real number , which of the following points lies on the graph of each equation in the xy-plane for the given system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 75012ee7 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The two given equations are equivalent because the second equation can be obtained from the first
equation by multiplying each side of the equation by 5. Thus, the graphs of the equations are coincident, so if a point lies on
the graph of one of the equations, it also lies on the graph of the other equation. A point 𝑥, 𝑦 lies on the graph of an equation
in the xy-plane if and only if this point represents a solution to the equation. It is sufficient, therefore, to find the point that
3𝑟 7
represents a solution to the first given equation. Substituting the x- and y-coordinates of choice B, - 2 + 2 and 𝑟, for 𝑥 and 𝑦,
3𝑟 7
respectively, in the first equation yields 2- 2 + 2 + 3𝑟 = 7, which is equivalent to -3𝑟 + 7 + 3𝑟 = 7, or 7 = 7. Therefore, the
3𝑟 7
point - + , 𝑟 represents a solution to the first equation and thus lies on the graph of each equation in the xy-plane for the
2 2
given system.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID a7a14e87
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: a7a14e87

In the xy-plane, line k is defined by . Line j is perpendicular to line k, and

the y-intercept of line j is . Which of the following is an equation of line j ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a7a14e87 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that line j is perpendicular to line k and that line k is defined by the equation . This
equation can be rewritten in slope-intercept form, , where m represents the slope of the line and b represents
the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line, by subtracting x from both sides of the equation, which yields . Thus,
the slope of line k is . Since line j and line k are perpendicular, their slopes are opposite reciprocals of each other. Thus,
the slope of line j is 1. It’s given that the y-intercept of line j is . Therefore, the equation for line j in slope-intercept form
is , which can be rewritten as .

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 90bd9ef8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 90bd9ef8

The average annual energy cost for a certain home is $4,334. The homeowner
plans to spend $25,000 to install a geothermal heating system. The homeowner
estimates that the average annual energy cost will then be $2,712. Which of the
following inequalities can be solved to find t, the number of years after installation
at which the total amount of energy cost savings will exceed the installation cost?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 90bd9ef8 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The savings each year from installing the geothermal heating system will be the average annual energy
cost for the home before the geothermal heating system installation minus the average annual energy cost after the
geothermal heating system installation, which is dollars. In t years, the savings will be
dollars. Therefore, the inequality that can be solved to find the number of years after installation at which the total amount of
energy cost savings will exceed (be greater than) the installation cost, $25,000, is .

Choice A is incorrect. It gives the number of years after installation at which the total amount of energy cost savings will be
less than the installation cost. Choice C is incorrect and may result from subtracting the average annual energy cost for the
home from the onetime cost
of the geothermal heating system installation. To find the predicted total savings, the predicted average cost should be
subtracted from the average annual energy cost before the installation, and the result should be multiplied by the number of

years, t. Choice D is incorrect and may result from misunderstanding the context. The ratio compares the average
energy cost before installation and the average energy cost after installation; it does not represent the savings.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 776cfa7c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 776cfa7c

Hana deposited a fixed amount into her bank account each month. The function gives the amount, in
dollars, in Hana's bank account after monthly deposits. What is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. With each monthly deposit, the amount in Hana's bank account increased by .

B. Before Hana made any monthly deposits, the amount in her bank account was .

C. After monthly deposit, the amount in Hana's bank account was .

D. Hana made a total of monthly deposits.

ID: 776cfa7c Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that 𝑡 represents the number of monthly deposits. In the given function 𝑓𝑡 = 100 + 25𝑡, the
coefficient of 𝑡 is 25. This means that for every increase in the value of 𝑡 by 1, the value of 𝑓𝑡 increases by 25. It follows that
with each monthly deposit, the amount in Hana's bank account increased by $ 25.

Choice B is incorrect. Before Hana made any monthly deposits, the amount in her bank account was $ 100.

Choice C is incorrect. After 1 monthly deposit, the amount in Hana's bank account was $ 125.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 74c98c82
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 74c98c82

An event planner is planning a party. It costs the event planner a onetime fee of to rent the venue and per
attendee. The event planner has a budget of . What is the greatest number of attendees possible without exceeding the
budget?

ID: 74c98c82 Answer

Correct Answer: 16

Rationale

The correct answer is 16. The total cost of the party is found by adding the onetime fee of the venue to the cost per attendee
times the number of attendees. Let 𝑥 be the number of attendees. The expression 35 + 10.25𝑥 thus represents the total cost
of the party. It's given that the budget is $ 200, so this situation can be represented by the inequality 35 + 10.25𝑥 ≤ 200. The
greatest number of attendees can be found by solving this inequality for 𝑥. Subtracting 35 from both sides of this inequality
gives 10.25𝑥 ≤ 165. Dividing both sides of this inequality by 10.25 results in approximately 𝑥 ≤ 16.098. Since the question is
stated in terms of attendees, rounding 𝑥 down to the nearest whole number, 16, gives the greatest number of attendees
possible.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 36ab4122
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 36ab4122

Megan’s regular wage at her job is p dollars per hour for the first 8 hours of work in
a day plus 1.5 times her regular hourly wage for work in excess of 8 hours that day.
On a given day, Megan worked for 10 hours, and her total earnings for that day
were $137.50. What is Megan’s regular hourly wage?

A. $11.75

B. $12.50

C. $13.25

D. $13.75

ID: 36ab4122 Answer

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since p represents Megan’s regular pay per hour, 1.5p represents the pay per hour in excess of 8 hours.
Since Megan worked for 10 hours, she must have been paid p dollars per hour for 8 of the hours plus 1.5p dollars per hour
for the remaining 2 hours. Therefore, since Megan earned $137.50 for the 10 hours, the situation can be represented by the
equation 137.5 = 8p + 2(1.5)p. Distributing the 2 in the equation gives 137.5 = 8p + 3p, and combining like terms gives 137.5
= 11p. Dividing both sides by 11 gives p = 12.5. Therefore, Megan’s regular wage is $12.50.

Choices A and C are incorrect and may be the result of calculation errors. Choice D is incorrect and may result from finding
the average hourly wage that Megan earned for the 10 hours of work.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 1efd8202
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 1efd8202

Which table gives three values of and their corresponding values of for the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1efd8202 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Each of the given choices gives three values of 𝑥: 0, 2, and 4. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in the given equation
yields 𝑦 = 700 + 8, or 𝑦 = 8. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 0, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 8. Substituting 2
for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑦 = 702 + 8, or 𝑦 = 148. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given
equation is 148. Substituting 4 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑦 = 704 + 8, or 𝑦 = 288. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 4, the
corresponding value of 𝑦 for the given equation is 288. Thus, if the three values of 𝑥 are 0, 2, and 4, then their corresponding
values of 𝑦 are 8, 148, and 288, respectively, for the given equation.

Choice B is incorrect. This table gives three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 70.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 73b5f330
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 73b5f330

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 73b5f330 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = 5𝑥 + 8. Substituting 58 for 𝑓𝑥 in this equation yields
58 = 5𝑥 + 8. Subtracting 8 from both sides of this equation yields 50 = 5𝑥. Dividing both sides of this equation by 5 yields
10 = 𝑥. Therefore, the value of 𝑥 when 𝑓𝑥 = 58 is 10.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓58, not the value of 𝑥 when 𝑓𝑥 = 58.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 4f7981a0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 4f7981a0

If , what is the
value of ?

ID: 4f7981a0 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 24. Multiplying both sides of the given equation by 3 yields . Using the distributive
property to rewrite the left-hand side of this equation yields .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID e9ef0e6b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: e9ef0e6b

A model estimates that whales from the genus Eschrichtius travel to miles in the ocean each day during their
migration. Based on this model, which inequality represents the estimated total number of miles, , a whale from the genus
Eschrichtius could travel in days of its migration?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e9ef0e6b Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that the model estimates that whales from the genus Eschrichtius travel 72 to 77 miles in the
ocean each day during their migration. If one of these whales travels 72 miles each day for 16 days, then the whale travels
7216 miles total. If one of these whales travels 77 miles each day for 16 days, then the whale travels 7716 miles total.
Therefore, the model estimates that in 16 days of its migration, a whale from the genus Eschrichtius could travel at least
7216 and at most 7716 miles total. Thus, the inequality 7216 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 7716 represents the estimated total number of miles, 𝑥, a
whale from the genus Eschrichtius could travel in 16 days of its migration.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c841e8e8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: c841e8e8

What is the solution to the given equation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c841e8e8 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Subtracting 12 from both sides of the given equation yields 𝑘 = 324. Therefore, the solution to the given
equation is 324.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID cb58833c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: cb58833c

The line with the equation is graphed in the xy‑plane. What is the
x-coordinate of the x‑intercept of the line?

ID: cb58833c Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 1.25. The y-coordinate of the x-intercept is 0, so 0 can be substituted for y, giving .

This simplifies to . Multiplying both sides of by 5 gives . Dividing both sides of by 4 gives

, which is equivalent to 1.25. Note that 1.25 and 5/4 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 81390d6c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 81390d6c

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 81390d6c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Substituting 50 for 𝑥 in the given function yields ℎ50 = 50 + 200, or ℎ50 = 250. Therefore, the value of
ℎ50 is 250.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of ℎ0.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of ℎ9,800.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of ℎ50,000.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 567ac7ab
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 567ac7ab

One of the two equations in a linear system is . The system has no

solution. Which of the following could be the other equation in the system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 567ac7ab Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. A system of two linear equations written in standard form has no solution when the equations are
distinct and the ratio of the x-coefficient to the y-coefficient for one equation is equivalent to the ratio of the x-coefficient to
the y-coefficient for the other equation. This ratio for the given equation is 2 to 6, or 1 to 3. Only choice B is an equation that
isn’t equivalent to the given equation and whose ratio of the x-coefficient to the y-coefficient is 1 to 3.

Choice A is incorrect. Multiplying each of the terms in this equation by 2 yields an equation that is equivalent to the given
equation. This system would have infinitely many solutions. Choices C and D are incorrect. The ratio of the x-coefficient to
the y-coefficient in (choice C) is to 2, or to 1. This ratio in (choice D) is 6 to 2, or 3 to 1.
Since neither of these ratios is equivalent to that for the given equation, these systems would have exactly one solution.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9d0396d4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 9d0396d4

The point with coordinates lies on the line shown. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9d0396d4 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given from the graph that the points 0, 7 and 8, 0 lie on the line. For two points on a line, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and
𝑦 -𝑦
𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , the slope of the line can be calculated using the slope formula 𝑚 = 2 1 . Substituting 0, 7 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 8, 0 for 𝑥2 , 𝑦2
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
0-7 7
in this formula, the slope of the line can be calculated as 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = - . It's also given that the point 𝑑, 4 lies on the line.
8-0 8
7 7 0-4 -4 7
Substituting 𝑑, 4 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 8, 0 for 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , and - 8 for 𝑚 in the slope formula yields - 8 = 8-𝑑
,
8-𝑑
or - 8 =
. Multiplying both sides
7 7
of this equation by 8 - 𝑑 yields - 8 8 - 𝑑 = - 4. Expanding the left-hand side of this equation yields -7 + 8 𝑑 = - 4. Adding 7 to
7 8 24 24
both sides of this equation yields 8 𝑑 = 3. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 7 yields 𝑑 = 7 . Thus, the value of 𝑑 is 7 .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 4.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 5a7ab8e8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 5a7ab8e8

How many solutions does the given equation have?

A. Exactly one

B. Exactly two

C. Infinitely many

D. Zero

ID: 5a7ab8e8 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. If the two sides of a linear equation are equivalent, then the equation is true for any value. If an equation
is true for any value, it has infinitely many solutions. Since the two sides of the given linear equation 66𝑥 = 66𝑥 are
equivalent, the given equation has infinitely many solutions.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a04050d8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a04050d8

The table above gives the typical amounts of energy per gram, expressed in both
food calories and kilojoules, of the three macronutrients in food. If the 180 food
calories in a granola bar come entirely from p grams of protein, f grams of fat, and
c grams of carbohydrate, which of the following expresses f in terms of p and c ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a04050d8 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It is given that there are 4.0 food calories per gram of protein, 9.0 food calories per gram of fat, and 4.0
food calories per gram of carbohydrate. If 180 food calories in a granola bar came from p grams of protein, f grams of fat,
and c grams of carbohydrate, then the situation can be represented by the equation . The equation can
then be rewritten in terms of f by subtracting 4p and 4c from both sides of the equation and then dividing both sides of the

equation by 9. The result is the equation .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may be the result of not representing the situation with the correct equation or
incorrectly rewriting the equation in terms of f.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4e77195b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 4e77195b

If , what is the value of ?

ID: 4e77195b Answer

Correct Answer: 480

Rationale

The correct answer is 480. Multiplying both sides of the given equation by 8 yields 82 + 𝑥 = 860, or 16 + 8𝑥 = 480.
Therefore, if 2 + 𝑥 = 60, the value of 16 + 8𝑥 is 480.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 113b938e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 113b938e

The equation above represents the speed y, in feet per second, of Sheila’s bicycle x
seconds after she applied the brakes at the end of a ride. If the equation is graphed
in the xy-plane, which of the following is the best interpretation of the x-coordinate
of the line’s x-intercept in the context of the problem?

A. The speed of Sheila’s bicycle, in feet per second, before Sheila applied the brakes

B. The number of feet per second the speed of Sheila’s bicycle decreased each second after Sheila applied the brakes

C. The number of seconds it took from the time Sheila began applying the brakes until the bicycle came to a complete stop

D. The number of feet Sheila’s bicycle traveled from the time she began applying the brakes until the bicycle came to a
complete stop

ID: 113b938e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that for each point on the graph of the given equation, the x-coordinate represents the
number of seconds after Sheila applied the brakes, and the y-coordinate represents the speed of Sheila’s bicycle at that
moment in time. For the graph of the equation, the y-coordinate of the x-intercept is 0. Therefore, the x-coordinate of the x-
intercept of the graph of the given equation represents the number of seconds it took from the time Sheila began applying
the brakes until the bicycle came to a complete stop.

Choice A is incorrect. The speed of Sheila’s bicycle before she applied the brakes is represented by the y-coordinate of the y-
intercept of the graph of the given equation, not the x-coordinate of the x-intercept. Choice B is incorrect. The number of feet
per second the speed of Sheila’s bicycle decreased each second after Sheila applied the brakes is represented by the slope
of the graph of the given equation, not the x-coordinate of the x-intercept. Choice D is incorrect and may result from
misinterpreting x as the distance, in feet, traveled after applying the brakes, rather than the time, in seconds, after applying
the brakes.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 2e1a7f66
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 2e1a7f66

Figure A and figure B are both regular polygons. The sum of the perimeter of figure A and the perimeter of figure B is
inches. The equation represents this situation, where is the number of sides of figure A and is the
number of sides of figure B. Which statement is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. Each side of figure B has a length of inches.

B. The number of sides of figure B is .

C. Each side of figure A has a length of inches.

D. The number of sides of figure A is .

ID: 2e1a7f66 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that figure A and figure B (not shown) are both regular polygons and the sum of the perimeters
of the two figures is 63 inches. It’s also given that 𝑥 is the number of sides of figure A and 𝑦 is the number of sides of figure
B, and that the equation 3𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 63 represents this situation. Thus, 3𝑥 and 6𝑦 represent the perimeters, in inches, of figure
A and figure B, respectively. Since 6𝑦 represents the perimeter, in inches, of figure B and 𝑦 is the number of sides of figure B,
it follows that each side of figure B has a length of 6 inches.

Choice B is incorrect. The number of sides of figure B is 𝑦, not 6.

Choice C is incorrect. Since the perimeter, in inches, of figure A is represented by 3𝑥, each side of figure A has a length of
3 inches, not 6 inches.

Choice D is incorrect. The number of sides of figure A is 𝑥, not 6.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 029c2dc2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 029c2dc2

A teacher is creating an assignment worth points. The assignment will consist of questions worth point and questions
worth points. Which equation represents this situation, where represents the number of -point questions and
represents the number of -point questions?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 029c2dc2 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since 𝑥 represents the number of 1-point questions and 𝑦 represents the number of 3-point questions,
the assignment is worth a total of 1 · 𝑥 + 3 · 𝑦, or 𝑥 + 3𝑦, points. Since the assignment is worth 70 points, the equation
𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 70 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 5e422ff9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 5e422ff9

In the solution to the system of equations

above, what is the value of y ?

A.

B.

C. 9

D. 15

ID: 5e422ff9 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Multiplying both sides of by 5 results in . Multiplying both sides of by

2 results in . Subtracting the resulting equations yields , which simplifies to
. Dividing both sides of by results in .

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from incorrectly subtracting the transformed equation. Choice C is incorrect
and may result from finding the value of x instead of the value of y.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e744499e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: e744499e

An elementary school teacher is ordering x workbooks and y sets of flash cards for
a math class. The teacher must order at least 20 items, but the total cost of the
order must not be over $80. If the workbooks cost $3 each and the flash cards cost
$4 per set, which of the following systems of inequalities models this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e744499e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The total number of workbooks and sets of flash cards ordered is represented by x + y. Since the teacher
must order at least 20 items, it must be true that x + y ≥ 20. Each workbook costs $3; therefore, 3x represents the cost, in
dollars, of x workbooks. Each set of flashcards costs $4; therefore, 4y represents the cost, in dollars, of y sets of flashcards.
It follows that the total cost for x workbooks and y sets of flashcards is 3x + 4y. Since the total cost of the order must not be
over $80, it must also be true that 3x + 4y ≤ 80. Of the choices given, these inequalities are shown only in choice A.

Choice B is incorrect. The second inequality says that the total cost must be greater, not less than or equal to $80. Choice C
incorrectly limits the cost by the minimum number of items and the number of items with the maximum cost. Choice D is
incorrect. The first inequality incorrectly says that at most 20 items must be ordered, and the second inequality says that the
total cost of the order must be at least, not at most, $80.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID c5479c1a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: c5479c1a

A shipment consists of -pound boxes and -pound boxes with a total weight of pounds. There are -pound boxes
in the shipment. How many -pound boxes are in the shipment?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c5479c1a Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the shipment consists of 5-pound boxes and 10-pound boxes with a total weight of 220
pounds. Let 𝑥 represent the number of 5-pound boxes and 𝑦 represent the number of 10-pound boxes in the shipment.
Therefore, the equation 5𝑥 + 10𝑦 = 220 represents this situation. It's given that there are 13 10-pound boxes in the shipment.
Substituting 13 for 𝑦 in the equation 5𝑥 + 10𝑦 = 220 yields 5𝑥 + 1013 = 220, or 5𝑥 + 130 = 220. Subtracting 130 from both
sides of this equation yields 5𝑥 = 90. Dividing both sides of this equation by 5 yields 18. Thus, there are 18 5-pound boxes in
the shipment.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the number of 10-pound boxes in the shipment.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 14360f84
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 14360f84

In the given system of equations, is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 14360f84 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the lines represented by the
equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane represented by equations in the
form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, are parallel if the coefficients for 𝑥 and 𝑦 in one equation are proportional
to the corresponding coefficients in the other equation. The first equation in the given system can be written in the form
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 by subtracting 9𝑦 from both sides of the equation to yield 4𝑥 - 18𝑦 = 5. The second equation in the given
system can be written in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 by subtracting 4𝑥 from both sides of the equation to yield -4𝑥 + ℎ𝑦 = 2. The
coefficient of 𝑥 in this second equation, -4, is -1 times the coefficient of 𝑥 in the first equation, 4. For the lines to be parallel,
the coefficient of 𝑦 in the second equation, ℎ, must also be -1 times the coefficient of 𝑦 in the first equation, -18. Thus,
ℎ = - 1 ( - 18 ) , or ℎ = 18. Therefore, if the given system has no solution, the value of ℎ is 18.

Choice A is incorrect. If the value of ℎ is -9, then the given system would have one solution, rather than no solution.

Choice B is incorrect. If the value of ℎ is 0, then the given system would have one solution, rather than no solution.

Choice C is incorrect. If the value of ℎ is 9, then the given system would have one solution, rather than no solution.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6efcc0a3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 6efcc0a3

In the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6efcc0a3 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form ℎ𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are
constants. It’s given that ℎ0 = 41. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 41 for ℎ𝑥 in the equation ℎ𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 41 = 𝑎0 + 𝑏, or 𝑏 = 41.
Substituting 41 for 𝑏 in the equation ℎ𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields ℎ𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 41. It’s also given that ℎ1 = 40. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 and 40
for ℎ𝑥 in the equation ℎ𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 41 yields 40 = 𝑎1 + 41, or 40 = 𝑎 + 41. Subtracting 41 from the left- and right-hand sides of
this equation yields -1 = 𝑎. Substituting -1 for 𝑎 in the equation ℎ𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 41 yields ℎ𝑥 = - 1𝑥 + 41, or ℎ𝑥 = - 𝑥 + 41.

Choice B is incorrect. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 41 for ℎ𝑥 in this equation yields 41 = - 0, which isn't a true statement.

Choice C is incorrect. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 41 for ℎ𝑥 in this equation yields 41 = - 410, or 41 = 0, which isn't a true
statement.

Choice D is incorrect. Substituting 41 for ℎ𝑥 in this equation yields 41 = - 41, which isn't a true statement.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 637022d2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 637022d2

The given equation describes the relationship between the number of birds, , and the number of reptiles, , that can be
cared for at a pet care business on a given day. If the business cares for reptiles on a given day, how many birds can it
care for on this day?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 637022d2 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The number of birds can be found by calculating the value of 𝑏 when 𝑟 = 16 in the given equation.
Substituting 16 for 𝑟 in the given equation yields 2.5𝑏 + 516 = 80, or 2.5𝑏 + 80 = 80. Subtracting 80 from both sides of this
equation yields 2.5𝑏 = 0. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2.5 yields 𝑏 = 0. Therefore, if the business cares for 16
reptiles on a given day, it can care for 0 birds on this day.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9ff10b3b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 9ff10b3b

If , what is
the value of x ?

A.

B.

C. 3

D. 6

ID: 9ff10b3b Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. To make it easier to add like terms on the left-hand side of the given equation, both sides of the equation

can be multiplied by 6, which is the lowest common denominator of and . This yields , which can be
rewritten as . Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from subtracting the denominators instead of numerators with common denominators

to get , rather than , on the left-hand side of the equation. Choice B is incorrect and may result from rewriting the

given equation as instead of . Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or computational
errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID e77a76ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: e77a76ce

Which of the following systems of linear equations has no solution?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e77a76ce Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the graphs of the lines
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane represented by
equations in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants, are parallel if their slopes, 𝑚, are the same and
are distinct if their y-coordinates of the y-intercepts, 𝑏, are different. In the equations 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 3 and 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 9, the values of
𝑚 are each 6, and the values of 𝑏 are 3 and 9, respectively. Since the slopes of these lines are the same and the y-
coordinates of the y-intercepts are different, it follows that the system of linear equations in choice A has no solution.

Choice B is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations are a horizontal line and a line with a slope of 10 that
have the same y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Therefore, this system has a solution, 0, 10, rather than no solution.

Choice C is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations have different slopes and the same y-coordinate of the y-
intercept. Therefore, this system has a solution, 0, 14, rather than no solution.

Choice D is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations are a vertical line and a horizontal line. Therefore, this
system has a solution, 3, 10, rather than no solution.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID aad7e1b9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: aad7e1b9

The function is defined by . What is the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: aad7e1b9 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The y-intercept of the graph of a function in the xy-plane is the point on the graph where 𝑥 = 0. It′s given
1 1
that 𝑓𝑥 = 10
𝑥 - 2. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 in this equation yields 𝑓0 = 10
0 - 2, or 𝑓0 = - 2. Since it′s given that 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥, it follows
that 𝑦 = - 2 when 𝑥 = 0. Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane is 0, - 2.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 1bc11c4e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1bc11c4e

The given function models the number of gallons of gasoline that remains from a full gas tank in a car after driving
miles. According to the model, about how many gallons of gasoline are used to drive each mile?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1bc11c4e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the function 𝑔 models the number of gallons that remain from a full gas tank in a car after
driving 𝑚 miles. In the given function 𝑔𝑚 = - 0.05𝑚 + 12.1, the coefficient of 𝑚 is -0.05. This means that for every increase in
the value of 𝑚 by 1, the value of 𝑔𝑚 decreases by 0.05. It follows that for each mile driven, there is a decrease of 0.05 gallons
of gasoline. Therefore, 0.05 gallons of gasoline are used to drive each mile.

Choice B is incorrect and represents the number of gallons of gasoline in a full gas tank.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b3c7ca1d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: b3c7ca1d

Which of the following systems of linear equations has no solution?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b3c7ca1d Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. A system of two linear equations in two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, has no solution if the graphs of the lines
represented by the equations in the xy-plane are distinct and parallel. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane represented by
equations in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants, are parallel if their slopes, 𝑚, are the same and
are distinct if their y-coordinates of the y-intercepts, 𝑏, are different. In the equations 𝑦 = 16𝑥 + 3 and 𝑦 = 16𝑥 + 19, the
values of 𝑚 are each 16, and the values of 𝑏 are 3 and 19, respectively. Since the slopes of these lines are the same, and the
y-coordinates of the y-intercepts are different, it follows that the system of linear equations in choice C has no solution.

Choice A is incorrect. The lines represented by the equations in this system are a vertical line and a horizontal line. Therefore,
this system has a solution, 3, 5, rather than no solution.

Choice B is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations have different slopes and the same y-coordinate of the y-
intercept. Therefore, this system has a solution, 0, 6, rather than no solution.

Choice D is incorrect. The two lines represented by these equations are a horizontal line and a line with a slope of 5 that have
the same y-coordinate of the y-intercept. Therefore, this system has a solution, 0, 5, rather than no solution.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 2d0e13a6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 2d0e13a6

Line is defined by . Line is parallel to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of ?

ID: 2d0e13a6 Answer

Correct Answer: .25, 1/4

Rationale

1 1
The correct answer is 4 . It's given that line 𝑘 is defined by 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 + 1. It's also given that line 𝑗 is parallel to line 𝑘 in the xy-
plane. A line in the xy-plane represented by an equation in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 has a slope of 𝑚 and a y-intercept
1 1
of 0, 𝑏. Therefore, the slope of line 𝑘 is . Since parallel lines have equal slopes, the slope of line 𝑗 is . Note that 1/4 and .25
4 4
are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b8e73b5b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: b8e73b5b

Ken is working this summer as part of a crew on a farm. He earned $8 per hour for
the first 10 hours he worked this week. Because of his performance, his crew
leader raised his salary to $10 per hour for the rest of the week. Ken saves 90% of
his earnings from each week. What is the least number of hours he must work the
rest of the week to save at least $270 for the week?

A. 38

B. 33

C. 22

D. 16

ID: b8e73b5b Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Ken earned $8 per hour for the first 10 hours he worked, so he earned a total of $80 for the first 10 hours
he worked. For the rest of the week, Ken was paid at the rate of $10 per hour. Let x be the number of hours he will work for
the rest of the week. The total of Ken’s earnings, in dollars, for the week will be . He saves 90% of his earnings each
week, so this week he will save dollars. The inequality represents the condition that he
will save at least $270 for the week. Factoring 10 out of the expression gives . The product of 10 and 0.9

is 9, so the inequality can be rewritten as . Dividing both sides of this inequality by 9 yields , so
. Therefore, the least number of hours Ken must work the rest of the week to save at least $270 for the week is 22.

Choices A and B are incorrect because Ken can save $270 by working fewer hours than 38 or 33 for the rest of the week.
Choice D is incorrect. If Ken worked 16 hours for the rest of the week, his total earnings for the week will be
, which is less than $270. Since he saves only 90% of his earnings each week, he would save even
less than $240 for the week.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 830120b0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 830120b0

Which of the following consists of the y-coordinates of all the points that
satisfy the system of inequalities above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 830120b0 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Subtracting the same number from each side of an inequality gives an equivalent inequality. Hence,
subtracting 1 from each side of the inequality gives . So the given system of inequalities is equivalent to
the system of inequalities and , which can be rewritten as . Using the transitive property
of inequalities, it follows that .

Choice A is incorrect because there are points with a y-coordinate less than 6 that satisfy the given system of inequalities.
For example, satisfies both inequalities. Choice C is incorrect. This may result from solving the inequality for
x, then replacing x with y. Choice D is incorrect because this inequality allows y-values that are not the y-coordinate of any

point that satisfies both inequalities. For example, is contained in the set ; however, if 2 is substituted into the

first inequality for y, the result is . This cannot be true because the second inequality gives .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c8e0f511
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: c8e0f511

For a camping trip a group bought one-liter bottles of water and three-liter bottles of water, for a total of liters of
water. Which equation represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c8e0f511 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that for a camping trip a group bought 𝑥 one-liter bottles of water and 𝑦 three-liter bottles of
water. Since the group bought 𝑥 one-liter bottles of water, the total number of liters bought from 𝑥 one-liter bottles of water is
represented as 1𝑥, or 𝑥. Since the group bought 𝑦 three-liter bottles of water, the total number of liters bought from 𝑦 three-
liter bottles of water is represented as 3𝑦. It's given that the group bought a total of 240 liters; thus, the equation
𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 240 represents this situation.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the group bought 𝑥 three-liter bottles of water and 𝑦 one-
liter bottles of water, for a total of 240 liters of water.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID c4ea43ef
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: c4ea43ef

To earn money for college, Avery works two part-time jobs: A and B. She earns $10
per hour working at job A and $20 per hour working at job B. In one week, Avery
earned a total of s dollars for working at the two part-time jobs. The graph above
represents all possible combinations of numbers of hours Avery could have
worked at the two jobs to earn s dollars. What is the value of s ?

A. 128

B. 160

C. 200

D. 320

ID: c4ea43ef Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Avery earns $10 per hour working at job A. Therefore, if she works a hours at job A, she will earn
dollars. Avery earns $20 per hour working at job B. Therefore, if she works b hours at job B, she will earn dollars. The
graph shown represents all possible combinations of the number of hours Avery could have worked at the two jobs to earn s
dollars. Therefore, if she worked a hours at job A, worked b hours at job B, and earned s dollars from both jobs, the following
equation represents the graph: , where s is a constant. Identifying any point from the graph and
substituting the values of the coordinates for a and b, respectively, in this equation yield the value of s. For example, the point
, where and , lies on the graph. Substituting 16 for a and 0 for b in the equation yields
, or . Similarly, the point , where and , lies on the graph. Substituting 0 for a and
8 for b in the equation yields , or .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. If the value of s is 128, 200, or 320, then no points on the graph will satisfy this
equation. For example, if the value of s is 128 (choice A), then the equation becomes .
The point , where and , lies on the graph. However, substituting 16 for a and 0 for b in
yields , or , which is false. Therefore, doesn’t satisfy the equation, and so the value
of s can’t be 128. Similarly, if (choice C) or (choice D), then substituting 16 for a and 0 for b yields
and , respectively, which are both false.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID de6fe450
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: de6fe450

On January 1, 2015, a city’s minimum hourly wage was $9.25. It will increase by
$0.50 on the first day of the year for the next 5 years. Which of the following
functions best models the minimum hourly wage, in dollars, x years after January
1, 2015, where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: de6fe450 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the city’s minimum hourly wage will increase by $0.50 on the first day of the year for the 5
years after January 1, 2015. Therefore, the total increase, in dollars, in the minimum hourly wage x years after January 1,
2015, is represented by . Since the minimum hourly wage on January 1, 2015, was $9.25, it follows that the minimum
hourly wage, in dollars, x years after January 1, 2015, is represented by . Therefore, the function
best models this situation.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. In choice A, the function models a situation where the minimum hourly wage is $9.25 on
January 1, 2015, but decreases by $0.50 on the first day of the year for the next 5 years. The functions in choices B and D
both model a situation where the minimum hourly wage is increasing by $9.25 on the first day of the year for the 5 years
after January 1, 2015.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 03503d49
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 03503d49

A business owner plans to purchase the same model of chair for each of the employees. The total budget to spend on
these chairs is , which includes a sales tax. Which of the following is closest to the maximum possible price per
chair, before sales tax, the business owner could pay based on this budget?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 03503d49 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that a business owner plans to purchase 81 chairs. If 𝑝 is the price per chair, the total price of
purchasing 81 chairs is 81𝑝. It’s also given that 7% sales tax is included, which is equivalent to 81𝑝 multiplied by 1.07, or
81 ( 1.07 ) 𝑝. Since the total budget is $ 14,000, the inequality representing the situation is given by 81 ( 1.07 ) 𝑝 ≤ 14,000.
Dividing both sides of this inequality by 81 ( 1.07 ) and rounding the result to two decimal places gives 𝑝 ≤ 161.53. To not
exceed the budget, the maximum possible price per chair is $ 161.53.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the maximum possible price per chair including sales tax, not the maximum possible price per
chair before sales tax.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the maximum possible price if the sales tax is added to the total budget, not the maximum
possible price per chair before sales tax.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4ec95eab
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 4ec95eab

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4ec95eab Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The given system of linear equations can be solved by the substitution method. Substituting -3𝑥 for 𝑦
from the first equation in the given system into the second equation yields 4𝑥 + -3𝑥 = 15, or 𝑥 = 15.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the absolute value of 𝑦, not the value of 𝑥.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 2d54c272
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 2d54c272

At a school fair, students can win colored tokens that are worth a different number of points depending on the color. One
student won green tokens and red tokens worth a total of points. The given equation represents this situation. How
many more points is a red token worth than a green token?

ID: 2d54c272 Answer

Correct Answer: 40

Rationale

The correct answer is 40. It's given that 5𝐺 + 45𝑅 = 380, where 𝐺 is the number of green tokens and 𝑅 is the number of red
tokens won by one student and these tokens are worth a total of 380 points. Since the equation represents the situation
where the student won points with green tokens and red tokens for a total of 380 points, each term on the left-hand side of
the equation represents the number of points won for one of the colors. Since the coefficient of 𝐺 in the given equation is 5, a
green token must be worth 5 points. Similarly, since the coefficient of 𝑅 in the given equation is 45, a red token must be
worth 45 points. Therefore, a red token is worth 45 - 5 points, or 40 points, more than a green token.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID cee5b352
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: cee5b352

The length, , of a white whale was when it was born and increased an average of per
month for the first months after it was born. Which equation best represents this situation, where is the number of
months after the whale was born and is the length, in , of the whale?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: cee5b352 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the length of the whale was 162 cm when it was born and that its length increased an
average of 4.8 cm per month for the first 12 months after it was born. Since 𝑥 represents the number of months after the
whale was born, the total increase in the whale's length, in cm, is 4.8 times 𝑥, or 4.8𝑥. The length of the whale 𝑦, in cm, can be
found by adding the whale's length at birth, 162 cm, to the total increase in length, 4.8𝑥 cm. Therefore, the equation that
best represents this situation is 𝑦 = 4.8𝑥 + 162.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 1e11190a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 1e11190a

Store A sells raspberries for per pint and blackberries for per pint. Store B sells raspberries for per pint
and blackberries for per pint. A certain purchase of raspberries and blackberries would cost at Store A or
at Store B. How many pints of blackberries are in this purchase?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1e11190a Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that store A sells raspberries for $ 5 . 50 per pint and blackberries for $ 3 . 00 per pint, and a
certain purchase of raspberries and blackberries at store A would cost $ 37 . 00. It’s also given that store B sells raspberries
for $ 6 . 50 per pint and blackberries for $ 8 . 00 per pint, and this purchase of raspberries and blackberries at store B would
cost $ 66 . 00. Let 𝑟 represent the number of pints of raspberries and 𝑏 represent the number of pints of blackberries in this
purchase. The equation 5 . 50𝑟 + 3 . 00𝑏 = 37 . 00 represents this purchase of raspberries and blackberries from store A and
the equation 6 . 50𝑟 + 8 . 00𝑏 = 66 . 00 represents this purchase of raspberries and blackberries from store B. Solving the
system of equations by elimination gives the value of 𝑟 and the value of 𝑏 that make the system of equations true.
Multiplying both sides of the equation for store A by 6.5 yields 5 . 50𝑟6 . 5 + 3 . 00𝑏6 . 5 = 37 . 006 . 5, or
35 . 75𝑟 + 19 . 5𝑏 = 240 . 5. Multiplying both sides of the equation for store B by 5.5 yields 6 . 50𝑟5 . 5 + 8 . 00𝑏5 . 5 = 66 . 005 . 5,
or 35 . 75𝑟 + 44𝑏 = 363. Subtracting both sides of the equation for store A, 35 . 75𝑟 + 19 . 5𝑏 = 240 . 5, from the corresponding
sides of the equation for store B, 35 . 75𝑟 + 44𝑏 = 363, yields 35 . 75𝑟 - 35 . 75𝑟 + 44𝑏 - 19 . 5𝑏 = 363 - 240 . 5, or
24 . 5𝑏 = 122 . 5. Dividing both sides of this equationby 24.5 yields 𝑏 = 5. Thus, 5 pints of blackberries are in
this purchase.

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors. Choice D is incorrect. This is the number
of pints of raspberries, not blackberries, in the purchase.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 78391fcc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 78391fcc

f(x) 21 18 15 12

The table above shows some values of x and their corresponding values for
the linear function f. What is the x-intercept of the graph of in the xy-
plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 78391fcc Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The equation of a linear function can be written in the form , where , m is the slope
of the graph of , and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph. The value of m can be found using the

slope formula, . According to the table, the points and lie on the graph of .

Using these two points in the slope formula yields , or . Substituting for m in the slope-intercept form
of the equation yields . The value of b can be found by substituting values from the table and solving; for
example, substituting the coordinates of the point into the equation gives ,
which yields . This means the function given by the table can be represented by the equation . The
value of the x-intercept of the graph of can be determined by finding the value of x when . Substituting
into yields , or . This corresponds to the point .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from substituting the value of the slope for the x-coordinate of the x-intercept. Choice C
is incorrect and may result from a calculation error. Choice D is incorrect and may result from substituting the y-coordinate
of the y-intercept for the x-coordinate of the x-intercept.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 963da34c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 963da34c

A shipping service restricts the dimensions of the boxes it will ship for a certain
type of service. The restriction states that for boxes shaped like rectangular
prisms, the sum of the perimeter of the base of the box and the height of the box
cannot exceed 130 inches. The perimeter of the base is determined using the
width and length of the box. If a box has a height of 60 inches and its length is
2.5 times the width, which inequality shows the allowable width x, in inches, of the
box?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 963da34c Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. If x is the width, in inches, of the box, then the length of the box is 2.5x inches. It follows that the
perimeter of the base is , or 7x inches. The height of the box is given to be 60 inches. According to the
restriction, the sum of the perimeter of the base and the height of the box should not exceed 130 inches. Algebraically, this
can be represented by , or . Dividing both sides of the inequality by 7 gives . Since x represents
the width of the box, x must also be a positive number. Therefore, the inequality represents all the allowable
values of x that satisfy the given conditions.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from calculation errors or misreading the given information.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID b2de69bd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: b2de69bd

x y

1 5

2 7

3 9

4 11

The table above shows some pairs of x values and y values. Which of the following
equations could represent the relationship between x and y ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b2de69bd Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Each of the choices is a linear equation in the form y = mx + b, where m and b are constants. In this
equation, m represents the change in y for each increase in x by 1. From the table, it can be determined that the value of y
increases by 2 for each increase in x by 1. In other words, for the pairs of x and y in the given table, m = 2. The value of b can
be found by substituting the values of x and y from any row of the table and substituting the value of m into the equation y =
mx + b and then solving for b. For example, using x = 1, y = 5, and m = 2 yields 5 = 2(1) + b. Solving for b yields b = 3.
Therefore, the equation y = 2x + 3 could represent the relationship between x and y in the given table.

Alternatively, if an equation represents the relationship between x and y, then when each pair of x and y from the table is
substituted into the equation, the result will be a true statement. Of the equations given, the equation y = 2x + 3 in choice A is
the only equation that results in a true statement when each of the pairs of x and y are substituted into the equation.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because when at least one pair of x and y from the table is substituted into the equations
given in these choices, the result is a false statement. For example, when the pair x = 4 and y = 11 is substituted into the
equation in choice B, the result is 11 = 3(4) – 2, or 11 = 10, which is false.
Question Difficulty: Easy
Question ID 28c2253f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 28c2253f

Characteristics for Rock Types

Weight per volume Cost per
Rock type 3
(lb/ft ) pound

Basalt 180 $0.18

Granite 165 $0.09

Limestone 120 $0.03

Sandstone 135 $0.22

A city is planning to build a rock retaining wall, a monument, and a garden in a

park. The table above shows four rock types that will be considered for use in the
project. Also shown for each rock type is its weight per volume, in pounds per
cubic foot (lb/ft3), and the cost per pound, in dollars. Only basalt, granite, and
limestone will be used in the garden. The rocks in the garden will have a total
weight of 1,000 pounds. If 330 pounds of granite is used, which of the following
equations could show the relationship between the amounts, x and y, in ft3, for
each of the other rock types used?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 28c2253f Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the weight of the granite used in the garden is 330 pounds. The weight of the limestone
used in the garden is a product of its weight per volume, in lb/ft3, and its volume, in ft3. Therefore, the weight of the
limestone used in the garden can be represented by , where x is the volume, in ft3, of the limestone used. Similarly, the
weight of the basalt used in the garden can be represented by , where y is the volume, in ft3, of the basalt used. It’s
given that the total weight of the rocks used in the garden will be 1,000 pounds. Thus, the sum of the weights of the three
rock types used is 1,000 pounds, which can be represented by the equation . Subtracting 330
from both sides of this equation yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This equation uses the weight per volume of granite instead of limestone. Choice B is incorrect. This
equation uses the weight per volume of granite instead of basalt, and doesn’t take into account the 330 pounds of granite
that will be used in the garden. Choice D is incorrect. This equation doesn’t take into account the 330 pounds of granite that
will be used in the garden.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID cd33b015
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: cd33b015

If is the solution to the given system of

equations, what is the value of y ?

A. 10

B. 15

C. 60

D. 65

ID: cd33b015 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Substituting 20 for in the second equation in the system yields , or .
Subtracting 40 from both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by 3 yields .

Choice A is incorrect. If , then since . However, substituting 10 for both x and y in the second
equation yields , which is a false statement. Choice C is incorrect. If , then since .
However, substituting these values for x and y in the second equation yields , which is a false statement. Choice D
is incorrect. If , then since . However, substituting these values for x and y in the second
equation yields , which is a false statement.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 042aa429
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 042aa429

If and , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 042aa429 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The value of 𝑓 ( 2 ) can be found by substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 + 7, which yields
𝑓2 = 2 + 7, or 𝑓2 = 9. The value of 𝑔2 can be found by substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation 𝑔𝑥 = 7𝑥, which yields
𝑔2 = 72, or 𝑔2 = 14. The value of the expression 4𝑓2 - 𝑔2 can be found by substituting the corresponding values into the
expression, which gives 4 ( 9 ) − 14. This expression is equivalent to 36 - 14, or 22.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓2 - 𝑔2, not 4𝑓2 - 𝑔2.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from calculating 4𝑓2 as 4 ( 2 ) + 7, rather than
4(2 + 7).

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e2e3942f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: e2e3942f

In the system of equations above, a is a constant. If the system of equations

has no solution, what is the value of a ?

A.

B. 0

C. 1

D. 2

ID: e2e3942f Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A system of two linear equations has no solution when the graphs of the equations have the same slope
and different y-coordinates of the y-intercepts. Each of the given equations is written in the slope-intercept form of a linear
equation, , where m is the slope and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of the equation. For
these two linear equations, the y-coordinates of the y-intercepts are different: and . Thus, if the system of equations
has no solution, the slopes of the two linear equations must be the same. The slope of the first linear equation is 2.
Therefore, for the system of equations to have no solution, the value of a must be 2.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may result from conceptual and computational errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID f03465dc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: f03465dc

For each real number , which of the following points lies on the graph of each equation in the xy-plane for the given system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f03465dc Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Dividing both sides of the second equation in the given system by 3 yields 8𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 9, which is the first
equation in the given system. Therefore, the first and second equations represent the same line in the xy-plane. If the x- and
y-coordinates of a point satisfy an equation, the point lies on the graph of the equation in the xy-plane. Choice A is a point
8𝑟 9 8𝑟 9
with x-coordinate 𝑟 and y-coordinate - + . Substituting 𝑟 for 𝑥 and - + for 𝑦 in the equation 8𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 9 yields
7 7 7 7
8 9
8𝑟 + 7- 𝑟 + = 9. Applying the distributive property to the left-hand side of this equation yields 8𝑟 - 8𝑟 + 9 = 9. Combining
7 7
8 9
like terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields 9 = 9, so the coordinates of the point 𝑟, - 𝑟 + satisfy both equations
7 7
8 9
in the given system. Therefore, for each real number 𝑟, the point 𝑟, - 7 𝑟 + 7 lies on the graph of each equation in the xy-plane
for the given system.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID a35c7164
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: a35c7164

In the given pair of equations, and are constants. The graph of this pair of equations in the xy-plane is a pair of
perpendicular lines. Which of the following pairs of equations also represents a pair of perpendicular lines?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a35c7164 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Two lines are perpendicular if their slopes are negative reciprocals, meaning that the slope of the first
line is equal to -1 divided by the slope of the second line. Each equation in the given pair of equations can be written in slope-
intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the graph of the equation in the xy-plane and 0, 𝑏 is the y-intercept. For
the first equation, 5𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 1, subtracting 5𝑥 from both sides gives 7𝑦 = - 5𝑥 + 1, and dividing both sides of this equation
5 1 5
by 7 gives 𝑦 = - 7 𝑥 + 7 . Therefore, the slope of the graph of this equation is - 7 . For the second equation, 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 1,
𝑎 1
subtracting 𝑎𝑥 from both sides gives 𝑏𝑦 = -𝑎𝑥 + 1, and dividing both sides of this equation by 𝑏 gives 𝑦 = - 𝑏 𝑥 + 𝑏 .
𝑎
Therefore, the slope of the graph of this equation is - . Since the graph of the given pair of equations is a pair of
𝑏
𝑎
perpendicular lines, the slope of the graph of the second equation, - , must be the negative reciprocal of the slope of the
𝑏
5 5 -1 7 𝑎 7 𝑎 7
graph of the first equation, - . The negative reciprocal of - is 5 , or 5 . Therefore, - 𝑏 = 5 , or 𝑏 = - 5 . Similarly, rewriting the
7 7 -
7
10 1 𝑎 1
equations in choice B in slope-intercept form yields 𝑦 = - 7 𝑥 + 7 and 𝑦 = - 2𝑏 𝑥 + 2𝑏 . It follows that the slope of the graph of
10 𝑎 𝑎 7 𝑎
the first equation in choice B is - 7 and the slope of the graph of the second equation in choice B is - 2𝑏 . Since 𝑏 = - 5 , - 2𝑏 is
1 7 7 7 10
equal to - 2 - 5 , or 10 . Since 10 is the negative reciprocal of - 7 , the pair of equations in choice B represents a pair of
perpendicular lines.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID f81a0503
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: f81a0503

In the xy-plane, line passes through the points and . Which equation defines line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f81a0503 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. An equation defining a line in the xy-plane can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 represents the
slope and 0, 𝑏 represents the y-intercept of the line. It’s given that line 𝑘 passes through the point 0, - 5; therefore, 𝑏 = - 5.
𝑦 -𝑦
The slope, 𝑚, of a line can be found using any two points on the line, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , and the slope formula 𝑚 = 2 1 .
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
-1 - -5
Substituting the points 0, - 5 and 1, - 1 for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = 1-0
, or 𝑚 = 4.
Substituting 4 for 𝑚 and -5 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 4𝑥 - 5.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 0366d965
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 0366d965

x y

3 7

k 11

12 n

The table above shows the coordinates of three points on a line in the xy-plane,
where k and n are constants. If the slope of the line is 2, what is the value of
?

ID: 0366d965 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 30. The slope of a line can be found by using the slope formula, . It’s given that the slope of

the line is 2; therefore, . According to the table, the points and lie on the line. Substituting the

coordinates of these points into the equation gives . Multiplying both sides of this equation by gives

, or . Solving for k gives . According to the table, the points and also lie

on the line. Substituting the coordinates of these points into gives . Solving for n gives .
Therefore, , or 30.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 13909d78
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 13909d78

The function is defined by the equation . What is the value of when ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 13909d78 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Substituting 9 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 𝑓9 = 1009 + 2, or 𝑓9 = 902. Therefore, the value of 𝑓𝑥
when 𝑥 = 9 is 902.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓𝑥 when 𝑥 = 1.09.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓𝑥 when 𝑥 = 1.16.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑓𝑥 when 𝑥 = 8.98.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 10c448d6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 10c448d6

A line in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point . Which equation represents this line?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 10c448d6 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The equation of a line in the xy-plane can be written as 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 represents the slope of the
1 1
line and 0, 𝑏 represents the y-intercept of the line. It's given that the slope of the line is 9 . It follows that 𝑚 = 9 . It's also given
1
that the line passes through the point 0, 14. It follows that 𝑏 = 14. Substituting 9
for 𝑚 and 14 for 𝑏 in 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
1 1
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 14. Thus, the equation 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 14 represents this line.
9 9

1
Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a line with a slope of - 9 and a y-intercept of 0, - 14.

1
Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents a line with a slope of - 9 and a y-intercept of 0, 14.

1
Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a line with a slope of 9
and a y-intercept of 0, - 14.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 7038b587
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 7038b587

Vivian bought party hats and cupcakes for . Each package of party hats cost , and each cupcake cost . If Vivian
bought packages of party hats, how many cupcakes did she buy?

ID: 7038b587 Answer

Correct Answer: 41

Rationale

The correct answer is 41. The number of cupcakes Vivian bought can be found by first finding the amount Vivian spent on
cupcakes. The amount Vivian spent on cupcakes can be found by subtracting the amount Vivian spent on party hats from
the total amount Vivian spent. The amount Vivian spent on party hats can be found by multiplying the cost per package of
party hats by the number of packages of party hats, which yields $ 3 · 10, or $ 30. Subtracting the amount Vivian spent on
party hats, $ 30, from the total amount Vivian spent, $ 71, yields $ 71 - $ 30, or $ 41. Since the amount Vivian spent on
cupcakes was $ 41 and each cupcake cost $ 1, it follows that Vivian bought 41 cupcakes.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 4acd05cd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 4acd05cd

The graph shows the linear relationship between and . Which table gives three values of and their corresponding values
of for this relationship?

A.

B.

C.
 D.

ID: 4acd05cd Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the graph shows the linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦. The given graph passes through
the points 0, - 5, 1, - 3, and 2, - 1. It follows that when 𝑥 = 0, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is -5, when 𝑥 = 1, the
corresponding value of 𝑦 is -3, and when 𝑥 = 2, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is -1. Of the given choices, only the table in
choice D gives these three values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 for the relationship shown in the graph.

Choice A is incorrect. This table represents a relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 such that the graph passes through the points 0, 0
, 1, - 7, and 2, - 9.

Choice B is incorrect. This table represents a relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 such that the graph passes through the points 0, 0
, 1, - 3, and 2, - 1.

Choice C is incorrect. This table represents a linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 such that the graph passes through the
points 0, - 5, 1, - 7, and 2, - 9.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 265f2a53
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 265f2a53

When line is graphed in the xy-plane, it has an x-intercept of and a y-intercept of . What is the slope of line
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 265f2a53 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

86
Choice C is correct. It's given that when line 𝑛 is graphed in the xy-plane, it has an x-intercept of -4, 0 and a y-intercept of 0, 3
.
𝑦2 - 𝑦1
The slope, 𝑚, of a line can be found using any two points on the line, 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , and the slope formula 𝑚 = .
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
86
86 -0 43
Substituting the points -4, 0 and 0, for 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = 3 , or 𝑚 = .
3 0 - -4 6
43
Therefore, the slope of line 𝑛 is .
6

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

86
Choice B is incorrect. This is the slope of a line that has an x-intercept of 3
,0 and a y-intercept of 0, - 4.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID ee031767
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ee031767

A dance teacher ordered outfits for students for a dance recital. Outfits for boys
cost $26, and outfits for girls cost $35. The dance teacher ordered a total of 28
outfits and spent $881. If b represents the number of outfits the dance teacher
ordered for boys and g represents the number of outfits the dance teacher ordered
for girls, which of the following systems of equations can be solved to find b and g
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ee031767 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Outfits for boys cost $26 each and the teacher ordered b outfits for boys, so the teacher spent 26b
dollars on outfits for boys. Similarly, outfits for girls cost $35 each and the teacher ordered g outfits for girls, so the teacher
spent 35g dollars on outfits for girls. Since the teacher spent a total of $881 on outfits for boys and girls, the equation 26b +
35g = 881 must be true. And since the teacher ordered a total of 28 outfits, the equation b + g = 28 must also be true.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from switching the constraint on the total number of outfits with the constraint on the
cost of the outfits. Choice C is incorrect and may result from switching the constraint on the total number of outfits with the
constraint on the cost of the outfits, as well as switching the cost of the outfits for boys with the cost of the outfits for girls.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from switching the cost of the outfits for boys with the cost of the outfits for girls.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0cadb20e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0cadb20e

The function is defined by , and , where is a constant. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0cadb20e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

𝑥 + 15
Choice C is correct. It's given that 𝑓𝑥 = 5
and 𝑓𝑎 = 10, where 𝑎 is a constant. Therefore, for the given function 𝑓, when
𝑎 + 15
𝑥 = 𝑎, 𝑓𝑥 = 10. Substituting 𝑎 for 𝑥 and 10 for 𝑓𝑥 in the given function 𝑓 yields 10 = 5
. Multiplying both sides of this
equation by 5 yields 50 = 𝑎 + 15. Subtracting 15 from both sides of this equation yields 35 = 𝑎. Therefore, the value of 𝑎 is
35.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 if 𝑓𝑎 = 4.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 if 𝑓𝑎 = 5.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑎 if 𝑓𝑎 = 16.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 466b87e3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 466b87e3

In the system of equations above, c is a constant. If the system has

no solution, what is the value of c ?

ID: 466b87e3 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is . A system of two linear equations has no solution when the graphs of the equations have the
same slope and different y-intercepts. Each of the given linear equations is written in the slope-intercept form, ,
where m is the slope and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of the equation. For these two linear equations,
the y-intercepts are and . Thus, if the system of equations has no solution, the slopes of the graphs of the two

linear equations must be the same. The slope of the graph of the first linear equation is . Therefore, for the system of

equations to have no solution, the value of c must be . Note that 1/2 and .5 are examples of ways to enter a correct
answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ce6b52d8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: ce6b52d8

If , what is the value of ?

ID: ce6b52d8 Answer

Correct Answer: 60

Rationale

The correct answer is 60. Subtracting 𝑡 from both sides of the given equation yields 2 ( 3𝑡 - 10 ) = 40 + 3𝑡. Applying the
distributive property to the left-hand side of this equation yields 6𝑡 - 20 = 40 + 3𝑡. Adding 20 to both sides of this equation
yields 6𝑡 = 60 + 3𝑡. Subtracting 3𝑡 from both sides of this equation yields 3𝑡 = 60. Therefore, the value of 3𝑡 is 60.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID aee9fd2d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: aee9fd2d

If , the value of is between which of the following pairs of values?

A. and

B. and

C. and

D. and

ID: aee9fd2d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

𝑥+6 𝑥+6
Choice B is correct. Multiplying both sides of the given equation by 313, or 39, yields 39 3
= 39
13
, or 13𝑥 + 6 = 3𝑥 + 6.
Subtracting 3𝑥 + 6 from both sides of this equation yields 10𝑥 + 6 = 0. Dividing both sides of this equation by 10 yields
𝑥+6 𝑥+6
𝑥 + 6 = 0. Therefore, if = , then the value of 𝑥 + 6 is 0. It follows that of the given choices, the value of 𝑥 + 6 is
3 13
between -2 and 2.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 84d0d07e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 84d0d07e

A clothing store is having a sale on shirts and pants. During the sale, the cost of
each shirt is $15 and the cost of each pair of pants is $25. Geoff can spend at
most $120 at the store. If Geoff buys s shirts and p pairs of pants, which of the
following must be true?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 84d0d07e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Since the cost of each shirt is $15 and Geoff buys s shirts, the expression represents the amount
Geoff spends on shirts. Since the cost of each pair of pants is $25 and Geoff buys p pairs of pants, the expression
represents the amount Geoff spends on pants. Therefore, the sum represents the total amount Geoff spends at
the store. Since Geoff can spend at most $120 at the store, the total amount he spends must be less than or equal to 120.
Thus, .

Choice B is incorrect. This represents the situation in which Geoff spends at least, rather than at most, $120 at the store.
Choice C is incorrect and may result from reversing the cost of a shirt and that of a pair of paints. Choice D is incorrect and
may result from both reversing the cost of a shirt and that of a pair of pants and from representing a situation in which Geoff
spends at least, rather than at most, $120 at the store.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 7a987ae4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 7a987ae4

If , what is the
value of ?

A. 24

B. 49

C. 50

D. 99

ID: 7a987ae4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Multiplying both sides of the given equation by 5 yields . Substituting 50 for in the
expression yields .

Alternate approach: Dividing both sides of by 2 yields . Evaluating the expression for yields
.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from finding the value of instead of . Choice C is incorrect and may result
from finding the value of instead of . Choice D is incorrect and may result from finding the value of instead
of .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 7e1bff94
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 7e1bff94

The table gives the number of hours, , of labor and a plumber’s total charge , in dollars, for two different jobs.

There is a linear relationship between and . Which equation represents this relationship?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7e1bff94 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that there is a linear relationship between a plumber's hours of labor, ℎ, and the plumber's total
charge 𝑓ℎ, in dollars. It follows that the relationship can be represented by an equation of the form 𝑓ℎ = 𝑚ℎ + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is
the rate of change of the function 𝑓 and 𝑏 is a constant. The rate of change of 𝑓 can be calculated by dividing the difference
in two values of 𝑓ℎ by the difference in the corresponding values of ℎ. Based on the values given in the table, the rate of
285 - 155
change of 𝑓 is 3-1
, or 65. Substituting 65 for 𝑚 in the equation 𝑓ℎ = 𝑚ℎ + 𝑏 yields 𝑓ℎ = 65ℎ + 𝑏. The value of 𝑏 can be
found by substituting any value of ℎ and its corresponding value of 𝑓ℎ for ℎ and 𝑓ℎ, respectively, in this equation. Substituting
1 for ℎ and 155 for 𝑓ℎ yields 155 = 651 + 𝑏, or 155 = 65 + 𝑏. Subtracting 65 from both sides of this equation yields 90 = 𝑏.
Substituting 90 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓ℎ = 65ℎ + 𝑏 yields 𝑓 ( ℎ ) = 65ℎ + 90.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9f6f96ff
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 9f6f96ff

A wire with a length of inches is cut into two parts. One part has a length of inches, and the other part has a length of
inches. The value of is more than times the value of . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9f6f96ff Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that a wire with a length of 106 inches is cut into two parts. It's also given that one part has a
length of 𝑥 inches and the other part has a length of 𝑦 inches. This can be represented by the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 106. It's also
given that the value of 𝑥 is 6 more than 4 times the value of 𝑦. This can be represented by the equation 𝑥 = 4𝑦 + 6.
Substituting 4𝑦 + 6 for 𝑥 in the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 106 yields 4𝑦 + 6 + 𝑦 = 106, or 5𝑦 + 6 = 106. Subtracting 6 from each side
of this equation yields 5𝑦 = 100. Dividing each side of this equation by 5 yields 𝑦 = 20. Substituting 20 for 𝑦 in the equation
𝑥 = 4𝑦 + 6 yields 𝑥 = 4 ( 20 ) + 6, or 𝑥 = 86.

Choice A is incorrect. This value represents less than half of the total length of 106 inches; however, 𝑥 represents the length
of the longer part of the wire, since it's given that the value of 𝑥 is 6 more than 4 times the value of 𝑦.

Choice B is incorrect. This value represents less than half of the total length of 106 inches; however, 𝑥 represents the length
of the longer part of the wire, since it's given that the value of 𝑥 is 6 more than 4 times the value of 𝑦.

Choice C is incorrect. This represents a part that is 6 more than the length of the other part, rather than 6 more than 4 times
the length of the other part.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f718c9cf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: f718c9cf

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: f718c9cf Answer

Correct Answer: 1.8, 9/5

Rationale

9
The correct answer is 5 . Multiplying the first equation in the given system by 2 yields 10𝑥 + 28𝑦 = 90. Subtracting the second
equation in the given system, 10𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 27, from 10𝑥 + 28𝑦 = 90 yields 10𝑥 + 28𝑦 - 10𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 90 - 27, which is equivalent
to 10𝑥 + 28𝑦 - 10𝑥 - 7𝑦 = 63, or 21𝑦 = 63. Dividing both sides of this equation by 21 yields 𝑦 = 3. The value of 𝑥 can be found
by substituting 3 for 𝑦 in either of the two given equations. Substituting 3 for 𝑦 in the equation 10𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 27 yields
10𝑥 + 73 = 27, or 10𝑥 + 21 = 27. Subtracting 21 from both sides of this equation yields 10𝑥 = 6. Dividing both sides of this
6 3 3 9
equation by 10 yields 𝑥 = 10
, or 𝑥 = 5 . Therefore, the value of 𝑥𝑦 is 5 3, or 5 . Note that 9/5 and 1.8 are examples of ways to
enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 48fb34c8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 48fb34c8

For which of the following tables are all the values of and their corresponding values of solutions to the given inequality?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 48fb34c8 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. All the tables in the choices have the same three values of 𝑥, so each of the three values of 𝑥 can be
substituted in the given inequality to compare the corresponding values of 𝑦 in each of the tables. Substituting 3 for 𝑥 in the
given inequality yields 𝑦 > 133 - 18, or 𝑦 > 21. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is greater than 21.
Substituting 5 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 𝑦 > 135 - 18, or 𝑦 > 47. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦
is greater than 47. Substituting 8 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 𝑦 > 138 - 18, or 𝑦 > 86. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 8, the
corresponding value of 𝑦 is greater than 86. For the table in choice D, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 26, which is
greater than 21; when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 52, which is greater than 47; when 𝑥 = 8, the corresponding
value of 𝑦 is 91, which is greater than 86. Therefore, the table in choice D gives values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of
𝑦 that are all solutions to the given inequality.

Choice A is incorrect. In the table for choice A, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 21, which is not greater than 21;
when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 47, which is not greater than 47; when 𝑥 = 8, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 86,
which is not greater than 86.

Choice B is incorrect. In the table for choice B, when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 42, which is not greater than 47;
when 𝑥 = 8, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 86, which is not greater than 86.

Choice C is incorrect. In the table for choice C, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 16, which is not greater than 21;
when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 42, which is not greater than 47; when 𝑥 = 8, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 81,
which is not greater than 86.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 915463e0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 915463e0

Normal body temperature for an adult is between and , inclusive. If

Kevin, an adult male, has a body temperature that is considered to be normal,
which of the following could be his body temperature?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 915463e0 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Normal body temperature must be greater than or equal to 97.8°F but less than or equal to 99°F. Of the
given choices, 97.9°F is the only temperature that fits these restrictions.

Choices A and B are incorrect. These temperatures are less than 97.8°F, so they don’t fit the given restrictions. Choice D is
incorrect. This temperature is greater than 99°F, so it doesn’t fit the given restrictions.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID cc3e9528
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: cc3e9528

The graph of is translated down units in the xy-plane. What is the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the
resulting graph?

ID: cc3e9528 Answer

Correct Answer: 59/9, 6.555, 6.556

Rationale

59
The correct answer is 9
. When the graph of an equation in the form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶, where 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are constants, is
translated down 𝑘 units in the xy-plane, the resulting graph can be represented by the equation 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝑘 = 𝐶. It’s given
that the graph of 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 = 19 is translated down 4 units in the xy-plane. Therefore, the resulting graph can be represented
by the equation 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 + 4 = 19, or 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 - 40 = 19. Adding 40 to both sides of this equation yields 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 = 59. The x-
coordinate of the x-intercept of the graph of an equation in the xy-plane is the value of 𝑥 in the equation when 𝑦 = 0.
Substituting 0 for 𝑦 in the equation 9𝑥 - 10𝑦 = 59 yields 9𝑥 - 100 = 59, or 9𝑥 = 59. Dividing both sides of this equation by 9
59 59
yields 𝑥 = . Therefore, the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the resulting graph is . Note that 59/9, 6.555, and 6.556 are
9 9
examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 520e6f5b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 520e6f5b

Characteristics for Rock Types

Weight per volume Cost per
Rock type
(lb/ft3) pound

Basalt 180 $0.18

Granite 165 $0.09

Limestone 120 $0.03

Sandstone 135 $0.22

A city is planning to build a rock retaining wall, a monument, and a garden in a

park. The table above shows four rock types that will be considered for use in the
project. Also shown for each rock type is its weight per volume, in pounds per
cubic foot (lb/ft3), and the cost per pound, in dollars. The equation
gives the total cost, in dollars,
of the rocks used in the project in terms of the number of ft3 of limestone, w, and
the number of ft3 of basalt, z. All four rock types are used in the project. Which of
the following is the best interpretation of 3,385.80 in this context?

A. The cost of the granite and sandstone needed for the project

B. The cost of the basalt and limestone needed for the project

C. The cost of the basalt needed for the project

D. The cost of the sandstone needed for the project

ID: 520e6f5b Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The table shows the cost of limestone is $0.03/lb, and the weight per volume for limestone is 120 lb/ft3.
Therefore, the term represents the cost, in dollars, of w ft3 of limestone. Similarly, the term
represents the cost, in dollars, of z ft3 of basalt. The given equation shows that the total cost of all the rocks used in the
project is $7,576.20. Since it’s given that all four rock types are used in the project, the remaining term, 3,385.80, represents
the cost, in dollars, of the granite and sandstone needed for the project.
Choice B is incorrect. The cost of basalt and limestone needed for the project can be represented by
. Choice C is incorrect. The cost of the basalt needed for the project can be represented by the
expression . Choice D is incorrect and may result from neglecting to include granite in the rock types used for
the project.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 153ee763
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 153ee763

In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has no solution. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 153ee763 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. A linear equation in one variable has no solution if and only if the equation is false; that is, when there is
no value of 𝑥 that produces a true statement. It's given that in the equation -3𝑥 + 21𝑝𝑥 = 84, 𝑝 is a constant and the equation
has no solution for 𝑥. Therefore, the value of the constant 𝑝 is one that results in a false equation. Factoring out the common
factor of -3𝑥 on the left-hand side of the given equation yields -3𝑥1 - 7𝑝 = 84. Dividing both sides of this equation by -3 yields
-28
𝑥1 - 7𝑝 = - 28. Dividing both sides of this equation by 1 - 7𝑝 yields 𝑥 = . This equation is false if and only if 1 - 7𝑝 = 0.
1 - 7𝑝
1
Adding 7𝑝 to both sides of 1 - 7𝑝 = 0 yields 1 = 7𝑝. Dividing both sides of this equation by 7 yields 7
= 𝑝. It follows that the
-28 1 1
equation 𝑥 = is false if and only if 𝑝 = . Therefore, the given equation has no solution if and only if the value of 𝑝 is .
1 - 7𝑝 7 7

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 89541f9b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 89541f9b

Which of the following ordered pairs satisfies

the inequality ?

1.
2.

3.

A. I only

B. II only

C. I and II only

D. I and III only

ID: 89541f9b Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Substituting into the inequality gives , or , which is a true statement.
Substituting into the inequality gives , or , which is a true statement. Substituting into the
inequality gives , or , which is not a true statement. Therefore, and are the only ordered pairs
shown that satisfy the given inequality.

Choice A is incorrect because the ordered pair also satisfies the inequality. Choice B is incorrect because the ordered
pair also satisfies the inequality. Choice D is incorrect because the ordered pair does not satisfy the inequality.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 2875ba81
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 2875ba81

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of y?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2875ba81 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The given system of linear equations can be solved by the elimination method. Multiplying each side of
the second equation in the given system by 3 yields 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 ( 3 ) = 103, or 6𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 30. Subtracting this equation from the
first equation in the given system yields 6𝑥 + 7𝑦 - 6𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 28 - 30, which is equivalent to 6𝑥 - 6𝑥 + 7𝑦 - 6𝑦 = 28 - 30, or
𝑦 = - 2.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not the value of 𝑦.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 255996a6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 255996a6

In the equation above, T represents Brittany’s total take-home pay, in dollars, for her
first week of work, where h represents the number of hours she worked that week
and 1,000 represents a sign-on bonus. If Brittany’s total take-home pay was $1,576,
for how many hours was Brittany paid for her first week of work?

A. 16

B. 32

C. 55

D. 88

ID: 255996a6 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since Brittany’s total take-home pay was $1,576, the value 1,576 can be substituted for T in the given
equation to give . Subtracting 1,000 from both sides of this equation gives
. Dividing both sides of this equation by 18 gives . Therefore, Brittany was paid for 32 hours for her first
week of work.

Choice A is incorrect. This is half the number of hours Brittany was paid for. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
dividing 1,000 by 18. Choice D is incorrect and may result from dividing 1,576 by 18.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a1696f3e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a1696f3e

The function is defined as , where a is a constant. If

, what is the value of a ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a1696f3e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Substituting 4 for x in g(x) = 5x + a gives g(4) = 5(4) + a. Since g(4) = 31, the equation g(4) = 5(4) + a
simplifies to 31 = 20 + a. It follows that a = 11.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect and may result from arithmetic errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID c01f4a95
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c01f4a95

For the linear function , is a constant and . What is the value of ?

ID: c01f4a95 Answer

Correct Answer: 39

Rationale

The correct answer is 39. It’s given that for the linear function 𝑗, 𝑚 is a constant and 𝑗12 = 18. Substituting 12 for 𝑥 and 18
for 𝑗𝑥 in the given equation yields 18 = 𝑚12 + 144. Subtracting 144 from both sides of this equation yields -126 = 𝑚12.
Dividing both sides of this equation by 12 yields -10.5 = 𝑚. Substituting -10.5 for 𝑚 in the given equation, 𝑗𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 144,
yields 𝑗𝑥 = - 10.5𝑥 + 144. Substituting 10 for 𝑥 in this equation yields 𝑗10 = -10.510 + 144, or 𝑗10 = 39. Therefore, the value
of 𝑗10 is 39.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID dfa45424
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: dfa45424

Tony spends $80 per month on public transportation. A 10-ride pass costs $12.50,
and a single-ride pass costs $1.50. If g represents the number of 10-ride passes
Tony buys in a month and t represents the number of single-ride passes Tony buys
in a month, which of the following equations best represents the relationship
between g and t ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dfa45424 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since a 10-ride pass costs $12.50 and g is the number of 10-ride passes Tony buys in a month, the
expression represents the amount Tony spends on 10-ride passes in a month. Since a single-ride pass costs $1.50
and t is the number of single-ride passes Tony buys in a month, the expression represents the amount Tony spends on
single-ride passes in a month. Therefore, the sum represents the amount he spends on the two types of
passes in a month. Since Tony spends a total of $80 on passes in a month, this expression can be set equal to 80, producing
.

Choices A and B are incorrect. The expression represents the total number of the two types of passes Tony buys in a
month, not the amount Tony spends, which is equal to 80, nor the cost of one of each pass, which is equal to .
Choice C is incorrect and may result from reversing the cost for each type of pass Tony buys in a month.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 431c3038
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 431c3038

In an article about exercise, it is estimated that a 160-pound adult uses 200

calories for every 30 minutes of hiking and 150 calories for every 30 minutes of
bicycling. An adult who weighs 160 pounds has completed 1 hour of bicycling.
Based on the article, how many hours should the adult hike to use a total of
1,900 calories from bicycling and hiking?

A. 9.5

B. 8.75

C. 6

D. 4

ID: 431c3038 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since a 160-pound adult uses 200 calories for every 30 minutes of hiking, then the same adult uses
calories after hiking for h 30-minute periods. Similarly, the same adult uses calories after bicycling for b 30-
minute periods. Therefore, the equation represents the situation where a 160-pound adult uses a
total of 1,900 calories from hiking for h 30-minute periods and bicycling for b 30-minute periods. It’s given that the adult
completes 1 hour, or 2 30-minute periods, of bicycling. Substituting 2 for b in the equation yields
, or . Subtracting 300 from both sides of this equation yields .
Dividing both sides by 200 yields . Since h represents the number of 30-minute periods spent hiking and there are 2 30-

minute periods in every hour, it follows that the adult will need to hike for , or 4 hours to use a total of 1,900 calories from
bicycling and hiking.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from solving the equation . This represents 0 30-minute periods bicycling
instead of 2. Choice B is incorrect and may result from solving the equation . This represents 1 30-
minute period of bicycling instead of 2. Choice C is incorrect. This may result from determining that the number of 30-minute
periods the adult should hike is 8, but then subtracting 2 from 8, rather than dividing 8 by 2, to find the number of hours the
adult should hike.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 868fc236
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 868fc236

The table above gives the typical amounts of energy per gram, expressed in both
food calories and kilojoules, of the three macronutrients in food. If x food calories
is equivalent to k kilojoules, of the following, which best represents the relationship
between x and k ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 868fc236 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The relationship between x food calories and k kilojoules can be modeled as a proportional relationship.
Let and represent the values in the first two rows in the table: and . The rate of

change, or , is ; therefore, the equation that best represents the relationship between x and k is
.

Choice A is incorrect and may be the result of calculating the rate of change using . Choice C is incorrect because
the number of kilojoules is greater than the number of food calories. Choice D is incorrect and may be the result of an error
when setting up the equation.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e8f9e117
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: e8f9e117

The formula above is Ohm’s law for an electric circuit with current I, in amperes,
potential difference V, in volts, and resistance R, in ohms. A circuit has a resistance
of 500 ohms, and its potential difference will be generated by n six-volt batteries
that produce a total potential difference of volts. If the circuit is to have a
current of no more than 0.25 ampere, what is the greatest number, n, of six-volt
batteries that can be used?

ID: e8f9e117 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 20. For the given circuit, the resistance R is 500 ohms, and the total potential difference V generated
by n batteries is volts. It’s also given that the circuit is to have a current of no more than 0.25 ampere, which can be

expressed as . Since Ohm’s law says that , the given values for V and R can be substituted for I in this

inequality, which yields . Multiplying both sides of this inequality by 500 yields , and dividing both
sides of this inequality by 6 yields . Since the number of batteries must be a whole number less than 20.833, the
greatest number of batteries that can be used in this circuit is 20.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d8539e09
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: d8539e09

For which of the following tables are all the values of and their corresponding values of solutions to the given inequality?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d8539e09 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. All the tables in the choices have the same three values of 𝑥, so each of the three values of 𝑥 can be
substituted in the given inequality to compare the corresponding values of 𝑦 in each of the tables. Substituting 3 for 𝑥 in the
given inequality yields 𝑦 < 63 + 2, or 𝑦 < 20. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is less than 20. Substituting
5 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 𝑦 < 65 + 2, or 𝑦 < 32. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is less than 32
. Substituting 7 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 𝑦 < 67 + 2, or 𝑦 < 44. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 7, the corresponding value of 𝑦
is less than 44. For the table in choice C, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 16, which is less than 20; when 𝑥 = 5,
the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 28, which is less than 32; when 𝑥 = 7, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 40, which is less than
44. Therefore, the table in choice C gives values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 that are all solutions to the given
inequality.

Choice A is incorrect. In the table for choice A, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 20, which is not less than 20;
when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 32, which is not less than 32; when 𝑥 = 7, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 44,
which is not less than 44.

Choice B is incorrect. In the table for choice B, when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 36, which is not less than 32.

Choice D is incorrect. In the table for choice D, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 24, which is not less than 20;
when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 36, which is not less than 32; when 𝑥 = 7, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 48,
which is not less than 44.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ce314070
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: ce314070

If , what is the
value of ?

A. 2

B.

C.

D.

ID: ce314070 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Multiplying the given equation by 2 on each side yields . Applying the distributive

property, this equation can be rewritten as , or .

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may result from calculation errors in solving the given equation for and then
substituting that value of x in the expression .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d909cd31
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: d909cd31

One of the two equations in a system of linear equations is given. The system has infinitely many solutions. Which of the
following could be the second equation in the system?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d909cd31 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that the system has infinitely many solutions. A system of two linear equations has infinitely
many solutions when the two linear equations are equivalent. Dividing both sides of the given equation by 5 yields
-3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 13. Dividing both sides of choice C by 4 also yields -3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 13, so choice C is equivalent to the given equation.
Thus, choice C could be the second equation in the system.

Choice A is incorrect. The system consisting of this equation and the given equation has one solution, not infinitely many
solutions.

Choice B is incorrect. The system consisting of this equation and the given equation has one solution, not infinitely many
solutions.

Choice D is incorrect. The system consisting of this equation and the given equation has no solution, not infinitely many
solutions.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 98d3393a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 98d3393a

Line in the xy-plane is perpendicular to the line with equation

. What is the slope of line ?

A. 0

B.

C.

D. The slope of line is undefined.

ID: 98d3393a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It is given that line is perpendicular to a line whose equation is x = 2. A line whose equation is a
constant value of x is vertical, so must therefore be horizontal. Horizontal lines have a slope of 0, so has a slope of 0.

Choice B is incorrect. A line with slope is perpendicular to a line with slope 2. However, the line with equation x = 2 is
vertical and has undefined slope (not slope of 2). Choice C is incorrect. A line with slope –2 is perpendicular to a line with

slope . However, the line with equation x = 2 has undefined slope (not slope of ). Choice D is incorrect; this is the
slope of the line x = 2 itself, not the slope of a line perpendicular to it.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID f88970cc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: f88970cc

Which of the following points is the solution to the given system of equations in the xy-plane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f88970cc Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. A solution to a system of equations in the xy-plane is a point 𝑥, 𝑦 that lies on the graph of each equation
in the system. The first equation given is 𝑥 = 5. Substituting 5 for 𝑥 in the second given equation yields 𝑦 = 5 - 8, or 𝑦 = - 3. It
follows that in the xy-plane, the point 5, - 3 lies on the graph of each equation in the system. Therefore, the solution to the
given system of equations in the xy-plane is 5, - 3.

Choice A is incorrect. The point 0, 0 doesn't lie on the graph of either equation in the given system.

Choice C is incorrect. The point 5, - 8 doesn't lie on the graph of the second equation in the given system.

Choice D is incorrect. The point 5, 8 doesn't lie on the graph of the second equation in the given system.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 56dc8045
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 56dc8045

The function models the volume of liquid, in milliliters, in a container seconds after it begins draining from a hole at the
bottom. According to the model, what is the predicted volume, in milliliters, draining from the container each second?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 56dc8045 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the function 𝑤 models the volume of liquid, in milliliters, in a container 𝑡 seconds after it
begins draining from a hole at the bottom. The given function 𝑤𝑡 = 300 - 4𝑡 can be rewritten as 𝑤𝑡 = - 4𝑡 + 300. Thus, for
each increase of 𝑡 by 1, the value of 𝑤𝑡 decreases by 4 ( 1 ) , or 4. Therefore, the predicted volume, in milliliters, draining from
the container each second is 4 milliliters.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the amount of liquid, in milliliters, in the container before the liquid begins draining.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 4f669597
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 4f669597

What value of p is the solution of

the equation above?

ID: 4f669597 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 1.2. One way to solve the equation is to first distribute the terms outside the
parentheses to the terms inside the parentheses: . Next, combine like terms on the left side of the
equal sign: . Subtracting 10p from both sides yields . Finally, dividing both sides by gives

, which is equivalent to . Note that 1.2 and 6/5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3c4ce699
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 3c4ce699

If , what is the value of ?

ID: 3c4ce699 Answer

Correct Answer: 27

Rationale

The correct answer is 27. Multiplying both sides of the given equation by 3 yields 36 + 𝑥 = 39, or 18 + 3𝑥 = 27. Therefore,
the value of 18 + 3𝑥 is 27.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID f2bbd43d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: f2bbd43d

The point is a solution to the system of inequalities in the xy-plane. Which of the following could be the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f2bbd43d Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the point 𝑥, 53 is a solution to the given system of inequalities in the xy-plane. This means
that the coordinates of the point, when substituted for the variables 𝑥 and 𝑦, make both of the inequalities in the system true.
Substituting 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 𝑦 > 14 yields 53 > 14, which is true. Substituting 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 4𝑥 + 𝑦 < 18
yields 4𝑥 + 53 < 18. Subtracting 53 from both sides of this inequality yields 4𝑥 < - 35. Dividing both sides of this inequality
by 4 yields 𝑥 < - 8.75. Therefore, 𝑥 must be a value less than -8.75. Of the given choices, only -9 is less than -8.75.

Choice B is incorrect. Substituting -5 for 𝑥 and 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 4𝑥 + 𝑦 < 18 yields 4-5 + 53 < 18, or 33 < 18, which is
not true.

Choice C is incorrect. Substituting 5 for 𝑥 and 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 4𝑥 + 𝑦 < 18 yields 45 + 53 < 18, or 73 < 18, which is
not true.

Choice D is incorrect. Substituting 9 for 𝑥 and 53 for 𝑦 in the inequality 4𝑥 + 𝑦 < 18 yields 49 + 53 < 18, or 89 < 18, which is
not true.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID ffb371f5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ffb371f5

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ffb371f5 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Adding the second equation in the given system to the first equation in the given system yields
3𝑥 + ( - 3𝑥 + 𝑦 ) = 12 + -6, which is equivalent to 𝑦 = 6.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 6989c80a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 6989c80a

The function gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that corresponds to a temperature of kelvins. If a
temperature increased by kelvins, by how much did the temperature increase, in degrees Fahrenheit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6989c80a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

9
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function 𝐹𝑥 = 5 𝑥 - 273.15 + 32 gives the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that
corresponds to a temperature of 𝑥 kelvins. A temperature that increased by 2.10 kelvins means that the value of 𝑥 increased
9
by 2.10 kelvins. It follows that an increase in 𝑥 by 2.10 increases 𝐹 ( 𝑥 ) by 2.10, or 3.78. Therefore, if a temperature
5
increased by 2.10 kelvins, the temperature increased by 3.78 degrees Fahrenheit.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c4d49134
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c4d49134

The equation gives the speed , in miles per hour, of a certain car seconds after it began to accelerate. What is the speed,
in miles per hour, of the car seconds after it began to accelerate?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c4d49134 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. In the given equation, 𝑠 is the speed, in miles per hour, of a certain car 𝑡 seconds after it began to
accelerate. Therefore, the speed of the car, in miles per hour, 5 seconds after it began to accelerate can be found by
substituting 5 for 𝑡 in the given equation, which yields 𝑠 = 40 + 35, or 𝑠 = 55. Thus, the speed of the car 5 seconds after it
began to accelerate is 55 miles per hour.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0cb57740
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 0cb57740

Each side of a -sided polygon has one of three lengths. The number of sides with length is times
the number of sides with length . There are sides with length . Which equation must be true for the value of
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0cb57740 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that each side of a 30-sided polygon has one of three lengths. It's also given that the number of
sides with length 8 centimeters cm is 5 times the number of sides 𝑛 with length 3 cm. Therefore, there are 5 × 𝑛, or 5𝑛,
sides with length 8 cm. It’s also given that there are 6 sides with length 4 cm. Therefore, the number of 3 cm, 4 cm, and
8 cm sides are 𝑛, 6, and 5𝑛, respectively. Since there are a total of 30 sides, the equation 𝑛 + 6 + 5𝑛 = 30 represents this
situation. Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields 6𝑛 + 6 = 30. Therefore, the equation that must
be true for the value of 𝑛 is 6𝑛 + 6 = 30.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ece00725
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: ece00725

Connor has dollars and Maria has dollars. Connor has times as many dollars as Maria, and together they have a total
of . Which system of equations represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ece00725 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that Connor has 𝑐 dollars, Maria has 𝑚 dollars, and Connor has 4 times as many dollars as
Maria. This can be represented by the equation 𝑐 = 4𝑚. It’s also given that together, Connor and Maria have a total of
$ 25.00, which can be represented by the equation 𝑐 + 𝑚 = 25. Therefore, the system consisting of the equations 𝑐 = 4𝑚
and 𝑐 + 𝑚 = 25 represents this situation.

Choice B is incorrect. The equation 𝑚 = 4𝑐 represents a situation where Maria has 4 times as many dollars as Connor, rather
than the situation where Connor has 4 times as many dollars as Maria.

Choice C is incorrect. The equation 𝑐 = 25𝑚 represents a situation where Connor has 25 times, rather than 4 times, as many
dollars as Maria. The equation 𝑐 + 𝑚 = 4 represents a situation where Connor and Maria together have a total of $ 4.00,
rather than $ 25.00.

Choice D is incorrect. The equation 𝑚 = 25𝑐 represents a situation where Maria has 25 times as many dollars as Connor,
rather than the situation where Connor has 4 times as many dollars as Maria. The equation 𝑐 + 𝑚 = 4 represents a situation
where Connor and Maria together have a total of $ 4.00, rather than $ 25.00.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID b82a943c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: b82a943c

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b82a943c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Dividing both sides of the given equation 7𝑥 = 28 by 7 yields 𝑥 = 4. Substituting 4 for 𝑥 in the expression
8𝑥 yields 84, which is equivalent to 32.

21
Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 4
𝑥.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of 42𝑥.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 56𝑥.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 092ad67d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 092ad67d

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 092ad67d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Adding the first equation to the second equation in the given system yields 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑥 - 2𝑦 = 6 + 4, or
𝑥 + 𝑥 + 2𝑦 - 2𝑦 = 10. Combining like terms in this equation yields 2𝑥 = 10. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields
𝑥 = 5. Thus, the value of 𝑥 is 5.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 2𝑥, not 𝑥.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 90095507
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 90095507

Townsend Realty Group Investments

Property Purchase price Monthly rental
address (dollars) price (dollars)

Clearwater
128,000 950
Lane

Driftwood
176,000 1,310
Drive

Edgemont
70,000 515
Street

Glenview
140,000 1,040
Street

Hamilton
450,000 3,365
Circle

The Townsend Realty Group invested in the five different properties listed in the
table above. The table shows the amount, in dollars, the company paid for each
property and the corresponding monthly rental price, in dollars, the company
charges for the property at each of the five locations. Townsend Realty purchased
the Glenview Street property and received a 40% discount off the original price
along with an additional 20% off the discounted price for purchasing the property
in cash. Which of the following best approximates the original price, in dollars, of
the Glenview Street property?

A. $350,000

B. $291,700

C. $233,300

D. $175,000

ID: 90095507 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. Let x be the original price, in dollars, of the Glenview Street property. After the 40% discount, the price of
the property became dollars, and after the additional 20% off the discounted price, the price of the property became

. Thus, in terms of the original price of the property, x, the purchase price of the property is . It follows that

. Solving this equation for x gives . Therefore, of the given choices, $291,700 best
approximates the original price of the Glenview Street property.

Choice A is incorrect because it is the result of dividing the purchase price of the property by 0.4, as though the purchase
price were 40% of the original price. Choice C is incorrect because it is the closest to dividing the purchase price of the
property by 0.6, as though the purchase price were 60% of the original price. Choice D is incorrect because it is the result of
dividing the purchase price of the property by 0.8, as though the purchase price were 80% of the original price.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID eac739b2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: eac739b2

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: eac739b2 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Multiplying both sides of the given equation by 4 yields 44𝑥 + 2 = 412, or 16𝑥 + 8 = 48. Therefore, the
value of 16𝑥 + 8 is 48.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 3122fc7b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3122fc7b

A linear model estimates the population of a city from to . The model estimates the population was thousand
in , thousand in , and thousand in . To the nearest whole number, what is the value of ?

ID: 3122fc7b Answer

Correct Answer: 257

Rationale

The correct answer is 257. It’s given that a linear model estimates the population of a city from 1991 to 2015. Since the
population can be estimated using a linear model, it follows that there is a constant rate of change for the model. It’s also
given that the model estimates the population was 57 thousand in 1991, 224 thousand in 2011, and 𝑥 thousand in 2015. The
change in the population between 2011 and 1991 is 224 - 57, or 167, thousand. The change in the number of years between
2011 and 1991 is 2011 - 1991, or 20, years. Dividing 167 by 20 gives 167 / 20, or 8.35, thousand per year. Thus, the change in
population per year from 1991 to 2015 estimated by the model is 8.35 thousand. The change in the number of years between
2015 and 2011 is 2015 - 2011, or 4, years. Multiplying the change in population per year by the change in number of years
yields the increase in population from 2011 to 2015 estimated by the model: 8.354, or 33.4, thousand. Adding the change in
population from 2011 to 2015 estimated by the model to the estimated population in 2011 yields the estimated population in
2015. Thus, the estimated population in 2015 is 33.4 + 224, or 257.4, thousand. Therefore to the nearest whole number, the
value of 𝑥 is 257.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID ba79f10f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: ba79f10f

The table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . There is a linear relationship between and . Which
of the following equations represents this relationship?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ba79f10f Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A linear relationship can be represented by an equation of the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are
constants. It’s given in the table that when 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 18. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 18 for 𝑦 in 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 18 = 𝑚0 + 𝑏,
or 18 = 𝑏. Substituting 18 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 18. It’s also given in the table that when 𝑥 = 1,
𝑦 = 13. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 and 13 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 18 yields 13 = 𝑚1 + 18, or 13 = 𝑚 + 18. Subtracting 18
from both sides of this equation yields -5 = 𝑚. Therefore, the equation 𝑦 = -5𝑥 + 18 represents the relationship between 𝑥
and 𝑦.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID d9d83c02
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: d9d83c02

For what value of w does

?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d9d83c02 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. To solve the equation, use the distributive property to multiply on the right-hand side of the equation
which gives w – 10 = 2w + 10. Subtract w from both sides of the equation, which gives –10 = w + 10. Finally, subtract 10
from both sides of the equation, which gives –20 = w.

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from making sign errors. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
incompletely distributing the 2 in the expression 2(w + 5).

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 59a49431
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 59a49431

The shaded region shown represents solutions to an inequality. Which ordered pair is a solution to this inequality?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 59a49431 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since the shaded region shown represents solutions to an inequality, an ordered pair 𝑥, 𝑦 is a solution to
the inequality if it's represented by a point in the shaded region. Of the given choices, only 4, 0 is represented by a point in the
shaded region. Therefore, 4, 0 is a solution to the inequality.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 23dedddd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 23dedddd

In the linear function , and . Which equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 23dedddd Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since 𝑓 is a linear function, it can be defined by an equation of the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are
constants. It's given that 𝑓0 = 8. Substituting 0 for 𝑥 and 8 for 𝑓𝑥 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 8 = 𝑎0 + 𝑏, or 8 = 𝑏.
Substituting 8 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8. It's given that 𝑓1 = 12. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 and 12 for 𝑓𝑥
in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8 yields 12 = 𝑎1 + 8, or 12 = 𝑎 + 8. Subtracting 8 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑎 = 4.
Substituting 4 for 𝑎 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 + 8 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 8. Therefore, an equation that defines 𝑓 is 𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 8.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c8fb6bcb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: c8fb6bcb

The given function represents the perimeter, in , of a rectangle with a length of and a fixed width.
What is the width, in , of the rectangle?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c8fb6bcb Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that 𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 244 represents the perimeter, in centimeters ( cm ) , of a rectangle with a length
of 𝑥 cm and a fixed width. If 𝑤 represents a fixed width, in cm, then the perimeter, in cm, of a rectangle with a length of 𝑥 cm
and a fixed width of 𝑤 cm can be given by the function 𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑤. Therefore, 2𝑥 + 2𝑤 = 2𝑥 + 244. Subtracting 2𝑥 from
both sides of this equation yields 2𝑤 = 244. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑤 = 122. Therefore, the width, in
cm, of the rectangle is 122.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 771bd0ca
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 771bd0ca

What value of is the solution to the given equation?

ID: 771bd0ca Answer

Correct Answer: -22

Rationale

The correct answer is -22. The given equation can be rewritten as -2𝑡 + 3 = 38. Dividing both sides of this equation by -2
yields 𝑡 + 3 = - 19. Subtracting 3 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑡 = - 22. Therefore, -22 is the value of 𝑡 that is the
solution to the given equation.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4fe4fd7c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 4fe4fd7c

A company’s total cost , in dollars, to produce x shirts is given by the function

above, where m is a constant and . The total cost to produce 100 shirts is
$800. What is the total cost, in dollars, to produce 1000 shirts? (Disregard the $
sign when gridding your answer.)

ID: 4fe4fd7c Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 3500. The given information includes a cost, $800, to produce 100 shirts. Substituting and
into the given equation yields . Subtracting 500 from both sides of the equation yields
. Dividing both sides of this equation by 100 yields . Substituting the value of m into the given equation
yields . Substituting 1000 for x in this equation and solving for gives the cost of 1000 shirts:
, or 3500.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 789975b7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 789975b7

A gardener buys two kinds of fertilizer. Fertilizer A contains 60% filler materials by
weight and Fertilizer B contains 40% filler materials by weight. Together, the
fertilizers bought by the gardener contain a total of 240 pounds of filler materials.
Which equation models this relationship, where x is the number of pounds of
Fertilizer A and y is the number of pounds of Fertilizer B?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 789975b7 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since Fertilizer A contains 60% filler materials by weight, it follows that x pounds of Fertilizer A consists
of 0.6x pounds of filler materials. Similarly, y pounds of Fertilizer B consists of 0.4y pounds of filler materials. When x pounds
of Fertilizer A and y pounds of Fertilizer B are combined, the result is 240 pounds of filler materials. Therefore, the total
amount, in pounds, of filler materials in a mixture of x pounds of Fertilizer A and y pounds of Fertilizer B can be expressed as
.

Choice A is incorrect. This choice transposes the percentages of filler materials for Fertilizer A and Fertilizer B. Fertilizer A
consists of 0.6x pounds of filler materials and Fertilizer B consists of 0.4y pounds of filler materials. Therefore,
is equal to 240, not . Choice C is incorrect. This choice transposes the percentages of filler materials for
Fertilizer A and Fertilizer B and incorrectly represents how to take the percentage of a value mathematically. Choice D is
incorrect. This choice incorrectly represents how to take the percentage of a value mathematically. Fertilizer A consists of
0.6x pounds of filler materials, not 60x pounds of filler materials, and Fertilizer B consists of 0.4y pounds of filler materials,
not 40y pounds of filler materials.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID bf883fde
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: bf883fde

For the function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point . Which
equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: bf883fde Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. An equation defining a linear function can be written in the form 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are
constants, 𝑚 is the slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane, and 0, 𝑏 is the y-intercept of the graph. It's given that for the
function 𝑓, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane has a slope of 3. Therefore, 𝑚 = 3. It's also given that this graph passes
through the point 0, - 8. Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph is 0, - 8, and it follows that 𝑏 = - 8. Substituting 3 for 𝑚 and -8
for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓𝑥 = 3𝑥 - 8. Thus, the equation that defines 𝑓 is 𝑓𝑥 = 3𝑥 - 8.

Choice A is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane passes through the point 0, 0, not 0, - 8.

Choice C is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane passes through the point 0, 5, not 0, - 8.

Choice D is incorrect. For this function, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 in the xy-plane passes through the point 0, 11, not 0, - 8.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a309803e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a309803e

One gallon of paint will cover square feet of a surface. A room has a total wall area of square feet. Which equation
represents the total amount of paint , in gallons, needed to paint the walls of the room twice?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a309803e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that 𝑤 represents the total wall area, in square feet. Since the walls of the room will be painted
twice, the amount of paint, in gallons, needs to cover 2𝑤 square feet. It’s also given that one gallon of paint will cover 220
square feet. Dividing the total area, in square feet, of the surface to be painted by the number of square feet covered by one
2𝑤 𝑤
gallon of paint gives the number of gallons of paint that will be needed. Dividing 2𝑤 by 220 yields , or
220
. Therefore, the
110
𝑤
equation that represents the total amount of paint 𝑃, in gallons, needed to paint the walls of the room twice is 𝑃 = .
110

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from finding the amount of paint needed to paint the walls once rather than twice.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 2554b413
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 2554b413

In the xy-plane, a line has a slope of 6 and passes through the point . Which
of the following is an equation of this line?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2554b413 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The slope-intercept form of an equation for a line is , where m is the slope of the line and b
is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. It’s given that the slope is 6, so . It’s also given that the line passes
through the point on the y-axis, so . Substituting and into the equation gives
.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from misinterpreting the slope-intercept form of an equation of a line.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 5bf5136d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 5bf5136d

The triangle inequality theorem states that the sum of any two sides of a triangle must be greater than the length of the third
side. If a triangle has side lengths of and , which inequality represents the possible lengths, , of the third side of the
triangle?

A.

B.

C.

D. or

ID: 5bf5136d Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that a triangle has side lengths of 6 and 12, and 𝑥 represents the length of the third side of the
triangle. It’s also given that the triangle inequality theorem states that the sum of any two sides of a triangle must be greater
than the length of the third side. Therefore, the inequalities 6 + 𝑥 > 12, 6 + 12 > 𝑥, and 12 + 𝑥 > 6 represent all possible
values of 𝑥. Subtracting 6 from both sides of the inequality 6 + 𝑥 > 12 yields 𝑥 > 12 - 6, or 𝑥 > 6. Adding 6 and 12 in the
inequality 6 + 12 > 𝑥 yields 18 > 𝑥, or 𝑥 < 18. Subtracting 12 from both sides of the inequality 12 + 𝑥 > 6 yields 𝑥 > 6 - 12, or
𝑥 > - 6. Since all x-values that satisfy the inequality 𝑥 > 6 also satisfy the inequality 𝑥 > - 6, it follows that the inequalities
𝑥 > 6 and 𝑥 < 18 represent the possible values of 𝑥. Therefore, the inequality 6 < 𝑥 < 18 represents the possible lengths, 𝑥,
of the third side of the triangle.

Choice A is incorrect. This inequality gives the upper bound for 𝑥 but does not include its lower bound.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 620abf36
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 620abf36

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 620abf36 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Subtracting 4𝑥 + 4 from both sides of the given equation yields 1𝑥 + 4 = 29, or 𝑥 + 4 = 29. Therefore, the
value of 𝑥 + 4 is 29.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not 𝑥 + 4.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d62ad380
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: d62ad380
An artist paints and sells square tiles. The selling price P, in dollars, of a painted tile is a linear function of the side length
of the tile s, in inches, as shown in the table below.

Side length, s (inches) Price, P (dollars)

3 8.00

6 18.00

9 28.00

Which of the following could define the relationship between s and P ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d62ad380 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The relationship between s and P can be modeled by a linear equation of the form P = ks + a, where k

and a are constants. The table shows that P increases by 10 when s increases by 3, so k = . To solve for a, substitute

one of the given pairs of values for s and P: when s = 3, P = 8, so , which yields a = –2. The solution is

therefore .

Choice A is incorrect. When s = 3, P = 8, but 3(3) + 10 = 19 ≠︀8. Choice B is incorrect. This may result from using the first
number given for P in the table as the constant term a in the linear equation P = ks + a, which is true only when s = 0. Choice
D is incorrect and may result from using the reciprocal of the slope of the line.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID ed18c4f7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: ed18c4f7

Cathy has n CDs. Gerry has 3 more than twice the number of CDs that Cathy has. In
terms of n, how many CDs does Gerry have?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ed18c4f7 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The term 2n represents twice the number of CDs that Cathy has, and adding 3 represents 3 more than
that amount.

Choices A and B are incorrect. The expression 3n represents three times the number of CDs that Cathy has. Choice C is
incorrect. Subtracting 3 represents 3 fewer than twice the number of CDs that Cathy has.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 52a8ef85
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 52a8ef85

The equation represents the number of sweaters, , and number of shirts, , that Yesenia purchased for
. If Yesenia purchased sweaters, how many shirts did she purchase?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 52a8ef85 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that the equation 40𝑥 + 20𝑦 = 160 represents the number of sweaters, 𝑥, and the number of
shirts, 𝑦, that Yesenia purchased for $ 160. If Yesenia purchased 2 sweaters, the number of shirts she purchased can be
calculated by substituting 2 for 𝑥 in the given equation, which yields 402 + 20𝑦 = 160, or 80 + 20𝑦 = 160. Subtracting 80
from both sides of this equation yields 20𝑦 = 80. Dividing both sides of this equation by 20 yields 𝑦 = 4. Therefore, if Yesenia
purchased 2 sweaters, she purchased 4 shirts.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the number of shirts Yesenia purchased if she purchased 0 sweaters.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the price, in dollars, for each sweater, not the number of shirts Yesenia purchased.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0d685865
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 0d685865

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0d685865 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that 𝑥 = 7. Substituting 7 for 𝑥 into the given expression 𝑥 + 20 yields 7 + 20, which is
equivalent to 27.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 + 6.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 + 13.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 + 27.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 3462d850
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 3462d850
Marisol drove 3 hours from City A to City B. The equation below estimates the distance d, in miles, Marisol traveled after
driving for t hours.

Which of the following does 45 represent in the equation?

A. Marisol took 45 trips from City A to City B.

B. The distance between City A and City B is 45 miles.

C. Marisol drove at an average speed of about 45 miles per hour.

D. It took Marisol 45 hours to drive from City A to City B.

ID: 3462d850 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that d is the distance, in miles, Marisol traveled after driving for t hours. Therefore, 45
represents the distance in miles traveled per hour, which is the speed she drove in miles per hour.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from misidentifying speed as the number of trips. Choice B is incorrect and may result
from misidentifying speed as the total distance. Choice D is incorrect and may result from misidentifying the speed as the
time, in hours.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 12255364
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 12255364

A gym charges its members a onetime enrollment fee and a membership fee of per month. If there are no charges
other than the enrollment fee and the membership fee, after how many months will a member have been charged a total of
at the gym?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 12255364 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that a gym charges its members a onetime $ 36 enrollment fee and a membership fee of $ 19
per month. Let 𝑥 represent the number of months at the gym after which a member will have been charged a total of $ 188.
If there are no charges other than the enrollment fee and the membership fee, the equation 36 + 19𝑥 = 188 can be used to
represent this situation. Subtracting 36 from both sides of this equation yields 19𝑥 = 152. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 19 yields 𝑥 = 8. Therefore, a member will have been charged a total of $ 188 after 8 months at the gym.

Choice A is incorrect. A member will have been charged a total of $ 36 + 19 × 4, or $ 112, after 4 months at the gym.

Choice B is incorrect. A member will have been charged a total of $ 36 + 19 × 5, or $ 131, after 5 months at the gym.

Choice D is incorrect. A member will have been charged a total of $ 36 + 19 × 10, or $ 226, after 10 months at the gym.

Question Difficulty: Easy